60% found this document useful (5 votes)
9K views18 pages

தமிழர் மரபு

Uploaded by

Guna Gunalan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
60% found this document useful (5 votes)
9K views18 pages

தமிழர் மரபு

Uploaded by

Guna Gunalan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

EES

ENGINEERINO
LDUCATION
SrRIES
ubEJEDS 6\5myploI=U` BÖRrflse;`Srflwg.

SPnouEN COPY
NOT FOR SALE
QsmGÜUrArlu.
GsrnaU 641109.

REC #6UlGS).

CarmJ -641109.
2023 - DSpugÜs

GUTUI 380/

REC B60slba).
AmisouLÊo 5mLIQLDmflur

QsmeLU

UIpODLITGOT

AbAÜu5I 5TÚQLomfluls LOLCGLO

CsTO6-641109
G56:15.06.2023
II
ALDUTLLID, ITf, LyQ5lImLLD, 5LLossfsot
l606TLImL-Gim.

ANG V

V
260T6TLB5Ù

1.1 @bu QLomlä GGHUrN560T 1.1


1.1.1
1.1
1.1.2 bSUneloU 26MST QlLDmLGGLOLI`IBGiT
1.1
1.1.3 9fJLD`S HLD QLomLGGDUIHB(GHLÜ 1.3
1.1.4 Ob\u QLomsslso ugsomg1 1.4
1.1.5 Gsr-Lflu Qiomssit 1.5
1.1.6 QLDILDO QLomsst 1.7
1.7
1.1.8 Fsor-Qu`fU QLomLlsT 1.8
1.1.9 NpQLomssiT 1.8
1.2 grelL QLomlasi 1.9
1.9
1.2:2 noL(DD 51(gD 1.9
1.2.3 By GLomylucßr QlsTGTGDD 1.9
1.2.4 Q5TC)STÜL*upo Qaw`BOOH5(E,LD 1.9
1.3 QsDGLom 1.10
1.10
1.3.2 aU`AIUOLÜJS6ÍT 1.10
1.3.3 560)6UILI6OLÜ;560T 1.10
1.3.4 BLDlsi QsibQLomASGÐS0T 1.11
1.4 Qlsil6lwso BIrGUS 6T 1.11
1.12
1.5.1 b6ÜeO JAusy`STGT BLDSI LDIJLjseiT 1.13
1.5.2 msörGpn seLDSCO LDGGD P bU6U LDIJs 1.13
1.5.3 D`SI FeLDS FLDw srjUÖM LoJs 1.13
1.14
1.6.1 lsool5 IDÙ 1.15

VII
1.6.2 JALIU IDLO
1.15
1.6.3 GIjADLD
1.15
1.6.4 GGIT60)L DID 1.15
QeiisaU DD 1.16
1.6.5 25) S6`5J5GT
1.7 GiGDaflsu GD6UTGOSTS0LD 1.16
1.7.1 LLLL6 1.16
1.7.2 6L6DLDHH6U 1.16
1.7.3 JS0iluILoi56U 1.17
1.7.4 IGHÜ 1.17

1.7.5 GLoDIYGD6I LoDgbQFIb6pb LogÜSG 1.18


1.7.6 G%OJ6) Gl5TLLj 1.18
1.7.7 &LGÜLO`56U 1.19
1.8BLl 5TÜL*urhIS60T 1.19
1.8.1 gDQlICH 5ITÜLN uraJB60T 1.19
1.8.1.1 1.19
1.8.1.2 LD600ICLD560)60 1.20
1.8.1.3 1.20
1.8.1.4 1.20
1.8.1.5 1.21
1.8.2 BAm) 5TÜLNwó 1.21
1.8.2.1
1.21
1.8.2.2 1.22
1.8.2.3 1.22
1.8.2.4 1.22

1.8.2.5 1.23
1.8.3 QLompisamiluIÀNBT 123
1.9
123
1.9.1 ABIJTSBGT 5T`SIÁIS6ÎT 123
1.9.2 G5TU6U 56iT 124
1.9.3 e&
1.9.4 FIDG018 GOLQJDJG GsmulsüssT, LIGSSN556T LDDMjD 1.24

1.9.5 QLuGT35 (DID 5LlLOLD 1.25


1.9.6 yQ5j 560TL GT6G DsÖIGO)LDHGÍT 1.26
1.9.7 6TLLG GbDpmsi 1.26

1.9.8 5Lc QUST`5ÙUMLÜL;S60T 1.26


1.10 JBs QUisuriss0T 1.27
1.10.1 uÓ QvaIHGS*ßt Almuy 1.27

1.10.2 BDMMSEHLD JuBGIJES(GTHLD 1.27

1.11 9%6UTjS60T 1.27

1.12 bITLI6T LDTÝS6iT 1.30

1.12.1 U6TGofl(5 6(LDGOMS0T 1.37

1.13 AopvsluN EB GT 1.38


1.13.1 56ULDUB 1.39
1.13.2 Bbbl`56UUBLÓ 1.39

1.13.3 GI5l 1.40

1.13.4 1.40

1.13.5 Msnsosn#SLD gaasILD 1.40

1.13.6 usiTGIS USILD 1.42

1.13.7 GMUIHA 1.42

1.13.8 LuJ6oî 1.43

1.14 10506U &uTgTLLÖs6u ITglso uiG 1.43

1.14.1 ugÊLNGT GG500 2oT0) 64 1.43

1.14.2 Br-GÜuD 1.44


1.44

1.16 (6M slorm`856iT 1.44

1.17 QumÊ6ÂlTT`56ÌT 1.45


2.1

2:1
2.1 2.1
51jBTL I460bsjssit 2.2
2.1.2 UITGDD PoluIHJS0T
2.2
2.1.3 6T6ULÜ
2.1.4 uJ6OUITOOI `G OÖULL 2.3
uHIB6T 2.3
2.1.5
2.1.6 66BE60T 2.3
2.1.7 D50 Bn 2.4

ySOTL TD Bso 2.4


2.1.8
2.1.9 LDcpmD Blsn0 2.4

2.1.10 JLJGT IGHSuw AsÖIS0OTTJSÍT 2.4


2.1.11 %ITGUG ONHÖ 56001#56) 2.4
2.1.12 6llg6l A6ODÜY 2.5
2.1.13 I`56TL Lpm 2.5
2.1.14 Gbjl4,6l (D60D 2.5
2.1.15 EDla 5TG00|LD (60D 2.5
2.1.16 Bolsota Aju` %0QNG0S5(G5), AuHJS(GHLD 2.5
2.1.17 560)6)`QFDLDsn Lp`60 5LIT 2.6
2.1.18 6TG0U.H60TLITGU 2.6
2.1.19 6auT SIRJBH sivgus 26
2.1.20 G6.6TO,GMUITS) 2.7
2.1.21 boisa& A UT`JB0T 2.7
2.1.22 2 GoUTG`
2.1.23 LDjy njb5Amura6T
21

2.1.23.1 2GAuT5÷ AouI®NB6N 27


27
2.1.23.2 21
2.1.23.3 26
2.1.24 b6lsor GaUTS` AÓurJBT 2.8
2.1.25 JELISU 5606U 6NjBflsöT (5uisÍT 2.8
2.1.26 MUHBGT GleuIwn ILIsÖTLIGLD QumGLB0T N
2.8
2.2 LbaUTGT 600B0T N
2.9
2.2.1 sD)OUQAELILD(pOD 2.9
2.3 LIgrlGI4uMory oSOlnn` %606)81 2.9
23.1 LD6ÖOTLITGÖOTL BS0T BImlöBs) 2.9
2.3.2 eLpriJ6U Bo60)L56T 2.9
2.3.3 2.10
2.3.4 UL Qbs4 2.10
2.3.5 jbs soign56) 2.10
2.3.6 LD6darQLITLDOLD5ÍT Bmj!gi) 2.10
2.3.7 5iafi LosaoTLITSÖTL THJHS0T 2.10
2.3.8 U`60)F G05I56U 2.11
2.3.9 Q5ITLDLY TÝb5 560QUnQUTGLB6T 2.12
2.3.10 EJT (DLDl 66T 2.12
2.4 Qumib6OLDBÍT 2.12
2.4.1 LDgnIIT`A 2.13
2.4.2 Gj` AjuJSS0T 2.14

2.5 GflsÝt LILISTLITG 2.15

2.5.1 Gflsot A0OÜY 2.15

2.5.2 Gflynr ArjuJB0T 2.15


2.5.3 6TS6OTIHB6T 2.15

2.6 LDGßoT jUIJG0T 2.16

2.7 BiTLLGU;Dó QgiQlSGiT 2.17


2.7.1 l60)5ILUTO 2.17

2.7.2 asúUSUT`JSS0GT GsmoD0 2.17


2.18
2.8.1 6o6U OLDÜY 2.18

2.8.2 A0)60 GnLj5GT 2.18


2.8.3 2.19
XI
2.8.4 LIJmoos
2.19
2.9 6sa 5(69'56iT 2.19
2.9.1 GmDGGAN 2.19
6(5O 2.20
2.9.2 6)615
2.9.3 BJL;aG56 2.20
2.9.4 5FGS(H6) 2.21
2.21
2.10 Ll(G5iSÜ
2.10.1 LG5HNSD N6DLDÜLY 2.22
2.10.2 Gâ LÔl(G5HS0 2.23
2.23
2.11 I60M
2.24
2.12 660)600T
2.25
2.13 WIm
2.25
2.13.1 WLDl6oT SJamgI
2.26

2.13.3 LImplcT 60LDÜY 2.26


2.13.4 T) N0E6S6T 227

2.13.5 umý DreSlku öopÜLGD Wmy NDG5ÍT 2.27


2.13.6 Jmo uTBGD ((DOD 227

2.13.7 ImflcßT lg6 2.28

2.14 BIT6JD 2.28


2.14.1 GTÓDD 2.28
2.14.2 1GO)LDLLr 2.29
2.14.3 HS 2.29
2.14.4 QufluCDem 229
2.14.5 6ITABGD M 2.30
2.14.6 5LQLDTGOTLD 2.30
2.14,7 BOuNa 231
2.14.8 6160)5561 231
2.14.9 ILI6TLITC 231

XII
2.31

2.16 G slomaET 2.33


2.17 QuM l6oT8T 2.34

3.1

3.1 bTLGnuD` 50DNBS0T 3.1


3.2 5L5 BTLGÜmå 50N%6i 3.2
3.3 Ql56Ba.ül 3.2
3.3.1 JaUmmI 3.3
3.3.2 60LDI`S(6 3.4
3.3.3 LUT6o
3.4
3.4 6J5T=LD 3.5
3.4.1 JSD HODÕSÜLGD (pmp 3.6
3.4.2 5jEITLL 6N60B5IT 3.6
3.4.3 l6J0ULD 3.6
3.5 6lebgyIITLG 3.7
3.5.1 616gyiumLI46ÖT G5m0DÜ 3.7
3.5.2 616bgj0UTL I4sßt l6DLDÜy 3.8
3.5.3 6TÚs NGH5D 3.8
3.54 SNGGuTG6T 2_60JÖS6) 3.8
3.5.5 GGJl4 uTG56) 3.8
3.5.6 A606LJL`8L0 3.8
3.5.7 bTLG J6TLD 3.8
3.5.8 %60HöBa)I 3.8
3.5.9 6mlUITG6U 3.8
3.6 56061lT6ÞT Son Hl 3.8
3.6.1 60E 3.9
3.6.2 IL6O60T 3.9
3.6.3 S60)5 3.10
364 GI`SL)
365 S ONTE

367 LhiGST

37gulemLLD
171 guleL pnpsdr
372 guleoLL wssas

J8CgrbuMNSad
J81 84ns

39 avLbumLLb
391 R
J92 Qara piy
193

J94 Qo
195 LDAGuLTs

397 68gufln

3910 uflen
1912 PabumL ussa

3914

3917 AUS
3.10 61ngf 3.22
3.10.1 9A0LDÜY 3.22
3.10.2 TDlunLGD (pmmsst 3.22
3.10.3 LIW6oT
3.22
3.11 LyeluNLLÓ 3.23

3.12 5Lojsslsot lsoorITLGssT 3.25


3.12.1 5)STÜLVAJLÒ 560QVs6ÍT 3.26
3.12.2 ausfls51 lsnsTITLCs60T 3.26
3.12.3 3.27
3.12.4 LOJ0 l6oDGTLITL G&iT 3.27
3.12.5 LO8sflij on0STLITL-Gssit 3.28
3.12.6 mjj AmÔNu loGrTLJITL'Gs6T 3.28
3.12.7 mouj 6oomLITLCssit 3.28
3.12.8 gLu lsnamLITLGasit 3.28
3.12.9 G9H0)5 lnsTITL'GssiT 3.28

3.12.10 UBSl 3.28

3.12.11 öLoiG 3.29

3.12.12 6sÖOI LJ605H5) C5) 3.29

3.12.13 5MIHG 3.29

3.12.14 GJ60)6 3.29

3.13 3.30

3.14 3.30

4.1

4.1 5âp5fe£ 5nONJThISST 4.1

4.1.1 LDGÝTGOT05(6,Lb 5TJpD 4.3

4.1.2 Ly60ujSHD 5TOJDD 4.4

4.1.3 5TOUIJ`f6ó IJSTIT 4.4


4.4
4.2 5sjfcór olora56iT
4.2.1 (DåDTGT 6TTI560T 4.5

XV
4.3 GlginsbSTÚLNLJLD

AS(LO ID(pLÒ
431 Qgrab sITÚLLIGSle0

550601HGHID LDg06TNS(6;L
4,34

4.5 GIHJ5 SIT6U


45.1 GHGæ T6ID I6OLDÜLY
4.5.2 606JFTHGLD
4.5.3 0L`SHJG0
4.5.4 560L`EIHIBLo
455 uGMsn ciôtp N60)LDnLY
4.5.6 D56001 IeTSfîl
4.5.7 DSÖOT LIGTSfi
4.5.8 DGpu
4.5.9 60TGpnj A06N
4.5.10 aflLools sn#5i)
4.5.11 56bsîlLITsO u(5LD AmLIs
4.6 #HJG5TSU
4.6.1 #X5 B5JTXISG,
5T60D
LD, SODySHS615 D
4.6.2 #HJ5 5T60 b5IjIhBT
4.63 BTGauflouyou4sorLD
4.6.4 Q5TÖS05
B|S0»D(SI±lSGHLD
4.6.5 (A
4.6.6 g8601 GATO
4.6.7 b|60
4.6.8 jlas Go
4.6.9 #byGsgsj
4.6.10 BTlgslis
4.6.11 T8ÙUL I,
6orD
4.26
47.1 U6ÞOTL LOITMI QNoTls (p6Mm
4.27
4.7.2 ISOBITLq,60T(5L 6ÖT 61606l5 QgTLjs 4.27
47.3 ILI4 60TLILITGO)AUL6ÞT 6J600l5CLDSUT6oI 60) LD
4.28
4.7.4 6JGo+lsij85 6rlsßt miy 4.29
4.29
4.7.6 BITEITAIE5TLg, UrIEsITIQ 4.30
4.7.7 6li6 5siT 4.30
4.7.8 LILI6ÖT 56
4.31
4.8 5L6U BLS bTG56is Gempjssrlst Qouom 4.31
4.8.1 L6) Lbl ETDJIT}UHMG 256UTGfu Gsmgsßr 4.33
4.9 GM 6l6otT5EóT 4.37
4.10 QuM 6l6oT`BÍT 4.37
5.1

5.1 b6 Gsf Qu`sD 5.1

52 DbuI NG30aon GumymLLBSo 515lpjssir 5.2

5.2.1 LDSTHLDIT BITIb5) 5.2

5.2.2 Gb5TRITOg sbSg GUITe 5.2


5.2.3 jsnj 6Ü6UÜUTÚI IGL6U 5.3
5.2.4 G5TITA) (G6i96OT GBTSCsu 5.3
5.2.5 6J5j6UTGU GB5 5.3
5.2.6 LITGU 5IÅJBITSJSUB0 5.4
5.4

5.3.1 yal G5lGÖT 5.4


5.3.2 GÜJLD6O*luw A6T 5.4
5.3.3 asTg STH5 GDJST 5.5

5.3.4 HJ 65lJSÜ 5.5

5.3.5 le. A5bIJÙ 5.6

5.3.6 . Gs.Qle6r1. JITgGÖT 5.6

XVII
53.7 GsM606IHLIJD60oîLJLD
538 Bv660ÜTLLÂIJLDLD`E

GaugbTGÐLIT0,
6LLQULDLOSÖT
5.3.9
2junsooil LI
5.3.10
5.3.11g6ÝT16oT60TLD6DEV
54 AöbuJITl6T LgUGS5ol
5.4.1 6(5IHGGTDUSU

5.4.2 6lj
54.3 5bBGDILD
54.4 UIMGD91Gy
5.4.5 QLomy
5.4.6 66U6)
5.4.7 ugö% QUD0GIH56T
5.4.8 60)60

56.1 Aã LDG`GISIGslcß TLDLUID

5.6.4 T5 1la60F

5.6.6 135\DGH5|5lifso IQUD


5.6.7 GrÜ 50ÞTL (DI3yLD,
5.7 B6ÖQ6uLG861 606NfUD
5.7.1 bTL I46U
58 Gn5QluggÜllq 561560Q6G`5i1
5.8.1 GT9öGzTS0)60ulsöT
5.8.2 GT(gaGm606ulsr 6l60)H5Í
5.8.2.1 fBLGLT6O60
5.8.2.2 L6u 60)60
5.8.2.3 H(6T 60)60
5.8.2.4 GDDDDD GOAU 5.23
5.8.2.5 BITGoT606)
5.23
5.8.2.6 lGDbSJ MU 5.23
5.8.2.7 D60016l60)601 R606
5.23
5.8.2.8 ETGoIT606)
5.23
5.23
5.9.1 blgmsö 6JS00T `5LD 5.24
5.25
5.9.3 Q5TOOUAGuT6OTTLUE 5.26
5.9.4 q ITij6OUITMI 5.27
5.10 GMI 6l6oT`SÍT 5.28
5.11 Qum) sl6otT`5T 5.29

ABIDÜ`LG G5j4-1 5.30

SDDUSLG G5ja42 5.31

ABIDGÜSLG Gaja4-3 5.32

LDITS1 6oni5T0T-1 5.33


5.34

2
2

22

You might also like