5/27/23, 10:30 AM My learnings

OOPS

class :

object :
In [15]: class comp:
def __init__(self):
self.var1=1
self.var2=3

def fun_sum(self):
print(self.var1+self.var2)

c1=comp()
comp.fun_sum(c1)

In [2]: type(c1)

__main__.comp
Out[2]:

class function :
In [22]: class temp:
def __init__(self,a):
self.x=a
def fun(self):
print("class function working")
t1=temp(47)
t1.fun()
temp.fun(t1)
print(t1.x)

class function working

class function working
47

constructor :
In [13]: class temp1:
def __init__(self):
print("constructor is working")
def fun(self,x):
print(x)
def __init__(self,name,no):
print(f"name :{name} with roll no:{no}")

t1=temp1('manoj',47)
t1.fun(5)
t2=temp1()
t2.fun(47)

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5/27/23, 10:30 AM My learnings

name :manoj with roll no:47

5
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [13], in <cell line: 11>()
9 t1=temp1('manoj',47)
10 t1.fun(5)
---> 11 t2=temp1()
12 t2.fun(47)

TypeError: __init__() missing 2 required positional arguments: 'name' and 'no'

class variable manupulation

In [25]: class temp2():
wheels=4

t1=temp2()
t2=temp2()
temp2.wheels=3
print(t1.wheels)
print(t2.wheels)
t1.wheels=2
print(t1.wheels)
print(t2.wheels)

3
3
2
3

static method in class

In [6]: class st():
y=47
def __init__(self):
self.x=0
def sett(self,s,val):
self.s=val
def get(self,s):
print(self.s)
#@classmethod
def ret(self):
print(self.y)
@staticmethod # the static method doesn't need a object to pass like self bu
def info():
print("its just a class method of static type")

t1=st()
t1.sett('x',5)
t1.get('x')
t1.ret()
t1.info() # here it is called with object because it is present in a class

5
47
its just a class method of static type

class inside a class

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5/27/23, 10:30 AM My learnings

In [21]: # class inside a class

class student():
def __init__(self,name,id):
self.id=id
self.name=name
self.l=self.info()

def show(self):
print(f"roll no: {self.id} name : {self.name}")
self.l.show()
class info():
def __init__(self):
self.dept="IT"
self.gpa="B.Tech 3rd year "
def get_data(self,dept,gpa):
self.gpa=gpa
self.dept=dept
def show(self):
print(f"department of {self.dept} in {self.gpa}")

t1=student("Manoj",47)
t2=student("Vyshnavi",41)

t1.show()
t2.show()

#"""t1.info.get_data("IT",7.02)
#t2.info.get_data("IT",7.5)

#t1.info.show()
#t2.info.show()"""

roll no: 47 name : Manoj

department of IT in B.Tech 3rd year
roll no: 41 name : Vyshnavi
department of IT in B.Tech 3rd year

Inheritance

single inheritance :
In [17]: class a:
def fun1(self):
print("fun1 is working")

def fun2(self):
print("fun2 is working")

class c(a,b):
def fun5(self):
print("fun5 if working")

t1=a()
t=c()

print("\n accessing with individual objects ")

t1.fun1()
t1.fun2()

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5/27/23, 10:30 AM My learnings

print("\n accessing with inherited class c")

t.fun1()
t.fun2()
t.fun5()

class a is intialised
class b is initialised

accessing with individual objects

fun1 is working
fun2 is working

accessing with inherited class c

fun1 is working
fun2 is working
fun5 if working

multi-level inheritance :
In [18]: class a:
def fun1(self):
print("fun1 is working")

def fun2(self):
print("fun2 is working")

class b(a):
def fun3(self):
print("fun3 is working")

def fun4(self):
print("fun4 is working")

class c(b):
def fun5(self):
print("fun5 if working")

t1=a()
t2=b()
t=c()

print("\naccessing with individual objects")

t1.fun1()
t1.fun2()
t2.fun3()
t2.fun4()

print("\naccessing with inherited class c")

t.fun1()
t.fun2()
t.fun3()
t.fun4()
t.fun5()

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5/27/23, 10:30 AM My learnings

accessing with individual objects

fun1 is working
fun2 is working
fun3 is working
fun4 is working

accessing with inherited class c

fun1 is working
fun2 is working
fun3 is working
fun4 is working
fun5 if working

multiple inheritance :
In [26]: class a:
def fun1(self):
print("fun1 is working")

def fun2(self):
print("fun2 is working")

class b:
def fun3(self):
print("fun3 is working")

def fun4(self):
print("fun4 is working")

class c(a,b):
def fun5(self):
print("fun5 if working")

t1=a()
t2=b()
t=c()

print("\naccessing with individual objects")

t1.fun1()
t1.fun2()
t2.fun3()
t2.fun4()

print("\naccessing with inherited class c")

t.fun1()
t.fun2()
t.fun3()
t.fun4()
t.fun5()

accessing with individual objects

fun1 is working
fun2 is working
fun3 is working
fun4 is working
accessing with inherited class c
fun1 is working
fun2 is working
fun3 is working
fun4 is working
fun5 if working

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5/27/23, 10:30 AM My learnings

super() function:
this function is used to access the functions and construstors and variable of
the parent class

In [9]: # using super keyword

class a:
val=10
def __init__(self):
print("class a is intialised")
def fun(self):
print("function of class a")
class b(a):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
print("class b is initialised")
def fun1(self):
print("function of class b")
super().fun()
#print(super().val)

t=b()
t.fun()
print(t.val)

class a is intialised
class b is initialised
function of class a
10

polymorphisim

Duck typing:
it is based on the charcteristic of a class of function

In [ ]:

operator overloading :
there are specific function in python that works as operators:

add (var1,var2)" = var1 + var2

sub (var1,var2) = var1 - var2
mul (var1,var2) = var1 * var2

In [19]: class s:
def __init__(self,v1,v2):
self.v1=v1
self.v2=v2
def __add__(self,other):
v1=self.v1+other.v1
v2=self.v2+other.v2
obj=s(v1,v2)
return obj
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5/27/23, 10:30 AM My learnings

def __sub__(self,other):
v1=self.v1-other.v1
v2=self.v2-other.v2
obj=s(v1,v2)
return obj

def __mul__(self,other):
v1=self.v1*other.v1
v2=self.v2*other.v2
obj=s(v1,v2)
return obj

t1=s(1,2)
t2=s(2,1)

t3=t1+t2
print(t3.v1,t3.v2)

t3=t1-t2
print(t3.v1,t3.v2)

t3=t1*t2
print(t3.v1,t3.v2)

3 3
-1 1
2 2

Method Overloading

Method overloading and constructor is not possible in python

but to satisfy this we can use none variable with conditions

In [11]: class a:
def add(self,c=None,d=None,e=None):
s=0
if c!=None and d!=None and e!=None:
s=c+d+e
elif c!=None and d!=None:
s=c+d
else:
s=c
return s

t=a()
print(t.add(1,2,3))
print(t.add(1,2))
print(t.add(1))

6
3
1

method overriding
In [18]: class a:
def show(self):
print("in class a")

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5/27/23, 10:30 AM My learnings

class b(a):
def show(self):
print("in class b")
super().show()

t=b()
t.show()
a.show(a)
t.super().show()

in class b
in class a
in class a
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AttributeError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [18], in <cell line: 12>()
10 t.show()
11 a.show(a)
---> 12 t.super().show()

AttributeError: 'b' object has no attribute 'super'

str() is a method which is predefined.

while calling an object it predinedly calls the str() method which gives the
address of the object as shown below

In [10]: #sai
class b:
def __init__(self,c,d):
self.v1=c
self.v2=d
def show(self):
print(self.v1,self.v2)

class a:
def __init__(self,c,d):
self.v1=c
self.v2=d
def show(self):
print(self.v1,self.v2)
def __str__(self):
return '{} {}'.format(self.v1,self.v2)

t=a(1,2)
t.show()
print(t)

print("with out the overridding of __str__() method")

t=b(1,2)
t.show()
print(t)

1 2
1 2
with out the overridding of __str__() method
1 2
<__main__.b object at 0x00000222A1D29AC0>

In [ ]:

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