Southeast Asian Games Overview
Southeast Asian Games Overview
SEA Games, officially known as the Southeast Asian Games, is a biennial multi-sport event involving participants from the current 11
countries of Southeast Asia. The games are under the regulation of the Southeast Asian Games Federation with supervision by the International
SEA Games
Olympic Committee (IOC) and the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA).
The Southeast Asian Games is one of the five subregional Games of the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA).[1]
History
The Southeast Asian Games owes its origins to the South East Asian Peninsular Games or SEAP Games. On 22 May 1958, delegates from
the countries in Southeast Asian Peninsula attending the Asian Games in Tokyo, Japan had a meeting and agreed to establish a sports
organization. The SEAP Games was conceptualized by Luang Sukhum Nayapradit, then vice-president of the Thailand Olympic Committee. The
proposed rationale was that a regional sports event will help promote co-operation, understanding, and relations among countries in the
Southeast Asian region.
The Southeast Asian Games
Six countries, Burma (now Myanmar), Laos, Malaya (now Malaysia), Thailand and the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) were the founding Federation logo
members. These countries agreed to hold the Games biennially in June 1959 and the SEAP Games Federation Committee was formed
thereafter.[2]
The first SEAP Games were held in Bangkok from 12 to 17 December 1959, with more than 527 athletes and officials from 6 countries; Burma
(now Myanmar), Laos, Malaya, Singapore, South Vietnam and Thailand participated in 12 sports.
At the 8th SEAP Games in 1975, the SEAP Federation considered the inclusion of Brunei, Indonesia, and the Philippines. These countries were
formally admitted in 1977, the same year when SEAP Federation changed their name to the Southeast Asian Games Federation (SEAGF), and
the games were known as the Southeast Asian Games. Despite its location closer to the Pacific archipelago than the Asian continent and not
The Southeast Asian Games
being a member of ASEAN, East Timor was admitted at the 22nd Southeast Asian Games in 2003 Hanoi–Ho Chi Minh City.
Federation Flag
The 2009 Southeast Asian Games was the first time Laos has ever hosted a Southeast Asian Games (Laos had previously declined to host the Abbreviation SEAG
1965 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games citing financial difficulties).. Running from 9–18 December, it has also commemorated the 50 years of
First event 1959 Southeast
the Southeast Asian Games, held in Vientiane, Laos.
Asian Peninsular
Games in Bangkok,
Symbol Thailand
Occur every 2 years (every odd
The Southeast Asian Games symbol was introduced during the 1959 SEAP Games in Bangkok, depicting six rings that represent the six founding
year)
members and was used until the 1997 edition in Jakarta. The number of rings has increased to 10 during the 1999 edition in Brunei to reflect the
inclusion of Singapore, which was admitted into the Southeast Asian Games Federation in 1961, and Brunei, Indonesia, and the Philippines, Next event 2023 Southeast
which joined the organization in 1977. The number of rings was again increased to 11 during the 2011 Games in Indonesia to reflect the Asian Games in
federation's newest member, East Timor, which was admitted in 2003. Phnom Penh,
Cambodia
Participating NOCs Purpose Multi sport event for
nations on the
NOC Names Debuted IOC code Other codes used Southeast Asian
Brunei 1977 BRU BRN (ISO) subcontinent
Indonesia
President Charouck
1977 INA IHO (1952), IDN (FIFA, ISO)
Arirachakaran
Laos 1959 LAO
Website SEAGFoffice.org (ht
Malaysia 1959 MAS MAL (1952−1988), MYS (ISO) tps://seagfoffice.org/
Myanmar 1959 MYA BIR (1948–1988), MMR (ISO) index.php)
a. While South Vietnam competed from 1959–1973, North Vietnam never competed. Unified Vietnam has competed since 1989.
1961, 1969
2007
2019
1959, 1967, 1981, 1991,
1975, 1985, 2025 2005, 2033
2025 2023
2003
2025
1999
1965, 1971,
1977, 1989,
2001, 2017, 1973, 1983,
2027 1993, 2015,
2029
2011
1979, 1987,
1997, 2011
Bangkok,
King Vajiralongkorn 9–20 December
33 2025 Chonburi, and Future event
(expected) 2025
Songkhla, Thailand
a. The 2019 Southeast Asian Games was officially decentralized. Events were held in various cities around the Philippines, mostly in the Clark City, the Metro Manila region, and
the Subic Bay areas, however there was no single designated host city. The games were known as "Philippines 2019".
b. Many events were held in various cities over the country to give support to the Hanoi, who was the main host of the event. Due the COVID-19 pandemic, the games were
delayed to May 2022.
The 1963 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games were canceled. As the designated host, Cambodia was not able to host the event due to instability in the country, along with a
disagreement with the International Amateur Athletic Federation. The 3rd SEAP Games then passed to Laos as hosts, but they begged off the 1965 event citing financial
difficulties.[6]
Sports
According to the SEAGF Charter and Rules, a host nation must stage a minimum of 22 sports: the two compulsory sports from Category 1 (athletics and aquatics), in addition to a
minimum of 14 sports from Category 2 (Olympics and Asian Games mandatory sports), and a maximum of 8 sports from Category 3 (shaded grey in the table below). Each sport
shall not offer more than 5% of the total medal tally, except for athletics, aquatics and shooting (the shot was elevated for this category in 2013). For each sport and event to be
included, a minimum of four countries must participate in it. Sports competed in the Olympic Games and Asian Games must be given priority.[2][7]
Sport Years
1977–1997,
Archery
2001–2021
Athletics All
Aquathlon 2023
Badminton All
Boxing All
Bokator 2023
1985, 1995, 2001, 2005–2007,
Canoeing 2011–2015,
2019–2021
2003–2005,
Chess
2011–2013, since 2019
Chinlone 2013
Contract bridge 2011
Football All
Futsal 2007, 2011–2013, 2017, 2021
1979–1981,
Gymnastics 1985–1997,
2001–2007, 2011, since 2015
Handball 2005–2007, 2021
Kenpō 2011–2013
Paragliding 2011
1987–1989,
Pencak silat
1993–1997, since 2001
Sambo 2019
Sepak takraw 1967–1969, since 1973
Shooting 1959–2021
Skateboarding 2019
1991–2001,
Squash 2005–2007,
2015–2019
Swimming All
Surfing 2019
2001, 2011,
Synchronized swimming
2015–2017
1993, 1997–1999,
Traditional boat race 2003–2007,
2011–2015, 2023
1959–1997,
Weightlifting
2001–2013, since 2017
1987, 1997,
Wrestling
2003–2013, since 2019
Wushu 1991–1993, 1997, since 2001
11 East Timor (TLS) 5 9 31 45
Totals (11 entries) 9571 9497 11734 30802
As of 2019, Singaporean swimmer Joscelin Yeo has won the most Southeast Asian Games medals with 55 (40 gold, 12 silver, 3 bronze). She reached this milestone during the 2005
Games, overtaking the previous record of 39 gold medals set by another Singaporean swimmer Patricia Chan.
Criticism
One unique characteristic of the event is that there are no official limits to the number of sports and events to be contested, and the range can be decided by the organizing host
pending approval by the Southeast Asian Games Federation. Aside from mandatory sports, the host is free to drop or introduce other sports or events (See Southeast Asian Games
sports).[15]
This leeway has resulted in hosts maximizing their medal hauls by dropping sports disadvantageous to themselves relative to their peers and the introduction of obscure sports, often
at short notice, thus preventing most other nations from building credible opponents.[16][17] Examples of these include:
At the 2001 Southeast Asian Games, Malaysia introduced pétanque, and netball.
At the 2003 Southeast Asian Games, Vietnam added fin swimming, shuttlecock, and wushu, offering 28 gold medals instead of the usual 16.
In the 2005 Southeast Asian Games, the Philippines added arnis, a demonstration sport in 2003, with six sets of medals, and the Philippines bagged three gold medals. 2005
also saw the addition of baseball, dance sport, and softball.
At the 2007 Southeast Asian Games, Thailand added new categories of sepak takraw. In addition, the Thai Sepak Takraw Federation decided to replace the traditional rattan ball
for a rubber ball, which was uncommon in other participating countries, causing a great deal of controversy and led to Malaysia boycotting the sport. Consequently, Thailand won
all 8 events. Apart from this, local organizers also added futsal in this edition of the games.[18]
In the 2011 Southeast Asian Games, Indonesia the organizers decided to cancel the team events in table tennis and reduced the number of events in shooting to 14, following
the decisions made by the International Sports Federation to reduce the number of events in the World Championships. At the same time, bridge, kenpō, paragliding, vovinam
and wall climbing were introduced.
In the 2013 Southeast Asian Games, Myanmar introduced its indigenous sport Chinlone. The host won six of eight gold medals in the event. They also introduced board games
with events on Sittuyin, a traditional Burmese board game, and chess.[19]
In the 2017 Southeast Asian Games, Malaysia introduced cricket, indoor hockey and three winter sport events, figure skating, short track speed skating and ice hockey.[20]
In the 2019 Southeast Asian Games, the Philippines added beach handball, duathlon, e-sports, jiu-jitsu, kickboxing, kurash, sambo, skateboarding, surfing and wakeboarding.
Certain events in Modern Pentathlon were made in non-Olympic formats.
See also
Events of the OCA (Continental) Events of the OCA (Subregional) Events of the APC (Continental) Events of the APC (Subregional)
Asian Games Central Asian Games Asian Para Games ASEAN Para Games
Asian Winter Games East Asian Games (now East Asian Asian Youth Para Games
Asian Youth Games Youth Games)
Asian Beach Games South Asian Games
Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games West Asian Games
References
1. Games page (http://www.ocasia.org/Game/GamesL1.aspx?GPCode=4) of the 11. Medal Tally (https://web.archive.org/web/20081011071000/http://www.newsviews.inf
website of the Olympic Council of Asia; retrieved 2010-07-09. o/sport09.html#sources)
2. "South East Asian Games Federation: Charter and Rules" (http://voc.org.vn/Portals/0/ 12. History of the SEA Games (https://web.archive.org/web/20041217101809/http://www.
2013-SEAG%20Charter.pdf) (PDF). SEAGF. 30 May 2010. Archived (https://web.arch olympic.org.my/web/gamesrecords/sea/sea_history.htm)
ive.org/web/20160307182744/http://voc.org.vn/Portals/0/2013-SEAG%20Charter.pdf) 13. SEA Games previous medal table (https://web.archive.org/web/20091204132925/htt
(PDF) from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 30 December 2015. p://www.laoseagames2009.com/v1/seagamesxseapxstat.aspx)
3. "Malaysia to host 2027 SEA Games" (https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2022/ 14. SEA Games members (https://web.archive.org/web/20011207141223/http://www.kl20
05/12/malaysia-to-host-2027-sea-games). The Star. Retrieved 12 May 2022. 01.com/index.html)
4. "Singapore to host 2029 SEA Games" (https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/singa 15. Pattharapong Rattanasevee (21 July 2017). "Southeast Asian Games yet to win gold
pore-host-2029-sea-games-2680376). Retrieved 12 May 2022. for sporting spirit" (https://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/2103469/s
5. Cua, Aric John Sy (13 July 2022). "PH to host SEA Games in 2033" (https://www.man outheast-asian-games-yet-win-gold-sporting-spirit). South China Morning Post.
ilatimes.net/2022/07/13/latest-stories/ph-to-host-sea-games-in-2033/1850805). The 16. Sea Games morphing into a monster-cum-circus (https://www.nst.com.my/sports/mot
Manila Times. Retrieved 13 July 2022. or-sports/2019/11/541589/sea-games-morphing-monster-cum-circus)
6. "History of the SEA Games" (https://web.archive.org/web/20041217101809/http://ww 17. Sea Games reduced to a carnival (https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/opini
w.olympic.org.my/web/gamesrecords/sea/sea_history.htm). www.olympic.org.my. on/2020/07/25/sea-games-reduced-to-a-carnival/)
Archived from the original (http://www.olympic.org.my/web/gamesrecords/sea/sea_hi
18. Sports. "VietNamNet - SEA Games or a village festival | SEA Games or a village
story.htm) on 17 December 2004. Retrieved 26 February 2013. festival" (http://english.vietnamnet.vn/en/sports/5317/sea-games-or-a-village-festival.
7. Ian De Cotta (5 June 2015). "A cool addition to the SEA Games" (http://www.todayonl html). English.vietnamnet.vn. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
ine.com/sports/cool-addition-sea-games). Today Online. Retrieved 5 June 2015. 19. HS Manjunath (10 December 2013). "Cambodia eye record medal haul" (http://www.
8. "South East Asian Games Medal Count" (http://www.ocasia.org/Game/NocsMedalCo phnompenhpost.com/sport/cambodia-eye-record-medal-haul). The Phnom Penh
unt.aspx?SYCXGjC0df+J2ChZBk5tvA==). Retrieved 31 August 2017. Post. Retrieved 13 December 2013.
9. SEAP Games Federation (http://www.seagfoffice.org/) 20. "4 new sports we can now watch in 2017 SEA Games" (https://www.redbull.com/my-e
10. Medal Tally 1959-1995 (https://web.archive.org/web/19980111005738/http://seagame n/6-new-sports-watch-2017-sea-games). Red Bull. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
s.wasantara.net.id/medali59-95/medals.htm)
External links
Olympic Council of Asia Regional Hosting List (http://www.ocasia.org/Game/GamesL1.aspx?GPCode=8)
SEA Games Federation (http://www.seagfoffice.org/)
Medal Tally 1959–1995 (https://web.archive.org/web/19980111005738/http://seagames.wasantara.net.id/medali59-95/medals.htm) (archived 11 January 1998)
Medal Tally (https://web.archive.org/web/20081011071000/http://www.newsviews.info/sport09.html#sources) (archived 11 October 2008)
History of the SEA Games (https://web.archive.org/web/20041217101809/http://www.olympic.org.my/web/gamesrecords/sea/sea_history.htm) (archived 17 December 2004)
SEA Games previous medal table (https://web.archive.org/web/20091204132925/http://www.laoseagames2009.com/v1/seagamesxseapxstat.aspx) (archived 4 December 2009)
SEA Games members (https://web.archive.org/web/20011207141223/http://www.kl2001.com/index.html) (archived 7 December 2001)