KUO CHUAA' PRESBYTER'AN' SECONDARY SCHOOL

2018 MID YEAR EXAMINATION

Secondary 2 Express

NAME

CLASS REG. NO

LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 3 May 2018

2 hours

Additional Materials: i/ultiple Choice Answer Sheet

Setter: Ms. Kristine Koh

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name, class and register number on all the work you hand in

This paper consists of 3 sections.

Section A consists of 30 multiple-choice queslions.

Answer all questions.
For each question, choose the most appropriate answer and shade the letter corresponding to the answer
in soft 2B pencil on the separate Multiple Choice Answer Sheet.

Section B consists of 6 structured questions.

Answer all questions in dark blue or black pen in the space provided on the Question Paper

Section C consists of 3 free response questions.

Answer all questions in dark blue or black pen in the space provided on the Question Paper

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question

For Examiner's Use

Section A

Section B

Section C

Parent's signature,/ Date Total

This document consists of 24 printed pages, including the cover page.

 2

o,",".1?J'ix jr(j;'#lIi)""",,,
shade the retter corresponding to-the answer in soft 28 pencir
on the separate
Multiple Choice Answer Sheet.

1 Which of the following is not required for photosynthesjs to occur?

A chlorophyll
B oxygen
c sunlight
D water

2 The graph below shows the amount of oxygen released

and taken up by a tree
during a 24-hour period.

Oxygen
released
by tree Pi
0
,' noon ', midnight
Oxygen
taken up
by tree

Which statement describes the situation at point p?

A Photosynthesis stops.
B Respiration stops.
C The rate of respiration is equal to the rate of photosynthesis.
D The rate of respiration is greater than the rate of photosynthesis.

1 Which of the following is not a factor in the abiotic environment?

A plants
B minerals
c temperature
D water

4 Which of the following is an example of mutualism?

A A bear hunting for fish.

B A leech sucking blood from a bear.
c A rabbit eating lettuce.
D An oxpecker picking ticks off a zebra.

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Refer to the diagram below for Questions 5 to 6.
The diagram shows a food web in a wetland ecosystem
liza.d 1.^/ading bird pelican

\
draoonflv *--->
t
trog
t
fish

\ --*-+ duck
water bug {-water snail

algae
Irl
water planl

5 Which of the following organism is both a primary and secondary consumer?

A b utte rfly
B duck
c frog
D water bug

6 What would happen to the organisms if a disease killed the ducks in the ecosystem?

A The number of water bugs would decrease.

B The number of water plants would increase.
c The number of water snails would decrease
D There will be no change.

7 Which of the following is a way to conserve the environment?

A burning of fossil fuels

B overfishing
c overuse of land
D wind turbines

8 Which of the following options is not an example of diffusion?

A helium balloons deflating over time

B smelling cookies while they are baking in an oven
c the uptake of oxygen from blood to the body cells
D water travelling up the xylem vessels

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 4

9 The following sentences describes the uptake of water by plant

a

'Water molecules move into the root hair cells

via ...1 , through a _..2..., ...3... a
water potential $adient.,

Which of the options correcfly completes the gaps 1,2 and 3?

1
2 3
A d iffusio n fully permeable membrane down
B diffusion partially permeable membrane up
c osmosis partially permeable membrane down
D osmosis fully permeable membrane up

10 What do the phloem and xylem of a plant transport?

ph loem
xylem
A amino acids SUCTOSE
B SUCTOSE amino acids
c SUCTOSC
water
D water SUCTOSE

11 The d.lagram berow shows cross-sections of the three

types of brood vessers, not
drawn to scale.

blood vessel X blood vessel y blood vessel Z

What are the identities of blood vessels X, y and Z?

blood vessel X blood vessel Y blood vessel Z

A a rtery capilla ry vetn
B aftery vein capillary
c vein artery capillary
D vein capillary artery

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 5

12 The diagram below shows the cross-section of a vein.

Y
X

Which of the following statements is correct?

A Blood flows from Y to X, opening the valve.

B The valve ensures that blood can move from X to Y.
c The valve is found in all blood vessels.
D Skeletal muscles around the vein ensure that the valve remains closed

13 Which of the following options incorrectly describes a function of protein?

A synthesis of antibodies
B synthesis of enzymes
c synthesis of hormones
D synthesis of lubricants

14 Which of the following substances is built up from glucose?

A fats
B glycerol
c glycogen
D protein

15 Which of the following options correctly identifies the chemical elements found in
proteins?

carbon oxygen hyd rogen nitrogen

: key
A
B /= present
c .l x = absent
D x

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 r)

16 The diagram berow iIustrates the 'rock-and-key' hypothesis

of enzyme reactions.

fr
which option correcfly identifies the enzyme, substrate and product(s)
in the above
reaction?

enzyme product substrate

A x Y and Z
B Y and Z X
c X
Y and Z
D X Y and Z

17 A piece of biscuit containing starch is eaten. After it has

been swallowed, which
nutrient(s) can be found after digestion in the stomach
and small intestlne?

stomach small intestine

A glucose maltose
B glucose and starch glucose
c maltose maltose
D maltose and starch glucose

18 Where does chemical digestion take place?

I mouth
il stomach
ill small intestine
IV large intestine

A I and ll only
B lll and lV only
c l, ll and lll only
D All of the above

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 7

'19 Which of the following is the correct route that a sperm takes when it leaves the
testis of a mammal?

A testis ----' scrotum ----' urethra

B testis -+ scrotum ---+ uterus
c testis -' sperm dUCt ---+ urethra
D testis - sperm duct --+ uterus

20 The diagram below shows the side view of the male reproductive system. Which
structure does both urine and sperm pass through?

A c

D
\

21 What is the main function of the scrotum?

A to protect the testis

B to store sperm
c to store urine
D to synthesise sex hormones

22 Which of the following options is not correct about fertilisation?

A It can only happen during the fertile period of the menstrual cycle
B It involves the fusion of the nucleus of the sperm and egg.
c It results in the formation of a zygote.
D The nuclei of multiple sperm are able to fuse with the egg

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 8

23 Which of the following changes happen only in boys during puberty?

I growth spurt occurs

il growth of facial hair
lil production of sex hormones
IV voice becomes deeper

A I and ll only
B I and lll only
c ll and lV only
D lll and lV only

24 Contraceptive pills prevent pregnancy by

A preventing the fertilized ovum from implanting in the

uterine lining
B preventing the release of the egg from the ovary
c relgasing hormones that induce the release of more eggs
D stopping the sperm from moving up the uterus

25 which of the forrowing shows the correct prevention and contror gonorrhoea?
of

A always share instruments that can break the skin (eg. razor)
B ensuring needles used are sterilised
c having multiple sex partners
D no kissing of infected patients

26 Which of the following is a chemical effect of an electrical

current?

A a compass pointing east

B a natural magnet attracttng iron filings
c extraction of copper from lmpure cdpper
D use of fire to heat water

27 Which of the following is the symbol for a

variable resistor?

A c

B D

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 o

Refer to the following information below for Questions 28 to 29.

Electromagnets A, B, C and D are made by winding a wire coil around an iron core.

28 Which of the electromagnets would be the strongest?

number of coils current in wire / A

A o.4
B 1.5
c '10 o.4
D '10 1.5

29 Which of the following factors does not affect the resistivity of an electrical
component?

A amount of current passing through

B cross-sectional area
c length
D type of material used

30 Electrical equipment should not be used in damp conditions. What is the main
hazard?

A The equipment will become too hot.

B The fuse will keep blowing'.
c The insulation will get damaged.
D The risk of an electric shock.

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 10

o,",",1?t' il"?r(j,l#il,1'"*,,,
Show your working and write your answers in the space provided.

1 Fig. 1 .1 shows a food web in the forest ecosystem.

Fox
Weasel
Hawk

I Thrush Mouse
1

Rabbit Sq uirrel
/

Grass I\.4ushrooms Shrubs

Fig.'1.1
(a) Name the producers

t1l
(b) (i) State the role of the mushrooms in Fig. 1 .1.

t1l
(ii) Explain how the mushrooms help in the recycling of nutrients

t2l
(c) (i) From Fig. 1.1, write down a food chain invorvihg four
organisms.

t1l

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(ii) Explain why in Fig. 1.'1, there is no food chain that consists of five or more
organisms.

t3l

[Total: 8]

2 Fig.2.1 shows the microscopic images of two samples of human blood, A and B.

sample A sample B

Fig.2.1

(a) (i) State the.sample which could have been taken from a patient with an
infection.

tll
(ii) Explain your answer in part (ai)

t2l

(b) (i) State the function of the heart

t1l

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 12

(ii) Describe the movement of blood from the heart

to the lungs and back. ln
your answer, include the type of blood and
the blood vessers involved.

t2l

[Total: 6]
3 Fig. 3.1 shows a diagram of the alimentary canal
and rts associated organs.

I
I

H
B
G
c

D
F

E
Fig. 3.1
(a) ldentify the following parts

c
F:

H:
L2l
(b) Name two enzymes produced by part
C

tl l

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lTurn over
 (c) Some people develop gallstones that accumulate in part H, which block the flow
of the liquid in part H into part F.

(i) ldentify the liquid present in part H.

t1l

(ii) Explain how gallstones can affect the digestion of nutrients at part F.

t2l

[Total 6]

4 Fig. 4.1 shows the side view of the female reproductive system.

I
x

Fig.4.'l

(a) State the function of Part X.

t1l

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 14

(b) (i) Define abortion

tll
(:i) During abortion, the medical instruments used for the procedure can
damage part Y. Explain how this may prevent a female from getting
pregnant again.

t2l

[Total.4]
5 (a) Fig. 5.1 shows the calendar for the month of January.

Jan uary
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
1 2 3
4 E
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 24
25 2t) 27 ,o 30

Fis. 5.1

A couple decides to do some family planning to avoid pregnancy. The

woman,s
last menstrual cycle ended on 3'd January.

On the calendar above,

(i) circle the date of ovulation tt l

(ii) cross out the dates which the couple should not have sexual
intercourse.
t1l

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 15

(iii) The couple have decided that they would not like to start a family at all.
Suggest a birth control method and explain how it prevents pregnancy.

t2)

(b) Describe the roles of oestrogen in the menstrual cycle.

t2l

[Total: 6]

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 16

6 (a) A plug was wired as seen in Fig. 6.1. lt was connected to an old ketfle which
had
a metal case.

b lue brown

green &
yellow
Fig. 6.1

(i) Describe how the plug has been wired wrongly.

Ill
(ii) Describe the function of a fuse.

t21
(iii) Besides the safety features shown in Fig. 6.i, name one other safety
feature commonly found in homes and explJin how it works.

t21
(iv) State the names of the wires that have
the same potential in a three_pin
plug.

t1l

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[Turn over
 17

(b) The power consumption of some common household appliances is shown in

Fig. 6.2.

oDoo

o refrigerator clothes dryer

1000w 1500w

air conditioner electricaltan

1600w 50w

Fig.6.2

(i) Calculate the total electrical energy used by the four appliances in a week if
each was used for the durations stated in Table 6.3.

Table 6.3
appliance duration used per day i h
refriqerator 24
clothes dryer 2
air conditioner 12
electrical fan 8

Ans t2l

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 '18

(ii) lf electricity costs 25 cents per kWh, how much would a family have to pay
for the electrical usage calculated in part (bi)?

Ans: t1l
(iii) Suggest a way for this family to conserve energy.

t1l

[Total 10]

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 19

For Examiner's Use

Name: () Q7 Q9
Class:
Q8 Total

Section C (30 marks)

Answer ALL questions in this section.
Each question carries 10 marks.
Show your working and write your answers in the space provided

7 Samples of plant cells from a leaf were placed in one of three sucrose solutions of
different concentrations. Each solution was labelled either A, B or C. Fig. 7.1 shows
the appearance of the cells after a few minutes.
samples of
plant cells removed
from a leaf

cells in solution
A cells in solution
c
cells in solution
B
Fig. 7.1

(a) Name the process that caused the changes in appearance of the plants cells in
both solutions A and C.

t1l

(b) (i) Describe and explain the changes observed for the plant cells placed in
solution A.

t3l

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 .20
(ii) State the solution that had the highest water potential compared
plant cells. Explain your answer.
to the

I3l
(c) Fig. 7.2 shows a diagram of a root hair cell in soil.

a\n
LJ\-/
Fig.7.2
(i) On Fig. 7.2, draw an arrow to show the direction of movement
of
water.
I11
(ii) with refe.rence ro Fig. 7.2, exprain how the structure
of the root hair
ce enabtes rt to absorb water from the surrounding soil.

t2t

[Total: 10]

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 21

8 Enzymes X and Y digest fats. Fig. 8.1 shows the effect of pH on the rate of reaction of
these enzymes.

Enzyme x

Rate of
reacti
Enzyme Y

0246 810 12
pH

Fig. 8.1

(a) (i) State the optimum pH of enzyme Y.

tll
(ii) With reference to the'lock-and-key'hypothesis and your answer in part
(ai), explain the rate of reaction of enzyme Y at pH 5.

t4l

(b) Enzyme X is present in some washing powders used for the washing of clothes.
With reference to Fig. 8.1, suggest why enzyme X would be of more use
compared to enzyme Y for this purpose.

tl l

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 1')

(c) A student performed a test on various sampres to prove that enzyme X is abre
to
digest fats, and obtained the results as shown in Table g.2.

Table 8.2
sample observations conclusion reason for observation

enzyme X fat was absent

+ oil

distilled water fat was

+ oil present

Boiled enzyme fat was

X+oil present

(i) Name the food test used by the student in this experiment.

tl l
(ii) Fill in the missing observatjons and reasons in Table 8.2.
t3l

[Total: 'l 0]

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 ZJ

s (a) (i) ln the space below, draw a labelled diagram of an electrical circuit
comprising of the following components:
'1. Two dry cells
2. Bulbs A and B and a rheostat.
Bulb A is connected in series to bulb B. Bulb B is connected in
series to the rheostat.
3. A voltmeter measuring the potential difference across the rheostat.

t3l

( ii) Define potential difference.

lll

(iii) Given the following information:

.
1 Each dry cell has a voltage of 6.0 V
2. The rheostat has a resistance of 4.0 Q
3. Each light bulb has a resistance of 2.0 O
Calculate the potential difference across the rheostat. Show your working
clearly-

Ans. t3l

KCPSS,2E,LSS.N,'IYE,2O1 8 [Turn over

(b) Fig. 9.1 shows two 6.0 V batteries connected to three resistors.

I
+
4.0 0
+
0.8 Q
I
4.0 0
I
Fig. 9.1

(i) Calculate the total effective resistance of the whole circuit.

An s: t2l
(ii) State the relationship between the ammeter readings of Ar and Az.

t1l

[Total: 'l 0]

-End of paper-

KCPSS,2E,LSS.MYE,2O1 8
 KUO CHUAN PRESBYTERIAN SECONDARY SCHOOL
Sec 2 Express 201 8
General Science
IVIid-Year Examination
Confidential
Markinq Scheme

Section A -

Q2 Q3 Q4 r1o Q10
Q1
h,o5 \\
B C A D B B C

Q11 Q19 Q20

D C D

Q23 Q26 Q27 Q28 Q29 Q30

C D B D

ffurn over
 2

Sec tion B - St ructured Cl uestions I 40 marks

I (a ) Grass, shrubs 1

(b) (i) Decomposer 1

Accept. involved ln decomposition

(ii) 1. [Reference to function o f decomposersl They breaI 1

down complex nutrients in faeces and the dead bodies of
plants and animals/break down nutrients jnto simpler
sub nces
1
2. [Reference to recycling] carbon dioxide is released back
to the atmosphere

OR
soluble nutrients are released/returned olve in
the soil water (answers must sho ts are
returned to lhe soil)

(c) (i) Grass --* caterpill th 1

OR
/-;
s h rp bq-. rh&s6;:ileiiey'--.tqx
\5.
(iili It n chain, around
of from one trophic 1
level to
-/:]n\

ln a

1
of the food cl-rain receive the leasutoo littlelin sufficient
energy

3 [Reference to lack of energy]The last animal of the food 1

chain will not receive sufficient energy to survive
(accept any logical answers)

2 (a) (i) Sample B

1
 3

(ii) 1. [Observation from Fig 2.1]When a person has an 1

infection, the body will try to fight it. Sample B has

more white blood cel compared to sample A

2. [Function of white blood cells]White blood cells 1

produce antibod ies/perform phagocytosis to protect
the bodv aqainst d rsease/microorqanisms

(b) (i) Pum blo around the body 1

Accept: muscular pump to circulate blood around the body

Reject: pump oxygenated/deoxygenated blood, pump

(ii)
around the heart

1 [Movement from heaft to lungs] D

,n d blood 1

moves from the heart to the lu th ul na

artery

2. [Movement ml blood 1
m lun the hea t lm
vein
\7 '
,.'.-:. ..,,-: fTotal: 6]
3 (a) A. oeSophagus/,; 1 for
C: pan6ieas every
i
F: /sm (;** 2

) Total
2

(b) @iipase, (pancreatic) Any 2

lor 1

,$6&Xe/tvnsin
(c) (i) Bile 1

(Reject. bile salts/pigments as question asks for liquid)

(ii) I . [Function of bile] Bile is involved in the emulsification 1

of fats/blea[ing-up fats into smaller droplets

2. [How digestion is affected] Fats cannot be completely 1

digested/digestion is slowed down

Re.ject: pieces of la tal molecules

 4

4 (a) P roduction of female sex hormones/egg 1

(b) (i) The termination of a pregnancy 1

( ii) IEffec t on part Y/ The uterine lining becomes 1

damaged/is unable to thicken (OWTTE)

2. [How it prevents pregnancy] Damage to this part will
prevent the embryo from implanting, and thus cannot 1

develop into a foetus

5 (a) (i) (circle on 17 January) 1

(ii) cross out from 14 lo 19 January) ie. fertile period I

(iii) 1 . [Method] vasectomy 1

OR
tubal ligation

2. [How it works] A e ducts,

1
preventing rm o U
v
OR
Tub the egg f m
e t
L
..,i 1\ m
o$N
d spe rm cannot

It
(b)
meet) \-/-/ \v

l nduces the reqrowth of the 2

li
\ s
2. estrogenl High levels induce ovulation

6 (a) (i) Th e earth wire is connected to the fuse 1

(ii) 1 [Reference to large cunent] When a current laroer 2

than the fuse rating passes through the fuse

2. [Reference to breaking of circuit] The fuse melts,

breaking the circuit

(iii) 1. ldentificationl circuit breaker 2

2. [How it works] lt acts like a switch, and turns off/trips

when the current passin g through is too large
 (iv) Earth wire and neutral wire 1

(b) (i) 1 . [VVorking] Energy = power x ti 2

= (1kW x +
(1. (0 x 8h)
\
u
2 [An 7 = 326.

nit
(\
o
)
o$j
fi
\ /,s J\. $0.25 = $1 1. 65 1

itioner and replace with fan 1

to dry instead of using the clothes dryer

ogical answer)
 6

Section C - F re e-respon se Ques tions (3 0 marks)

7 (a). Osmosis 1

(b) (i) 1. [Desciption] The plant cells have become flaccid/are 1

plasmolysed/cell surface membrane has shrunk away
from the cell wall

2. [Explanation in reference to water potentia{ Solution 1

A had a lower water potential compared to the cell

sap of the plant cells

3. [Explanation in reference to movement of water 1

moleculesl Water molecules moved from the plant

cells to the solution by osmosis.

(ii) 1 . /Stafe so/ufionl Solution C 1

2. [Explanation in reference to movement of water

molecules/ Solution C has the hiohest otential
compared to the Solutions A and B. ves into
1

the cell via osmosis

Solution C h as the radient 1

compared to

s. 1otsefuiifficdq$ng_ilp cels to an
rf0rgid \------\'u . / ro
r?l \\ c
t/ \t. \
r-.1-'--

lt
(c) (i)
1
\*
(ii) 1
IStructure]The root hair cell has a lono 1
protru sion/extension

2. IFunction] This lncreases th e surface are a to volume

ratio, allowing water to be absorbed at a faster rate 1
 7

8 (a) (i) pH7 1

(ii) I [Explanation with reference to answer in paft (ai)] Al 1

pH 5, there is a low rate of reaction as the pH is

below the optimum pH of 7/pH is lower than the
optimum pH
1

2. [Explanation using 'lock-and-key'] At low pH values,

the enzymes become denatured

3. [Explanation using 'lock-and-key'] f he $hree-

1

dimensional shape of the) active site of enzyme Y

cannot bind to the substrate/is no longer
complementary to the substrate 1

4. [Explanation of rate of reaction se . fewer

enzvme-substrate co mplexes tng
the rate of reaction
'--\
(b) It can be used ove 1
o
(c) (i)

(ii)
Ethanol e I
i Y.*on"
1

1 lor
any 2
eason for
.t I Sa n ton
correct
Gi .oee observation
Total
V.
n xt fat was Enzyme X
e4 re
ar
absent diqested/broke
down the oil

1 ed The mixture fat was No *ra

"narr" to
J

water + turned from present present

oil a clear digest the oil L

solution to a I

white
emulsion

Boiled The mixture fat was

enzyme turned from present Enzyme X was
X+oil a clear denatured and
solution to a could not digest
white I
the oil
I
emulsion
 8

I (a) (i) a

Bulb A Butb B

+
'r---// -/3

l 1
od.'l
,{l..
tp- ulb B connected
to iheostat
D

on voltmete0
T

( ii) S the a m o U n of e n rg re q u red to

Y m ove o n e u n it o f 1
e e ct n c c h a rg e fro m o n e p o n to a n ot h e r

(iii) 1 . [Calculate total resistancel Rr = Rr + Rz + Rs 3

=2Q+2A+4A
=8O
2. [Calculate current of circuit] y = lR
I =12VBa
= 1.5A

3 [Calculate potential difference]y = lR

= 1.5Ax4Q
=6V
(deduct 1m if no units/units are wrong)
(deduct 1 m if no form ula)
(Total -1m for errors)
 o

(b) (i) 1 . [Effective resistance across parallel 2

_-11.1_r_
Reff - R\ ' R2

=1AA+1 o
Ren=2O

2
Rr
N o
( o$\'{
t\(q 1m
\ (T 1

Az will be half that of Ar I

w_ Jh
gI
s

Y 46 e on ammeter 41 will be twice that of Az