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Unit I

1. The document discusses various friction devices including clutches, brakes, and dynamometers. It provides formulas to calculate torque, force, power loss, and other metrics for these devices. 2. Questions cover topics like uniform pressure theory, friction circles, laws of friction, and using wedges to lift loads. Formulas are derived and applied to problems involving conical pivots, band brakes, drum brakes, and transmission dynamometers. 3. Dimensions, forces, speeds, and other variables are given to calculate values like maximum torque, angular retardation, time to stop, and power lost to friction for the various mechanical systems.

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mahendra babu mekala
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64 views

Unit I

1. The document discusses various friction devices including clutches, brakes, and dynamometers. It provides formulas to calculate torque, force, power loss, and other metrics for these devices. 2. Questions cover topics like uniform pressure theory, friction circles, laws of friction, and using wedges to lift loads. Formulas are derived and applied to problems involving conical pivots, band brakes, drum brakes, and transmission dynamometers. 3. Dimensions, forces, speeds, and other variables are given to calculate values like maximum torque, angular retardation, time to stop, and power lost to friction for the various mechanical systems.

Uploaded by

mahendra babu mekala
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Describe with a neat sketch the working of a single plate friction clutch
2. a) A truncated conical pivot of cone angle $ rotating at speed N supports a load
W. The smallest and largest diameter of pivot over the contact area‘d’ and ‘D’
respectively. Assuming uniform wear, derive the expression for frictional torque.
b) A differential band brake, as shown in figure, below has an angle of contact of
225°. The band has a compressed woven lining and bears against a cast iron drum of
350 mm diameter. The brake is to sustain a torque of 350 N-m and the coefficient of
friction between the band and the drum is 0.3. Find i)The necessary force (P) for the
clockwise and anticlockwise rotation of the drum; and ii) The value of ‘OA’ for the
brake to be self locking, when the drum rotates clockwise.

3. Establish a formula for the maximum torque transmitted by a single plate clutch
of external and internal radii r1 and r2, if the limiting coefficient of friction is µ and the
axial spring load is W. Assume that the pressure intensity on the contact faces is
uniform. A band and block brake having 12 blocks, each of which subtends an angle
of 160 at the centre, is applied to a rotating drum of diameter 600 mm. the blocks
are 75 mm thick. The drum and the flywheel mounted on the same shaft have a
mass of 1800kg and have a combined radius of gyration of 600mm. the two ends of
the band are attached to pins on the opposite sides of the brake fulcrum at
distance of 40 mm and 150mm from the fulcrum. If a force of 250 N is applied at a
distance of 900 mm from the fulcrum, find (i) the maximum braking torque (ii) the
angular retardation of the drum (iii) the time taken by the system to be stationary
from the rated speed of 300 rpm. Take coefficient of friction between the blocks
and the drum as 0.3.
4. Which of the two assumptions-uniform intensity of pressure or uniform rate of
wear, would you make use of in designing friction clutch and why?
A cone clutch with cone angle 200 is to transmit 7.5 kW at 750 rpm. The normal
intensity of pressure between the contact faces is not to exceed 0.12N/mm 2. The
coefficient of friction is 0.2. If face width is 1/5 th of mean diameter, find: The main
dimensions of the clutch and Axial force required while running.
5. What is meant by the expression ‘friction circle’? Deduce an expression for the radius
of friction circle in terms of the radius of the journal and the angle of friction.
6. The essential features of a transmission dynamometer are shown in Fig.1. A is the
driving pulley which runs at 600 r.p.m. B and C are jockey pulleys mounted on a
horizontal beam pivoted at D, about which point the complete beam is balanced
when at rest. E is the driven pulley and all portions of the belt between the pulleys are
vertical. A, B and C are each 300 mm diameter and the thickness and weight of the belt
are neglected. The length DF is 750 mm. Find i) the value of the weight W to maintain
the beam in a horizontal position when 4.5 kW is being transmitted and ii) the value of
W, when the belt just begins to slip on pulley A. The coefficient of friction being 0.2 and
maximum tension in the belt 1.5 kN.

All dimensions are in mm Fig.1

7. a) Determine the axial force required to engage a cone clutch transmitting 25 kW


of power at 750 rpm. Average friction diameter of the cone is 400 mm, semi cone
angle 100 and coefficient of friction 0.25. Also find the width of the friction cone.
Describe with a neat sketch the method of operation of rope brake dynamometer.
8. a) A conical pivot bearing 150 mm in diameter has a cone angle of 1200. If the shaft
supports an axial load of 20 kN and the coefficient of friction is 0.03, find the power
lost in friction when the shaft rotates at 200 rpm, assuming uniform pressure and
uniform wear.
9. Determine the axial force required to engage a cone clutch transmitting 25 kw of
power at 750 rpm. Average friction diameter of the cone is 400 mm, and the
average pressure intensity is 60kN/m2. Semi cone angle is 100and the coefficient of
friction is 0.25.
10. a) A flat foot step bearing 300mm in diameter supports a load of 8kN. If the
coefficient of friction is 0.1, and the speed of the shaft is 80 rpm, find the power
lost in friction, assuming uniform wear.
11. A torsion dynamometer is fitted on a turbine shaft to measure the angle of twist. It
is observed that the shaft twists 20 in a length of 5 m at 600 rpm. The shaft is solid
and has a diameter of 250 mm. If the modulus of rigidity is 84 GPa, find the power
transmitted by the turbine
12. a) Derive an expression for the effort to be applied on a body for moving it
down the rough inclined plane when effort applied is horizontal.
b) A simple band brake is operated by a lever of length 500 mm. The brake
drum has a diameter of 500 mm and the brake band embraces 5/8 of the
circumference. One end of the band is attached to the fulcrum of the lever while
the other end is attached to a pin on the lever 100 mm from the fulcrum. If the
effort applied to the end of the lever is 2 kN and the coefficient of friction is 0.25,
find the maximum braking torque on the drum
13. a) An engine developing 22kW at 1000 rpm is fitted with a cone clutch having mean
diameter of 300mm. The cone has a face angle of 12 0. If the normal pressure on the
clutch face is not to exceed 0.09 N/mm 2 and the coefficient of friction is 0.2, determine
(a) the face width of the clutch, and (b) the axial spring force necessary to engage the
clutch.
14. Explain with a neat sketch the functioning of a belt transmission dynamometer.

1. State the laws of (i) Solid friction (ii) Dynamic friction and (iii) Fluid friction.
2. What is the difference between the simple and differential band brake?
3. State the laws of static and dynamic friction.
4. Explain about film lubrication.
5. What is meant by uniform pressure theory or uniform wear theory for the friction
torque of a bearing?
6. Explain the terms: friction circle and friction axis.
7. What is meant by expression friction circle?
8. Write simple notes on Friction Circle.
9. What is friction? Is it a blessing or curse? Justify your answer giving examples?
10. What is a Wedge?
11. Explain how wedge is useful to raise the heavy loads

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