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Multiple Integration Techniques

This document discusses multiple integration and provides examples of evaluating double and triple integrals. Some key points: 1) Multiple integration is performed using partial integration by integrating with respect to one variable at a time while holding others constant. 2) The innermost integral should be evaluated first, working outward to the outermost integral. 3) The order of integration can be rearranged, but the limits of integration must be adjusted accordingly. Rearranging order may complicate the integration process. 4) Examples are provided of evaluating double and triple integrals using iterated integration and changing the order of integration. Exercises are given for students to practice evaluating multiple integrals.

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Wharren Daño
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65 views6 pages

Multiple Integration Techniques

This document discusses multiple integration and provides examples of evaluating double and triple integrals. Some key points: 1) Multiple integration is performed using partial integration by integrating with respect to one variable at a time while holding others constant. 2) The innermost integral should be evaluated first, working outward to the outermost integral. 3) The order of integration can be rearranged, but the limits of integration must be adjusted accordingly. Rearranging order may complicate the integration process. 4) Examples are provided of evaluating double and triple integrals using iterated integration and changing the order of integration. Exercises are given for students to practice evaluating multiple integrals.

Uploaded by

Wharren Daño
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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5/11/2023

Multiple Integration
D.G. Miciano
Assoc. Prof. I, BatStateU-CoE

dgm.ppt.math402

Key points about multiple integration


 Multiple integration is carried out using partial integration, that is,
integrating with respect to one variable holding other variables as constants
 Perform the innermost integral first, one by one, up to the outermost
integral.
 Order of integration with respect to the variable of integration is
interchangeable. (Be careful of including the limit values for the respective
variable in the rearrangement process. Take note also that rearrangement
of order of integration may lead to difficult integration process.)

dgm.ppt.math402
5/11/2023

Partial Integration
Given the integration of multi-variable function f(x,y,z,…), the partial integration is done
by integrating with respect to one variable and holding others as constant(s)
Illustrations:

1. 6𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 6𝑦  = 3𝑥 𝑦

𝑦
2. (4𝑥 + 6𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑦 = 4𝑥𝑦 + 6 = 4𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦
3

dgm.ppt.math402

Iterated Integral
Perform the innermost
𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 integration first

Example (1) Double Integral: Evaluate the integral


∫ ∫ 6𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦.
=∫ 3𝑦 𝑑𝑦
= ∫ ∫ 6𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
𝑦
3 = 3
3
=∫ 6𝑦  𝑑𝑦
= 27 − 8 = 19
=∫ 3𝑦 (1 − 0) 𝑑𝑦 dgm.ppt.math402
5/11/2023

Example (2) Double Integral: Evaluate the double integral


∫ ∫ (4 − 𝑥 − 𝑦 )𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 .

Sol’n: ∫ ∫ (4 − 𝑥 − 𝑦 )𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 =∫ 4𝑦 − 𝑥 𝑦 − 𝑦 𝑑𝑥

=∫ 8− 𝑥 − 𝑑𝑥

=∫ − 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

47𝑥 2 141
= − 𝑥 = −2 = =
6 27 6
dgm.ppt.math402

Example (3) Double Integral: Evaluate the double integral


∬ (3𝑦 − 2𝑥 )𝑑𝐴 where R = {(x,y)/ -1x2 and 1y3}.

Sol’n:∬ (3𝑦 − 2𝑥 )𝑑𝐴 = ∫ ∫ (3𝑦 − 2𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦


=∫ ∫ 3𝑦 − 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
2𝑥
= 3𝑦𝑥 − =∫ (9𝑦 − 6) 𝑑𝑦
3
= 6𝑦 − − −3𝑦 + 9𝑦
= − 6𝑦 = − 18 - −6
2
= 9𝑦 − 6 = 36 − 12 = 24
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5/11/2023

Example (4) Triple Integral: Evaluate the integral


∫ ∫ ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥

Sol’n:∫ ∫ ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ ∫ 𝑥𝑧 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥

=∫ ∫ 𝑥(1 + 𝑦 ) − 𝑥(2𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥

=∫ ∫ 𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥

=∫ 𝑥𝑦 + − 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥

=∫ 𝑥 1 − 𝑥 + − 𝑥(1 − 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
dgm.ppt.math402

Cont. Example (4) Triple Integral: Evaluate the integral


∫ ∫ ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥

∫ 𝑥 1−𝑥 + − 𝑥(1 − 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

=∫ 3𝑥 1 − 𝑥 + 𝑥 1 − 𝑥 − 3𝑥(1 − 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
= ∫ 3𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 6𝑥 − 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥

= ∫ 𝑥−𝑥 𝑑𝑥

1 𝑥 𝑥 1 1 1 1 3 1
= − = − = =
3 2 5 3 2 5 3 10 10
dgm.ppt.math402
5/11/2023

Example (5) Triple Integral: changing the order of integration:


/ /
Evaluate the integral ∫ ∫ ∫ sin(𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥

/ /
Sol’n:∫ ∫ sin(𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦 =∫ 𝑧 sin 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
/
=∫ 2sin(𝑦 )𝑑𝑦
Original Limits: 0  x  /2; 0  y  /2
Rewriting limits: 0  y  /2; 0  x  𝑦 ; Re-ordering of integration
y
/ / /
∫ ∫ ∫ sin(𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 =∫ ∫ ∫ sin(𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
/ Change
=∫ ∫ 2sin(𝑦 )𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 order

dgm.ppt.math402

Cont. Example (5) Triple Integral: changing the order of integration:


/ /
Evaluate the integral ∫ ∫ ∫ sin(𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥

/ /
∫ ∫ ∫ sin(𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 =∫ ∫ 2sin(𝑦 )𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦

/
=2∫ x sin(𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑦

/ Change variable, let


=2∫ ysin(𝑦 )𝑑𝑦 u = y2 , du=2ydy; or
use chain rule

/
= − cos(𝑦 )
dgm.ppt.math402
5/11/2023

Cont. Example (5) Triple Integral: changing the order of integration:


/ /
Evaluate the integral ∫ ∫ ∫ sin(𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥

/ / /
∫ ∫ ∫ sin(𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = − cos(𝑦 )

= − cos( /2 ) − − cos(0 )


= − cos(/2) − − cos(0)
= −0 + 1
=1

dgm.ppt.math402

Exercises: Solve the following problems.

• 1. ∫ ∫ (𝑥 − 2𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦

/
• 2. ∫ ∫ 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥

• 3.∫ ∫ ∫ 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑧

• 4.∫ ∫ ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥

dgm.ppt.math402

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