Cloud Backup and Recovery

FAQs

Issue 02
Date 2020-04-08

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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Cloud Backup and Recovery
FAQs Contents

Contents

1 Concepts.................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 What Are Full Backup and Incremental Backup?.........................................................................................................1
1.2 What Are the Differences Between Backup and Disaster Recovery?.................................................................... 1
1.3 What Are the Differences Between Backups and Snapshots?................................................................................. 2
1.4 Why Is My Backup Size Larger Than My Disk Size?....................................................................................................4
1.5 What Are the Differences Between Backups and Images?.......................................................................................4
1.6 What Are the Differences Between Cloud Server Backup and Cloud Disk Backup?........................................6
1.7 Why Does the Used Capacity of a Vault Change Only Slightly After I Deleted Unwanted Backups?.......7

2 Billing......................................................................................................................................... 8
2.1 How Is CBR Billed?.................................................................................................................................................................. 8
2.2 How Large of a Vault Do I Need?................................................................................................................................... 10
2.3 What Is the Billing Cycle and Pay Time of the Pay-per-Use Mode?................................................................... 10
2.4 How Do I Disable CBR?.......................................................................................................................................................10
2.5 How Do I Unsubscribe from CSBS or VBS Resource Packages?........................................................................... 11
2.6 Why Is a Message Displayed Indicating Insufficient User Rights When I Create a Policy?........................ 13
2.7 What Can I do If a Yearly/Monthly-Billed Vault Is About to Expire?.................................................................. 13
2.8 How Do I Unsubscribe from a Vault?............................................................................................................................ 14
2.9 What Should I Do If the Fee Is Too High When I Expand the Capacity of a Vault?..................................... 15
2.10 Can I Change a Server Backup Vault to a Disk Backup Vault or the Other Way Around?...................... 15
2.11 Why Are CBR Backups Displayed on the VBS Console?........................................................................................ 15
2.12 What Charges Will I Incur When Using a Backup to Create an Image?......................................................... 16
2.13 How Do I Purchase a CBR Replication Traffic Package?.......................................................................................16
2.14 Can I Change the Protection Type of an Existing Vault?...................................................................................... 16
2.15 What Resources Do I Need to Buy for Cross-Region Replication Backup?.................................................... 17

3 Backup......................................................................................................................................18
3.1 Do I Need to Stop the Server Before Performing a Backup?.................................................................................18
3.2 Can I Back Up a Server Deployed with Databases?..................................................................................................18
3.3 How Can I Distinguish Automatic Backups From Manual Backups?..................................................................19
3.4 Can I Choose to Back Up Only Some Partitions of a Disk?....................................................................................19
3.5 Does CBR Support Cross-Region Backup?.................................................................................................................... 19
3.6 How Do I Migrate Server Data Across Regions Using Server Backups?............................................................ 19
3.7 Can I Back Up Two Disks to One Target Disk?........................................................................................................... 23

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3.8 How Do I Replicate a Disk to the Same AZ in a Region as the Source Disk?................................................. 24
3.9 Can I Migrate Backups Between Vaults?...................................................................................................................... 24
3.10 Will the Server Performance Be Affected If I Delete Its Backups?.................................................................... 24
3.11 Can I Use Its Backup for Restoration After a Resource Is Deleted?.................................................................. 24
3.12 How Many Backups Can I Create for a Resource?..................................................................................................24
3.13 Can I Use an Incremental Backup to Restore Data After a Full Backup Is Deleted?.................................. 24
3.14 Can I Stop an Ongoing Backup Task?......................................................................................................................... 24
3.15 How Do I Reduce the Vault Space Occupied by Backups?.................................................................................. 25
3.16 How Do I View the Size of Each Backup?.................................................................................................................. 25
3.17 How Do I View My Backup Data?................................................................................................................................ 25
3.18 How Long Will My Backups Be Kept?......................................................................................................................... 26
3.19 How Do I Implement Periodic Full Backups for My Resources?........................................................................ 26

4 Restoration..............................................................................................................................29
4.1 Do I Need to Stop the Server Before Restoring Data Using Backups?...............................................................29
4.2 Can I Use a System Disk Backup to Recover an ECS?.............................................................................................. 29
4.3 Do I Need to Stop the Server Before Restoring Data Using Disk Backups?.....................................................29
4.4 Can a Server Be Restored Using Its Backups After It Is Changed?...................................................................... 29
4.5 Can a Disk Be Restored Using Its Backups After Its Capacity Is Expanded?.................................................... 30
4.6 What Can I Do if the Password Becomes a Random One After I Use a Backup to Restore a Server or
Use an Image to Create a Server?......................................................................................................................................... 30
4.7 What Changes Will Be Made to the Original Backup When I Use the Backup to Restore a Server?..... 30
4.8 How Do I Restore Data on the Original Server to a New Server?.......................................................................31
4.9 How Do I Restore a Data Disk Backup to a System Disk?..................................................................................... 31
4.10 Can I Use CBR to Restore Data to Any Point When the Data Was Backed Up?.......................................... 31
4.11 Can I Stop an Ongoing Restoration Task?................................................................................................................. 32

5 Policies..................................................................................................................................... 33
5.1 How Do I Configure Automatic Backup for a Server or Disk?.............................................................................. 33
5.2 Why Does the Retention Rule Not Take Effect After Being Changed?.............................................................. 33
5.3 How Do I Back Up Multiple Resources at a Time?................................................................................................... 35
5.4 How Do I Retain My Backups Permanently?.............................................................................................................. 35
5.5 How Can I Cancel Auto Backup or Auto Replication?............................................................................................. 35
5.6 How Can I Have the System Automatically Delete Backups That I No Longer Need?................................ 36
5.7 Why Aren't My Backups Deleted Based on the Retention Rule?......................................................................... 36

6 Optimization.......................................................................................................................... 37
6.1 What Are Common Problems During Cloud-Init Installation?..............................................................................37
6.2 What Can I Do If Injecting the Key or Password Using Cloud-Init Fails After NetworkManager Is
Installed?......................................................................................................................................................................................... 41
6.3 What Can Cloud-Init Do?................................................................................................................................................... 41

7 Others...................................................................................................................................... 43
7.1 Is There a Quota for CBR Vaults?....................................................................................................................................43
7.2 Can I Merge My Vaults?..................................................................................................................................................... 43

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7.3 How Do I Delete a Backup That Has Been Used to Create an Image While Retaining the Image?....... 43
7.4 What Can I Do If the Vault Capacity Is Not Enough?.............................................................................................. 43
7.5 Will Backup Continue If the Usage of a Vault Reaches the Upper Limit?........................................................ 44
7.6 Can I Export Disk Backup Data to Another Server?..................................................................................................44
7.7 How Can I Reduce My Vault Capacity?......................................................................................................................... 44
7.8 Why Do I Need a Vault to Accept the Image Shared to Me?............................................................................... 44
7.9 Can I Download Backup Data to a Local PC?............................................................................................................. 44
7.10 How Do I Copy Disk Data to Another Account?..................................................................................................... 44
7.11 What Should I Do If I Receive an Email or SMS Message Indicating a Backup Failure?...........................45

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Cloud Backup and Recovery
FAQs 1 Concepts

1 Concepts

1.1 What Are Full Backup and Incremental Backup?

By default, the initial backup performed for a resource is a full backup, and all
subsequent backups are incremental backups. If a resource has been backed up for
many times, and then all of its generated backups are deleted, and the resource is
backed up again, the system will also perform a full backup for the resource.

● The initial full backup covers only the used capacity of a disk. If a 100 GB disk
contains 40 GB data, the initial backup consumes 40 GB backup space.
● Subsequent incremental backup backs up data changed since the last backup.
If 5 GB data changed since the last backup, only the 5 GB changed data will
be backed up.

CBR allows you to use any backup, no matter it is a full or incremental one, to
restore the full data of a resource. By virtue of this, manual or automatic deletion
of a backup will not affect the restoration function.

Suppose server X has backups A, B, and C (in time sequence) and every backup
involves data changes. If backup B is deleted, you can still use backup A or C to
restore data.

NOTE

In extreme cases, the size of a backup is the same as the disk size. The used capacity in a
full backup and the changed capacity in an incremental backup are calculated based on the
data block change in a disk, not by calculating the file change in the operating system. The
size of a full backup cannot be evaluated based on the file capacity in the operating
system, and the size of an incremental backup cannot be evaluated based on the file size
change.

1.2 What Are the Differences Between Backup and

Disaster Recovery?
The following table lists the main differences between backup and disaster
recovery (DR).

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Table 1-1 Differences between backup and DR

Item Backup DR

Purpose To prevent data loss. It To ensure service continuity. It takes

adopts the snapshot or the replication techniques (such as
backup techniques to application-layer replication, host-
generate data backups that based replication at the I/O layer,
can be used to restore data and storage-layer replication) to
when data loss or construct standby service hosts and
corruption occurs. data in a remote center, so that the
remote center can take over services
whenever the primary center is
faulty.

Scenario It offers protection against It enables failover upon software

virus attacks, accidental and hardware faults, as well as
deletions, software and natural disasters, such as tsunami,
hardware faults. fires, and earthquakes, to fast
recover services. When the source AZ
recovers, you can easily fail back to
the source AZ.

Cost The cost is 1 to 2% of the The cost is 20 to 100% of the

production system's cost. production system's, varying with
the RPO/RTO requirements. For
active-active DR, the service system
deployed in the standby center is
required to be the same as that in
the active system. In this case, the
cost on infrastructure doubles.

NOTE

Recovery Point Objective (RPO) specifies the maximum acceptable period in which data can
be lost.
Recovery Time Objective (RTO) specifies the maximum acceptable amount of time for
restoring the entire system after a disaster occurs.

1.3 What Are the Differences Between Backups and

Snapshots?
Both backups and snapshots provide data redundancy for disks to improve data
reliability. Table 1-2 lists the differences between them.

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Table 1-2 Differences between backups and snapshots

Item Storage Data DR Range Service
Solution Synchronizati Recovery
on

Backup Backup data is A backup is A backup and Data can be

stored in OBS, the data copy its source disk recovered and
instead of disks. of a disk at a reside in the services can
This ensures given point in same AZ. be restored by
data restoration time. CBR restoring the
upon disk data supports backup data
loss or automatic to original
corruption. backup by disks or
configuring creating new
backup disks from
policies. backups,
Deleting a ensuring
disk will not excellent data
clear its reliability.
backups.

Snapshot Snapshot data A snapshot is A snapshot You can use a

is stored with the state of a and its source snapshot to
disk data. disk at a disk reside in roll back its
NOTE specific point the same AZ. original disk
Creating a in time. If a or create a
backup requires disk is disk for data
a certain deleted, all restoration
amount of time
the snapshots and service
because data
needs to be created for recovery.
transferred. this disk will
Therefore, also be
creating or deleted. If you
rolling back a have
snapshot
reinstalled or
consumes less
time than changed the
creating a server OS,
backup. snapshots of
the system
disk are
automatically
deleted.
Snapshots of
the data disks
can be used
as usual.

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1.4 Why Is My Backup Size Larger Than My Disk Size?

Symptoms
● There is no difference or an increase in size between the original backup and
a backup generated after a file is deleted.
● The ECS backup size is larger than the used disk space obtained from the file
system.

Possible Causes
Possible causes are as follows:
● The backup mechanism itself causes this problem. The cloud server backups,
cloud disk backups, and SFS Turbo backups created using CBR are all block-
level backups. Different from file-level backups, block-level backups are
performed by sector (512 bytes) each time.
● The metadata of the file systems on the disk occupies disk space.
● To reduce performance overhead, the file system adds a delete marker for the
deleted file, but does not erase the data that has been written to the sector,
and the metadata on the sector still exists. Block-level backups cannot detect
whether data on a sector is deleted or not, but only determine whether a
backup needs to be performed by checking whether all data blocks are zero
blocks.
● CBR determines whether data in each sector changes by comparing two
snapshots. Data changes include data addition, modification, and deletion.
Backup is not performed if there are no data changes. If there are data
changes, CBR further checks whether data blocks in the sector are all zero
blocks. If so, backup is also not performed. Backups are performed only when
there are non-zero blocks. If the data is deleted but metadata in the sector is
not, the data block is also recognized as a non-zero block, and backups will
be performed.

1.5 What Are the Differences Between Backups and

Images?
CBR and Image Management Service (IMS) have some complementary functions
and can be used together in certain scenarios. Like CBR, IMS can also be used to
back up ECSs.

Differences Between Backups and Images

Table 1-3 lists the differences between them.

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Table 1-3 Differences between backups and images

Item CBR IMS

Concept A backup contains the status, An image provides all

configuration, and data of a information required for starting
cloud server or disk stored at a cloud server. It is used to
a specific time point for create a cloud server and deploy
recovery in case of a fault. It is software environments in
used to ensure data security batches. A system disk image
and improve availability. contains an OS and pre-installed
application software for running
services. A data disk image
contains service data. A full-ECS
image contains data of the
system disk and data disks.

Usage ● Data storage location: ● Data storage location: Unlike

method Unlike server or disk data, server or disk data, backups
backups are stored in OBS. are stored in OBS. If a server
Deleting a disk will not or disk that is created using
clear its backups. an image is deleted, the
● Operation object: A server image will not be cleared.
or disk can be backed up at ● Operation object: The system
a given point in time. CBR disk and data disks of a
supports automatic backup server can be used to create
and automatic deletion by private images. You can also
configuring backup policies. create private images using
● Usage: Backups can be external image files.
used to restore data to the ● Usage: System disk images or
original server or disk, or to full-ECS images can be used
create a new disk or full- to create new servers, and
ECS image. data disk images can be used
● Support exporting to a to create new disks for service
local PC: No migration.
● Support exporting to a local
PC: Yes However, full-ECS
images cannot be exported to
a local PC.

Application CBR applies to the following IMS applies to the following

scenarios scenarios: scenarios:
● Data backup and ● Server migration to the cloud
restoration or between clouds
● Rapid service deployment ● Deploying a specific software
and migration environment
● Deploying software
environments in batches
● Backing up server operating
environments

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Item CBR IMS

Advantages Supports automatic backup. Supports system disk backup.

Data on a server or disk at a You can import the data disk
certain time point can be image of a local server or a
retained periodically or server provided by another cloud
quantitatively. You can back platform to IMS and then use
up on-premises VMware VMs, the image to create an EVS disk.
synchronize the backups to
the cloud, and then use the
backups to restore data to
new ECSs.

NOTE

Although backups and images are stored in OBS, you cannot view backup and image data
in OBS, because they do not occupy your resources. Backup fees are charged according to
the CBR billing standards, and image storage fees are charged according to the OBS billing
standards.

Relationship Between Backups and Images

1. You can use an ECS backup to create a full-ECS image.
2. Before creating a full-ECS image for an ECS, you need to back up the target
ECS.
3. A backup is compressed when it is used to create an image. Therefore, the
size of the generated image is smaller than that of the backup.

1.6 What Are the Differences Between Cloud Server

Backup and Cloud Disk Backup?
Table 1-4 describes the differences between cloud server backup and cloud disk
backup.

Table 1-4 Differences between cloud server backup and cloud disk backup
Item Cloud Server Backup Cloud Disk Backup

Resources to All disks (system and data One or more specified disks
be backed up disks) on a server (system or data disks)
or restored

Recommended An entire cloud server needs Only data disks need to be

scenario to be protected. backed up, because the system
disk does not contain users'
application data.

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Item Cloud Server Backup Cloud Disk Backup

Advantages All disks on a server are Backup cost is reduced without

backed up at the same time, compromising data security.
ensuring data consistency.

1.7 Why Does the Used Capacity of a Vault Change

Only Slightly After I Deleted Unwanted Backups?
Symptoms
After unwanted backups are deleted from the vault, the used capacity of the vault
decreases by only 1 GB to 2 GB.

Possible Causes
The backup mechanism of CBR:
● By default, CBR performs a full backup for a resource for the first time and
backs up all used data blocks. All subsequent backups are incremental. An
incremental backup backs up only the data blocks changed since the last
backup.
● Each incremental backup is a virtual full backup. Correlated data blocks are
indexed by using pointers.
● When you delete a backup, no matter manually or automatically, only data
blocks that are not referenced by other backups will be deleted.

Figure 1-1 Backup mechanism

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2 Billing

2.1 How Is CBR Billed?

You are billed for the storage space and the data traffic generated if backup
replication is used. Pricing of the storage space varies with vault types. See details
in the following table.

Category Billing Item Description Billing Mode

Storage space Disk backup If cloud disks need to be Pay-per-use

vault backed up, buy disk backup Yearly/
vaults to store the backups Monthly
generated.

Server backup If cloud servers (applications Pay-per-use

vault not included) need to be Yearly/
backed up, buy server backup Monthly
vaults to store the backups
generated.

SFS Turbo If SFS Turbo file systems need Pay-per-use

backup vault to be backed up, buy SFS Yearly/
Turbo backup vaults to store Monthly
the backups generated.

Database If cloud servers (applications Pay-per-use

server backup included) need to be backed Yearly/
vault up, buy database server Monthly
backup vaults to store the
backups generated.
How to purchase: Enable
Application-Consistent
Backup on the Buy Server
Backup Vault page. For more
information, see Application-
Consistent Backup Overview.

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Category Billing Item Description Billing Mode

Hybrid cloud If on-premises VMware VMs Pay-per-use

backup vault and OceanStor Dorado arrays Yearly/
need to be backed up, buy Monthly
hybrid cloud backup vaults to
store the backups generated.

Replication If you need to replicate Pay-per-use

vault backups to another region, Yearly/
buy replication vaults in the Monthly
destination region.

Data traffic Outbound If in-cloud, hybrid cloud Free for a

traffic over backups are used to restore limited time
the Internet the data in on-premises IDCs,
outbound traffic over the
Internet is generated.

Cross-region If backups or vaults are Pay-per-use

replication replicated to another region, Yearly/
traffic cross-region replication traffic Monthly
is generated in the source
region.

Billing Examples
Case 1:

Pay-per-use vault for cloud servers without databases deployed:

A user has a 100 GB cloud server and a 400 GB server backup vault purchased in
the CN-Hong Kong region, and the cloud server is associated with the vault. The
user is billed for the 400 GB server backup vault in CBR.

Case 2:

Pay-per-use vault for cloud servers with databases deployed:

A user has a 100 GB cloud server running databases and an 800 GB database
server backup vault purchased in the CN-Hong Kong region, and the cloud server
is associated with the vault. The user is billed for the 800 GB database server
backup vault in CBR.

Case 3:

Replicating a backup to another region, with pay-per-use billing:

A user purchases a 100 GB server backup vault A in the CN-Hong Kong region,
and the backup data uses 40 GB of the storage space. This user also purchases a
200 GB replication vault B in the AP-Bangkok region and replicates data from
vault A to vault B, without using the acceleration service. In this case, the user is
billed for the 100 GB backup vault and the 200 GB replication vault, as well as the
40 GB cross-region replication data traffic.

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2.2 How Large of a Vault Do I Need?

Manual Backup Scenario
If only manual backup is required, you are advised to set the vault capacity to at
least twice the total capacity of the resources you want to back up.

Automatic Backup Scenario

If automatic backup is required, use the following formula to estimate the
required capacity of the vault to be created:

Vault capacity (GB) = [Disk capacity (GB) + Backup retention period (days)/
Backup cycle (days) x Daily data volume changes (GB)] x 120%

NOTE

If you set that backups are retained based on backup quantity, you can calculate the vault
capacity you need by converting the number of retained backups to backup retention
period. For example, if a company backs up data once a day and the number of retained
backups is set to 7, then the retention period can be deemed as 7 days.

You are advised to adjust the value based on your actual needs after the
calculation.

Example
Financial company A has an 800 GB cloud server and has used 200 GB of it. Use
the disk capacity (800 GB) rather that the used capacity for calculation. The daily
data change volume is about 10 GB. As scheduled, the company's data is backed
up twice at 02:00 and 20:00 every day, and backups are retained for one month.
The capacity of a server backup vault required by the company can be estimated
using the following formula:

Required vault capacity = [(800+30/(1/2) x 10] x 120% = 1,680 GB

2.3 What Is the Billing Cycle and Pay Time of the Pay-
per-Use Mode?
The vaults are billed hourly and are paid after usage.

2.4 How Do I Disable CBR?

If you have enabled CBR when purchasing an ECS but want to disable it afterward,
go to CBR Console and then delete all vaults on the cloud server backup, cloud
disk backup, SFS Turbo backup, and hybrid cloud backup pages. See Figure 2-1.

● If a message is displayed indicating that the ECS backup cannot be deleted,

check whether the backup has been used to create an image and whether the
image has been deleted.

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● If you have not migrated resources to CBR, switch back to the CSBS or VBS
console page to delete the backups.
● To delete CSBS backups displayed on the VBS console page, go to the
Backups tab page on CSBS Console.

Figure 2-1 Deleting vaults

2.5 How Do I Unsubscribe from CSBS or VBS Resource

Packages?
If you want to migrate resources from CSBS and VBS to CBR, the original yearly/
monthly CSBS and VBS packages cannot be migrated. In this case, you can
unsubscribe from the packages yourself or submit a service ticket. For details
about the unsubscription rules, see Unsubscription Rules.

Unsubscribing from a Resource Package By Self Service

Step 1 Log in to CSBS Console.
Step 2 Click Billing in the upper right corner of the page to go to the Billing Center.
Step 3 In the left navigation pane, choose Unsubscriptions and Changes >
Unsubscriptions. The resources you purchased are displayed.
Step 4 Select an unwanted resource package and click Unsubscribe. See Figure 2-2.

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Figure 2-2 Unsubscribing from a resource package

----End

Unsubscribing from a Resource Package By Submitting a Service Ticket

Step 1 Log in to the management console.
Step 2 In the upper right corner of the page, choose Service Tickets > Create Service
Ticket. The Create Service Ticket page is displayed. Click Subscriptions on the
Select Ticket Type tab page.

Figure 2-3 Going to the Subscriptions page

Step 3 On the Select Subtype tab page, choose UnsubscriptionsUnsubscription -

Unsubscription Problem > Create Service Ticket.

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Figure 2-4 Creating a service ticket

Step 4 Enter a description, for example, "unsubscribe from CSBS/VBS resource packages",
in the text box next to Problem Description and set other parameters as required.
Then click Submit.

----End

2.6 Why Is a Message Displayed Indicating Insufficient

User Rights When I Create a Policy?
If your account is in arrears or has no balance, you cannot create policies or add
tags.

2.7 What Can I do If a Yearly/Monthly-Billed Vault Is

About to Expire?
After a yearly/monthly-billed vault expires, the system will not automatically
change you to the pay-per-use mode. For details about the resource handling

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during the retention period, see Service Suspension and Resource Release. If the
resource package is not renewed before the retention period expires, the resource
will be deleted.
● If you want to continue to use the vault, choose More > Renew in the
Operation column of the vault to renew your subscription.
● If you do not need the vault anymore, choose More > Delete in the
Operation column of the vault, or you can wait for the system to
automatically delete it when the subscription expires.

2.8 How Do I Unsubscribe from a Vault?

If you no longer need a vault billed in yearly/monthly mode to store backups, you
can unsubscribe from the vault in either of the following methods. For details
about the unsubscription rules, see Unsubscription Rules.

Method 1
Step 1 Log in to CBR Console.
Step 2 Click the Vaults tab and locate the target vault. Click More > Unsubscribe in the
Operation column.
Step 3 Complete the unsubscription operations as prompted.

----End

Method 2
Step 1 Log in to CBR Console.
Step 2 Click Billing in the top navigation bar to go to the Billing Center page.
Step 3 In the left navigation pane, choose Unsubscriptions and Changes >
Unsubscriptions. The resources you purchased are displayed.
Step 4 Select an unwanted vault and click Unsubscribe. See Figure 2-5.

Figure 2-5 Unsubscribing from a resource package

----End

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2.9 What Should I Do If the Fee Is Too High When I

Expand the Capacity of a Vault?
Symptom
A user purchases a yearly-billed vault (1 to 3 years). After the vault has been used
for a period of time, the user wants to expand the capacity. However, the
expansion cost is unexpectedly high.

Possible Cause
Due to system restrictions, when expanding a vault in the current yearly package,
the fee cannot be calculated on the common yearly/monthly basis.

Solution
1. Plan the vault capacity properly before you purchase a yearly/monthly vault.
2. If you still want to expand the vault capacity, renew the vault by making up
the used duration.
For example, if you have purchased a vault for two years and need to expand
its capacity after using it for six months, you need to renew the vault for
another six months to add up to a two-year package. Then you can expand
the vault on a relatively preferential price.

2.10 Can I Change a Server Backup Vault to a Disk

Backup Vault or the Other Way Around?
No. You can unsubscribe from or delete unwanted vaults and then purchase a new
one. For details about the unsubscription rules, see Unsubscription Rules.

2.11 Why Are CBR Backups Displayed on the VBS

Console?
If you have migrated data from CSBS and VBS to CBR, and created a backup on
CBR Console, the same backup record will be generated on the VBS console page.
This is due to the underlying mechanism. The VBS console displays all backups
generated by CBR, CSBS, and VBS. However, these backups will not be billed
repeatedly.
To delete a CBR or CSBS backup, go to the corresponding console to delete it, and
then it will no longer be displayed on the VBS console.

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FAQs 2 Billing

2.12 What Charges Will I Incur When Using a Backup

to Create an Image?
You will be charged only for the backup vault capacity when you use a cloud
server backup to create an image.
For detailed pricing, see the CBR pricing details.

2.13 How Do I Purchase a CBR Replication Traffic

Package?
CBR provides replication traffic packages. If you buy a package, the quota in the
package is used for billing first. Any usage exceeding the package is billed based
on the pay-per-use basis.
A package is bound to a specific region. The purchased package can be used only
in the bound region. This region must be the source region of the replication.
Package resetting rules: During billing, the quota in the package is deducted first.
Remaining quotas are cleared upon the monthly reset, and excessive usage is
billed on the pay-per-use basis. The quota of a package defines the available
traffic within one month from the date you bought the package.

Procedure
Step 1 Log in to CBR Console.
1. Log in to the management console.

2. Click in the upper left corner and select your region and project.
3. Choose Storage > Cloud Backup and Recovery > Cloud Server Backup.
Step 2 Click Buy CBR Replication Traffic Package in the upper right corner.
Step 3 Select a package type and usage duration.
Step 4 Confirm the information, click Next, and complete the payment.

----End

2.14 Can I Change the Protection Type of an Existing

Vault?
No. The protection type of a purchased vault cannot be changed. You need to
delete or unsubscribe from the vault and then create a new one.

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2.15 What Resources Do I Need to Buy for Cross-Region

Replication Backup?
To replicate backups to a different region, buy the following resources:
1. Cloud server backup vault in the source region. This vault is used to store
cloud server backups generated in the production region.
2. Cloud server replication vault in the destination region. This vault is used to
store cloud server backups replicated to the disaster recovery region.
3. (Optional) Cross-region replication traffic package. This package can be used
to deduct the replication traffic generated during replication.
If a replication traffic package is not available, you will be billed for the replication
traffic based on a pay-per-use basis. Buy a replication traffic package based on the
size of the backups to be replicated. A traffic package can only be used to deduct
traffic fees. Any capacity fee generated during replication cannot be deducted by
the traffic package.

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FAQs 3 Backup

3 Backup

3.1 Do I Need to Stop the Server Before Performing a

Backup?
No. You can back up servers that are in use. When a server is running, data is
written onto disks on the server, and some newly generated data is stored in the
server memory as cached data. During a backup task, the data in the memory will
not be automatically written onto disks, resulting in data inconsistency between
disks and their backups.
To ensure data integrity, back up the server during off-peak hours when no write
operation is performed on the disks. For applications that require strict
consistency, such as databases and email systems, you are advised to enable
application-consistent backup.

3.2 Can I Back Up a Server Deployed with Databases?

Yes. CBR provides application-consistent backup. For details about the function
compatibility, see Table 3-1. For applications or databases with which the
application-consistent function is incompatible, you are advised to suspend all
data write operations before performing backup. If write operations cannot be
suspended, you can stop the application systems or the server for offline backup. If
you do not perform the preceding operations before backup, status of the server
after restoration will be similar to restart upon an unexpected power failure. In
this case, log rollback will be performed on databases to keep data consistent.

Table 3-1 OSs that support installation of the Agent

Database OS Version

SQL Server Windows Windows Server 2008, 2008 R2, 2012, and 2012 R2
2008/2012 for x86_64

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FAQs 3 Backup

Database OS Version

SQL Server Windows Windows Server 2014, 2014 R2, and 2016
2014/2016/E Datacenter for x86_64
E

MySQL Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 and 7 for x86_64
5.5/5.6/5.7
SUSE SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11, 12, 15 SP1, 15 SP2
for x86_64

CentOS CentOS 6 and 7 for x86_64

EulerOS EulerOS 2.2 and 2.3 for x86_64

HANA SUSE SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 for x86_64

1.0/2.0

3.3 How Can I Distinguish Automatic Backups From

Manual Backups?
They can be distinguished by name prefix:
● Automatic backups: autobk_xxxx
● Manual backups: manualbk_xxxx or custom names

3.4 Can I Choose to Back Up Only Some Partitions of a

Disk?
No. The minimum backup granularity supported by CBR is disks.

3.5 Does CBR Support Cross-Region Backup?

No. CBR supports only backup and restoration within a region but not across
regions.

3.6 How Do I Migrate Server Data Across Regions Using

Server Backups?
Context
A user has an ECS with only one system disk in the CN-Hong Kong region. To
implement cross-region disaster recovery and fast service deployment in a
different region, the user needs to create a same ECS with the same data in that
region. In this case, CBR cloud server backup would be an ideal choice.
To replicate the ECS from CN-Hong Kong to AP-Bangkok, the user needs to back
up the ECS in CN-Hong Kong, replicates the backup to AP-Bangkok, uses the

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FAQs 3 Backup

backup replica to create a full-ECS image, and then uses the image to create an
ECS in AP-Bangkok. In this way, data on the ECS has been migrated to AP-
Bangkok.

Procedure
Step 1 Log in to the ECS console, switch to the CN-Hong Kong region, and locate the
target ECS in the server list. See Figure 3-1.

Figure 3-1 Target ECS information

Step 2 Choose More > Create Backup in the Operation column. Switch to CBR Console
to purchase a vault. Make sure that the target ECS is selected when purchasing a
vault.
Step 3 After the vault is created and associated with the ECS, back up the ECS. See Figure
3-2.

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FAQs 3 Backup

Figure 3-2 Perform Backup

Step 4 Switch to the cloud server backup page on CBR Console, and confirm that the
backup has been created in the target vault. Then, choose More > Create Replica
in the Operation column to replicate the backup to AP-Bangkok. See Figure 3-3.
If the destination vault does not exist, go to the destination region to create a
replication vault first.

Figure 3-3 Creating a replica

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FAQs 3 Backup

Step 5 Switch to the AP-Bangkok region. Choose Cloud Server Backups, find the
replicated backup replica_001 in the backup list. An R icon is displayed next to the
backup name. In the Operation column, click Create Image.
Create an image using the backup. See Figure 3-4. This backup can be deleted
only after the image is deleted.

Figure 3-4 Creating an image

Step 6 On the IMS console in AP-Bangkok, find the new image created and click Apply
for Server in the Operation column to create a server. See Figure 3-5. Set other
parameters based on service requirements.

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Cloud Backup and Recovery
FAQs 3 Backup

Figure 3-5 Creating a server

Step 7 View the server details page. It can be seen that the ECS data has been migrated
from CN-Hong Kong to AP-Bangkok. See Figure 3-6.

Figure 3-6 Successful cross-region ECS data migration

----End

3.7 Can I Back Up Two Disks to One Target Disk?

No. One target disk corresponds to one source disk. The data of two disks cannot
be backed up to one target disk.

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FAQs 3 Backup

3.8 How Do I Replicate a Disk to the Same AZ in a

Region as the Source Disk?
Back up the desired disk. Then use the disk backup to create a new disk, and
select the same AZ as that of the source disk for the new one.

3.9 Can I Migrate Backups Between Vaults?

Backups can be migrated between vaults. For details, see Migrating a Resource.

3.10 Will the Server Performance Be Affected If I

Delete Its Backups?
No. Backups are not stored on a server. Therefore, deleting its backups has no
impact on the server performance.

3.11 Can I Use Its Backup for Restoration After a

Resource Is Deleted?
Yes. Resources and backups are not stored together. If a resource is deleted, its
backup still stays in your CBR vault. You can use the backup to restore the
resource to a backup point in time.

3.12 How Many Backups Can I Create for a Resource?

You can create as many backups for a resource as needed.

3.13 Can I Use an Incremental Backup to Restore Data

After a Full Backup Is Deleted?
CBR allows you to use any backup, no matter it is a full or incremental one, to
restore the full data of a resource. By virtue of this, manual or automatic deletion
of a backup will not affect the restoration function.

Suppose server X has backups A, B, and C (in time sequence) and every backup
involves data changes. If backup B is deleted, you can still use backup A or C to
restore data.

3.14 Can I Stop an Ongoing Backup Task?

No. An ongoing backup task cannot be stopped.

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3.15 How Do I Reduce the Vault Space Occupied by

Backups?
Symptom
The size of a disk backup is much greater than the used space of the disk
displayed on a server. Even if you delete large files from the disk and back up the
disks again, the backup size does not reduce significantly.

Possible Cause
After files are deleted from a disk, the data remains though it is no longer
available. When you use CBR to back up a disk, all disk data including the invisible
data will be backed up. For the backup principles, see Why Is My Backup Size
Larger Than My Disk Size?.

Solution
Currently, CBR cannot help reduce the backup size. You can use a third-party tool
to do this but need to evaluate the security of the tool by yourself.

3.16 How Do I View the Size of Each Backup?

You cannot view the size of each backup.
However, you can view the size of all backups for each resource. On the Backups
tab page, click the name of the target backup to view its details. See Figure 3-7.

Figure 3-7 Checking the size of all backups of a server

3.17 How Do I View My Backup Data?

Backup data cannot be viewed on CBR Console. You can check your backup data
in the following ways:
Server Backups

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FAQs 3 Backup

To view server backup data, create an image from a server backup, use the image
to create a server, and then log in to the server to view your data.

Disk Backups

To view disk backup data, create a new disk from a disk backup, attach the disk to
a server, and then log in to the server to view your data.

SFS Turbo Backups

To view SFS Turbo backup data, create a new SFS Turbo file system from an SFS
turbo backup, mount the file system to a server, and then log in to the server to
view your data.

3.18 How Long Will My Backups Be Kept?

Manual backup: The name of a manual backup is usually in the format of
manualbk_xxxx or is customized. If you do not delete manual backups and your
account balance is enough, manual backups will always be kept. If your account
balance is not enough or not topped up timely, manual backups will be
automatically released and cannot be recovered.

Automatic backup: The name of an automatic backup is in the format of

autobk_xxxx. If a retention rule has been set in the policy, automatic backups will
be kept and deleted based on the retention rule. If the policy's retention rule has
been changed during the backup execution, some automatic backups may not be
deleted. For details, see Why Does the Retention Rule Not Take Effect After
Being Changed?

3.19 How Do I Implement Periodic Full Backups for My

Resources?
Context
By default, CBR performs a full backup for a resource in the initial backup, and
incremental backups in all subsequent backups.

CBR now allows you to implement periodic full backups in addition to the initial
backup. You can configure a policy to perform a full backup after every N
incremental backups. This further improves backup data security and meets
periodic full backup needs.

Figure 3-8 Periodic full backup process

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FAQs 3 Backup

Procedure
Step 1 Log in to CBR Console.

Step 2 Choose Policies and click the Backup Policies tab. In the upper right corner, click
Create Policy. See Figure 3-9.

Figure 3-9 Create Policy

Step 3 Set backup policy parameters according to Backup policy parameter description.

Step 4 Select Enable for Full Backup and set the full backup frequency. Then the system
automatically checks whether the configured frequency is appropriate. If message
shows that full backups cannot be executed, change the frequency. See Figure
3-10.

Figure 3-10 Configuring periodic full backup

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Cloud Backup and Recovery
FAQs 3 Backup

Step 5 Click OK.

Step 6 Locate the desired vault and choose More > Apply Backup Policy to apply the
created policy to the vault. You can view the applied policy on the vault details
page.
After the policy is applied, periodic full backups will be automatically performed
based on the policy.

----End

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Cloud Backup and Recovery
FAQs 4 Restoration

4 Restoration

4.1 Do I Need to Stop the Server Before Restoring Data

Using Backups?
The system shuts down the server before restoring server data, and automatically
starts up the server after the restoration is complete.

If you deselect Start the server immediately after restoration, you need to
manually start the server after the restoration is complete.

4.2 Can I Use a System Disk Backup to Recover an ECS?

Yes. However, before the recovery, you need to detach the system disk to be
recovered from the ECS.

You can also use a backup of the system disk to create new disks. However, newly
created disks cannot be used as system disks.

4.3 Do I Need to Stop the Server Before Restoring Data

Using Disk Backups?
Yes. Before restoring the disk data using a disk backup, you must stop the server
to which the disk is attached, and detach the disk from the server. After the disk
data is restored, attach the disk to the server and start the server.

4.4 Can a Server Be Restored Using Its Backups After It

Is Changed?
Yes. If a server has been backed up and then changed such as adding, deleting, or
expanding disks, its backups can still be used to restore data. You are advised to
back up data again after the change.

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If you have added a disk after backup and then use backups to restore data, data
on the newly added disk will not change.
If you have deleted a disk after backup and then use backups to restore data, data
on the deleted disk will not be restored.
If you have changed server OS after backup and then use a system disk backup to
restore the original system disk, the restoration will fail because the disk UUID has
changed.

4.5 Can a Disk Be Restored Using Its Backups After Its

Capacity Is Expanded?
Yes. After restoration, the capacity of the expanded disk goes back to the original
capacity before expansion. If you want to use the capacity added to the disk, you
need to attach the restored disk to a server, log in to the server, and then
manually modify the file system configuration. For detailed operations, see
sections about post-expansion operations on disks in the Elastic Volume Service
User Guide.

4.6 What Can I Do if the Password Becomes a Random

One After I Use a Backup to Restore a Server or Use an
Image to Create a Server?
For details about how to reset the password, see Resetting the Password for
Logging In to an ECS in the Elastic Cloud Server User Guide.

4.7 What Changes Will Be Made to the Original

Backup When I Use the Backup to Restore a Server?
● For Linux:
– Check whether drivers related to the PV driver exist. If yes, delete them.
– Modify the grub and syslinux configuration files to add the OS kernel
boot parameters and change the disk partition name to UUID=UUID of
the disk partition.
– Change the names of the disk partitions in the /etc/fstab file to
UUID=UUID of the disk partition.
– Delete services of VMware tools.
– Linux OSs automatically copy the built-in VirtIO driver to initrd or
initramfs.
● For Windows:
– Inject the VirtIO driver offline to solve the problem that the system
cannot start when UVP VMTools is not installed.

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4.8 How Do I Restore Data on the Original Server to a

New Server?
To restore backup data to a new server, you can create an image using a server
backup and then use the image to create a new server. For details, see Using a
Backup to Create an Image.

If a new server has already been created, you can back up the disks of the original
server, create new disks using the backups, and then attach the new disks to the
new server. In this case, however, data consistency may not be ensured.

4.9 How Do I Restore a Data Disk Backup to a System

Disk?
You can use a disk backup to create a new disk following instructions in Using a
Backup to Create a Disk and attach the new disk to a server following
instructions in Attaching a Non-Shared Disk. Then copy data in the data disk to
the system disk.

4.10 Can I Use CBR to Restore Data to Any Point When

the Data Was Backed Up?
Yes. You can do as follows to verify this.

Procedure
Step 1 Log in to a server and create a file named test1.

Figure 4-1 Viewing the file

Step 2 Log in to CBR Console and create a backup for the server.

Figure 4-2 Creating a backup for the server

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Step 3 Log in to the server again and delete the test1 file.

Figure 4-3 Deleting the file

Step 4 On CBR Console, use the server backup you created to restore data.

Figure 4-4 Restoring data

Step 5 Log in to the server and confirm that the data has been restored to the state
when the backup was created.

Figure 4-5 Confirming the restoration result

----End

4.11 Can I Stop an Ongoing Restoration Task?

No. An ongoing restoration task cannot be stopped.

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Cloud Backup and Recovery
FAQs 5 Policies

5 Policies

5.1 How Do I Configure Automatic Backup for a Server

or Disk?
1. Go to the Cloud Backup and Recovery console and purchase a backup vault.
You are advised to set the vault capacity to at least twice the total capacity of
the resources you want to back up.
2. Associate resources with the vault during or after the purchase.
3. After the resources are associated, go to the Policies page to configure a
backup policy. You are advised to back up data during off-peak hours, for
example, early in the morning. Set the backup retention rule as needed. If
your vault capacity is small, set a small value for the number of backups to be
kept or the days that backups will be retained. Retention rule does not apply
to manual backups.
4. Apply the policy you defined to the vault. The system then will back up the
resources that are associated with the vault at the specified time and retains
the backups based on the retention rule.

5.2 Why Does the Retention Rule Not Take Effect After
Being Changed?
There are the following scenarios for a retention rule change:

Rule Type Unchanged, Only with a New Backup Quantity Configured

The new policy will take effect for the backups generated based on the old policy.
After a backup is generated, regardless of an automatic or a manual backup, the
system verifies and uses the latest retention rule.
Example: A user has a vault associated with a disk. At 10:00 a.m. on Monday, the
user applies a backup policy to the vault, based on which a backup task will be
executed at 02:00 a.m. every day and three most recent backups will be kept. At
10:00 a.m. on Thursday, three backups are kept. Then the user changes the
number of backups kept from three to one, and the new policy takes effect

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immediately. If the user then perform manual backups or wait until the system
automatically create a backup at 02:00 a.m. on Friday, the system will verify and
use the latest retention rule after the backup task is complete. In this case, only
one most recent backup will be kept. Manual backups are not affected by policies,
so they will not be deleted.

Rule Type Changed from Backup Quantity to Time Period/Permanent

The new policy will take effect only for the new backups generated. Backups
generated based on the old policy will not be automatically deleted

Example: A user has a vault associated with a disk. At 10:00 a.m. on Monday, the
user applies a backup policy to the vault, based on which a backup task will be
executed at 02:00 a.m. every day and three most recent backups will be kept. At
10:00 a.m. on Thursday, three backups are kept. Then the user changes the
retention rule type from backup quantity to time period and sets to retain the
backups from the last one month. The new policy takes effect immediately. If the
user then perform manual backups or wait until the system automatically create a
backup at 02:00 a.m. on Friday, the system will verify and use the latest retention
rule after the backup task is complete. The three backups generated based on the
old policy still exist (the number of backups does not exceed the quantity set in
the old retention rule). They will not be automatically deleted and need to be
manually deleted if needed. Backups generated based on the new policy will be
kept based on the new retention rule.

Rule Type Changed from Time Period to Time Period/Permanent

The new policy will take effect only for the new backups generated. Backups
generated based on the old policy will be kept based on the old policy.

Example: A user has a vault associated with a disk. At 10:00 a.m. on August 5, the
user applies a backup policy to the vault, based on which a backup task will be
executed at 02:00 a.m. every day and the backups generated from the last one
month will be kept. At 10:00 a.m. on August 8, three backups are kept. Then the
user changes the backup retention time from the last one month to the last three
months. At 02:00 a.m. on September 6, the backup generated on August 6 based
on the old policy will be deleted. The backup generated on August 9 will be
deleted two months later based on the new policy.

Rule Type Changed from Time Period to Backup Quantity

Both the old and new policies will take effect for the backups generated based on
the old policy.

New policy taking effect for old backups

Example: A user has a vault associated with a disk. At 10:00 a.m. on August 5, the
user applies a backup policy to the vault, based on which a backup task will be
executed at 02:00 a.m. every day and the backups generated from the last one
month will be kept. At 10:00 a.m. on August 8, three backups are kept. Then the
user changes the retention rule type from time period to backup quantity and sets
to retain the most recent seven backups. At 10:00 a.m. on August 15, the backups
generated on August 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 will be kept. The backups
generated on August 6, 7, and 8 have been deleted based on the new policy.

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FAQs 5 Policies

Old policy taking effect for old backups

Example: A user has a vault associated with a disk. At 10:00 a.m. on August 5, the
user applies a backup policy to the vault, based on which a backup task will be
executed at 02:00 a.m. every day and the backups generated from the last three
days will be kept. At 10:00 a.m. on August 8, three backups are kept. Then the
user changes the retention rule type from time period to backup quantity and sets
to retain the most recent seven backups. At 10:00 a.m. on August 10, the backups
generated on August 8, 9, and 10 will be kept. The backups generated on August
6 and 7 have been deleted based on the old policy.

5.3 How Do I Back Up Multiple Resources at a Time?

1. Log in to CBR Console and click Cloud Server Backups or Cloud Disk
Backups on the left navigation pane. On the displayed page, purchase a
backup vault. It is recommended that the capacity of the vault be at least
twice the total size of resources to be backed up.
2. Associate resources with the vault during or after the purchase.
3. After the resources are associated, choose More > Perform Backup in the
Operation column of the target vault. You can manually back up two or more
resources at a time.
Alternatively, you can set a backup policy for the vault. In this way, the system
will automatically back up the associated resources at the scheduled time.

5.4 How Do I Retain My Backups Permanently?

Manual Backups
You can permanently keep backups that you manually created as long as you do
not delete them and your account balance is sufficient.

Automatic Backups
To keep automatically generated backups permanently, set Retention Rule to
Permanent or set the retention period to 99999 days and make sure your account
balance is sufficient.

5.5 How Can I Cancel Auto Backup or Auto

Replication?
To cancel auto backup or auto replication, remove the policy from the vault, or
disable the policy.

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5.6 How Can I Have the System Automatically Delete

Backups That I No Longer Need?
1. Log in to CBR Console and purchase a backup vault. Set an appropriate vault
capacity by referring to How Large of a Vault Do I Need?
2. Associate resources with the vault during or after the purchase.
3. Go to the Policies page to configure a backup policy. You are advised to set
the backup execution time at off-peak hours, for example, early in the
morning. Set the backup retention rule as needed. If your vault capacity is
small, set a small value for the number of backups to be kept or the days that
backups will be retained. Ensure that the vault has enough space to keep all
backups automatically generated based on the policies before the retention
rule takes effect. Or, auto backup will fail, and the quantity-based retention
rule may not take effect. Retention rules are not applied to manual backups.
4. Apply the backup policy to your vault. The system will back up the resources
associated with the vault at the specified time and keep backups based on the
retention rule.

5.7 Why Aren't My Backups Deleted Based on the

Retention Rule?
1. The policy applied to the vault is not enabled. Go to the Policies page to
enable the policy.
2. The policy's retention rule was changed during the backup execution. For
details, see Why Does the Retention Rule Not Take Effect After Being
Changed?

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FAQs 6 Optimization

6 Optimization

6.1 What Are Common Problems During Cloud-Init

Installation?
You are advised to install Cloud-Init after the restoration to ensure the new server
restored by using backups support custom configurations.
For details about how to install Cloud-Init, see Installing Cloud-init.
For details about how to configure Cloud-Init, see Configuring Cloud-init.
This section illustrates the FAQs encountered when installing Cloud-Init and their
solutions.

Ubuntu 16.04/CentOS 7: Failed to Set Cloud-Init Automatic Start

● Symptom
After Cloud-Init is installed, run the following command to set Cloud-Init
automatic start:
systemctl enable cloud-init-local.service cloud-init.service cloud-
config.service cloud-final.service
Information similar to the following is displayed:

Figure 6-1 Failed to set Cloud-Init automatic start

● Solution
a. Run the following command:
systemctl unmask cloud-init-local.service cloud-init.service cloud-
config.service cloud-final.service
b. Run the following commands to set automatic start again:
systemctl enable cloud-init-local.service cloud-init.service cloud-
config.service cloud-final.service

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c. Run the following commands to check the Cloud-Init status:

systemctl status cloud-init-local.service cloud-init.service cloud-
config.service cloud-final.service
As shown in the following figures, failed is displayed and all services are
in the inactive state.
This is because the address that the system uses to access Cloud-Init is
redirected to /usr/bin/, but the actual installation path is /usr/local/bin.

Figure 6-2 Checking Cloud-Init status

Figure 6-3 Checking Cloud-Init status

d. Run the cp /usr/local/cloud-init /usr/bin/ command to copy the cloud-

init file to the usr/bin directory, and then run the following command to
restart Cloud-Init:
# systemctl restart cloud-init-local.service cloud-init.service cloud-
config.service cloud-final.service

Figure 6-4 Restarting Cloud-Init

e. Run the following commands to check the Cloud-Init status:

systemctl status cloud-init-local.service cloud-init.service cloud-
config.service cloud-final.service

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Ubuntu14.04: chkconfig and systemctl Not Installed

● Symptom
chkconfig is not installed.
● Solution
Run the following commands to install chkconfig:
# apt-get update
# apt-get install sysv-rc-conf
# cp /usr/sbin/sysv-rc-conf /usr/sbin/chkconfig
After the installation completes, run the following command to query the
Cloud-Init version:
cloud-init -v
Information similar to the following is displayed:
-bash:/usr/bin/cloud-init:not found this command

Solution: Run the following command to copy the cloud-init file to the
usr/bin directory:
# cp /usr/local/bin/cloud-init /usr/bin/

Debian 9.5: Failed to Query the Cloud-Init Version and Set Automatic Start
1. After Cloud-Init is installed, run the following command to query its version:
cloud-init -v
Information similar to the following is displayed:
-bash:/usr/bin/cloud-init:not found this command

Solution: Run the # cp /usr/local/bin/cloud-init /usr/bin/ command to copy

the cloud-init file to the usr/bin directory.
2. Run the cloud-init init --local command.
Information similar to the following is displayed:

Figure 6-5 Information returned when Cloud-Init automatic start is

successfully set

Cause analysis: The compilation fails because the GNU compiler collection
(GCC) is not installed.
Solution:
After GCC is installed, run the following command to install Cloud-Init:
yum -y install gcc
3. After Cloud-Init is installed, run the following command to set Cloud-Init
automatic start:
systemctl enable cloud-init-local.service cloud-init.service cloud-
config.service cloud-final.service
Information similar to the following is displayed:

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Figure 6-6 Failed to set Cloud-Init automatic start

Solution:
a. Run the following command:
# systemctl unmask cloud-init-local.service cloud-init.service cloud-
config.service cloud-final.service
b. Run the following commands to set automatic start again:
# systemctl enable cloud-init-local.service cloud-init.service cloud-
config.service cloud-final.service
c. Run the following command to restart Cloud-Init:
# systemctl restart cloud-init-local.service cloud-init.service cloud-
config.service cloud-final.service
Run the systemctl status command to check the Cloud-Init status.
Information similar to the following is displayed:

Figure 6-7 Checking the Cloud-Init status

CentOS 7/Fedora 28: Required C Compiler Not Installed

● Symptom
After Cloud-Init is installed, run the following command:
cloud-init init --local
The following information is displayed:
/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Cheetah/Compiler.py:1532: UserWarning:
You don't have the C version of NameMapper installed! I'm disabling Cheetah's useStackFrames
option as it is painfully slow with the Python version of NameMapper. You should get a copy of
Cheetah with the compiled C version of NameMapper.
"\nYou don't have the C version of NameMapper installed!
● Possible Cause
This alarm is generated because the C version of NameMapper needs to be
compiled when installing Cloud-Init. However, GCC is not installed in the

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system, and the compilation cannot be performed. As a result, the C version

of NameMapper is missing.
● Solution
Run the following command to install GCC:
yum -y install gcc
Reinstall Cloud-Init.

CentOS 7/Fedora: Failed to Use the New Password to Log In to the Server
Created from a Backup After Cloud-Init Is Successfully Installed
● Symptom
After Cloud-Init is installed, the new password cannot be used to start the
new server. After logging in to the server using the old password, you find the
NIC is not started.

Figure 6-8 NIC not started

● Solution
Log in to the server, open the DHCP configuration file /etc/sysconfig/
network-scripts/ifcfg-ethX, and comment out HWADDR.

6.2 What Can I Do If Injecting the Key or Password

Using Cloud-Init Fails After NetworkManager Is
Installed?
A major cause is that the version of Cloud-Init is incompatible with that of
NetworkManager. In Debian 9.0 and later versions, NetworkManager is
incompatible with Cloud-Init 0.7.9.

Solution
Uninstall the current version of Cloud-Init and install Cloud-Init 0.7.6 or an earlier
version.

For details, see Installing Cloud-Init.

6.3 What Can Cloud-Init Do?

Cloud-Init initializes specified custom configurations, such as the host name, key,
and user data, of a newly created server.

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Installation Methods
You are advised to install Cloud-Init or Cloudbase-Init on the server restored by
using backups.
● For Windows OSs, download and install Cloudbase-Init.
For details about how to install Cloudbase-Init, see Installing Cloudbase-Init.
● For Linux OSs, download and install Cloud-Init.
For details about how to install Cloud-Init, see Installing Cloud-Init.
For details about how to configure Cloud-Init, see Configuring Cloud-Init.

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7 Others

7.1 Is There a Quota for CBR Vaults?

No. You can create as many vaults as needed.

7.2 Can I Merge My Vaults?

No. Vaults cannot be merged.

You can expand the capacity of one vault and migrate the resources from another
vault to it.

7.3 How Do I Delete a Backup That Has Been Used to

Create an Image While Retaining the Image?
Use the image to create a server and the server to create another image. Delete
the original image and then you can delete the backup.

7.4 What Can I Do If the Vault Capacity Is Not Enough?

If the storage capacity of a vault is used up, the system will not continue to back
up your resources. New backups will never overwrite previous backups. Take the
following measures when the storage capacity of your vault is not enough:

1. Locate the target vault and delete unwanted backups by following

instructions in Deleting a Backup.
2. If you want to retain the generated backups, expand the vault. For details, see
Expanding a Vault.
3. If a backup policy has been applied to the vault, disable the backup policy or
remove the policy from the vault. For details, see Disabling a Backup Policy
and Removing a Policy from a Vault. Then, automatic backup is disabled,
and the storage capacity of the vault will not change. Alternatively, you can
prolong the automatic backup interval or reduce the number of backups to be

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retained by editing the backup policy, or reduce the number of servers

associated with the vault.

7.5 Will Backup Continue If the Usage of a Vault

Reaches the Upper Limit?
If the usage of a vault just reached the upper limit, or has not reached yet but its
remaining capacity is insufficient for the next backup, backup can still be executed
for once.

However, backup stops once the usage of the vault exceeds the upper limit.

7.6 Can I Export Disk Backup Data to Another Server?

You can export disk backup data by creating a new disk using a disk backup and
then attaching the new disk to a server.

7.7 How Can I Reduce My Vault Capacity?

You can directly reduce your vault capacity on the console. Only pay-per-use vaults
can have their capacity reduced currently.

On CBR Console, locate the target vault and choose More > Reduce Capacity in
the Operation column. Ensure that the new capacity is greater than or equal to
the used capacity.

7.8 Why Do I Need a Vault to Accept the Image Shared

to Me?
Before accepting a shared full-ECS image, you need a vault to store the image.
Later, this vault is used to store the ECSs provisioned.

An accepted full-ECS image does not occupy the vault space. Do not delete this
vault. Or, ECSs will fail to be provisioned using the accepted image.

7.9 Can I Download Backup Data to a Local PC?

No. CBR backup data cannot be downloaded to a local PC.

7.10 How Do I Copy Disk Data to Another Account?

If two accounts are in the same region, you can use backup sharing of CBR to
copy disk data to another account. For details, see Sharing a Backup. If two
accounts are not in the same region, data sharing between accounts is not
allowed.

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7.11 What Should I Do If I Receive an Email or SMS

Message Indicating a Backup Failure?
If you receive such an email or SMS message, a backup task has failed in one or
more vaults in a region.
There is a delay in sending emails or SMS messages. You will receive the
notification the next day after the backup fails. If you have dealt with the capacity
issue (expanding capacity or taking other measures) and ensure that the vault
capacity is normal, ignore the email and SMS message.
Log in to CBR Console, go to the region prompted in the notification, and check
whether there are vaults whose progress bars in the Vault Capacity column are
displayed in red. If yes, take measures mentioned in What Can I Do If the Vault
Capacity Is Insufficient?

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