K5 UFO

KOLIDA K5 UFO Positioning System

User Manual

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Contents
Contents..................................................................................................................................... - 2 -
ChapterⅠ Preface .................................................................................................................... - 4 -
§1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... - 4 -
§1.2 Applications ............................................................................................................... - 4 -
§1.3 Main Features ............................................................................................................ - 5 -
ChapterⅡ Hardware Component ............................................................................................. - 8 -
§2.1 Front Components ..................................................................................................... - 8 -
§2.2 Rear Components ...................................................................................................... - 9 -
§2.3 Bottom Components .................................................................................................. - 9 -
ChapterⅢ Hardware Operation.............................................................................................. - 11 -
§3.1 Power on/off ............................................................................................................ - 11 -
§3.2 Check working mode............................................................................................... - 11 -
§3.3 Work mode and data link selection .......................................................................... - 12 -
§3.4 USB and WIFI mode selection ................................................................................ - 14 -
§3.5 Self-check..................................................................................................................-14 -
§3.6 Factory reset ............................................................................................................ - 15 -
ChapterⅣ Web UI Management ............................................................................................ - 16 -
§4.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. - 16 -
§4.2 Access by WiFi ........................................................................................................ - 16 -
§4.3 Access by USB ........................................................................................................ - 17 -
§4.4 Web UI main interface ............................................................................................. - 22 -
§4.4.1 Status ............................................................................................................ - 23 -
§4.4.2 Configuration................................................................................................ - 25 -
§4.4.3 Satellite Information ..................................................................................... - 34 -
§4.4.4 Data Record .................................................................................................. - 37 -
§4.4.5 Data Transfer ................................................................................................ - 38 -
§4.4.6 Network Config ............................................................................................ - 46 -
§4.4.7 Radio Config ................................................................................................ - 52 -
§4.4.8 Firmware Update .......................................................................................... - 54 -
§4.4.9 Track Manage ............................................................................................... - 57 -
§4.4.10 Coordinate System(reserve) ....................................................................... - 59 -
§4.4.11 Online Service(reserve) .............................................................................. - 60 -
§4.4.12 User Management ....................................................................................... - 61 -
§4.4.13 Help ............................................................................................................ - 61 -
ChapterⅤ Data Collector X11 ............................................................................................... - 62 -
§5.1 Basic introduction to the handheld .......................................................................... - 62 -
§5.2 Bluetooth Connection .............................................................................................. - 64 -

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§5.3 Software installation and connecting....................................................................... - 66 -
ChapterⅥ External Radio ...................................................................................................... - 68 -
§6.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. - 68 -
§6.2 Frequency Table ...................................................................................................... - 69 -
§6.3 Radio Appearance.................................................................................................... - 69 -
§6.4 Radio Interfaces ....................................................................................................... - 70 -
§6.5 Transmitting Antenna .............................................................................................. - 71 -
§6.6 Application Notice ................................................................................................... - 71 -
ChapterⅦ Accessories ........................................................................................................... - 72 -
§7.1 Instrument Case ....................................................................................................... - 72 -
§7.2 Batteries ................................................................................................................... - 72 -
§7.3 Charger&Adapter .................................................................................................... - 73 -
§7.3.1 Charger ......................................................................................................... - 73 -
§7.3.2 Adapter ......................................................................................................... - 73 -
§7.4 External power tool ................................................................................................. - 74 -
§7.5 Differential Antennas............................................................................................... - 75 -
§7.6 Cables ...................................................................................................................... - 75 -
§7.7 Other Accessories .................................................................................................... - 76 -
ChapterⅧ Measuring Operation ............................................................................................ - 78 -
§8.1 Static Operation ....................................................................................................... - 78 -
§8.1.1 Static Measurements Profile ......................................................................... - 78 -
§8.1.2 Operating Procedures ................................................................................... - 79 -
§8.1.3 Field Operation Notes................................................................................... - 79 -
§8.1.4 GPS Net Design............................................................................................ - 80 -
§8.1.5 Antenna Height Measurement ...................................................................... - 81 -
§8.2 RTK measurement ................................................................................................... - 83 -
§8.2.1 By using radio (Internal radio) ..................................................................... - 83 -
§8.2.2 By using radio (external radio) ..................................................................... - 93 -
§8.2.3 By using internet (Network) ......................................................................... - 96 -
§8.2.4 By using internet (WIFI) ............................................................................ - 100 -
ChapterⅨ Hardware Registration ........................................................................................ - 103 -
ChapterⅩ Firmware Update ................................................................................................ - 104 -
Appendix A K5 UFO technical specifications....................................................................... - 106 -
Appendix B Hx-U202 radio technical specifications ............................................................ - 109 -
Appendix C Technical Terms ................................................................................................ - 111 -
FCC Statement ...................................................................................................................... - 113 -

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Chapter Ⅰ Preface
Read this chapter, you will have a brief knowledge of KOLIDA Company and K5 UFO
measurement system.

§1.1 Introduction

Welcome to KOLIDA Surveying Instruments Co., Ltd, which is China’s leading manufacturer of
surveying equipment including GNSS receivers and Total Stations. To know more about KOLIDA,
please visit our official website http://www.kolidainstrument.com/

This manual takes K5 UFO positioning system for example, to explain how to install, set up and
uses the RTK system as well as the use of the accessories. We recommend that you read these
instructions carefully before using the instrument.

§1.2 Applications

Control Survey: dual-band (dual-frequency) system static measurements can accurately complete
the high-precision deformation observation, photo-control point measurement.
Highway Survey: quickly complete the encryption of the control points, road topographic
mapping, cross-section measurement, profile measurement with EGStar.
CORS Application: provide more stable and convenient data link for field operations. It is
seamlessly compatible with all types of domestic CORS applications.
Data acquisition measurement: perfect match KOLIDA various measurement software to do
quick and easy data acquisition.
Stakeout shot: large-scale point, line, plane lofting.
Electric Power Measurement: power line measurement orientation, ranging, angle calculation.
Marine application: oceanographic research, dredging, piling, inserted row, making the marine
operations more convenient and easy.

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§1.3 Main Features

Intelligent Platform

New generation of embedded Linux operating system platform improves RTK performance and
work efficiency. Its operating efficiency is higher; a unique core processing mechanism which can
respond to more than one command at one time; it starts faster and more responsive in real time.
While the stability of system is much higher, it can be adapt to the job of longer uninterrupted
power.

Internal Web UI management

Embedded Web UI management platform supports WIFI and USB mode connection. Users can
monitor the receiver status and configure it via the internal Web UI management platform.

Bluetooth

K5 UFO is equipped with dual-mode Bluetooth v4.0 standard which is able to connect the other
smart devices and compatible with Bluetooth v2.1 standard. It not only enlarges the work range
but also makes the data communication become more stable.

WiFi

As the new feature and technology adopted on K5 UFO, it not only can be used as data link to
access to internet, but also can be as a hotspot which can be accessed by any other smart devices
to configure the receiver.

Advanced InBuilt UHF module

K5 UFO adopts new and excellent datalink system, which is compatible with current radio
protocols in the market, and realizes the random switching of the radio range 410MHZ-470MHZ
and the power level as well.

Upgraded network module

Standard 4G module is integrated which supports WCDMA/CDMA2000/TDD-LTE/FDD-LTE

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4G network and downward compatible with 3G GPRS/EDGE. Also supports all kinds of network
types to access CORS seamlessly.

Dual battery hot swappable

The new K5 UFO has two battery slots, which makes the working hours double than the previous
mode. And the batteries are hot swappable.

Speed Dial

Smart PPP dialing technology can auto dial which makes the K5 UFO keeping online continuously
during the survey.

Intelligent Interaction

Support to access the internal web UI manage page of receiver with WiFi and USB connection,
monitor host state real-time, configure receiver freely.

Smart Voice Guide

The customizable iVoice technology is allowed to customize your local language. Multi-lingual
and clear-tone messages enable users to understand the critical information and status of receiver
such as network connection, solution status, working mode and more, which definitely helps to
improve work efficiency by being acknowledged.

Full Constellations Tracking

Equipped with most advanced GNSS boards, K5 UFO can track most signal from all kinds of
running satellite constellation, especially support B1,B2 and B3 signal from BeiDou, also get
position result with only BeiDou signal.

Huge capacity power support

An useful external power package is supported which can load 4 standard batteries and provide
up to 28 hours of power. It also can display the remaining power in real time.

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Intelligent Storage

The raw data including STH, Rinex2.01 and Rinex3.02 not only can be saved in the internal
memory (8G SSD), but also can be stored into an external USB device (OTG).

The configurable sample frequency is really up to 50Hz.

Amazing Housing

K5 UFO, with and innovative design, is built with magnesium alloy materials. And the top edge
is design to decrease harm for receiver in case of falling down onto ground.

NFC Function

The internal NFC module can make the complicated Bluetooth communication more easy and
simple.

Cloud Service

The function enable realize online upgrade and register, remote diagnosis in real-time

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ChapterⅡ Hardware Component

Reading this chapter, you can grasp the components, installation and the function of
K5 UFO positioning system

§2.1 Front Components

①
④ ⑦
② ③
⑤ ⑥ ⑧

Ref Component Description

① GNSS Antenna Grasps satellites signals

② Function Button Switch the working mode, data link and USB mode

③ Power Button Power on/off receiver, mode switching button

④ Satellites Indicator Flashes in red to indicate that the satellites are tracking

⑤ Data Indicator UHF mode: Flashes in red to indicate that the signal is
receiving/transmitting with the interval
Network mode: 1) Rapidly flashes in red to indicate that the
receiver is dialing; 2) Flashes in red with the signal
receiving/transmitting interval when successful dial
WiFi mode: 1) Rapidly flashes in red to indicate that the receiver
is establishing WiFi connection; 2) Flashes in red with the signal
receiving/transmitting interval when successful connection
⑥ Bluetooth Indicator Glows in red to indicate that Bluetooth connection has established
between controller and receiver
⑦ WIFI Indicator It will show the receiver’s wifi status

⑧ Power Indicator It will show the receiver’s power status

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§2.2 Rear Components

Ref Component Description

NFC label The place of NFC paired where we can stick controller to
①
SN label Apply for a registration code, Bluetooth ID
②

§2.3 Bottom Components

③
② ④
⑤ ①
⑥

⑦
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Ref Component Description

① Dual battery slot 1 Put battery and insert SIM card

SIM card slot
② Dual battery slot 2 Put battery

③ Antenna port Install UHF antenna and Network antenna

④ Speaker Mode setting and working status prompt

⑤ Screw hole Fix the mainframe to the tribrach or the pole

⑥ 7-pin port USB port, OTG interface and Ethernet port

⑦ 5-pin port 1), As a power port connected with an external power

supply device; 2), as a differential transmission port
connected with an external radio; 3), as a serial port to
check data output and debug

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ChapterⅢ Hardware Operation

§3.1 Power on/off

Power on
Press the power button for once, all the indicators glow in red, after few seconds (around 10
seconds), the instrument completes initializing along with voice prompt about the working mode
(for example, “Rover, internal radio mode”). After a while, instrument starts to track satellites.

Power off
Press the power button and hold for a while, after 3 beeps and the “Power off” voice prompt at the
third beeping, release power button, the instrument will switch off.

§3.2 Check working mode

Press the power button for once in the state of power-on, the instrument will prompt with voice
message about current working mode (for example, “Rover, internal radio mode”).

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§3.3 Work mode and data link selection

Work mode
Press F key once, the bluetooth, data and satellites indicators will blink together, and K5 UFO will
say “start to set work mode”, at this moment, press power key once to confirm, and then press F
key one by one, K5 UFO will say “base mode, rover mode and static mode” one by one, when
you hear the working mode you need, press power key to confirm.

Data link
After confirming the work mode, for example, we set the K5 UFO into base mode previously.
Press F key once, the bluetooth, data and satellites indicators will blink together, and K5 UFO will
say “start to set work mode”, at this moment, press F key once again, K5 UFO will say “select
data link”, and then press power key once to confirm, and then press F key one by one, K5 UFO
will say “base internal radio mode, base gprs mode, base external mode and base wifi mode” one
by one, when you hear the data link you need, press power key to confirm.

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After that, press the power button for once to make sure if the working mode is correctly setup.

§3.4 USB and WIFI mode selection

USB mode
Press F key once, the bluetooth, data and satellites indicators will blink together, and K5 UFO will
say “start to set work mode”, at this moment, press F key one bye one until K5 UFO says “start to
set USB mode”, and then press power key once to confirm, and then press F key one by one, K5
UFO will say “USB disk, USB network port mode” one by one, when you hear the USB mode
you need, press power key to confirm.

USB disk is used to connect K5 UFO’s internal memory; USB network port mode is used to
connect to K5 UFO’s WEB UI by cable connection

WIFI mode
Press F key once, the bluetooth, data and satellites indicators will blink together, and K5 UFO will
say “start to set work mode”, at this moment, press F key one bye one until K5 UFO says “set
WIFI working mode”, and then press power key once to confirm, and then press F key one by one,
K5 UFO will say “Access point mode, Client mode” one by one, when you hear the WIFI mode

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you need, press power key to confirm.

Access point mode is for K5 UFO to allow other devices to connect K5 UFO’s WEB UI by WIFI
connection; Client mode is for K5 UFO to connect other WIFI hot spot so that it’ll have access to
the internet.

§3.5 Self-check

Self-check is an useful operation to simply check the main hardware components if the instrument
is abnormal or not working properly.

Press and hold the power button for about 10 seconds and pass over the state of power off and
mode selection (do not release the button even the instrument says power off and start to set work
mode), then K5 UFO will say “start to self-check”, at this moment, release power button, the
instrument will perform self-check automatically for the modules one by one.

The sequence of modules checking is:

 OEM board checking
 Network module checking (Network module checking)
 UHF module checking
 Sensors checking
 WiFi module checking
 Bluetooth module checking

If all the modules are normal during self-check, the instrument will get into the state of power-on.

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§3.6 Factory reset

Press and hold the power button for about 20 seconds and pass over the foregoing states (power
off, self-check), K5 UFO will get into factory reset progress with voice message saying “start to
restore factory default”, at this moment, release power button, the instrument will perform factory
reset automatically. After this progress complete, the instrument will restart automatically with the
factory default settings.

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ChapterⅣ Web UI Management

§4.1 Overview

Because of using the smart embedded Linux operating system and KOLIDA intelligent cloud
technology, the web UI allows users to configure and monitor the status of K5 UFO in real-time.
The accessing way is not only by WiFi connection, but also can be USB mode.

§4.2 Access by WiFi

The WIFI hotspot is default broadcasted by K5 UFO, search the WIFI hotspot which named with
KOLIDA_xxxx using smartphone, tablet or laptop, then establish the WIFI connection, input the
default IP (10.1.1.1) into broswer, on the login interface, apply “admin” for the username and
password.
For example, search the WIFI hotspot broadcasted by a K5 UFO receiver using a laptop PC,
choose the WIFI hotspot and click on connect button to establish the connection without password.

Run IE broswer on computer and input the default IP (10.1.1.1) into address bar, after a while, the

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system login interface is refreshed, then apply “admin” for username and password to login.

IP Address: 10.1.1.1

Username: admin
Password: admin

§4.3 Access by USB

On this mode, the USB port (7-pin) of K5 UFO must work as an Ethernet port, then internal web
UI shall be accessed via USB cable connection with computer.
First of all, a corresponding driver is required to install to the computer, then this function could
be activated.
Due to different operating system is installed on computer, the drivers should be applied to a
suitable one. The file bugvista64.inf is applied to 64bit operating system, and linux.inf is for 32bit
operating system.
Make sure that the USB port (7-pin) is switched into USB network port (please refer to section
3.5, USB mode setting).

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Choose the folder which contains the drivers

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NOTE: The driver can be downloaded from official website automatically or please contact with
us for more supports.

If the driver has been successfully installed, the USB port of K5 UFO will be recognized as Linux
USB Ethernet/RNDIS Gadget, and a local area connection will generate in Network
Connections on the computer. For example, Local Area Connection 138 generates after
connecting K5 UFO receiver to computer via USB Ethernet port.

However, sometimes the computer cannot detect the receiver by USB Ethernet port because there
is something wrong with acquiring IP automatically, therefore, we need to do something to avoid
such problem, that is to set a fixed LAN IP for the connection:
Right click on the local area connection which newly generates, choose properties to call out the
local area connection properties window.

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Then double click on Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) option or click on properties button
to call out Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) properties window, set the fixed LAN IP address
as shown in following, then click OK button and confirm the settings, return to the IE browser and
use the IP address 192.168.155.155 to access the internal web UI.

Run IE broswer on computer and input the default IP (192.168.155.155) into address bar, after a
while, the system login interface is refreshed, then apply “admin” for username and password to
login.

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IP Address: 192.168.155.155

Username: admin
Password: admin

Remote Login
If users would like to remote login the web UI of K5 UFO, then K5 UFO has to connect to the
internet and forward its 80 port to the public network. For example, if the IP address 222.196.35.76
is the public network IP which K5 UFO has connected, and the 80 port of K5 UFO has been
bounded with 8000 in public network, then users can input the public network IP address into IE
explorer along with the forwarding port for login. (http:// 222.196.35.76:8000)

NOTE: The IE explorer is recommended to use for the Web UI login.

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§4.4 Web UI main interface

After login the Web UI management of K5 UFO by WIFI or USB connection, the main interface
appears with displaying configuration items and positioning. As shown at following figures.

In the Web UI home page, the configuration items are listed at left side. And the positioning
informaiton including coordinates information and satellites are diplayed at right side.
Ref Component Description
Status Positioning information, satellite tracking and the others will be
displayed in this page
Configuration It contains registration for receiver, base configuration, antenna
configuration, satellite configuration, receiver configuration
and system configuration.
Satellite Information Display and control the satellites are used or not

Data Record Configure the parameters for static mode and raw data
download
Data Transfer Contains NTRIP configuration, TCP/IP configuration and data
transferring with PC

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Network Config Contains network parameters configuration, WIFI
configuration and the other functions
Radio Config Configure the parameters and frequency for radio modem

Firmware Update It is used to upgrade the firmware for receiver and each modem

Track Manage Record track file while doing measurement

Coordinate System Setup a local coordinate system for K5 UFO

Online Service Upload data onto a server in real-time

User Management Add and manage the Web UI users

Help Offers solutions

§4.4.1 Status

System Information, Work Status and Position Information are listed under Status menu.
System Information
In this page, all the information of K5 UFO is diplayed such as serial number, hardware ID,
MAC address, firmware version and so on.

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Work Status
The physical state of K5 UFO such as working mode, datalink, host temperature, remaining power
and the free memory is obtained from this page

Position Information
In this page, users can be clear at a glance on current position information and satellite information

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§4.4.2 Configuration

General Config, Base Setup, Antenna Setup, Satellite Tracking, Receiver Operate and Default
Language are contained under Configuration menu. Users are able to configure all kinds of
parameters for K5 UFO under Configuration menu, and all the settings are immediate effect after
saving.
General Config
The registration for receiver working mode setting can be completed in this general configuration
page.

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If the code of K5 UFOhas expired or is going to be run out, please provide the serial number of
your K5 UFO for us to apply for another available code, then input the code into the blank or
register the receiver online.

K5 UFO allows users to setup the working mode and datalink from this Web UI that only need the
mobile phone or tablet PC is able to connect the wifi hotspot of K5 UFO.

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Work Mode: There are Rover, Base and Static contained in this dropdown list
Datalink: Pull down the list, there will be all kinds of options for datalink, such as radio, Network,
External, Bluetooth, WIFI and CSD.

Radio Route: This feature is used to transfer the correction which from the reference station to
the other rover by radio, the rovers will have the same reference coordindates. This is in the case
of working in some places where there is poor signals from reference station or there is only a
SIM card for a few rovers.
It is able to use internal radio or connect an external radio to transfer the correction.
This feature is only available on Rover mode.

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Rover
UHF
GPRS

Rover Rover

Operation:
1, choose “Inner Radio Route” and click “Enter” button to confirm the settings.

2, go to “Radio Config” page, check the channel, communication protocol and the frequency point
of each channel.

3, configure the datalink of the other rovers into internal UHF mode, then make sure the channel,
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protocol and frequency point are same as “Route” rover.
RadioTransfer: This is the function that K5 UFO is able to transfer the correction from Base
station to the other rovers with the internal UHF, definitely, K5 UFO can work as a radio repeater.

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UHF Rover UHF Rover

Rover
UHF

Operation:
1, check the box of “RadioTransfer” on “General Config” dialog for Base station.

2, open the same function for Rover in critical status (when the Rover is close to working distance
of Base internal UHF).

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3, configure the datalink of the other rovers into internal UHF mode, then make sure the channel,
protocol and frequency point are same as “Repeater” rover.

Note: please take in mind that the “Repeater” rover should keep away from Base station to avoid
signal interference.

RTK Record: This is used to enable raw data recording in base mode or rover mode for post-
processing
1 PPS: This option is for the 1 pulse per second output
EVENT: This option is for the EVENT marker input
EVENT Polarity: EVENT input method.

Base Setup
When K5 UFO works as a base, the basic configuration for base can be setup in this page. Users
can input the correct coordinates or capture a current position for the base. Also users can define
what kind of correction format is transmitted.

CMR ID/RTCM2.X ID/RTCM3.X ID: Users can specify the ID for transmitting correction.

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Position: Click this button to capture the coordinates for current position
Spare: This is used to the repeat station
Base Start Mode: Here contains 3 methods to start the Base, manually start base, automatically
start base by fixed point, automatically start base by current point.
Correction: Here contains the global general used correction formats including RTD,RTCM23,
RTCM30, RTCM32, CMR and SCMRx
POP Value: This value is setup for the PDOP limitation.
Status: Here will display the status for base in real-time.

Antenna Setup
The antenna parameters are configured in this page including the antenna height, measuring
method.

Antenna Height: This is the value for height of antenna while surveying.
Measuring Method: Here provides several methods for measuring the antenna height such as
carrier phase center, slant height, antenna edge, height plate and to the bottom.

Satellite Tracking
In this page, users can define the mask angle for satellite tracking, and check on the box of
corresponding band from the constellation that to use this band or not

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Receiver Operate
The page provides all kinds of operations to control the receiver such as self-check operation,
clean epochs, factory reset, reboot and power off.

Self-check: Users can also do the self-check from this configuration page, click on the Check all
button to check all the modems or click on the check button corresponding to the modem to check
one by one.
Clean EPH: Click this button to clear the remaining epochs to let recever track the satellites better.
Factory Default: Click this button to bring the receiver back to factory default setting.

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Reboot: Click this button to restart the receiver.
Power Off: Click this button to power off the receiver.

System Setup
This page is used to control Voice prompt, volume of voice, power saving, USB mode and the
default language for receiver.

Voice Prompt: Check on this box to turn on the voice guide for K5 UFO, uncheck it to turn off
the voice guid.
Voice Volume: Define the voice volume for K5 UFO’s speaker.
Power: Configure the receiver to use the power saving mode or not.
USB: This is used to configure K5 UFO what kind of USB mode output from 7-pin port when
connect the receiver with computer via USB cable. USB and network port for optional.
Default Language: Configure the default language for K5 UFO which associates with voice guid.
Note: This is not the language setup for web UI, the Web UI only supports Chinese and English.

TimeZone(h): Use this to setup the corresponding time zone for your country or area.

§4.4.3 Satellite Information

The “Satellite Information” provides all kinds of tables, graph and the skyplot to view the
information of tracking satellites. And it is allowed to configure to use which satellite in
constellation on/off page by checking on the corresponding box.
Tacking Table
Here is the table to list all current used satellites and the other information for these satellites.

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Tracking Chart
In this page, the histogram will indicate the signals from those used satellites, and allow to check
each constellation separately.

Skyplot
In this page, all the tracking satellires are shown on the skypolt, this let users intuitively view and
know where the current position of satellite is.

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GPS on/off
For all the running GNSS constellations or the augmentation system, K5 UFO allows to configure
to use which satellite or not.
In gnss on/off page, all the running satellites are listed, and unselect the box corresponding to the
satellite to not use it.

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§4.4.4 Data Record

The “Data Record” performance is mainly used to configure all the parameters for receiver in
static mode. Much more operations can be done on K5 UFO such as storage path, interval, data
format and data files download.
Recording Config
The page provides more practical operations for raw data storage.

Storage Option: Here are the options to be selected for where the raw data will be stored,
internal memory or external memory.
Interval: This is the sampling interval for data storage, 50Hz(0.02s) sampling interval now is
available for K5 UFO.
File Interval: This is used to define the data storage time for the static file.
Data Format: Here are 3 options to select for K5 UFO to store what kind of format data, STH,
Rinex2.0 and Rinex3.0.
Point Name: A point name is required, the last 4 digits of SN is default setting for the point
name.
Auto Delete: This is used to configure K5 UFO to delete the previous data files automatically if
the memory is full.
Format: Click this button to format the internal memory for K5 UFO.
Recording Mode: Here are 2 options to configure K5 UFO to record raw data automatically or
not if it achieves the sampling conditions.
Start/Stop: Click these buttons to start recording or strop recording the raw data.
Recording Status: Here shows the status of static data storage.

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Data Download
This page provides the data files to download
Choose the storage where the static data recorded, and file type, then click on the blank of
“Select Date” to choose what date the data was recorded and click “Get Data” button, all the
files recorded in the date you choose will show in the table, tap download button to download
the data files.

§4.4.5 Data Transfer

This performance contains General, Serial Port Config, TCP/IP Config, NTRIP Config and Data
Flow Config. The “Data Transfer” allows to configure the output mode for raw observation data
and differential data, as well as to the NTRIP performance configuration.
General
This page shows the service condition and the output contents of the ports, if the port item display in
green, that means the port is being used, and the port is not used while the item display in red.

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Serial port Config

This page is allowed to configure the baud rate, odd-even check and the data flow for serial port
(5-pin port) and Bluetooth.

CAUTION: do not change the default value in this page for each item, if you want to
change the settings, please contact with KOLIDA technician for further support.

In the dropdown list of data flow, there shows 4 items for selection.
Raw observation data: This is the raw observation data straight from OEM board.
Correction Data: This is the correction data straight from OEM board.
Navigation Data: This is the navigation data output from receiver such as NMEA-0183, GSV,
AVR, RMC and so on. It is configured in Data Flow Config page.
SIC Observation Data: This is the user-defined format observation data from KOLIDA.
OpenSIC Observation Data: This is the open version of KOLIDA user-defined format
observation data for secondary development.

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TCP/IP Config
This is used to configured the raw data or navigation data to be uploaded or transferred to a server.
And there are Caster and Server working mode for this performance.
Caster: If this working mode is selected, K5 UFO will be a client to upload the data to a specify
server if it connects to the internet by WIFI or Network connection with SIM card inserted. Input
the specified IP and port for server, and the data format what is uploaded. Then users are able to
see the uploaded data on server.
Server: K5 UFO will upload the data onto internet by the static WIFI if server is selected, then
users are able to obtain its dynamic data by accessing to K5 UFO through the IP from receiver.

NTRIP Config
This is used to configure the NTRIP performance while receiver is going to connect to internet.
K5 UFO supports complete NTRIP performance including NTRIP Client, NTRIP Server and
NTRIP Caster.

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NtripClient
This is the general used function for rover set in network mode. At the field of NtripClient, the
specify IP address, access port of reference station, as well as the assigned username and password
shall be input for the NTRIP connection.

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Status: This field will display the status of NTRIP connection, connect or disconnect.
Active: Check on this circle to activate this function.
Authentication Mode: This includes Eagle Mode, TCP/IP Mode and LARK Mode.
① Eagle Mode is KOLIDA standard mode, usually, this mode is used on the case of both Base
and Rover are using network mode.
② TCP/IP Mode is for private network use.
③ LARK Mode, which is a new technology on network use, it is similar to GSM dial. This mode
no longer rely on a CORS server that the corrections are transmitted by GPRS network.
Besides, it is different from the feature of Caster.

GPRS
GPRS
GPRS

The other fields are the standard configuration for NTRIP connection, IP, port, username and
password, after this information is input into the corresponding field, click on Get Point button to
download the source table from server, then choose a proper mountpoint to access.

NtripServer
This configuration is used in Base+network mode that Base station will transfer its correction onto
the server as long as it connects to internet, then Rover can download the base’s correction from
server for use. Or use the LARK mode.
Ntrip Version: This field provides NTRIPv1.0 and NTRIPv2.0 for optional.
Access Point: This field is allowed to user-defined the correction format which base will transfer
to the server, such as HHHH_RTCM30

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Operation on LARK
a) Setup the Base station on a known position or an unknown position.
b) Insert SIM cards into both Base and Rover receiver
c) Input the correct APN and the assigned username and password on Network Config page,
then make sure both of them have connected to internet.

d) Check the box of LARK for both Base and Rover, then we can notice that after checking

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LARK for Base, all the fields turn into grey and unable to input anything, and there is only
Mountpoint field available for Rover.
e) The key step is that input the Serial Number of Base into Mountpoint field, then click “Enter”
button to confirm all the settings.

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NtripCaster
This feature is finally realized on K5 UFO, the receiver is equivalent to a CORS system that it
generates and broadcasts the user-defined correction for rover if K5 UFO connects a static IP
address.
Port: This is the specify port for the access.
Access Point: This is mountpoint which can be user-defined.

Data Flow Config

In this page, users can optionally to configure the content and the update rate of data flow that to
output or not to output what kind of data format.
Click on the dropdown list for each data format to define the update rate

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§4.4.6 Network Config

The “Network Config” is able to configure the ways and the contents for internet access of K5
UFO. GSM/GPRS Config, CSD Config, WIFI Config, Bluetooth Config, Port Forwarding, Router
and Network Testing are under the list of Network Config.
GSM/GPRS Config
In this page, all the information of receiver under network mode will be displayed including the
hardware information and dialing status.
Status: The dialing status and hardware information are displayed in this field that users can
intuitively to view the signal of network, module model and the IMEI number of the module.
Parameter Config: The parameters of SIM card are input in this field including APN, assigned
username and password, dial mode.

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MSM Config
On this configuration dialog, input a phone number into the blank, K5 UFO will send text message
onto the phone which number is written.

CSD Config
CSD is the meaning of direct dial between Base and Rover with SIM card inserted (the CSD

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function should be activated on local SIM card), this function is mainly used in the area where
there is very poor internet signal coverage.
Status: This field displays the dialing status when CSD is used on K5 UFO.
Parameter Config: To enable the CSD function with checking the box of Enable option in this
field, then input the phone number for Rover and Base in CallNumber and LocalNumber.
Tips: please choose CSD as datalink for receiver in General Config.

WIFI Config
This is mainly used on the WIFI configuration for K5 UFO, there are AP mode and Client mode
for optional.
AP:
This is used to enable the WIFI hotspot for K5 UFO to broadcast for mobile terminals such as
smartphone or tablet to connect and access the Web UI.
Check the box of AP in Work Mode to enable the WIFI hotspot for K5 UFO, and define the SSID,
password, encryption method and broadcasting channel for WIFI connection.
DHCP IP Range: This is allowed to user-defined the IP for Web UI login.

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Client:
This option enables K5 UFO to search and connect the other WIFI hotspot which connects to the
internet, the receiver is able to download and use the mountpoint from reference station.
Client_SSID: This is the WIFI hotspot which K5 UFO is going to connect
Scan: Click this button to search the surrounding available WIFI hotspot.
Password: This is the password which the WIFI hotspot requires.
IP fields: If K5 UFO successfully connects to the WIFI, there will be an LAN IP address
generated by K5 UFO.
ClearSSID: Click this button to clear the SSID list.

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Bluetooth Config
In this page, users can view the information and connection status of Bluetooth, such the MAC of
Bluetooth, discoverable or not, the PIN code, and the connection devices in following table.

Port Forwarding
This page is mainly used to view and configure the internet transmission port for K5 UFO,
customize and debug receiver.

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NOTE: Usually we will keep the default setting in this page, if you would like to modify
it, please contact with KOLIDA technician for more supports.

Router
This is mainly used to view and configure the parameters for router, only under the condition of
customize and debug receiver.

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NOTE: Usually we will keep the default setting in this page, if you would like to modify
it, please contact with KOLIDA technician for more supports.
Network Testing
This function is mainly used to test network status for K5 UFO after logging on the internet.
How to do:
Input the IP address which K5 UFO already connected, then click PING button, the testing
information will be displayed in the following window.

§4.4.7 Radio Config

As the name implies, the parameters of radio can be done in “Radio Config”, it is divided into
Radio Parameter and Radio Frequency.
Radio Parameter
This page is mainly used to configure the parameters for internal radio module of K5 UFO.

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Air Baud Rate: This represents the data transmission rate in the air of internal radio, the higher
value, the bigger of data size transmitted per second, usually keep the default setting.
Data Baud Rate: This represents the rate of data transmission port of internal radio, this rate
should be the same in both Base and Rover. In general, the data baud rate of KOLIDA radio module
has been unified to be 19200, keep it as default.
Channel: This is the communication channels for internal UHF, the value of the channel must be
the same both in Base and Rover.
Power: This appears only in Base mode, the radio transmitting power is allowed to define in High,
Middle or Low power.
Protocol: This is radio communication protocol for data transmission, KOLIDA and TRIMTALK
are optional in this page and KOLIDA is the default setting, if it is changed, Base and Rover must
use the same protocol for communication.
Factory Default: Click this button to restore the factory default for internal UHF module.

Radio Frequency
For K5 UFO, the powerful internal radio module supports much more radio channels apply to the
legal frequency in different countries or areas.
There are 16 radio channels listed in this page after clicking on radio frequency. Users are able to
change the frequency freely in the channel spacing, click Restore button to bring the frequency of
each channel back to default setting.

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§4.4.8 Firmware Update

Update the latest firmware for receiver or for corresponding modems can be done in “Firmware
Update”.
Firmware Update
This page displays all the information of the firmware which current installed on K5 UFO, and
allows to update the latest version firmware for receiver. To get latest version firmware please
contact with KOLIDA technician.

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Online Update: K5 UFO supports to update the firmware online anytime if there is something
update or optimized.
Local Update: Update the latest firmware by using a firmware file.

How to upgrade the firmware with Local Update

a) Click on “Browse” button to load firmware file (Please take in mind that the firmware is
ended with .img as the extension name).

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b) And then click “Installation” button to start upgrading.

c) After the firmware is completed upgrading, a dialog will appear saying “Firmware updated
successfully! Host reboot, please log in later…”, then the receiver will restart automatically.

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SPECIAL REMIND: K5 UFO doesn’t support to update the firmware with the help of
INstar program any more, in the future, update the firmware for K5 UFO shall be done
through the Web UI.

Module Update
This page is used to update the firmware for corresponding modem such as OEM board, radio
module and sensor.

§4.4.9 Track Manage

K5 UFO now supports to record the track while doing measurement, and upload the data onto the

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server.
Parameter Setting

Record Setting
Check on the box of “RecordEnable” to activate track recording function, and choose a proper
recording interval in dropdown list of “RecordInterval”.

EchoEnable Setting
This configuration dialog is used to upload the recording data to a server in real-time.

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Data Download
On this page, users can download the track data file from receiver. Choose the recording date and
click “Get Data” to load all the data files recorded at that day, then choose the files and click
download button.

§4.4.10 Coordinate System(reserve)

K5 UFO allows users to setup the local coordinate system on internal web UI management. The
instrument would output the local coordinates according to this coordinate system.

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§4.4.11 Online Service(reserve)

This function is to upload the data onto a server real-time, including Navigation data, raw
observation data, correction data, SIC observation data and open SIC observation data.

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§4.4.12 User Management

This page is used to manage the authority of login Web UI for users, including the username,
password and add users.

§4.4.13 Help

In this page, users can get help and check the log book of receiver (the log book can help to
backtrack the working status of receiver).
NOTE: Only the administrator can modify any parameters for receiver and manage users, and the
ordinary users only have the right to view the relative parameters.

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ChapterⅤ Data Collector X11

§5.1 Basic introduction to the handheld

Here takes X11 for example (If you want to know more controller options, please contact local
agency or KOLIDA team directly), appearance of X11:

Standard Configuration Description

Li-ion Battery 7.2V/ 24.4Wh

Size 193x91x42mm(L*W*D)

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Waterproof/Dustproof IP67

Display Blanview TFT, LED backlighted

ROM 8GB, up to 32GB

X11 pro 72 channel,5MP camera

1. Charging
Connect the charger with collector by the USB Link cable to recharge.
Main Screen (Upper right corner) will show the Charging Icon in power off (on) status.(Once you
connect Collector with PC to recharge; the charging time will be longer).
2. Power on/off
Make sure that the battery is fully charged or you can connect the Collector to PC via the USB
Cable. (Collector should be with battery).
Press Power Key for 3-5 seconds to power on/off.
(If there is no any response from Collector or other unusual situations happened, press the Reset
Key besides the USB socket in the bottom of Collector with the Touch Screen Pen).
3. Connect to PC
Make sure that you’ve installed Microsoft ActiveSync 4.5 or higher version, if your computer
equipped with win7 or win8 system, please make sure that you have installed Windows Mobile
Device Center program.
Connect the Collector to PC via the Mini USB Data Cable.

Connection will be preceded automatically by Microsoft ActiveSync. Icon will turn green and
an interface of Setting will come out, you can just click “Cancel”. After this, you can manage and
edit the data in Collector.
4. Installing Program
Make sure that collector is synchronized with PC. Run the Installation file at PC side.
If the installation program is also suitable for collector, you can copy the installation program into
collector to install. You can just copy the folder into collector when you need.

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We suggest you installing programs into Flash Memory and save data into Storage Card.

5. Camera
Get into the Camera Mode by pressing the Camera Key for 3 or more seconds.
Press Camera Key to take a photo and click “OK” on the screen to save.

Note: If you want to know more information about X11, Please refer to X11 manual.

§5.2 Bluetooth Connection

The short-range wireless Bluetooth communication facilities are for the wireless exchange of
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information among a variety of Bluetooth-enabled devices.
Tap on the Start menu (Settings) → (control panel) to open (Bluetooth Device Manager). tap on
the(scanning device) after setting the Bluetooth device, and the surrounding Bluetooth devices
will be listed in the search list. And then input the passcode 1234 to have pair between controller
and receiver. As shown below:

After the pair, select an available com port for the receiver (usually COM 8 and COM 5 are OK).
As shown below:

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After the establishment of the virtual serial port, other applications can use the serial port for data
communication with a Bluetooth device.

§5.3 Software installation and connecting

Professional surveying and mapping software are made for measurement applications for different
industry:"EGStar", "Power Star", "Mapping Star", "Navigation Star” and so on. Here takes EGStar
for example:
EGStar is the specific software for K5 UFO measuring system, mainly for the collection and
calculation of the measuring points.
Before installing of EGStar, you need to install Microsoft Active Sync. After installing it on your
computer, connect handheld to computer with a cable, and install EGStar into the handheld, at the
same time, keep the mainframe power on, then set as follows:
Open EGStar software and enter the main interface. Click “OK” on the "prompt" window.

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1. "Configure" → "Port Config", in the "Port Configuration “dialog box, select the port “COM8
", with the same serial number which you use to connect the Bluetooth serial port service. Click
"OK." If the connection is successful, the status bar will display related data. If there is barrier,
exit EGStar to reconnect (If the above settings are correct, then link directly). Handheld connecting
with the host PC can do the follow-up measurement.

2. Or go to “Bluetooth Manager”, in this interface tap on “Search” button and the controller will
search the surrounding Bluetooth devices, select the correct serial number from the list and click
on “Connect” button, controller will connect to receiver without setting any COM port. If the
prompt message “Bluetooth connect success” appears, that means that controller has successfully
connected with receiver, then please check the Bluetooth indicator on receiver.

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ChapterⅥ External Radio

§6.1 Overview

The radio Hx-U202 is a high-speed semi-manual wireless data transmission radio, whose air
transfer rate can be up to 19200 bps and the RF transmitter power is larger, used in KOLIDA RTK
measurement system.
Radio Hx-U202 adopts GMSK modulation, 19200bps transfer rate, low bit error rate. RF
frequency can cover 450-470MHz band. Data transmission mode of Hx-U202 is transparent mode,
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that is, the received data is sent to the RTK GPS system unchanged.
Radio Hx-U202 data interface is a standard RS-232 interface, which can be connected to any RS-
232 terminal equipment for data exchange.
Hx-U202 digital radio research employs advanced radio frequency technology, digital signal
processing technology and baseband processing technology, carefully selected high quality
components to organize production, to ensure the long-term stable and reliable operation;
Have a forward error correction control, digital error correction function.
It has eight transmitting and receiving channels. Can be changed according to the actual use of the
channel frequency, transmit power adjustable interval is 0.5MHz.

§6.2 Frequency Table

Channel number Frequency（450-470MHz）

Channel 1 463.125
Channel 2 464.125
Channel 3 465.125
Channel 4 466.125
Channel 5 463.625
Channel 6 464.625
Channel 7 465.625
Channel 8 466.625

§6.3 Radio Appearance

① Control panel ②SN number

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Control Panel
Control panel lights display the status of the radio, the key operation is simple and convenient,
one-to-one interface can effectively prevent connection errors.

① Channel indicator light.

② Power indicator light,
③ ON / OFF power key: This key controls the unit's power switch. The red light on the left
indicates the power status of the machine.
④ TX red light indicator: This indicator flashes once per second means that the radio is
transmitting data with the transmitting interval in 1 second;
⑤ AMP PWR indicator: Indicates the level of radio power, light on indicates low-power, light off
indicates high-power
⑥ CHANNEL button: By pressing this switch, you can switch channels 1-8.

§6.4 Radio Interfaces

Mainframe Interface: 5-pin jack for connecting a GPS receiver and power supply

Antenna interface：For connecting the transmitter antenna

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Power switch (Shown in picture below): switch to adjust the radio power, AMP PWR lights on the
panel indicate the radio power level, light on indicates low power, lights off high power.

§6.5 Transmitting Antenna

The UHF transmitting antenna is particularly suitable for field use, the receiving antenna is
450MHz Omni-directional antenna, light and durable.

§6.6 Application Notice

The battery power is too low: When the flashing channel indicator appears on the control panel,
which means the lack of battery power, replace the battery in time, otherwise there would be data
link unstable or unable to launch.
Hx-U202 radio power supply: voltage 12-15V (typical 13.8V) RF transmitter power 25W, current
7.0A.
Radio transmits power: radio transmits power based on the voltage of the power supply, check the
voltage before use.
High and low power use: use low-power transmitter when low power can satisfy the operation as
high-power transmitter will exponentially consume battery power, excessive use will reduce
battery life. Install the radio station as high as possible.
Power corrugated coefficient: power ripple coefficient must be less than 40mV, the smaller the
ripple factor is, the smaller will the beam spectrum be and the higher communication quality will
be.
Power Connection: Power of positive and negative connected correctly.
Electromagnetic environment: Before using the radio, it is better to perform electromagnetic
environment measurement, to avoid the communications blackout.
Radio match antenna: the basic parameters of the antenna selection are the band width, frequency,
gain, directivity, impedance, VSWR and other indexes .Usually the effective bandwidth of the
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antenna is 3-5MHz,antenna selecting should be based on the frequency bands used by the to be
selected channel. For the long-distance transmission, it is better to use a directional antenna and
high-gain antenna, and pay attention to the impedance of the antenna and feeder to match with the
Radio Hx-U202 antenna interface (50 ohms).
We recommend:
Recommend that you use plug-in battery which is more than 12/36Ah,the use of maintain a
regulated current of 10A during the operation.
Recommend that you charge it in time, do not overuse the battery, otherwise it will reduce battery
life.
Recommend that you replace the batteries after six months to a year, to ensure the radio distance.

ChapterⅦ Accessories
§7.1 Instrument Case

The instrument case for K5 UFO contains two layers of packing: the inner layer is filled with anti-
collision foam, the host and other accessories can be dispersed and embedded; the outer layer is a
hard instrument case, sealing-strong, wear-resistant anti-wrestling. Compact, durable, can
effectively prevent the impact, easy to clean

§7.2 Batteries

2 pcs of large capacity Li-ion batteries are the standard configuration for K5 UFO that to make
sure K5Plus has enough power for whole day work.

Specifications of battery

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K5 UFO
Model: BTNF-L7408W
Capacity: 7.4V×3400mAh

§7.3 Charger&Adapter

§7.3.1 Charger

Model: CH-SA4012
INPUT: 12VDC-3A
OUTPUT: 1/2/3/4*8.4VDC---670mA
Please use the standard battery.

§7.3.2 Adapter

Model: RJT-AS120300C301
INPUT: 100-240V~50/60Hz 1.0A
OUTPUT: +12V---3A

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K5 UFO

NOTE: If CHARGE indicator glows in red, it indicates the battery is being charged, If
FULL indicator glows in green, it indicates the battery is full charged.

§7.4 External power tool (Optional)

K5 UFO is equipped with a professional battery package that ensures a long time continuous work.

①
②

③ ⑤

①——Indicators, the indicators indicates how much power remain by pressing the power button.
②——The combination batteries of K5 UFO installed into the portable power source
③—— Hang buckle, hang the battery package onto tripod
④—— 7-pin port, connect the cable with receiver for power supply.
⑤—— Power supply cable, this cable is used to connect the power source to receiver.

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K5 UFO

§7.5 Differential Antennas

GPRS Antenna

UHF Antenna

The differential antennas are as shown above;

If the receiver is set up to use network mode, the network antenna is required to install to the

interface at the bottom of the receiver.

The UHF differential antenna is required to install to the interface at the bottom of receiver if K5

UFO is set up into internal UHF mode.

§7.6 Cables

7-pin to USB cable

This cable is used to connect the receiver with computer for static data transmission, Web UI
accessing and firmware update.

USB, connect to
computer

7-pin end, connect to

receiver

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 K5 UFO
L7U50
7-pin to OTG cable
This cable is used to connect an external storage directly to K5 UFO for static data storage and
copy.

USB interface

L7U40
Communication cable
This cable is used to connect the receiver to computer for receiver debugging, differential data
checking and firmware update.
Serial port, connect to
computer
5-pin port, connect to receiver

L5930B

§7.7 Other Accessories

Other accessories include rover station centering rod, handheld bracket, base point,
connectors, measuring plate and measuring tape.

Measuring plate Measuring tape Support pole

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K5 UFO

Bracket for controllers Carbon fiber pole

NOTE: The models and types of accessories will vary with the instrument upgrade.

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ChapterⅧ Measuring Operation

Reading this chapter, you can grasp in detail how to use the K5 UFO measurement to
do system static, RTK operations.
GPS measurement operation scheme refers to the operating scheme used to determine the relative
position between the stations with the help of GPS technology. Point coordinate precision obtained
is not the same; its operating methods and observation time are also different, thus having different
range of applications. GNSS receiver operating program is divided into two types: static
measurement and RTK dynamic measurement (including the base station and rover station).
Test environment requirements:
(1) Observation stations (ie, the receiving antenna settlements) should stay away from high-power
radio transmitters and high voltage transmission lines in order to avoid the magnetic field around
the GPS satellite signal interference. Receiver antenna and its distance shall not be less than 200
m;
(2) Observation stations should not be near to the large area waters or objects which can strongly
reflect (or absorb) electromagnetic wave to weaken the effects of multi-path;
(3) Observation stations should be located in places where the receiving device can be installed
easily, and good vision available. Elevation angle of obstacles in view should generally be greater
than 10°to 15°, in order to weaken the effects of troposphere refraction;
(4)Observation stations should be selected in a convenient place, and easy to use other means of
measuring, joint measurement and expansion;
(5) For the long baseline GPS network, should also consider the vicinity good communication
facilities (telephone and telegraph, post and telecommunications) and power supply, for power
between the stations and equipments.

§8.1 Static Operation

§8.1.1 Static Measurements Profile

Static measurements
GPS positioning measurement by installed three (or more) GNSS receivers to perform
simultaneous observation and determine the relative position between the stations.
Scope
The establishment of a national geodetic control network (second or less);
The establishment of precision engineering control network, such as bridge measurement, tunnel

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measurements, etc;
The establishment of a variety of encryption control network, such as city measurements, Drawing
Point measurement, road surveying, demarcation measurements.
For the GPS measurements of small and medium-sized cities, towns, as well as mapping, cadastral,
land information, real estate, geophysical exploration, surveying, construction and other control
measurement, should meet the accuracy requirements of the D, E grade GPS measurements.

§8.1.2 Operating Procedures

Pre-measurement
Project approval
Program design
Construction design
Surveying and mapping data collection and arrangement
Instrument test, test
Reconnaissance, choice of site, buried stone
Measurement
Operating team stationed in
Satellite status Forecast
Observation planning
Dispatch of operation and field work observation
After the measurement
Data transmission, dump, backup,
Baseline Solution and quality control
Network adjustment (data processing, analysis) and quality control
Finishing results, technical summary
Project acceptance

§8.1.3 Field Operation Notes

1)Static mode of K5 UFO receiver is able to be set on receiver, and also can be set on software
(Such as EGStar3.0), please refer to the EGStar manual for more information.
2)Set up a tripod on the control point, leveling and centering strictly on the measuring point.
3)Measure the instrument height three times, the difference of the results shall not be more than 3
mm, and average the results. The instrument height should be measured from the center of the
control point to the mark line on the instrument.
4)Record instrument number, point name, instrument height, and start time.
5)Power on, confirm the static mode, the mainframe begins to search satellites and satellite lights
begin to flash. Recording condition reached, the status light flashes in accordance with the set
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sampling interval, flashing once indicates the acquisition of an epoch.
6)After the test, the mainframe shut down, and then begins data transmission and data processing.

§8.1.4 GPS Net Design

The net design mainly subject to the users’ requirement, but outlay, time interval of observation,
type of receiver and the receiver amount, etc also relate to the net design.
In order to satisfy the users’ requirement, we should keep the principle as follows:
1. GPS net normally forms closed graph by independent observation borders, such as triangle,
polygon or connecting traverse, etc, to add checking conditions and to improve the net consistency.
2. When designing the net, the net point should be superposition with the original ground net
points. The superposition points are generally no less than three and distribute evenly on the net
in order to ensure the changing parameters between GPS net and local net.
3. GPS net point should be superposition with the level points, and the other points are normally
united—surveyed with level surveying way or the equivalent way. You can also set some level
united—surveying points in order to offer geoid’s information.
4. In order to observe and level united survey, we often set GPS net points at a clear and easy
arriving field.
5. We often distribute some well eyeshot azimuth points around GPS net to ensure united survey
direction. The distance from azimuth to observation station should be more than 300 meters.

According to different purpose of GPS surveying, independent observation borders of GPS net
should compose definite geometry graph. The basic graphs are as follows:
Triangle net
The triangle in GPS net is composed of independent observation borders, it has strong geometry
structure and well self-checking ability, it can also find out the coarse difference of result and to
share the difference to each baseline with adjustment.
But this net need a lot of observation, especially when receivers are lacking it will greatly prolong
the observation time. So only when accuracy and security are required very high, and receivers
are more than three, we can use this graph.
Circle net
Circle net is composed of many loops which are formed of many independent observation borders.
This net is similar with one of the classical surveying-- lead net. Its structure is a little worse than
triangle net. The amount of baselines in closed loop decides the self--checking ability and
consistency. General speaking, the amount of baselines has such limit as follows:
The advantage of circle net is the small workload, good self-checking and consistency. But the
main disadvantage is that the accuracy of indirect-observed border is lower than that of direct-
observed border, and the baseline accuracy of neighbor points distributes unevenly. In field
surveying, we usually use annexed traverse as special example according to practical situation and

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the net usage. This requirement for this traverse is the high accuracy for the known vectors
between two point ends. Furthermore, the amount of annexed traverses cannot exceed the limits.

Star shape net

Star net has simple geometry graph, but the baselines of it mostly don’t compose a closed graph,
so it has a bad checking ability and consistency.
The advantage of this net is that it only needs two receivers, the work is very simple, so it is mostly
used in the quick surveying as quick static orientation and kinematical orientation. This working
mode is widely used in project layout, border surveying and GIS surveying, etc.

§8.1.5 Antenna Height Measurement

After fixed the instrument, user should measure antenna height at the beginning and the end of
every period of time to ensure the accuracy “mm” level. We usually measure from the center point
on the ground to the center waterproof loop of antenna. That is an inclined height. Please refer to
the following figure.

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Measuring plate

We use a formula to calculate antenna height.

“h” is the inclined height that measure from point on the ground to the measuring plate edge.

R0 is the distance from middle of antenna to the edge of measuring plate.

h 0 is the distance from antenna phase center to the bottom of receiver (measuring plate).
H is the calculation result. We usually measure antenna height twice and adopt the average.
Attention: We input the inclined height as the antenna height, which is the inclined distance from
point on the ground to the waterproof loop of antenna.

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§8.2 RTK measurement

RTK is the abbreviation of Real-Time Kinematic measurements.

RTK technology is the real-time dynamic differential carrier phase positioning technology,
combining global satellite navigation and positioning technology with data communication
technology which includes base station and rover station. Base station transmits the data by radio
or network to the rover station, which will perform differential analysis, thus providing real-time
coordinates of the measurement point in the specified coordinate system.
Depending on the different ways of differential signals transmission, there are two methods for
RTK operation by using the radio and internet (network).

§8.2.1 By using radio (Internal radio)

Base Station

UHF antenna

Tripod

§8.2.1.1 Base Station Set up

Base station shall be set up in the broad view, unobscured and higher places; avoid the vicinity of
the high-voltage power transmission equipment and the transmitting and receiving antennas of

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radio communication equipment, the shade of trees, and the sides of waters, all of which will
produce different degrees of impact on the GPS signal reception and emission of radio signals
1) Set a tripod to the location with known coordinates (or unknown), attach base receiver to the
tribrach adapter set (the measuring plate is recommended to install under base receiver).
2) Install the transmitting antenna onto the receiver.
3) Make sure all connections are alright, then power on receiver.
4) The receiver is set as base with internal radio mode. (set on the control panel, or on internal
Web UI or on the software installed on data collector).

§8.2.1.2 Start the Base station

First time to start the base station, all the relative parameters are completely configured before
starting.
Using EGStar3.0
1) Run EGStar3.0 program on data collector;
2) Go to “Config—Device Config—Instrument Config” page to configure the working mode
and datalink for base receiver.

3) Tap on “Work mode setting” and then check the box of “Set work mode”, then click on “Next”
to continue;
4) Check the box of “Base” option and click “OK” and return to Instrument setting page. At this
moment, K5 UFO prompts the correct working mode with voice guide.

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5) Then tap on “Work mode setting” and then check the box of “Set data link”, then click on
“Next” to continue;
6) Check the box of “Internal radio” option and click “OK” to complete the settings.

7) Return to the main interface and again get into instrument config page, tap on “Base setting”
to get into Base configuration page.
8) Choose the correction format in Msg,Type, choose the antenna measuring method and input
correct antenna height in Ant,H, input the proper value for Interval time, Mask angle and
PDOP limit.

9) Then tap on the symbol to save and complete the parameters.

10) Input the coordinates for base location or tap on the symbol to obtain a single position

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for base.
11) After all the parameters are completely set, click on “Start” button to start the base station.

REMIND: If the base station is still set up on the same position next time, check the box
of “repeated station” option and the base station will start automatically with known
coordinates.
Radio channels setting
1) Go to “Config—Device Config—Radio Config” page.
2) In radio channel field, click on “Read” button to read the current channel value, or select a
radio channel from the list and click on “Switch” button to change the radio channel.
3) In radio power field, click on “Read” button to read the current radio power, or select
high/low from the list and click on “Setup” button to apply power for radio.

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Using internal Web UI
1) Connect K5 UFO with computer via 7-pin to USB cable and set the USB port to output as
Ethernet on K5 UFO. (a driver is required to installed on computer to enable this function).

2) Login the internal Web UI of K5 UFO with the default username and password
(admin/admin).
3) Get into “General Config” interface under “Configuration”;
4) Choose “Base” in “Work Mode” and “Radio” for “Datalink”, then click “Enter” button to
save configurations;
5) Get into “Base Setup” interface, and input known coordinates or click “Position” button to
obtain a single coordinates for base station;
6) Choose the correction format in “Corrections”, then click “StartBase” button to start the base
station.

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7) Get into “Radio Parameters” interface under “Radio Config”, configure the radio parameters
for base station such air baud rate, channel value, power and protocol.

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§8.2.1.3 Rover station set up

After verifying the successful transmitting of the Base station, the rover station shall be set up at
this moment.
1) Install the bracket holder onto the carbon fiber pole, and fix the controller into the bracket, then
power on the controller.
2) Install the receiving antenna onto the rover receiver, and screw the receiver into the carbon
fiber pole, then power on the receiver.
3) Set the receiver as rover with internal radio mode. (set on the control panel, or on internal Web
UI or on the software installed on data collector).

Rover receiver

GPRS/UHF receiving antenna

Carbon fiber pole

Data collector

§8.2.1.4 Rover settings

Using EGStar3.0
1) Run EGStar3.0 program on data collector;
2) Go to “Config—Device Config—Instrument Config” page to configure the working mode
and datalink for rover receiver.

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3) Tap on “Work mode setting” and then check the box of “Set work mode”, then click on “Next”
to continue;
4) Check the box of “Rover” option and click “OK” and return to Instrument setting page. At
this moment, K5 UFO prompts the correct working mode with voice guide.

5) Then tap on “Work mode setting” and then check the box of “Set data link”, then click on
“Next” to continue;
6) Check the box of “Internal radio” option and click “OK” to complete the settings.

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7) Radio channels setting

8) Go to “Config—Device Config—Radio Config” page.
9) In radio channel field, click on “Read” button to read the current channel value;
10) Select the same radio channel value as set on base station from the list and click on “Switch”
button to apply this channel value.

Using Web UI
1) Connect K5 UFO with computer via 7-pin to USB cable and set the USB port to output as
Ethernet on K5 UFO. (a driver is required to installed on computer to enable this function).

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2) Login the internal Web UI of K5 UFO with the default username and password
(admin/admin).
3) Get into “General Config” interface under “Configuration”;
4) Choose “Rover” in “Work Mode” and “Radio” for “Datalink”, then click “Enter” button to
save configurations;

5) Get into “Radio Parameters” interface under “Radio Config”, configure the same radio
parameters as set on base station for rover station such air baud rate, channel value, power
and protocol

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§8.2.2 By using radio (external radio)

§8.2.2.1 Base station setup

1) Set a tripod to the location with known coordinates (or unknown), attach base receiver to the
tribrach adapter set (the measuring plate is recommended to install under base receiver).
2) Mount the UHF antenna set onto a tripod, and connect it to the external radio which is linked
with the external power supply via the multi-function cable.
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3) Power on the base receiver and set the receiver as base with external radio mode. (set on the
control panel, or on internal Web UI or on the software installed on data collector).

At least 2m away

NOTE: place the 2 tripods at least 2m away from each other against signal
interference.

Using EGStar3.0
Set the base receiver as base working mode from “Config—Device Config—Instrument Config—
Work mode setting—Set work mode--Base”, choose the External option in “Set data link”.

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§8.2.2.2 Radio settings

1) Make sure all connections are alright, then power on the radio by pressing power button, and
then press “C” button to define the channel for data transmission.
2) Please keep in mind the channel is selected to match the settings in controller later on.
3) Radio starts to transmit when TX LED is flashing.

§8.2.2.3 Start Base Station (Please refer to 8.2.1.2)

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§8.2.3 By using internet (network)

1) In this mode, base station is no longer to set up as CORS is permanently installed.

2) Insert a SIM card into the SIM card slot in battery component.
3) Power on the rover receiver and connect with controller via Bluetooth.

EGStar3.0 settings
1) Go to “Config—Device Config—Instrument Config—Work mode setting—Set data link”
interface to choose “GPRS/GSM” option for rover station.
2) Then return to main interface and go to “Config—Device Config—Network Config” page.
3) Add a new NTRIP connection in this page or select the existed one to re-edit/use directly.

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4) Input a name for NTRIP connection and choose “NTRIP-VRS” for “Mode” and choose
“GPRS/CDMA” for Connect.
5) Then click on “Change” button to define the ANP for your local SIM card.

6) Input the IP address and port, then input the assigned username and password for your NTRIP
connection.
7) Press “Get Sourcetable” button to obtain mountpoint list, then select the appropriate one from
the list in Access option, press “OK” button to confirm and return to Network Setting
interface.

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8) Press “Connect” button to access CORS network and obtain corrections from selected
mountpoint.
9) After the message “Uplink GPGGA data success” appears in the status bar, click “OK” button
to return to main interface, and check the general info at the bottom.

NOTE; the parameters would be automatically saved up once input, the receiver would
track the CORS info most recently input and connect when it gets started next time.

Web UI settings
1) Login the web UI of K5 UFO and go to “General Config” interface, then choose “Network”
in “Datalink” option, click on “Enter” button to confirm and save the settings.

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2) Then go to “GSM/GPRS Config” interface under “Network Config” to check if the SIM card
is detected, and input the APN information at the bottom.

3) Go to “NTRIP Config” interface under “Data Transfer”, and input the CORS server
information including IP, Port, User and password, then click “Get Point” button to download
mountpoint list from server. Then select the appropriate one from the list and click on “Enter”
button at the bottom to access.

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§8.2.4 By using internet (WIFI)

WiFi datalink is a new feature and new technology adopted on K5 UFO, it is more faster and stable
in network RTK job.
Set the receiver as rover with WIFI mode on the control panel or on Web UI.

Web UI settings

1) Login the web UI of K5 UFO and go to “General Config” interface, then choose “WIFI” in
“Datalink” option, click on “Enter” button to confirm and save the settings.

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2) Then go to “WIFI Config” interface under “Network Config”, there the option of “Client” is
activated if WIFI used as datalink.
3) Click on the “Scan” button to search the surrounding available WIFI hotspot, then select a
proper one and input the password, click the “Enter” button at the bottom to confirm and
access

4) If the WIFI connection is successfully connected, go to “NTRIP Config” interface under

“Data Transfer”, and input the CORS server information including IP, Port, User and
password, then click “Get Point” button to download mountpoint list from server. Then select
the appropriate one from the list and click on “Enter” button at the bottom to access.

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ChapterⅨ Hardware Registration

Users can get the point how to register the instrument in this chapter. Registering on K5 UFO is
easier than operating on K5Plus.
Login the web UI management of K5 UFO with WiFi or USB network connection.

Go to “Config—General Config” configuration page, the registration section is located at the top
of this interface.

Enter the registration code and click on “Register” button, a prompt message will appear. And the
ExpiredDate would be changed.

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ChapterⅩ Firmware Update

This chapter will explain how to update the firmware for KOLIDA K5 UFO, detail steps are
written below.
Login the web UI management of K5 UFO with WiFi or USB network connection.
Go to “Firmware Update—Firmware Update” configuration page, all the information of the
firmware which current installed on K5 UFO would be displayed here.

Click on “Browse” button to load firmware file (Please take in mind that the firmware is ended
with .img as the extension name).

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And then click “Installation” button to start upgrading.

After the firmware is completed upgrading, a dialog will appear saying “Firmware updated
successfully! Host reboot, please log in later…”, then the receiver will restart automatically.

SPECIAL REMIND: K5 UFO doesn’t support to update the firmware with the help of
INstar program any more, in the future, update the firmware for K5 UFO shall be done
through the Web UI.

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Appendix A K5 UFO technical specifications

Signals Tracked Simultaneously
Channels 440 Channels
BDS B1, B2, B3
GPS L1C/A, L1C, L2C, L2E, L5
GLONASS L1C/A, L1P, L2C/A, L2P, L3
SBAS L1C/A, L5 (Just for the satellites supporting L5)
GALILEO GIOVE-A, GIOVE-B, E1, E5A, E5B
QZSS, WAAS, MSAS, EGNOS, GAGAN, SBAS
GNSS Features
Positioning output rate 1Hz~50Hz
Initialization time < 10s
Initialization reliability >99.99%
Positioning Precision
Code Differential GNSS
Horizontal: ±0.25 m + 1 ppm
Positioning
Vertical: ±0.50 m + 1 ppm
SBAS positioning accuracy typically<5m 3DRMS
Static GNSS Surveying Horizontal: ±2.5 mm + 0.5 ppm
Vertical: ±5 mm + 0.5 ppm
Real-Time Kinematic Surveying Horizontal: ±8 mm + 1 ppm
(Baseline<30km) Vertical: ±15 mm + 1 ppm
Network RTK Horizontal: ±8 mm + 0.5 ppm
Vertical: ±15 mm + 0.5 ppm
RTK initialization time 2~8s
Physical
Dimension 17.5cm×17.5cm×8.3cm
Weight 1.3kg (battery included)
Material Magnesium aluminum alloy shell
Environmental
Operating -45℃~+60℃
Storage -55℃~+85℃
Humidity 100% Non-condensing
IP67 standard, protected from long time immersion to depth of 1m
Waterproof/Dustproof
IP67 standard, fully protected against blowing dust
Withstand 3 meters pole drop onto the cement ground naturally
Shock and Vibration
Withstand 40G 10 milliseconds sawtooth wave impact test

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Electrical
Power Consumption 2W
Power Supply 9-25V DC, overvoltage protection
Two units of rechargeable, removable Lithium-ion battery, allow to
Battery
check remaining power
Single battery: 8h (static mode)
Battery Life 5h (internal UHF base mode)
6h (rover mode)
Communications
5PIN LEMO external power port + RS232
7PIN LEMO +external USB(OTG)+Ethernet
I/O Port
1 UHF/ network antenna interface
SIM card slot
Integrated internal radio receiver and transmitter, 1W/2W/3W optional
Wireless Modem
External radio transmitter 5W/25W
Frequency Range 410-470MHz
Communication Protocol TrimTalk450s, TrimMark3, PCC EOT, KOLIDA, SOUTH
WCDMA3.5G network communication module, downward compatible
Cellular Mobile Network
with GPRS/EDGE
customized CDMA2000/EVDO 3G and TDD-LTE/FDD-LTE 4G
module
BLEBluetooth 4.0 standard, support for android, ios cellphone
Double Module Bluetooth
connection
Bluetooth 2.1 + EDR standard
Realizing close range (shorter than 10cm) automatic pair between K5
NFC Communication UFO and controller (controller equipped NFC wireless communication
module needed)
Optional external GPRS/EDGE dual-mode communication module,
External Devices
switchable; allow to connect external WLAN card
WIFI
Modem 802.11 b/g standard
The WIFI hotspot allows any mobile terminal to connect and access to
WIFI hotspot
the internal webserver for the control and moditor receiver
To work as the datalink that receiver is able to broadcast and receive
WIFI Client
differential data through WIFI
Data Storage/Transmission
8GB SSD internal storage
Storare Automatical cycle storage (The earliest data files will be removed while
the memory is not enough)

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Support external USB storage
The customizable sample internal is up to 50Hz
Plug and play mode of USB data transmission
Data Transmission
Support FTP/HTTP data download
Differential data format: CMR+, CMRx, RTCM 2.1, RTCM 2.3, RTCM
3.0, RTCM 3.1, RTCM 3.2
Data Format GPS output data format: NMEA 0183, PJK plane coordinates, Binary
code, Trimble GSOF
Network model support: VRS, FKP, MAC, fully support NTRIP protocol
Inertial Sensing System
Controller software display electronic bubble, checking leveling status of
Electronic Bubble
the centering rod real time
User Interaction
Operaing system Linux
Buttons One-button operation, visual operation, convenien t and efficient
Indicators Convenient to view and understand mode settings and status
Allows to control and moditor the receiver in webserver through WIFI or
Webserver
Bluetooth, freely to configure receiver
Status and operation voice guide, support to customize local language,
Voice guide
Chinese/English/Korean/Spanish/Portuguese/Russian/Turkish supported
The OpenSIC observation data format and interative interface support
Open platform
secondary development

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Appendix B Hx-U202 radio technical specifications

General specifications
Frequency bands 410-470MHz
Channel interval 0.5MHz
Channel transfer rate 19200bps
Protocol TrimTalk450s, TrimMark3, PCC EOT, KOLIDA
Channel number 8
Frequency Stability ±2.0ppm
Modulation mode GMSK
Antenna impedance 50Ω
Ambient temperature -25°C～60°C
Humidity 10-90% relative humidity, non-condensing
Receiver Specifications
Receiver sensitivity ≤0.25μV(12dB SINAD)
Adjacent Channel Selectivity ≥65dB
Modulation signal frequency
≤±5.1KHz
deviation
Intermodulation Rejection Ratio ≥65dB
Audio distortion ≤3%
Transmitter indicators
RF output power 10W/25W Switchable
Adjacent Channel Rejection
≥65dB
Ratio
Spurious frequency components ≤4μW
Residual FM ≤-35dB
Remaining AM ≤2%
Carrier frequency modulation
TWO PIN
mode
RS-232 interface

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rate 19200bps can be set
1 start bit, 8 data bits, no parity (parity bit can be set), 1 stop
Data stream
bit
power DC power supply
12-15V, the typical of 13.8V, the voltage of the power
voltage
supply will affect the size of the RF power of the transmitter
Power consumption
Receiver standby current ≤100mA
The machine operating current
8A
of the transmitter
voltage 13.8V
power 15W/25W

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Appendix C Technical Terms

Ambiguity: unknown quantity is the integer number of cycles of the carrier phase
measured from the satellite to the receiver.
Baseline: The connection line of the two measurement points, on which to receive
GPS signals and collect observation data simultaneously.
Broadcast ephemeris: message released by the satellite demodulator satellite orbit
parameters.
SNR (Signal-to-noise ratio): an endpoint signal power to noise power ratio.
Cycle skipping: interfere loop skips a few cycles from a balanced point, and stabilize
in the new equilibrium point, this make the phase integer number of cycles to generate
an error.
Carrier: As the carrier, Frequency, amplitude or phase modulation of the modulated
wave by a known reference value.
C / A code: GPS coarse / acquisition code, modulate the pseudo-random binary code
for the 1023 bit duplex, the bit rate of which is 023MHz, and code repetition period
of 1ms.
Difference measurement: GPS measurements employ cross-satellite cross-receiver
and cross-epoch.
Difference Positioning: the method of determining the relative coordinates between
two or more receiver by tracking the same GPS signal.
Geometric dilution of precision: Describe the contribution of satellite geometry errors
factor in dynamic positioning
a2  b2
e
Eccentricity: b2 where a, b of the semi-major axis and semi-minor axis.
Ellipsoid: mathematical graphics formed when an ellipse moves around the minor axis
of rotation in Geodetic Survey.
Ephemeris: the position of celestial bodies over time parameters.

Flattening:
a is the semi-major axis, b is the semi-minor axis, e is the eccentricity.
Geoid: similar to the mean sea level and extends to the mainland special planes. Geoid
everywhere perpendicular to the direction of gravity.
Ionosphere delay: delay of radio waves through the ionosphere (non-uniform
dispersion medium)
L-band: The radio frequency range of 390-1550MHz.
Multipath error: the positioning error caused by the interference between two or more
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radio signal propagation path.
Observing session: the use of two or more receivers at the same time to collect GPS
data period.
Pseudo Range: GPS receiver in the time required to copy the code aligned with the
received GPS code offset and multiplied by the speed of light to calculate the distance.
This time offset is the difference between the signal reception time (time series of the
receiver) and the signal emission time (satellite time series).
Receiver channel: GPS receiver RF mixer and IF channel, can receive and track
satellites two carrier signals.
Satellite configuration: the configuration status of the satellite with respect to a
specific user or a group of users within a specific time.
Static position: do not consider the point of measurement of the movement of the
receiver.

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FCC Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions,
may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful
interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment
off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following
measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Caution: Any changes or modifications to this device not explicitly approved by manufacturer
could void your authority to operate this equipment.

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept
any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

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