Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, (E)ISSN:2181-1784

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MAIN PROBLEMS IN PROVIDING FIRE SAFETY IN MODERN MULTI-

STORY RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

https://doi.org/10.24412/2181-1784-2023-3-707-711
Tadjiboev Bunyodbek Kasimjon ugli
Graduate student of civil protection and safety of technological processes, safety of
life activities, department of the Andijan Mechanical Engineering Institute
E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT
In this article, taking into account that the number of multi-story residential
buildings and their density is increasing from year to year in our country, the
problems of organizing fire safety measures in multi-story residential buildings were
discussed in detail. In the case of evacuation measures, in the organization of
measures to eliminate the fire, the conditions of the building, the fire warning and
alarm system of the population, preventive measures were studied, and brief
recommendations were given for solving the problems of fire safety in multi-story
residential buildings.
Key words: Fire safety, evacuation, alarm system, building design, rescue
corridor, security rooms, modern equipment, high-rise residential buildings, number
of fires.
АННОТАЦИЯ
В данной статье, принимая во внимание, что в нашей стране из года в год
увеличивается количество многоэтажных жилых домов и их плотность,
подробно рассмотрены проблемы организации мероприятий пожарной
безопасности в многоэтажных жилых домах. При проведении эвакуационных
мероприятий, при организации мероприятий по ликвидации пожара изучено
состояние здания, системы пожарной сигнализации и оповещения населения,
профилактические мероприятия, даны краткие рекомендации по решению
задач пожарной безопасности. В многоэтажных жилых домах.
Ключевые слова: Пожарная безопасность, эвакуация, сигнализация,
конструкция здания, спасательный коридор, помещения охраны, современное
оборудование, высотные жилые дома, количество пожаров.
INTRODUCTION
Relevance of the topic: It is no exaggeration to say that with the development of
construction technology (design and construction of buildings), new types of risks
have appeared and the risk of fire has increased. The development of megacities, the
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SJIF 2023 = 6.131 / ASI Factor = 1.7 3(3), March, 2023

expansion of high-rise and underground constructions, the constant increase in the

price of land used for construction, the use of artificial polymer building materials are
accompanied by the emergence of new types of risks, such as fire risk. The lack of
sufficient information about the occurrence and development of the fire process in
buildings is the most common cause of emergency situations in crowded buildings.
Gradually, many types of risks are becoming more widespread and affect the
interests of more and more people globally. In recent decades, fires in the World
Trade Center (USA), high-rise buildings in Spain, China, Russia, Kazakhstan, etc.,
have proven the importance of assessing and preventing such catastrophic events.
demand to introduce new means and methods of fire safety aimed at protecting
people's life and health in the event of a fire in buildings. As a result of studies, fire
safety in modern high-rise residential buildings, safety during fire.
LITERATURE ANALYSIS FROM TOPIC SURFACE
As we all know, high-rise residential buildings have several problems that
cannot be observed in traditional residential buildings, and they are mainly; long fire
exit time requirements and , evacuation problems, difficulty in entering the fire
department, smoke movement near me and difficulties in fire control.
Evacuation
One of the promising directions for solving this problem is the use of special
means of emergency evacuation from a burning building to a safe area, the use of
which reduces the time of exposure to fire hazards for people.[2,79]
The urgency of using emergency evacuation tools in the event of a fire in
crowded facilities is that it is in these facilities that crowds of people can often be
created during staffing.
Evacuation increases the evacuation time and consequently increases the fire
risk to people. The biggest social and material damage is caused by fires in buildings
where people live.1
At the same time, currently there are almost no scientifically based methods for
determining the effectiveness of quantitative equipment use in buildings with
different levels of functional fire risk and selecting types of evacuation management
systems [4,6-9].
High-rise residential buildings require the creation of objective technical
conditions for various objects to fulfill the basic requirements of fire safety, which
ensures the implementation of preventive measures and maintenance of all fire
protection systems in the specified order. These are the requirements of design,

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technical and regulatory documents. The most important component of such systems
are warning devices that should provide timely information on the occurrence of fire
danger, choosing the safest evacuation routes depending on the scenario of the fire
development, including the necessary map structure of the fire direction,
The total percentage of fires in high-rise residential buildings worldwide is very
high and is 42.1%
Here, let's look at the statistics of fires observed in our Republic
According to the agency, 126 emergency situations occurred in the republic last
year, of which 80 were man-made and 46 were natural. Among them:
➢ Road traffic accidents make up 31%;
➢ Poisoning with natural, carbon monoxide and toxic substances - 31.7%;
➢ Gas lighting in residential buildings - 13.5%;
➢ Collapse of buildings, structures and underground structures - 7.1%;
➢ Car fires - 4%.
The main reasons why the number of fires in high-rise residential buildings is
not decreasing despite preventive measures:
o non-compliance with fire safety requirements for residential buildings
with their actual fire risk level;
o increase in the number of floors of residential buildings;
o an increase in the combustible load in the buildings of residential
buildings;
o the presence of built-in buildings with a purely functional purpose in
residential buildings;
o lack of necessary control over the fire protection of residential buildings;

o high wear and tear of residential buildings and engineering equipment;

o Inadequate firefighting tactics in residential buildings.

DISCUSSION AND RESULTS

The human factor also has a great influence on the occurrence of fires: in 40%
of cases, fires are caused by careless handling of fire, in 10% of cases by the games
and pranks of unattended children, in 22% of cases - by violation of the rules for
using electrical equipment and household electrical appliances. Unfortunately,
alcohol or drug addiction continues to be the leading cause of death in fires.
In addition, the fire load in residential buildings is constantly increasing. The
density of residential buildings is increasing, which increases the time it takes
firefighters to reach the scene of a fire, the number of multi-story residential
buildings increases, which objectively complicates the processes of extinguishing

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SJIF 2023 = 6.131 / ASI Factor = 1.7 3(3), March, 2023

fires and rescuing people. Despite the inability of electrical wiring (especially in older
buildings) to withstand increased loads, the saturation and power supply of residential
buildings is increasing.[5,25,27]
In such conditions, it is necessary to take measures not only to reduce the level
of fire risk in residential buildings, but also to prevent the possible consequences of
additional risks.
As can be seen from the above information, it is necessary to emphasize a
number of systemic issues of fire safety in the fire safety system in high-rise
buildings, which are currently the main residences of urban residents:
1) Protection of people in residential buildings during fire with technical means
of fire automation:
- Absence of a fire alarm system;
- Absence of smoke exhaust system;
- Absence of automatic fire extinguishing system.
2) Problems of extinguishing fires in residential and public buildings:
- There is no external second evacuation exit in the first and basements of the
house;
- Owners of apartments often block the common use of residential floors and
allocate a part of these buildings for private use;

- Using the road or lawn to park personal vehicles;

- Includes building and residential access barriers.
3) Management of fire departments during firefighting:
- Traffic jams;
- Speed of movement of fire fighting equipment;
- Insufficient number of fire stations for the total area of the city.
It can be said that this is the main problem not only of firefighters, but of all
special equipment.
Also, the main problems in the field of fire safety may be related to the moral
and physical obsolescence of fire fighting equipment during the construction of
buildings.
Thus, the role of the fire protection system in residential buildings should
increase! And this should be defined in the rules.
In accordance with the modern requirements of the state fire control system, it is
urgently necessary to create radically different methods of ensuring fire safety.

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educational, natural and social sciences www.oriens.uz
SJIF 2023 = 6.131 / ASI Factor = 1.7 3(3), March, 2023

In this regard, our Government should take systematic measures to ensure fire
safety in order to reduce such cases as much as possible, and we should not allow our
people to lose their loved ones in peaceful times!
It is necessary to develop effective legal, organizational, economic, social and
scientific-technical measures aimed at preventing fires, extinguishing them and
carrying out emergency rescue operations.
CONCLUSION
Based on the above, the following is recommended:
- Amendments and additions to regulatory documents on strengthening the fire
protection system;
- Development and approval of a prospective fire safety plan.
This is not only a problem of state bodies, but we ordinary people need to ensure
fire safety in our daily life and show responsibility with our conscience.
Let us always remember that our one mistake can ruin someone's life
REFERENCES
1. Nasiba, A. (2022). DEVELOPMENT OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR FIRE SAFETY OF
INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS. Innovations in Technology and Science Education, 1(1),
159-165.
2. Tadjiboyev, Bunyodbek Kasimjon oglu. Scientific text "Science of the Earth and
ecological science",
3. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/developing-recommendations-on-updating-
modern-technologies-on-fire-safety-of-multi-storey-buildings
4. Technical regulations for fire safety requirements. Federal Law on 22.07.2008 No.
123. Sobraniye zakonodatelstva RF — Collection of Laws of the Russian Federation,
2008, no. 30 (part I), art. 3579; 2012, No. 29, Art. 3997 (in Russian).
5. For explosive zones and fire explosive categories in the design of industrial
premises]. Pozharovzryvobezopasnost — Fire and Explosion Safety, 2014, vol. 23,
no. 5, pp. 6–9.
6. Baratov AN, Pchelintsev VA, Nikonova EV. Pozharovzryvobezopasnost — Fire
and Explosion Safety, 2001, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 25–27.
7. Set of rules 12.13130.2009. Determination of categories of rooms, buildings and
external installation
8. On explosion and fire hazard. Moscow, All-Russian Research Institute for Fire
Protection of Emercom, Of Russia Publ., 2009 (in Russian).

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