INDEX NO.

: M-254

RAJAT
JAS-ANZ

C
SMRhmerpded by he JAS-ANZ|
Aur,Na 32400102KS

TECHNICAL MANUAL
FOR

DETERMINATION OFZAND h
PARAMETERS (DC ONLY) FOR A
NETWORK AND COMPUTATION
OF Y AND ABCD PARAMETERS

Manufactured by:
PREMIER TRADING CORPORATION
(An ISO 9001:2000 Certified Company)
212/1, Mansarover
Civil Lines, MEERUT.
Phone 0121-2645457, 2654068
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DETERMINATION OFZ AND H PARAMETERS (DC ONLY) ORA

NETWORK AND COMPUTATION OF YAND ABCD PARAMETERS

AIM
To determine z and h parameters (dc only) for a netwrrk anc computation v

and ABCD parameters.

INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED
Experimental setup consists ofthe following:-
1. Two Sections of symmetricai T Nerwork.
2. Two Sections of symmetrical Network.
3 Variable DC Voltage Source
4. Digit:l Multimeter
5. Patch Cords

THEORY
The performance of any electrical/electronics systems, tha study of
electronic/electric network is essential became the system can be
represented
equipment form of electrical/electronics network. Many networks are quite differer
so the analysis for currents, voltages, power or frequency performancc becomess

difficult systematic methods of analysis are developed and employed. If the network
can be reduced or simplified, then it becomes easy understand their
to
performance.
This reduction can be accomplished through use of certain types of simple circuit-

that are equipment in performance.

By Analogy with transmission networks (A, B, C,&& D Parameters), one of thC

posts (normally the part labeled L-1") is called the input port-1 while the other is
teamed as output port-. The port variables are port currents and port voitag1s wi
the standard referenee shown in figure given below.
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10 -02

Two-Port
V Network
V2
1'o 2
For a two port, two linear equation are required among the four variables. There are

the voltages & currents at the input & output port, namely, Vi, I (for the input port)

and V2, l2 (for the output port).

2-Parameters (Open Circuit Impedance Parameters

(Vi, V ) = fl, 12)

V (2) ()D

(Z Z2
V

V Za
)

VaZa lh +Z2 i (i)

With output port open-circuited i.e. I2 = 0 + IR

V Z l
V Input driving point impedance
Z l

V2
Forward trarsfer inipedanc:
from (ii Zi
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With input port open-circuit i.e I

=
0 =
Is

V Reverse transfer impedance, I=0

from (i) Zi2

V2
from (ii) Za Output driving point impedance with
input open-circuited.

10- -02

Z-Parameter

Hybrid Parameters

Hybrid Parameters (h-parameters) would find wide usage in electronic circuit

especially in constructing models for transistor.
We cannot find the parameters of a transistor by open circuiting & she
circuiting, so we collect some parameters by open circuiting the inpuf port & shor

circhiting output port.

V hi h12

h21 hai
V: hl t hi2 V ... (ii)

h1.!+ h22 V2 ... (iv)

CD
With output port open-circuited i.e. I1= 0
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Form (ii) VI = h12 V2

Vi
h12 verse voltage gain with input open circuit.
V2

l2
from (iv) h22 circuited.
output admittance with input open
V2
With output port open-circuit i.e V2 = 0

Vi
from (ii) h Input Impedance with output short circuited.

from (iv) h21 Forward current gain with output short circuited

Transmission (ABCD) Parameters

(V (V2

VI = AV2 + Bl2 ... (v)

CV2 -Dh (iv)

With I2=0 i.e receiving end open-circuit

V
A =Reverse voltage ratio with receiving end open circuited.
V2

C = Transfer admittance with receiving end upen circuited.

V2
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With V20 i.e receiving end short-circuited.

B
v Reverse impedance with receiving end short circuited,
-I2
V=0

D = = Reverse current ratio with the receiving end short cireuite

V=0

V2-Z22
Form (ii) V = -
... (vii)
Za

V2-Zm lh| ... (vii)

Form
() VI =
Zi +Z12 I2
Zo

Z11 Z1Za-Z2 Zan

VI =
V2-
Z2 Za
Comparing from (v), we got

L Z1Z2-Z12 Za
A B

From (vii)
V2 Znla
La Zai
.
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Comparing from (vi), we got

Z
2 2 L Z2 Z2
C D =
Z21 Za Z12

h-Parameters
- Z

V= Zl AZ =
2 Z 2
+
Zi2 l2
V2 Za1l1 +Z22 l2

V2-Z21 L
Z2

V-Za I
V Z I +Zi2
Z

Z12 l2 Zi2 Zal

= Z +

Za2 Z
(Z1Z22-Z2 Za V2 Z12

V2 Zal
Z2

Z Za2-Z12 Z21 Zi2

h=- h12
Z2n Z2
6
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Z
h21 h22
Zn

4k-Ik
h12
2k 2

3k

- k
1
h21
2k 2
1
h22
2k

Unsvmmetrical Network
W -O
12 32

20 Vp
o o
(Vs Z1 Z2 Is
VA Za Za a
Vs Zu Is t Zin Ia

VR= Z21 Is + Z22 IR

Let Is00
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Vs Z12 IR
VR Zn IR
VR5 IR
VR
Z22 = 5 Q

IR

Z Z2 (Unsymmetrical)

Vs 2IR
Vs
Z i 2 =22

CALCULATION &OBSERVATIONS
() ABCD Parameters

R-0)

Transmission VR
Live model

S No. Vs Is VR A=V/V2 | C=I/V2 |

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Gii) Image ParametersS

AB
Zi
CD

BD
Zia
AC

BC
tantan h
VAD
Civ) ZParameters

Vs (Zu Zia s

VR Za
R=0)

Vs Transmission VR
Live moddel

Vs Z1 Is + Zi2 IR

VR=Za1 Is + Zn IR
Vs Z1 Is & VR Z21 Is

S No. Vs Is VR Z=Vis|Z=Va/s

10
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-0)
Transmission|
Live model

SS No. VR Vs Zi2=Vs/IR Za-VR/la

Vs Z12 IR & VR Za2 IR

PROCEDURE

STEP-1
(i) To find out A and C parameters connected voltage supply of 10
sending end (1-1') and open circuit (2-2) receiving end.

ii) Observe the voltage of Vs, Is and VR with the help of voltmeters a
ammeters in the experimental kit.

STEP-2
) To find out B and D receiving end (2-2') is short circuited and supply
10Vis given to sending end (1-1').

i) Cbserve he voitage of Vs, Is and Ia

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STEP-3
reading of Vs, Is and la
() To find out the value of the
from step No 2.
h and hzi take the

STEP-4
To find out the value of h12 and h22 supply the 10OV at receiving end
)
terminal (2-2) and open circuit the sending end terminal(1-1).

(ii) Not down the value of Vs, VR and La.

(11) To find out the image parameters take the value of A,B,C and D from

step No 1 &2.

12
 STUDY& MEASUREMENT OF Z, Y, h & ABCD PARAMETERS

IK IK IK
-
1
SYMMETRICAL
IK
T SECTION

IK

2 6
SYMMETRICAL IK IK
T SECTION

OFF

1
ON FUSE