Important Note 1. On completing your answers, compul ted as malpractice 2. Any revealing of identification, appe usN | T ] 18ME42 Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, July/August 2022 Applied Thermodynamics Time: 3 brs. Max. Marks: 100 Note: 1. Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing ONE full question from each module. 2. Use of Thermodynamics data hand book is permitted. Module-1 a. Derive an expression of air standard efficiency of diesel cycle with neat PV and T-S diagrams (10 Marks) b. An engine with 200mm cylinder diameter and 300mm Stroke length works on diesel cycle. ‘The initial pressure and temperature of air are 0.1 MPa and 27°C. The cutoff is 8% of Stroke volume and compression ratio is 15. Determine i) Pressure and temperature at all salient points Air standard efficiency. (10 Marks) OR a. Explain any two methods of deeming frictional power. (08 Marks) b. The following observations were made during one hour test on a single Stroke oil engine. Bore = 300mm ; Stroke = 450mm; mass of fuel used = 8.8Kg Calorific value = 41800kI/Kg ; Average speed = 200rpm, Mean effective pressure = 5.8 bar, Brake load = 1860N, Mass of cooling water ~ 650Kg, Temperature rise ~ 22°C, Diameter of Brake drum = 1.22 m. Calculate: i) Mechanical efficiency ii) Brake thermal efficiency iii) Draw heat balance sheet on kI/hr basis. (22 Marks) Module-2 a. Derive an expression of optimum pressure ratio for maximum workout put in case of actual Brayton cycle. (10 Marks) b. Air enters the compressor of 2 gas turbine plant operating on Brayton cycle at 101.325KPa, 27°C. The pressure ratio in the cycle is 6, Calculate the maximum temperature in the cycle and cycle efficiency. Assume Wr = 2.SW.. Where Wr and We are the turbine and compressor work respectively. Take r= 1.4. (10 Marks) OR a. With a neat block diagram and T-S diagram, explain how ‘regeneration’ increases thermal efficiency of gas turbine plant. (08 Marks) b. Air is drawn in a gas turbine unit at 15°C and l.0lbar and pressure ratio is 7. The compressor is driven by the high pressure turbine and low pressure turbine drives a separate shaft. The isentropic efficiencies of compressor and HP and LP turbines are 0.82, 085 and 0.85 respectively. [f the maximum cycle temperature is 610°C, find i) The pressure and temperature of the gases entering the power turbine ii) The net power developed by the unit per Kg/sec mass flow. iii) Work ratio iv) Thermal efficiency of the unit Neglect the mass of the five! and assume the following For compression process, Cp, = 1.005 kI/Kg.K and r= 1.4. For combustion and expansion process : Cpg= 1.15 kI/Kg.K and r= 1.33. (12 Marks) . Medule-3 a. Discuss the effect of i) Boiler pressure ii) Condenser pressure iii) Super heat on the performance ofa Rankine cycle (10 Marks) lof20 18ME42 Steam at | bar and 350°C is expanded in a steam turbine to 0.08bar. It them enters the condenser, where it is condensed to saturated liquid water. Assume the turbine and feed pump efficiencies as 80% and 90% respectively. Determine per Kg of steam the network, the heat transferred to the working fluid and Rankine efficiency. (10 Marks) OR Sketch and explain the flow diagram and corresponding T-S diagram of practical regenerative Rankine cycle (10 Marks) ‘A reheat cycle has the first stage supply conditions of 70bar and 500°C. The reheat is at 3 bar and to the same temperature. i) Given that the efficiency of the first stage turbine is 80%, how much energy is added per kg of steam in the reheat coils? ii) Assume that the same expansion efficiency exists in the second turbine. What is the thermal efficiency, if the condenser pressure is 0.03 bars? (10 Marks) Module-4 Explain the effect of super heating and under cooling the refrigerant on the performance of vapour compression reftigeration cycle. (06 Marks) ‘What are the properties of refrigerants? (04 Marks) ‘A vapour compression reffigerator uses methyl Chtoride (R ~ 40) and operates between the temperature limits of -10°C and 45°C. At the entry to the compressor the refrigerant is dry saturated and after the compression it acquires a temperature of 60°C. Find COP of the refrigerator. The relevant properties of R — 40 are as follows [Saturation temperature Entropy [ Liquid | Vapour =10°C 460.7 | 0.183 | 1.637 a5C I [0.485 [1.587 Also find mass of methyl chi of ISTOR. (10 Marks) Define : i) Wet bulb temperature ii) Dew point temperature iii) Relative humidity iv) Specific humidity v) Degree of saturation, (10 Marks) Air is to be conditioned from 40° C (DBT) and 50% RH to a final temperature of 20°C (DBT) and 40% RH, by de-humidification process, followed by a reheat process. Assuming that the entire process is at constant pressure of 101.325 KPa, determine i) The amount of water to be removed from air ii) The temperature of air leaving the dehumidifier iii) Refrigeration in tons for air flow rate of 0.47m’/sec iv) Heating required in kW (10 Marks) Module-5 Derive an expression for minimum work input by two stage compressor with intercooler. (10 Marks) A single stage single acting reciprocating air compressor has a bore of 200mm and Stroke of 300mm. {t receives air at | bar and 20°C and delivers it at 5.5 bar. If the compression follows the law PV'? = C and clearance volume is 5% of the Stroke volume, determine : i) Mean effective pressure ii) Power required to drive the compressor if it runs at SOOrpm. (10 Marks) OR Derive an expression of critical pressure ratio which gives maximum discharge through the nozzle (10 Marks) Steam at | Sbar and 250°C is expanded in a nozzle to | bar. For a discharge of 0.Skg/sec find throat and exit diameter for maximum discharge conditions. Assume the nozzle efficiency as 90% (10 Marks) 2of2Re: Sir, regarding QP Scheme Modifications "DrM S Govinde Gowda’ Sebteeter 0, 2072 91M, To: [email protected] Dear Sir, PEA for the corrected and verified scheme and solution for 18ME42-ATD and 18ME43-FM for your kind notice and approval With regards Dr, M.S.Govinde Gowda ‘Academic Senate Member, VTU & Chairman, BOS, Mechanical Board, VTU and Dean(Academics) ATME College of Engineering 13th Kilometer, Mysore-Bannur-Bangalore Road MYSORE -570 028, Karnataka State Mob: 9972940201 / 9008097764 Web: www.atme.in (On Tue, Sep 27, 2022 at 11:19 AM wrote:nF / } i Mh Visvesvaraya Technological University Belagavi, Karnataka - 590 018 — - 4 Scheme & Solutions Siqnetd of Sratinicer Subject Title: APP\jed Thovenodywarnics Subject Code: (8 MEG2 = ~ ja | cesta Solution ee al — | ¢ PV-TS diagram=2M. | | 1a | Devivetion of 6 {) M=f(temperatures)=4M \o Van = 1-4 a — =4M. | .= | Ro! (e-) e <3 w)| Vs = 9-42 x10 wa} i ~ |Alterhate Method ¢ = 6.93 Kat seo? KY | nf 4 Z P= Nas 224 -@m , Mi ( L — Pa) -@m™ oiy = 59-821 T. kK Paz GG.3 bd Ty: B86.2S z 69.48k | Paz eG. 3x Tae 1869 , fs 1 Tes 953.32kK 2” bys aay bem I" : Ex plention Of amy dug weelGods me A dakocensnivg brectinel Por Gta) 4 Bez 23-716 KY DO y= 17-367 o-| | Ee> Jo. TH KY G- = 25 . mye: BE oe BET O- \te-1:I¢ is not clear whether it is a single cylinder with 2-stroke or 4-stroke, ce IP and Mechanical efficiency cannot be found out. Then BP = 4M and 1),,=3M | te-2:If any one assumed as single/double cylinder with 2-stroke or 44stroke, ordingly marks to he awarded for IP and Mechanical efficiency.Subject Tie: POpPlked (Oxcwmodycorm 5 Sunject Code: (BMEG2 Marks | Solution, Allocated pelanc Abe om Kiliy lane Res ofp ier | 7 3 ») Bw | i] &s= 367-8mdl Oe = oS | Co Beare | too | Toth | - 7 aq Derivation of Rp= [ ‘7 a 20y-) 4m | lo PV or TS diagram=2M =f(temps | wat tures)=4M | | Vat ak (a= Soo-§ San Ty: 190K -—fy Tg= lasik @o 2 ho}. ©a | 10 | OR | | La) Extlesation Of Yonerstion Prous to | | Imueere 1x (Geom — ebbluenty —(@n | g ToS Bienen 2% bleu deapwny QO ry | | T 5 oat | eo) S | |Sumber Apple® (Cormodby-caimd 4 Sunject Code: [BME G2 | Marks Solution Fick T,= 502.16 k | Te S44. Wee -262-G1K ki @ a ( Tats @S4-76b=T5 Ty= 614-46 | PQs Ps 1656 bor a Wypre Tuxbtne Hoxk = 262.67 iw -¢@ | 580.5K _ _ 65a76k 4 | | Tes Sed-05 6 TS = Stay k 597K | | Tete SSK 72.1 ki/kg, | Jusbiee Work, Yeors 94°79 5 eC | ws , Netnosk, Waet = 121 koto | Nove veatlo =0.2/ -@- 18.8% . | Ms Sok @- (2 | Effet a Ci) boil Prema -@ | with appropriate (|) Conde Prroiwe (0 sketches Cit) pe . -© (0 | h 2 Molier Chart — fF From Shaerteble eA 1h at P= Ae be a . . vey = 3s0¢ 3 3170 t \ as ON has 384 bd ge h3 = 2630 kJ/kg “3 Sys Fto4y ——_» © From steam table at P,=0.08 bar fate 3 is in the ~0.001 3, So: Sy superheated state Yee ODDS) tte Be ( ; hy=hy=173.9 kj/kg, (Si> S4pe HT *F53)“Subject"Tile: PpPPlied Thorwmodyramics Subject Code: ISMEG2 _ Marks [ Question Solution | Allgeated Number } Mire bach! \h ter | pos | Actal Dusen Los, We= VE CO, Pedmio'iny “ (Pe = eo). QD - | Aus , ea - See) "y, I Hote Supled, Oc hy-We Ic Net Mork clone We SuA a lo Meee ig wo Rentmre eB = ee aaa Note: Any small variations can be treated as correct answer 6a) Eloo diaper -® ee | Too deepen OB) yy | (o Ey platen - ©) y : h. Subject Hide: AO Ped (Qreme dy narey C4 Subject Code: [EMEG2 [Qu a a nal Marks: Solution, alk From, Moller chat, has 3400 KT] leg | bys 269 ee » Age ar hs = 2ye0 8g Prop Horie, Hes ve CP, Pg\xwo : [He Dei} Elks Ru Wee hi- he hye log keg From tel, bee Ayes tof cj Wr=600K/kg 4 we wher = 264 wah | te W=816 kJ/kg, & | Cmesty cotded fm vehi it = a ay | a 700 | Qu=h,-h,=3302 kJ/kg CRne See) eg © Qs=Qu+Qan=4008 kJ/kg F ej Thoveel = OPP easy aw le iy = Note: Small variations in reading the enthalpies shall be treated as correct values to award full marks Dwi /. . ) Ub Up wating (3 with appropriste ¢ 7 ay Ebbert COP-h or T-s diagram | (ir) Egbed ge rds SobmG ; ) Dagixeble Proputia Op TM secant « eh DD | ae bo Ts 2erk Iat= Ts 'ek Ty = Tp 222KSabjedt Tike: NOplved [Curerod y wuns Subject Code: (EME G2 (See i ae | $,~S2 T So,+ Ssa+ cp bs Tests | Th Cet 10g bye hae 4607 ke | kf bye haar Op Tyy- Tew) = Soe ler hae hoy = (M22 by -@)- d | | coep= hoy _ eas ©. ach Gi) Me ay weltyl Chloride = Cohenty Heute abtnbad | = {(Seisu ievowerrale | we | (CET S| | [pe | or P=m(hg-hy)=0.16(500-460.7)= 6.29kW 34 Debeaition (2*D ‘ ») Evo chant | | cays 0-023 y= 0-92 hig, his tes SE | } s kr 3 Gy Das 0:06 bys 1 eS t,= Gre Us 9-06 hy- 35 kfc a on = 0-5) KSfsec (3) — Ci) frnqued of rider removed, 2,05 = 0 -017.B) | | / | i) Tompewette oye leaving [Cy Ao- heniaibnet (i) oO, ( 5 (CeSubject Lite: APPL: ed The Sq soney CS Subject Codes (GME G2 Question Solutio Marks Number ae Miocated nh & 1) Rebws wo, = Nay tod < Cap Rebsigeretinn, = 1-44 tot | i ™ | 1c (i) Heating tas| Cofpeety = 44d ko Note: Full marks shall be awarded if small variations in enthalpies readings. qo) Dexwelion, We 2 AY (ey zt , ~~" Vg= 0.00942 | \ » Nez SNe 7 | i ' = 9.00047 ™ & 4 { | Ne tNy re y *v 0.00984 * Pah “= Pav Nye 0-00 194 =p VYoluvee Gh Ov dcliwud, Va=V,- MG Liuvic done Ly (Ge Campruser = W < T ME | We © . Piva} fi ma l i - { Ws [702 Nes oF QD net WD (i) reas eftrecte Prete an Pant gotfba 2 ; aD Me of Pour weburad, P= a Le gles Alternative Method: P. > ken eH P. [P= pp 7b iokem wa Ry B r O va 0.068 = 1% =0,068m'is S 60 i= Op. = 0.081 kg 's P=subject Tite: OP ed Torrodey ra ‘Question Solution Dewvation Pa _ ma a 2 ky ————=>2 | ma | ye 7] he(Sa [Bi cear «Reng e. 2 Fron h-s Aiatven, mi Sb OT = aSse, hye 3420 @-*3 M- Pye Batsba, hae 2800 ki) Tops (80C Vie 03 Wley © | BL Py. Van ye 2440 @ - Veloaty ale Ternal, Var 4G aa yhky | Nye & 99.89 “te om: ALVa . a Fi As Zeb me” mn -Bazecdm -@ es ys 2476 Kes | wok 10 \ - Approved by toothy et @rib, Wyle Kb yyoby 9423 a Was aul