MECHANICAL SERVICES

SPECIFICATION

Technical Requirements
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AFCEE Iraq Interim Construction Standards 2 Mechanical Services

CONTENTS

1. Centrifugal Water Chiller, Water Cooled

2. Hot Water Boiler Electric Type
3. Cooling Tower
4. (A) Split Type Air Conditioner with Air Cooled Condensing Unit
(B) Air Cooled Split Air Conditioner
5. Window Type Air Conditioner
6. Packaged Air Conditioner Unit
7. Cold Rooms
8. Humidifier, Steam Grid Type
9. Pump, Horizontally Spilt Case
10. Pump, End Suction
11. Piping
12. Valves
13. Fittings, Unions and Joints
14. Strainer "Y" Type
15. Strainer "Duplex" Type
16. Flexible Connector for Pipes
17. Pressure Gauges, Thermometers, and Flow Meters
18. Air Vents
19. Differential Pressure Switch
20. Refrigerant Piping
21. Expansion and Feed Water Tank
22. Low Velocity Water Ductwork
23. Sheet Metal Accessories
24. Thermal Insulation
25. Supply Air Register
26. Return of Exhaust Air Register
27. Supply Air Diffuser
28. Return of Exhaust Air Diffuser (Square or Rectangular)
29. Supply Air Diffuser (Round Type)
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30. Return or Exhaust Air Diffuser (Round Type)

31. Supply Air Linear Diffuser
32. Return or Exhaust Air Linear Diffuser
33. Fresh and Exhaust Air Louvers
34. Door Grille
35. Kitchen Exhaust Hood
36. Single Zone Air Handling Units
37. Zoning Damper
38. Isolating Valves
39. Fan Coil Units
40. Air Filters
41. Fans-Propeller Type (Wall Mounted)
42. Fans-Centrifugal Type (Wall Mounted)
43. Centrifugal Roof Exhauster
44. Centrifugal Power Supply Fan
45. Fans, In-Line
46. Utility Exhaust Fan
47. Air Flow Balance and Test
48. Automatic Temperature Control System
49. System Tests

1- Centrifugal Water Chiller Water Cooled

a) General: The water chiller shall use a halocarbon refrigerant and complete with
cooler, condenser, compressor, electric motor, instrument and gauge panel,
operating and safety controls, vibration isolation bases and all required auxiliaries.
Assembled units shall be pressure and leak tested, then evacuated, charged with
refrigerant and lubricating oil and given an operating test before shipment.
According to ARI standard or ASME code.

b) Compressor and Motor: The compressor-motor combination shall be of

accessible hermetic construction, having full forced-feed lubrication to all
wearing surfaces such as bearings and gears. Impeller and shafts shall be statically
and dynamically balanced as an assembly. Provide suitable thrust bearings and
line bearings. All moving parts shall be readily replaceable. Provision shall be
made for automatic, unloading of the compressor during the startup period.

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Compressor motor shall have suitable insulation and shall be equipped

with integral protection having temperature anticipation. Cooling is accomplished
without deducting from the net refrigeration capacity specified.

c) The motor shall be suitable for 3 phase 400 volts and 50Hz with main power
factor of 0.91 at full load 0.8 at 20% capacity.

d) Lubrication System: Compressor is equipped with complete forced feed

lubrication system. The oil pump driven by an electric motor of hermetic type.
On discharge from pump the oil is cooled to the suitable temperature by means
of high efficient oil cooler making use of refrigerant as coolant.
The lubrication system shall be interlocked so that pressure is supplied
prior to start up and until the shaft stops rotating on shut down. The system shall
include, oil heater, oil strainer, thermostat, level indicator, relief valve, pressure
gauge, thermometer and pressure control assembly. Auxiliary lubrication to be
supplied by pump driven from main drive shaft to provide lubrication during
electric shut-down.

e) Cooler and Condenser: Cooler and condenser shall be shell and tube type
designed for 10atm water side working pressure, with replaceable integral
seamless finned copper tubes mechanically expanded into steel tube sheets.
Intermediates tube supports shall be provided to prevent motion between the
tubes. Cooler shall be provided with properly designed baffles and eliminates of
anti-corrosive durable materials to prevent carry-over of refrigerant. Condenser
shall be provided with adequate gas distribution passages and a perforated plate
impingement baffle.

f) Insulation: Evaporator section with all associated piping and water heads and
motor casing shall be factory insulated with closed cell foam insulation. No
condensation of water vapor shall be allowed at all external cold parts of the
machine.

g) Controls: Automatic control system shall be electric type. All safety and control
devices shall be suitable for 220v, single phase, 50Hz AC. Provide control panel
of an approved design, completely factory wired and contains, at minimum, the
following built-in devices:

1. Differential oil pressure switch.

2. Anti-freeze temperature cut-out, manual reset.
3. Temperature controller, automatic reset.
4. High pressure cut-out, manual reset.
5. Low pressure cut-out, automatic reset.
6. Ampere meter, hours of operation, number of starts.
7. Chilled water flow suspension cut-out switch.
8. Control circuit fuses.
9. High pressure gauge, low pressure gauge and oil pressure gauge.
10. Start-stop switch with indicator lamp.

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The control console also contains safety controls for high oil temperature,
high motor temperature, and low oil pressure to prevent the machine from
operating if one of the safety controls registers abnormal conditions. All safety
controls, except the low oil pressure, shall be arranged in a lockout circuit
provided with reset push-button and individual pilot lights on the face of the
panel.
A suitable capacity controller shall be provided with a load limit device to
limit the current to the compressor motor to a safe maximum, and a demand
limiter device from 40% to 100% full load current. Provide pump starter
interlocks, pressure stat or flow switches so that unit cannot operate unless full
flow is provided in condenser and cooler water circuits.

h) Capacity Control: Capacity control system for each unit shall consist of
automatically controlled cast bronze variable inlet guide vanes which provide
continually variable capacity from 10% to 100% output.
Vanes shall be driven by an electric operator under the control of the water
temperature thermostat. System includes automatic stopping at minimum return
water temperature and automatic re-starting. Provide a timing device to prevent
more than two starts in one hour period. Main motor is protected against overload
operation by regulating inlet guide vanes through the current limiting device.

i) Purge System: Provide a purge system for each unit. System shall consist of
motor driven compressor and an electrically heated oil separator, suction pressure
regulating valve, automatic on-off electronic device, SERVICE valve, condenser
and sectionalized separator drum permitting separation of the non-condensable
gasses and water. A valve relieves non-condensables to atmosphere and a float
valve returns refrigerant to the evaporator. The purge system shall be provided
only when a sub-atmospheric refrigerant is used.

j) Vibration Isolation: Provide cork, rubber isolation pads, or spring isolators

where units are located on supporting structures sufficiently resilient to permit
objectionable vibration to be carried to occupied areas.

k) Motor Starter: Provide star-delta, closed transition starter or auto transformer

starter as preferred by manufacturer.

l) Pipe Connection: The machine has water boxes of flanged pipe connection in the
piping adjacent to the machine to allow removal of headers for inspection,
cleaning, or removal tubes. Two 15mm valved connection shall be provided in
water lines at machine side or the condenser and evaporator shut-off valves for
future chemical cleaning.

m) Installation: Unit shall be set on a flat level suitably reinforced concrete pad as
shown or drawings – spring type or corrugated rubber pads isolators shall be used
between the unit and the floor.

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2- Hot Water Boiler Electric Type

a) Type: The electric hot water boiler shall be a complete package, factory
assembled, and ready to be connected to service wiring and water piping.

b) Capacity: The capacity shall be as shown on the drawings and indicated in the
schedule.

c) Heating Element: The immersion heating element shall be of industrial grade

and shall be mounted mechanically by stainless steel bolts. The watt density of the
heating blades shall not exceed 75 watts per square inch (11.6 watts per square
cm) and each blade shall be incoloy copper sheathed and assembled into a tube
sheet in such a way that field replacement of any single blade can be
accomplished at the job site. Element shall be arranged to utilize delta wiring for
three phase, 50 cycle, volts power.

d) Controls: Controls and boiler trim shall include:

1. Manual reset high limit aquastat.

2. Proportional temperature control with multistep of control.
3. An on-off switch.
4. Pilot light.
5. Control circuit transformer and relay.
6. Contactors.
7. Fuses.
8. Lugs for connection of service wires.
9. Control power shall be 240v/50Hz.
10. Pressure – temperature gauge.
11. ASME certified relief valves.
12. Drain valve connection.
13. Low water cut-off.
14. Manual disconnect unfused switch to be provided adjacent to the unit.
15. Water flow suspension cut-out switch.

e) Tank: Tank shall be fully isolated with a minimum of 2" (50mm) fiberglass
insulation and equipped with a steel jacket having a minimum of 18 gauge steel
with enamel finish. Tank shall be unconditionally guaranteed for twenty years
against all defects in workmanship and materials and shall be constructed and
stamped in accordance with the latest applicable ASME code and pressure vessel
inspectors.

f) Valves and Connections: The boiler vessel shall be equipped with flanged inlet
and outlet. All valves shall be rated not less than 150 psig (10.55 kgm/cm2) and
have replaceable seats.

g) U.l. Label: The complete package shall be supplied with U.L. certification and
labeling.

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h) Operation: The hot water circulating pump shall start first manually, then the
electric heater(s) are energized. The heating element of the electric water boiler
shall be interlocked to prevent energized when the hot water circulating pump is
not operating.

3- Cooling Tower

a) General: Cooling tower shall be of the type, and have the capacity, shown on the
schedule. It shall be complete with casing, basin, hot water distribution, float
valve, fan(s), drain connection, overflow connection, bleed off connection and
suitable mounting base. Tower shall be treated for corrosion protection coat.

b) Casing: Casing shall be manufactured of steel not lighter than 16 gauge, hot dip
galvanized after fabrication. Construction shall be welded or bolted with stainless
steel or hot dip galvanized steel bolts.

c) Louvers and Eliminators: Louvers and eliminators shall be manufactured of

identical material as specified for the casing above. The thickness of the material
shall be sufficient to withstand the duty without sagging, splitting or cracking. Hot
dip galvanized (steel or copper) air inlet screens shall be provided on air intake.
Screens shall be 15 mm mesh.

d) Fill: Tower fill shall be manufactured of hot dip galvanized steel or polyvinyl. Fill
shall be free to expand and contract without deformation or warping. It shall be
suitably supported to eliminate sagging.

e) Fan: Fan shall be of the type shown on the schedule, constructed of hot dip
galvanized steel (after fabrication) or aluminum and suitably mounted. Fan shall
be statically and dynamically balanced at the factory. Fan drive shall be as
specified on the schedule. Fan bearings shall be of the heavy duty type and
mounted in an accessible location. Bearings shall be provided with accessible
lubrication fittings. All fans, drives and motors shall be provided with guards and
screens.

f) Collection Basin: Basin shall be constructed of heavy 10 gauge (or heavier) steel
plates and shall be hot dip galvanized after fabrication. Basin shall be provided
with float valve assembly, overflow, drain and screened non-cavitating pump
suction.

g) Access Doors: Access panels or doors shall be provided to facilitate maintenance,

inspection and repair.

h) Motor: Motor shall be suitable for outdoor use and with isolation class "F" for
high ambient temperature. Drives shall be v belt taper lock sheaves selected for

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150% of the motor horse power. Galvanized steel drive guards shall be provided
on-all belt drives.

i) Hot Water Distribution : Hot water distribution shall be gravity or pressure

type. Gravity type shall consist of basin constructed of 16 gauge hot dip
galvanized steel with splash baffle, holes for even distribution of incoming water.
Pressure distribution shall consist of bronze, non-clog spray nozzles that are easily
removable for cleaning. Spray nozzle pipe shall be standard weight galvanized
steel or copper, factory cut and threaded.

j) Supports: Tower shall be provided with suitable weather and corrosion protected
mounting base manufactured of steel I-beam or channels.

k) Capacity: Rated capacity shall be based on 4400 watts (15000 btu/hr), heat
rejection capacity for each rated ton of refrigeration.

4-(A) Split Type Air Conditioner with Air Cooled Condensing Unit

a) Unit: The air conditioner shall be a split-type air conditioner for application with
R-22 refrigerant, and shall be composed of a cooling unit and a condensing unit,
with one or two refrigeration cycles, electrical and enclosing cabinets. Optional
accessories shall also be provided upon customer request. The condensing unit
shall be completely weather proof for outdoor installation, and the cooling unit
shall be designed for indoor installation. The condensing unit and the cooling unit
shall be properly assembled, internally piped and wired, and thoroughly tested
and holding charged with R-22 refrigerant at the factory.

b) Capacity: Unit capacity shall be as indicated on the drawings.

c) Condensing Unit:

1. Cabinet: The cabinet shall be constructed of galvanized or finished steel, baked

with synthetic resin paint. The service panels shall be easily removable for
service to electrical components, compressors, condensers, and condenser fans.

2. Refrigeration Cycle: Each refrigeration cycle shall be equipped with a hermetic

compressor, an air-cooled condenser coil, a check joint for high pressure and a
check joint for low pressure.

3. Compressor: The compressor shall be a hermetic reciprocating compressor of the

same manufacturer. The starting method shall be the direct-on-line type. The
hermetic compressor shall be the welded shell type, and shall be spring
suspended internally. The compressor shall be mounted on vibration-proof
rubber in the condensing unit.

4. Condenser fan and condenser fan motor: The condenser fan shall be the
aluminum propeller type, dynamically and statically balanced, and the condenser
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fan shall be directly driven by a motor for up-flow air discharge. The motor shall
be permanently lubricated, and protected from water invasion.

5. Condenser: The air cooled coil shall be the multi pass, cross-finned tube type,
equipped with high efficient aluminum fins, mechanically bonded to oxygen-free
copper tubes. The coil shall be cleaned, dehydrated and tested for leakage at the
factory.

6. Compressor Protection: The compressor shall be protected against breakdown by

a mercury overcurrent relay, a high pressure switch, a low pressure switch, a
cycling protection circuit, a discharge gas thermostat and a built-in internal
thermostat.

d) Cooling Unit:

1. Evaporator: The evaporator shall be the multi pass cross-finned tube type,
equipped with high efficient aluminum fins, mechanically bonded to seamless,
oxygen free copper tubes. The fins shall be spaced at max. 12 fins per 25.4 mm.
the coil shall be cleaned, dehydrated, and tested for leakage at the factory.

2. Evaporator fan and evaporator fan motor: The evaporator fan shall be the
forward-curved, multi-blade centrifugal type, statically and dynamically
balanced, and v-belt or direct-drive fan motor. The evaporator fan motor shall be
permanently lubricated.

e) Control: All electrical control devices, except for the field-supplied room
thermostat assembly, shall be enclosed in a weatherproof location of the unit. In
addition to the compressor protection devices, the unit shall be provided with
fuses for the control circuit, and auxiliary relays.

4- (B) Air-Cooled Split Air Conditioner

The air-cooled split air conditioner shall be composed of an indoor unit

with refrigeration cycles and air cooled remote condenser for application with R-
22 refrigerant. The indoor unit shall include an evaporator, compressor(s),
evaporator fan(s), a fan motor, and other auxiliary and control components
enclosed in a cabinet for indoor installation. Optional accessories shall also be
provided upon customer request. The air-cooled remote condenser shall include
condensers, condenser fan(s), fan motor(s), and other auxiliary components
enclosed in a weather proof cabinet. Both units shall be properly assembled,
internally wired, thoroughly tested and holding charged with R-22 refrigerant at
the factory.

a) Capacity: The total cooling capacity of the air-cooled split air conditioners shall
be indicated on drawings.

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b) Indoor Unit

1. Cabinet: The cabinet shall be constructed of finished steel, baked with

synthetic resin paint for front and side panels, and galvanized steel for top and
rear panels. The cabinet interior shall be insulated by incombustible and self-
extinguishable adiabatic material. The service panels shall be easily
removable for service access to the unit components.

2. Refrigeration Cycle: Each refrigeration cycle shall be equipped with a stop

valve for liquid inlet, a fusible plug, a strainer, capillary tubes, an evaporator
coil, a compressor and a stop valve for the gas outlet. A check joint for high
pressure and a check joint for low pressure shall also be provided for each
refrigeration cycle of all units. A high pressure gauge and a low pressure
gauge shall be provided for each refrigeration cycle.

3. Compressor: The unit shall contain hermetic multi-cylinder reciprocating

compressor(s) from the same manufacturer. Each compressor shall be the
direct-on-line type, and equipped with vibration proof rubber. The hermetic
compressor shall be the welded shell type, and shall be spring suspended
internally.

4. Evaporator Coil: The evaporator coil shall be the multi-pass cross-finned tube
type, equipped with aluminum plate fins, mechanically bonded to seamless
oxygen-free copper tubes. The fins shall be spaced at more than 12 fins per
25.4 mm. the coils shall be cleaned, dehydrated and tested for leakage at the
factory.

c) Evaporator Fan Section: The evaporator fan(s) shall be the forward curved
centrifugal type, statically and dynamically balanced, and belt driven by a motor
or with direct drive type fan motor. The fan motor shall be permanently
lubricated.

1. Filters – washable filters shall be equipped at the air intake of the unit.

2. Protection Devices – Each compressor shall be protected against a breakdown

by a quick response overcurrent relay, a pressure switch and a built-in internal
thermostat. A crankcase heater shall also be equipped. The evaporator fan
motor and condenser fan motor(s) shall be protected from overload operation
by thermal overcurrent relays equipped in the unit.

3. Control – the unit shall be equipped with operation switch(es), pilot lamp(s) and
a thermostat mounted on the unit control panel. The operation switch shall
include a OFF-ON-COOL (HEAT) three position push button switch and a
COOL-HEAT selection switch. The operation control shall conform to manual
starting, automatic continuous operation whenever the thermostat requires and
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the protection devices allow, and a manual resetting system after activation of a
protection device.

d) Outdoor Unit

1. Cabinet - the cabinet shall be constructed of finished steel, baked with synthetic
resin paint. The fan guard wire net shall be mounted on the top of the unit.

2. Refrigeration Cycle – the condenser shall be composed of one refrigeration

cycle, and shall be composed if a gas inlet connection, a condenser coil and a
liquid outlet connection.

3. Condenser Coil – The condenser coil(s) shall be the multi-pass cross-finned

tube type, equipped with aluminum plate fins mechanically bonded to seamless
oxygen-free copper tubes. The coil(s) shall be cleaned, dehydrated and tested
for leakage at the factory.

4. Condenser Fan and Motor – The condenser fan(s) shall be the aluminum
propeller type, statically and dynamically balanced, and each fan shall be
directly driven by a motor for up-flow air discharge. The motors shall be
permanently lubricated, and shall be protected from water invasion.

5- Window Type Air Conditioner (Cooling and Heating)

a) The contractor shall finish and install air cooled through the wall air conditioner
in the buildings as indicated on the drawings.

b) Total cooling capacity for each shall be as indicated on the drawings. Unit
temperature according to climatic conditions given in the specifications.
c) Total heating capacity for each shall be as indicated on the drawings. Heaters
shall be electric type.

d) Controls shall be factory wired and completely enclosed within the unit, fan
control shall be 2 or 3-positions switch for high medium and low fan speeds for
cooling and heating. Exhaust vent control shall be to close the vent, or opened to
introduce fresh air to the room.

e) The compressor shall be rubber shock mounted and internally spring mounted for
quiet operation and vibration isolation. The compressor shall be hermetically
sealed steel case and sprayed with black epoxy paint.

f) Evaporator and condenser coils shall have copper as the primary surface and
aluminum fins for the secondary surface acopillary restrictor shall be the metering
device for the refrigeration system.

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g) Evaporator and condenser fans shall be direct driven with a common motor.
Evaporator fan shall be centrifugal type and condense fan shall be propeller type.

h) Air deflectors shall be provided on the discharge air grille for adjustment of
supply air in vertical and horizontal directions.

i) Casing shall be one–piece sleeve U-channel reinforced wall installations. It shall

be fabricated from 18 gauge zinc coated steel and shall include on outside drille.
Finish of grille and casing shall be two coats of baked-on epoxy resin enamel.

j) The base unit shall be slide in chassis with pull-out handle.

6- Packaged Air Conditioner Unit

a) The unit shall be of the completely self contained horizontal with factory wired
controls and factory assembled components and piping. The unit shall be
completely weather proof for outdoor installation. Unit shall include air-cooled
condenser, direct expansion evaporator, supply air fan, hermetic compressor,
expansion valve, liquid line sight glass, filter drier, control panel, electric heater,
complete charge of refrigerant R-22, and all operating and safety controls.

b) Capacity: Unit capacity and performance shall be as indicated on the drawings.

c) Casing: The casing shall be constructed of zinc coated steel, phosphatized with
epoxy resin prime and finished with enamel for weather proof protection. All
cabinet panels shall be 16 gauge steel. Removable panels shall provide access to
all working parts. Supply air fan enclosure shall be lined with 25 mm fiber glass
coated with heavy layer of betchumastic material.

d) Condenser Fan and Motor: The unit shall be furnished with direct driven
propeller type fans arranged for vertical discharge. Condenser fan motor shall be
totally enclosed, weather proof type insulated and shall be of the permanently
lubricated type, resiliently mounted. Each fan shall have a safety guard and
integral water slinger device.

e) Compressor: The unit compressor shall be of the hermetic design with external
spring isolators and crank case heater.

f) Coils: Condenser and evaporator coils shall be constructed of aluminum plate fins
mechanically bonded to copper tubes.

g) Fan: The indoor air fan shall be of the forward curved centrifugal type double
inlet, belt driven by an electric motor, bearings shall be of the permanently
lubricated type. Motor shall be provided with variable pitch pulley.

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h) Filters: The unit shall be provided with 25 mm thick washable filters. Filters
media shall be non-ferrous wire mesh. If the unit is not provided with a filter box
in the return air duct. Air velocity through the filters shall not exceed 2.5 m/sec.

i) Heaters: The unit heater shall be of the electric resistance type. Each heater
assembly shall include circuit breakers, contactors, manual reset high temperature
limiting device and air flow switch.

j) Control: The unit shall be supplied with a remote, wall mounted control
thermostat. This device shall include manual adjustable room thermostat, suitable
for heating and cooling, On-Off switch, Heat-Cool selector switch. The operation
of the indoor supply fan shall be effected by the On-Off switch. Cooling cycle
operation shall be under the control of the room thermostat and the satisfaction of
all cooling safety devices. Heating cycle shall be under the control of the room
thermostat and the satisfaction of all the heating safety devices. An interlock shall
be provided to ensure the operation of the cooling or heating cycles only if the
indoor supply fan is energized.

7- Cold Rooms

Construction of Cold Rooms: The construction of the cold stores shall be vermin, insect
and termite proof. Shall consist of:

a) Walls and Ceilings: Shall be insulated with 100mm thickness polyurethane foam
(K factor 0.0224 watts/ m o C) internally and externally finished in white plastic
covered 24 gauge sheet steel except where built into structural frame.

b) Floors – shall be insulated with 100mm thickness polyurethane foam insulation

externally protected with 24 gauge rigidised aluminum alloy sheeting and
internally protected with 16mm gauge galvanized sheet steel with a non-slip
finish.

c) Construction – shall be in sectional panels with male and female edges, locked
together by an interior operated gear/cam locking device, 3 per side section edge
and 2 or 3 per top and bottom. Corners shall be made with purpose-made section
panels (no join between sections at corner). All joint between sections shall be
suitably sealed with a non-hard setting mitic or similar. Bungs shall be provided
in the locking device access holes.

d) Doors: Shall be surface mounted self-closing, walk-in type, constructed in the

same materials as walls, edges reinforced with steel to accommodate double
hinges and slam-action door fastener with internal release. Doors shall have a
229mm × 229mm window in thermopane glass and rubber overlap seals at all
edges. In addition the deep freeze store shall have an electric 0.4 Kw, continuous

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strip type heated door seal. Locks shall be provided on all doors and shall be of
the staple lock type with quick release service for internal use.
Galvanized door cills shall be provided to protect the cold store edges. The
deep freeze store shall have a pressure relief valve mounted in a wall panel
section adjacent to the door for pressure equalization purposes. All stores shall be
fitted with a bulkhead lighting fitting with protective glass cover and switched
from outside the cold stores. A 100mm dial thermometer located outside the store
and mounted adjacent to the door with remote sensing bulb suitably located
within the store shall be provided on each door. Doors shall be labeled with an
engraved aluminum plate stating the cold store chamber, store function and
normal operating temperature.

e) Evaporators: Each cold store shall be provided with a 1/240/50 fan assisted,
ceiling mounted. The evaporator shall be suitable for and matched to a
compressor unit with remote air cooled condenser connected by refrigerant mains.
The evaporators shall have plastic covered steel casings containing
copper/aluminum finned coils, propeller fan or fans, drip tray, automatic de-frost
or de-frost cycle as required, dual thermostatic temperature control of fans (two
thermostats), 25 mm condensate drain to drainage channel (heated tracer cable on
deep freeze and meat cold store) and fain-safe thermostat on de-frost heaters. Fan
motors shall be drip-proof induction type with an insulation class to suit
application.

f) Compressors: Floor mounted 3/400/50 compressor units shall be air-cooled,

semi-hermetic, direct driven motor type, suitable for operating in an ambient
temperature of 50oC and matched to the appropriate evaporator and condenser.
The units shall have adequately sized liquid receivers and complete with
all necessary controls, shut-off valves, switches, safety cut-outs, relays and
overloads to provide adequate continuous operation of the refrigeration equipment
in accordance with modern British refrigeration standards for the cold storage
industry. Each compressor shall be connected to a remote air-cooled condenser
coil of copper tube/aluminum fins, mounted within a single or two-pass multi-
circuit type condenser unit and suitable for an operating air on temperature of
50oC. the condenser coil shall be housed in an aluminum constructed facing
mounted vertically upon steel legs and fixed to a steel purpose-made partition in
the compressor room. Condenser units shall be complete with aluminum propeller
type fans with guards and their operation shall be controlled via the main control
panels mounted in the compressor room.

g) Condensers: All condenser fans shall be the induction type drip proof running at
1425 rpm and shall have a class of insulation to suit the operating temperatures.
Units shall be suitable for a 3/400/50 electrical supply. The condensers shall be
mounted on a purpose-made steel frame partition fixed across the compressor
room to provide an inlet plenum chamber and discharge air chamber which shall
discharge to outside the compressor room.

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h) Refrigerant pipe work: Refrigerant pipe work shall be in standard copper tube to
BS. 2017/C with all welded fittings and complete with sight glasses, dryers and
pipe work insulation section of the specification.

i) Controls: The wall mounted control(s) constructed to match all other motor
starter control panels specified elsewhere, shall be provided with direct on line
starters, run and trip lights and On-Off auto rotary switches for the control of the
complete cold store refrigeration equipment, including the wall mounted extract
fans. The cold store shall be integrally wired back to a central externally located
terminal block for the main electrical connection of fans, lighting and heater
tapes, etc.

8- Humidifier, Steam Grid Type

a) Type: The humidifier shall be of the steam grid type with distributors located in
the ductwork and the separator mounted outside the duct work.

b) Capacity: The capacity of the humidifier shall be as shown on the drawings.

c) Distribution pipe: The distribution pipe shall be of the stainless steel steam
jacketed type with air foil upstream and team outlets downstream. The
distribution pipe shall be approximately as long as the duct is wide to assure even
distribution across the face of the air stream.
The distribution pipe shall be of such a design that any condensate formed
in the pipe between the humidifier and the manifold instantly reevaporates when it
reaches the section heated by the jacket. The manifold shall be complete with
internal stainless steel silencing mesh to prevent whistling of the steam.

d) Trap: Provide and install a condensate drip trap of the inverted bucket type, size
and piping as recommended by the manufacturer.

e) Humidifier Body: The humidifier body shall be complete with steam jacketed
valve, steam jacketed reevaporating chamber and muffling screen. The body shall
be constructed of steel and shall be suitable for 860 Kpa working pressure.

f) Strainer: Provide and install a 0.045 inch perforated strainer ahead of the
humidifier body.

g) Control: The control of the humidifier shall be as shown on the drawings. The
control valve shall be interlocked with a sail switch to prevent steam from
entering when there is no air flow in the duct.

h) Mounting: The humidifier body shall be supported from the building structure in
an approved manner and shall not be supported from the ductwork unless
additional supports are provided.

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i) Piping: Run the stream supply pipe from the steam header to the humidifier as
follows:

1. Take steam supply line from the top of the supply main, never from the side or
bottom. If several humidifiers take steam from a single supply line, be sure to
trap the end of the run-out.

2. Pitch the supply line in the direction of flow.

3. Clean piping – after running the supply line, blow down at full steam pressure
to eliminate dirt and pipe cuttings.

9- Pump, Horizontally Split Case

a) Type: The pump shall be of the centrifugal base mounted type, specially designed
and constructed for quiet operation.

b) Capacity: The capacity shall be as shown on the drawings.

c) Pump: The pump shall be of the horizontally split case, double suction design,
making possible complete servicing without breaking piping or motor
connections. The motor to pump connection shall be of the flexible coupler type.
The pump shall use a mechanical rotating type carbon seal and shall face against a
tungsten carbide insert. The pump shall be equipped with oil lubrication sleeve
bearings for smooth and quiet operation.

d) Motor: The motor shall be drip proof, 1450 rpm and shall be specially selected
for quiet operation and shall be so stamped. The current characteristics shall be as
shown on the schedule. The horse power of the motor shall be of such a size to
ensure non-overloading of the motor throughout the capacity range of the pump.

e) Base: The base shall be of size suitable for the pump, motor, and shaft, and shall
be constructed of cast iron or welded steel.

f) Installation: A concrete base, 20 cm (8") higher than the surrounding floor shall
be provided. Construct the base and install as shown by the detail on the
drawings. The pump base shall be set on a vibration elimination pad designed for
resilient material moulded of neoprene 8 mm (5/16") thick, across ribbed
construction.

g) Lubrication: After completion of the system and before startup of the pump, the
pump shall be lubricated in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
A metal instruction plate shall be attached to the pump in a location where it is
clearly visible. These instructions shall indicate the recommended lubricant, the
points of lubrication and the recommended frequency of lubrication.
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h) Pump Alignment: The contractor shall check, test and start each pump and shall
have the pump manufacturer align the pump with a dial indicator within 0.05 mm
(0.002"). Discharge and suction pressure readings shall be recorded and
forwarded to record purposes.

10- Pump, End Suction

a) Type: The pump shall be of the centrifugal base mounted type, especially
designed and constructed for quiet operation.

b) Capacity: Shall be as indicated in schedule.

c) Pump: Shall be of the vertically split case, end suction design, making possible
complete servicing without the need to disturb the connecting pipe-work and
pump foundation. Motor to pump connection shall be of the flexible coupler type.
The pump shall use a mechanical rotating type carbon seal and shall face against a
tungsten carbide insert. The pump shall be equipped with oil lubricated bronze
sleeve bearings for smooth and quiet operation.

d) Motor: Shall be drip proof, 1450 rpm and shall be specially selected for quiet
operation and shall be so stamped. The current characteristics shall be as shown
on the schedule. The horse power of the motor shall be of such a size to ensure
non-overloading of the motor throughout the capacity range of the pump.

e) Base: Shall be of a size suitable for the pump, motor, and shaft, and shall be
constructed of cast iron or welded steel.

f) Installation: A concrete base, 20 cm (8") higher than the surrounding floor shall
be provided. Construct the base and install as shown by the detail on the
drawings. The pump base shall be set on a vibration elimination pad designed for
resilient material moulded of neoprene 8 mm (5/16") thick, across ribbed
construction.

g) Lubrication: After completion of the system and before startup of the pump, the
pump shall be lubricated in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
A metal instruction plate shall be attached to the pump in a location where it is
clearly visible. These instructions shall indicate the recommended lubricant, the
points of lubrication and the recommended frequency of lubrication.

h) Pump Alignment: The contractor shall check, test and start each pump and shall
have the pump manufacturer align the pump with a dial indicator within 0.002"
(0.05 mm). Discharge and suction pressure readings shall be recorded and
forwarded to record processes.

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11- Piping

a) Pipe Material – all system piping, except as noted below shall be black steel,
class B, schedule 40, or equivalent with 10.5 kg/cm2 (15 psi). Steel welding
fittings and neck welding flanges were connected to valves or other flanged
equipment. Condensate drain piping shall be galvanized steel of adequate size to
carry away the condensate at the rate it is formed, and piping less than 65mm
diameter shall be screwed, and 65 mm diameter and above shall be welded.

b) Pipe workmanship:
1. All piping shall be installed straight and parallel or perpendicular to the
building construction.

2. Piping shall be pitched to allow air to be vented to system high points and to
allow the system to be drained at the low points. Provide drain pipes at the
base of each riser and at all low points and wherever required to permit
complete draining of all lines.
3. Make all changes in sizes and directions of piping with fittings. Do not use
mitre fittings, face or flush bushings, close nipples, street elbows or bendings.

4. Make all branch connections with tees.

5. Use eccentric reducing fittings wherever there is a possibility of air pocketing.

6. Piping shall be installed with bonds and offsets to take the expansion. Wherever
this is not possible for physical reasons, expansion joints shall be used.

7. Use unions and/or flanges to allow easy dismantling and maintenance of the
piping system.

8. All water pipe rises shall be furnished with 300mm long dirt pocket, equipped
with hose gate valve.

c) Pipe Installation:

1. Underground piping – all underground pipes shall be laid in accessible concrete

trench. Excavations shall be dry and clear of extraneous materials when pipe is
being laid. Pipes, valves and fittings shall be cleaned and shall be inspected for
defects prior to being lowered into the trench. Pipe lines shall be laid straight and
in true alignment with the grades and locations established on the drawings.
Testing of underground pipe shall be performed prior to backfilling and in
accordance with the test requirements. Pipe trenches will be as shown on the
drawings.

2. Above ground piping – drawings are generally diagrammatic and indicative of

work to be executed. Runs and arrangements of pipes shall be as approximately
indicated, subject to modifications as required to suit conditions in the buildings
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and avoid interference with other work. Due to small scale of drawings, the
required offsets, fittings, valves, drains, etc.., may not be indicated. The contractor
shall refer to and carefully check architectural, structural, electrical, and
mechanical drawings and details, note locations of walls partitions, ceiling,
beams, columns, etc.., and arrange the piping installation accordingly and furnish
all necessary fittings, offsets, valves, etc.., required to meet such conditions.
Piping shall be run as straight and direct as possible, in general forming right
angles with or parallel with walls or other piping and neatly spaced. Piping shall
be installed with approved offsets around obstruction, necessary expansion joints,
expansion bends wherever required pipe installation shall be in accordance with
the procedure established in the American Standard Code for pressure piping.
Eccentric reducers shall be used where required to permit proper drainage and
venting of pipe lines. Drain valves shall be provided in all piping system at low
points and where otherwise indicated on the drawings. Low points of water shall
be provided with 15mm valve, nipple and 15mm hose coupling. Air vents shall be
provided in all high points of piping systems. Piping shall be erected in such a
manner as to provide for expansion and contraction shall be provided at inlet and
outlet of every cooling and heating coil.

d) Pipe connections:

1. Provide flanges or unions at all final connections to equipments and control

valves, to facilitate dismantling. Arrange connections so that the equipment being
served may be removed without disturbing the piping.

2. Install all inlet and outlet piping to coils, pumps, gate valves, strainers, control
valves and other equipment at full line size with the reduction being made to the
size of tapping of the equipment being served.

3. All flange joints shall be made up with compressed type asbestos gaskets. Gasket
shall be 1.6mm thick.

e) Hanger and Supports:

1. Support, anchor and guide all piping to preclude failure or deformation. Construct
and install hangers, supports, anchor guides and accessories to the approval of the
engineer. Do not use wire, tape, or metal bands. Hanging pipes from other pipes
will not be permitted.

2. Secure pipe supports, anchors and guides to concrete by means of inserts or if

greater load carrying capacity is required by means of steel fishplate embedded in
the concrete.

3. Support vertical rises by riser clamps.

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4. Supports spacing and hanger rods diameter shall conform to the following
schedule:

Pipe size (mm) Rod dia. (mm) Support spacing (meter)

Up to 50 10 2.5
65 to 100 13 3.0
125 to 200 16 4.0
250 & larger 20 4.5

5. Hangers shall consist of galvanized steel, rods, lock nuts swivels, couplings,
brackets as shown on the drawings.

f) Pipe Sleeves:

1. Provide all pipe openings through walls, partitions and slabs with sleeves having
and internal diameter of at least 50mm larger than the outside diameter of the
pipe.

2. Sleeves shall be galvanized steel pipe or 16 gauge galvanized steel sheets.

3. Fill the space between the outside of insulation (or pipe) and inside of sleeve with
fiberous asbestos or water tight mastic

Pipe Tests:
a) Scope: All piping installed on the project unless specifically shown otherwise
shall be hydraulically tested as specified herein. Refrigeration piping, if used on
the project, shall be tested as specified under refrigeration piping. The contractor
shall provide all equipments required to make the tests specified herein.

b) Sectional Listing: Piping may be tested a section at a time in order to facilitate

the construction.

c) Test to be performed: The contractor shall fill the pipe to be tested with water
and bring the section up to pressure with a test pump. The tests shall be conducted
by the contractor in the presence of the consultant or his representative. These
tests shall be conducted before any insulation is installed and any insulation
installed prior to these tests shall be removed. Gauges used in the tests shall have
been recently calibrated with a dead weight tester.

d) Duration of Tests: All these tests shall apply full test pressure to the piping for a
minimum of twenty-four hours.

e) Pressure of Tests: All tests shall be conducted at the water working pressure of
the pipe installed. When class B or medium weight pipe is used, the test pressure
shall be 1.5 times the working pressure indicated on the schedules.
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f) Inability to Hold Pressure: When the test pressure has fallen over 5% during the
twenty-four hours test period, the point of leakage shall be found, repaired and the
test repeated. This procedure shall be followed until the piping system has been
proven absolutely tight.

g) Use of Compounds: The use of chemicals or so-called stop-leak compounds will

not be permitted at any time.

h) Delicate Controls: When delicate control mechanisms are installed in the piping
system, they shall be removed during the tests to prevent shock damage. This
does not apply to control valves.

i) Leaks: Leaks developing subsequent to these tests shall not be repaired by mastic
or other temporary means. All leaks shall be repaired by removal of the valve,
fitting, joint or section that is leaking and installing new material with joints as
specified herein before.

12- Valves

a) Workmanship and Design: Hand wheels for valves shall be of a suitable

diameter to allow tight closure by hand with the application of reasonable force
without additional leverage and without damage to the stem, seat and disc.
Seating surfaces shall be machined and finished to ensure tightness against
leakage for service specified and shall seat freely.

b) Gate Valves: Gate valves shall be of the wedge disc type, permit straight line
flow, complete shutoff and designed so that when the valve is wide open it can be
packed under pressure. Valves 50 mm (2") and smaller shall be bronze, with
screwed ends and non-rising stem. The valve shall have a deep stuffing box for
long contact with the stem, packing gland and filled with high quality packing.
Valves 65 mm (2.5") through 100 mm (4") shall be iron body bronze valves for
working pressure of 1034 kN/m2 (150psi) and iron valves for working pressure
862 kN/m2 (125psi) when installed in class B piping.

c) Check Valves: Check valves shall be horizontal swing type with two piece
hinges, disc and seat shall be bronze or with composition face, depending on
service. Valves 50 mm (2") and smaller shall be bronze, with screwed ends, have
full area Y pattern body and integral seats. Valves 65 mm (2.5") and larger shall
be cast iron body brass mounted and with flanged ends. Working pressure for
check valves shall be 862 kN/m2 when installed in class B piping. Check valves at
pump discharge shall be non-slam or silent check. Valve disc shall close before
line flow can reverse to eliminate slam and water hammer due to check valve
closure.

d) Globe Valves (Regulating Valves): Shall permit control of flow rate from full
flow to complete shut-off and shall be designed that when the valve is wide open
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it can be repacked under pressure, and have a deep stuffing box with gland and
filled with high quality packing. Valves 50 mm (2") and smaller shall be bronze,
with screwed ends, unions bonnet, and with stainless steel plug type disc and seat
of not less than 500 Brinnel hardness. Valves 65 mm (2.5") and larger shall be
cast iron body bronze mounted with flanged ends, yoke bonnet and disc guide.
Working pressure for valves shall be 10.5 kg/cm2 when installed in class B
schedule 40 piping.

e) 3-Way Valves and 2-Way Valves: Two and three way valves shall be globe
type. Valves up to 50 mm (2") size shall be bronze with screwed connections and
valves 65mm (2.5") and larger shall be cast iron, bronze or stainless steel trim
with flanged connections. Two way valves shall be of equal flow characteristics
while three way valves shall have linear flow characteristics. Valves shall have a
constant total flow throughout plug travel. All valves shall be provided with
spring loaded, self adjusting to flow packing and renewable seats.

f) Relief Valves: Relief valves shall be of self closing type with test lever, and arms
with copper float, and shall be of the globe type, single seated dead and service
suitable for a pressure of 5 atmosphere, with screwed ends.

g) Butterfly Valves: Butterfly valves shall be of the rotary disc type, permit straight
line flow, complete shut-off and designed so that when the valve is wide open it
can be packed under pressure. Valves 50 mm (2") and smaller shall be bronze,
with screwed ends. The valve shall have a deep stuffing box for long quality
packing. Valves 65 mm (2.5") and larger shall be cast iron body, bronze trim with
flanged ends, bolted bonnet. All valves shall be suitable for a steam working
pressure of 10.5 kg/cm2 when installed in class B schedule 40 piping.

13- Fittings, unions and joints

a) Fittings:
1. Fittings for welded pipes shall be of the butt welding type with beveled ends
and shall be seamless steel. Fittings shall have the same wall thickness and
schedule as the attached pipe.

2. welding neck or slip on flanges shall be of forged steel with 1.6mm raised
face and shall be suitable for a working pressure equal to or greater than the
working pressure of accompanying pipe.

3. Fittings for threaded pipe shall be malleable iron, black or galvanized

depending on pipe material.

b) Unions: Unions shall be provided at the following locations and where shown on
drawings:

1. On by-pass lines around equipment.

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2. On long runs of piping to permit convenient disassembly for alternations and

repairs.

3. At inlets and outlets of equipment.

4. Where suggested by the consulting engineer.

Unions shall not be concealed in walls, partitions or ceiling. Types and quality
of unions used shall be as described in item covered under 'fittings'.

c) Joints:

1. Joints on galvanized steel pipes shall be screwed type for sizes 50mm and
smaller.

2. Threads shall be cut to the full thickness of disc. After joining, not more than
two threads shall be left outside. Compound used shall be of approved make
and shall be applied smoothly. After inspection and final approval, the
exposed threads shall be coated with red lead.

3. Each piece of pipe shall be carefully reamed prior to erection and carefully
inspected before installation.

4. Joints on pipes of sizes 65mm and larger shall be welded type. All welding
shall be done by the metallic arc process. Before welding, the base material
shall be cleaned of all slag, oil, grease, scale and rust. Edges and surfaces of
the parts to be joined by welding shall be well prepared for the type of weld to
be used. Each completed layer of weld shall be thoroughly cleaned with
hammer and wire brush before the next layer of weld is laid. Any sweating of
joint under hydrostatic test shall cause for its rejection and removal.

14- Strainer "Y" Type

The "Y" type strainer in sizes 2" (50mm) and smaller shall be bronze and shall
have screwed connections. Strainers in sizes 2.5" (65mm) and larger shall be cast iron
and shall have flanged connections. Screens shall be bronze, monel metal or stainless
steel with perforations as follows:

Strainer size Perforation size

3/4" (2mm) to 2" (50mm) 1/32" (0.8mm)
2.5" (65mm) and larger 1/16" (1.6mm)

The free area of each screen shall not be less than 3 times the area of the strainer
inlet pipe. The "Y" type strainer shall be installed where shown on drawings. Strainer
shall be suitable for a working pressure of 10.5 kg/cm2.

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15- Strainer "DUPLEX" Type

Duplex strainer shall be disc valve type. The strainer body shall be cast iron or
fabricated carbon steel, rated for not less than 10.5 kg/cm2. The basket shall be stainless
steel with perforated backing. Pressure drop across the strainer body shall be not more
than 0.07 kg/cm2 (1 psi) when the basket is 2/3 dirty at maximum system flow rate.

Where necessary, provide reducing fittings from strainer flange size to pipe size.
Provide a differential pressure gauge across the strainer or a pressure gauge with 0.0175
kg/cm2 (0.25 psi) graduations fitted with two way brass cock. Provide manual air vent
cocks in cap of each strainer.

16- Flexible Connector for Pipes

A flexible connector shall be installed at inlet and outlet ports of all units
wherever shown on the drawings. Corrugated inner tubing shall be of stainless steel
construction. Outer shield shall be stainless steel wire braid. Flanges shall be of stainless
steel construction.

Operating temperature and working pressure rating shall be indicated in drawings.

Working pressure rating shall be 10.5 – 14 kg/cm2 (150 – 200 psi). Connectors shall be
installed in a straight line without offset. Piping shall be anchored so that the weight of
the piping does not rest on the flexible connector. Sizes and lengths of flexible connectors
shall be as indicated on drawings.

17- Pressure Gauges, Thermometers and Flow Meters

a) Thermometers: Connector shall supply industrial type thermometers of mercury

in-bulb with metal guards wherever specified. They shall be of the direct reading
type of appropriate range duly calibrated before installation. They shall be
installed in separable wells. All thermometers shall be calibrated before supply
and certificate of the laboratory where calibrated submitted. They will be
provided at the following locations. On supply and return of chillers, condensers
and boilers. On supply and return of all water coils. At any other place specified.

b) Pressure gauges: Contractor shall provide pressure gauges of the Bourden tube
type with 100 mm diameter dial, case shall be of drawn steel with friction fit steel
ring, both finished black. Range of pressure gauge shall be as required for the
service and pressure in the system so that measured variable shall be at about mid-
range of gauge scale. Accuracy shall be within 1% numbers shall be black on a
white background. Each gauge shall have a shut-off cock. All pressure gauges
shall be calibrated before supply and certificate of the laboratory where calibrated
submitted. They shall be installed at the following locations: on supply and return
of all chillers, condensers and boilers. On suction and delivery of all pumps,
wherever else indicated in the specifications. Gauge connections at inlet and
outlet of every coil.
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c) Water Flow Meters: – contractor shall supply water flow meters as shown on the
drawings. The meter shall be designed for the accurate measurement of water
flow rate in pipe sizes ranging from 20mm (0.75 inch) diameter to the largest
diameter pipe given in the bill of quantities and for flow rate ranging from 4m3/hr
to the largest flow rate as in the bill of quantities. The above meter shall consist of
the following components:

1. Orifice flanges with orifice plate for inserting into the main pipeline in which
the meter is required to be installed.

2. By-pass piping with valves and fittings.

3. A range orifice or orifices for insertion into the by-pass. Pipeline, alternatively
venturi tube assembly may be supplied.

4. Rota meter of suitable calibration in order to read the water flow directly for
any flow rate within the range specified above. The rotameter shall be used at
the start-up of the plant to measure and fix design flow rates of water to all the
air handling units, chillers, condensers, cooling towers, etc.., wherever
necessary regulation of flow will be done by means of 6mm (0.25 inch) thick
stainless steel orifice plate at inlet of each equipment. The plate will be fixed
permanently between flanges after regulation at design quantity is achieved.
After regulation is done, the meter will be removed and an adapter installed
which should be easily removable to enable the meter to be reinstalled for
checking flow wherever required. For this purpose the contractor shall include
for the supply and installation of orifice plates/venturi tube assembly, flanges,
adapter and all necessary accessories. The accuracy of the flow meter shall be
with ±1%.

18 - Air Vents

Automatic air vent on pumps, mains, high points of system and where indicated
on the drawings shall be of ball float construction. Vent inlet shall be not less than 20mm
(0.75") TPS. Outlet shall be not less than 7.5mm (0.25") TPS. Orifice shall be 3.175mm
(1/8"). Float and trim shall be of stainless steel construction. Vent shall be fitted with try-
cock (discharge valve) which normally stays open. Vent shall discharge air at any
pressure up to 10.5 kg/cm2 (150psi).

19- Differential Pressure Switch

Unit shall be used to monitor filter performance in the fresh air duct to A.H.U. it
shall be constructed of two parts, lower part shall be made of plastic and shall contain
two pressure chambers separated by a diaphragm. The upper part shall contain the
electrical connections. The membrane shall transfer the differential pressure to a lever
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which activates the contact of the snap element. Switching point shall be continuously
adjustable with an adjustment screw, adjustment range AP shall be 0.3 – 2m bar (30 –
200 PA).

Max. operating pressure 50mm bar

Contact rating 240 v
Ambient temp. 0 – 65oC
Switching point ±0.05m bar
Switching differential 0.15mm bar
Mounting braclets shall be made of galvanized steel with plastic housing.

20- Refrigeration Piping

All refrigerant piping shall be provided in accordance with (ASHRAE) System

Practices for Halocarbon refrigerants. The piping size shall be as recommended by the
equipment manufacturer for the installed length.

a) General – in general all air conditioning equipment shall be direct expansion

packaged or split system, window or through the wall packaged units, or air
cooled water chillers with chilled water air handling units and/or fan coil units.

‫ ﻣﻔﻘﻮدة‬113 ‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‬

Safe pressurizing agent such as dry nitrogen shall be used with adequate gauges
and pressure regulators to maintain a safe operation. Compressed air, oxygen or
acetylent shall not, under any circumstances, be used for pressure testing. No
attempt shall be made to repair a leak while the system is under pressure, should a
leak be found, the pressure shall first be relieved, and then the joint shall be taken
apart, cleaned and remade as a new joint.

After the system has been proven tight by the soap suds test, all nitrogen
shall be discharged to atmosphere and the system shall be charged with small
quantity of refrigerant. The entire system shall then be checked will halide or
electronic leak detector.

21- Expansion and Feed Water Tank

a) Open Type
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1. Type - the fill tank shall be of the horizontal type for roof mounting.

2. Size – as shown on drawings.

3. Construction – The tank shall be built to be completely insulated and freeze

protected. Insulation of 2" (50mm) thickness shall be applied over the galvanized
sheet metal that the tank is constructed of. A vapor barrier shall be applied over the
insulation D. Insulation shall be cork or mineral wool. (insulation applies only
when freezing temperature occur). The tank shall be complete with gauge glass,
inspection opening and all other tappings. The tank shall be delivered to the job site
with factory prime coat.

4. Closed Type – tank shall be designed with the required air volume to take the
maximum expansion. Tank shall be tightly constructed with no leaks. It shall be
tested at 1.5 the design pressure for 24 hours before commissioning.

5. Location – the tank shall be installed where shown on drawings.

6. Piping – piping connections for the tank shall be as indicated on the drawings.
Piping shall be complete with air release fittings, drain and all other components as
shown on the drawings.

b) Closed Type

1. Type – pressurized closed expansion tank shall be furnished and erected to serve as
feeding system for chilled water circuit and hot water circuit and to allow for the
expansion of water. The tank shall be supplied complete as an integral system
comprising of expansion vessel, feed booster pump, make-up water storage tank,
pressure switches and gauges. Tank shall be factory assembled, wired and tested.

2. Expansion Vessel – shall be manufactured of galvanized mild steel, cylindrical

shell and convex dished ends. It shall contain expandable rubber diaphragm to
allow for water expansion. Vessel shall be factory pressurized with air and shall
be tested to 1.5 times the working pressure.

3. Pump – shall be close-coupled type directly driven by an electric motor. It shall

have bronze impeller, stainless steel shaft with mechanical seal. Pump mounting
frame shall be manufactured of mild steel sections with protective anti-corrosive
paint.

4. Motor – shall be totally enclosed type, drip proof, fan cooled, squirrel cage with
suitable insulation to withstand high ambient temperature of 45oC.

5. Trim – tank assembly shall contain the following:

- Air vent,
- Pressure gauge,
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- Pressure switch,
- Motor starter with overload,
- Pressure relief valve,
- Connection for recharging with air.

22- Low Velocity Duct Work

a) Duct Material – duct material shall be galvanized sheet steel

b) Duct Workmanship

1. All duct work shall be constructed and erected in a workmanlike manner. Ducts
shall be straight and smooth on their side with neatly finished joints, air tight and
shall be free from vibration under all conditions of operation. The internal ends of
slip joints shall be made in the direction of air flow. The ducts shall be securely
attached to the building construction in an approved manner.

2. Change in dimensions and shape of ducts shall be gradual. All duct sizes shall fall
within the limiting dimensions indicated on the drawings unless otherwise
approved.
3. Curved elbows, unless otherwise specified on the drawings, shall have a center line
radius equal to 1.5 times the width of the duct.

4. Air turns shall be installed in all abrupt elbows and shall consist of curved metal
blades or vanes, arranged to permit the air make the turns without appreciable
turbulence. They shall be the manufacturer's standard product and shall be quiet
when the system is in operation.

5. Configuration of ducts shall be as shown by the detail on the drawings. Ducts shall
be cross broken for strength and rigidity.

6. Duct throats shall be of same velocity as the main duct to which branch connection
is made.

7. Plenums or suction chambers shall be U.S. standard gauge 18, with galvanized iron
angles and rivets for seam connection and stiffening. Connections of plenums and
air chambers to walls and floors shall be made with galvanized angles anchored to
wall or floor construction with anchor bolts, with sheet metal bolted or riveted to
angles. Mastic clear shall be installed at connection to floor and connection of
angles sheet metal to provide airtight joints.

8. Provide handle operated access doors in plenums and chambers from both sides.
Access plates in ducts for access to dampers shall be U.S. standard gauge 18 and
made airtight by means of felt strips. Size shall be 305mm×305mm (12"×12")
unless limited by the duct size. Doors shall be provided with cam latcher. Access

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openings in false ceiling shall be coordinated with other trades to provide access to
all hidden doors.

9. Provide adequate space around duct to assure proper support and allow the
installation of duct insulation.

10. Furnish test well made-up of a brass nipple welded into the duct or casing and a
cap on the downstream side of each coil and fan.

Sheet steel gauges and transverse joints shall correspond to size of ducts and shall
be as follows:

Large duct U.S. steel Transverse joints and reinforcing

dimension gauge
Up to 300mm 26 Drive slip, plain 'S' slip or 25mm pocket lock.
325mm to 450mm 24 Same as above.
475mm to 750mm 24 Hemmed 'S' slip, 25mm bar slip, or 25mm
pocket lock on 150cm centers or 25mm pocket
lock on 300cm centers with 25×25×3mm
angles on center line between, above angle can
be substituted by cross break.
775mm to 1050mm 22 25mm bar slip, reinforced bar slip or pocket
lock on 150cm centers. 25mm bar slip,
reinforced bar slip or pocket lock on 300cm
centers with 25×25×3mm angles on center line
between. 25mm standing seam on 150cm
centers.
1075mm to 1350mm 22 40mm bar slip, reinforced bar slip or pocket
lock on 120cm centers. 40mm bar slip,
reinforced bar slip or pocket lock on 240cm
centers with 40×40×3mm angle on center line
between 40mm standing seam on 90cm
centers.
1375mm to 1500mm 20 Same as above.
1525mm to 2100mm 20 reinforced bar slip, angle slip, alternate bar
slip on angle reinforced pocket lock on 120cm
centers using 40×40×3mm reinforcing angles
and with 40×40×3mm angles on center line
between. Angle reinforced pocket lock on
240cm centers using 40×40×3mm reinforcing
angles and with 40×40×3mm angles 60cm on
centers in between. 40mm angle reinforced
standing seam on 60cm centers using
40×40×3mm reinforced angles.

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Large duct U.S. steel Transverse joints and reinforcing

dimension gauge
2125mm to 2400mm 18 Companion angles, angle slip or angle
reinforced pocket lock using 40×40×3mm
companion or reinforcing angles on 120cm
centers with 40×40×3mm angles on center line
between. 40mm angle reinforced standing
seam on 60cm centers using 40×40×3mm
reinforcing angles.

Note: all longitudinal seams shall be Pittsburgh lock.

c) Hangers and Supports – hangers shall be adjustable type and spaced not more
than 2m apart and at all changes of directions. The hanger shall consist of two
threaded bars and bottom support angle. The steel bars shall be fixed to ceiling in
an approved manner. Support details shown on drawings shall be adhered to.

d) Circular Ducts – all ductwork, fittings and all associated hangers supports
dampers, flexible joints sealants, insulation access and testing shall conform to the
recommendation of SMACNA. (ASHRAE) all raw edges of ductwork, formed
seams, welds and rivets shall be painted two coats of aluminum paint at works.
All sheet metal ductwork and fittings shall be manufactured in best quality strip
mill cold reduced sheet continuously hot dipped galvanized. All circular and oval
ductwork and fittings shall be constructed from spiratly wound sheet galvanized
steel and shall have the following thickness and where required, flanges of stated
sizes:
Sheet thickness
Nominal diameter mm Stiffering or angle flange sizes mm
mm
Up to 200 0.6 25×25×3
Over 200 and up to 750 0.8 25×25×3
Over 750 and up to 1000 1.0 30×30×A at 1250mm centers
Over 1000 1.2 40×40×A at 1250mm centers

Fastening shall be at 150mm center and of the mechanically closed rivet type
which do not protrude into the air space other than the rivet head on all flanges
and joints, etc. ??ld steel nuts and bolts electro plated sherardized or ???dmium
plated shall be used. Ductwork sealant shall be of the non-hardsetting mastic type
which retain its adhesion and elasticity throughout the temperature range of 0oC to
70oC and shall be applied to all joints by pressure using an injection gun or placed
into the joints prior to construction such that the sealant is under pressure or
erection of the joints.

23- Sheet Metal Accessories

a) Splitter Dampers - at all places as shown on drawings where branch ducts take
off a main trunk, furnish and install splitter dampers of 16 gauge galvanized iron
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securely fastened to a square operating road, and with the edges lined with felt.
Where same are exposed in finished parts of the building, they shall be nickel
plated. If duct is enclosed in a plaster furring, the operating handle shall be
extended and the damper regulator installed on the face of the plaster.

b) Turning Vanes – all turning vanes shown on the plans shall be factory fabricated,
ready to install and securely supported in place. The vans shall be of the type that
can be custom cut easily with a metal cutting blade. Pressure loss shall be not
greater than 20% of velocity head. Turning vanes made by contractor are not
acceptable. With installation for 90o bends with equal widths of duct on each side
of bend, vane bar length shall equal duct width×1.4 and vane length shall equal
duct height.

c) Duct Silencer

1. Type – the silencers shall be of the rectangular or circular type suitable for use in
low pressure ductwork.

2. General – noise within the ductwork of the air handling system shall be
satisfactorily controlled by the installation of prefabricated sound traps. Silencers
must be manufactured in suppliers own facilities under his own quality control.

3. Material – the silencers shall be constructed of 22 gauge or heavier galvanized

steel shells. Lock formed seams shall be mastic filled. The interior configuration
shall be straight through passages of consistently exact dimensions to ensure
uniform performance. All interior components of the sound traps shall be held in
place by spot welding not more than 3 inches (7.6cm) on center. The acoustical
filler shall be fiberglass compressed to 64 Kg/m3 density. The contractor shall be
required to furnish suitable transition section from the specified silencer units to
the required duct size where the opening in the silencer system differs from the
duct size.

4. Attenuation Levels Required – duct silencers shall meet a maximum NC level of

30. Where NC level indicated the sound pressure level in the 2000 c/s frequency
band.

5. Pressure Drop – shall not exceed the value of 0.25 inch water gauge (6.5mm).

6. Pressure Taps – pressure taps and caps shall be installed at the inlet and outlet to
each sound trap. Each pressure tap shall have an identifying tag to indicate the
position of the pressure reading.

d) Fire Dampers – at points where ducts for ventilation and air conditioning
purposes pass through an intended fire separation in a building and where the
penetration occurs through floors or walls and where shown on drawings a fire
damper shall be installed by the contractor into the duct air ways. Approved fire
dampers shall have the following performance characteristics:
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1. Fire damper shall be arranged to close automatically in event of abnormal high

temperature of (68oC) 154oF.

2. Fire damper shall provide the maximum practical barrier to passage of air when
in the closed position.

3. Fire dampers shall remain in the closed position under fire conditions.

4. Fire dampers shall have resistance to corrosion.

5. Fire dampers shall be installed in accordance with the conditions of their

approval and the manufacturer's instructions.
6. Suitable hand hole openings with tightly fitted covers shall be provided to make
fire dampers accessible for inspection and maintenance.

7. Fire dampers shall possess 1.5 hour standard fire protection rating. Rating shall
be certified by fire resistance index (UL-1974).

Automatic closure shall be made upon operation of an approved fusible link.

Contractor shall submit shop drawings of fire dampers construction and installation
details for approval by the engineer.

e) Flexible Connections – provide flexible connections between all fan openings

and sheet metal work for deadening sound and vibration. Flexible connections
shall be made of neoprene coated glass fabric or fire, water and weather resistant
cotton or as approved. Flexible connections shall be not less than 100mm (4")
long and shall be installed with sufficient slack to prevent transmission of
vibration.
Connections shall be secured to fans and sheet metal with 25mm×3mm
(1"×1/8") flat bars fastened with screws or bolts at 200mm (8") intervals. The
fabric shall be tightly crimped into the slip joint and complete joint shall be
fastened with sheet metal screws at maximum 200mm (8") intervals. Metal for
fastening collars shall be the same as specified for ductwork and bracing. Flexible
connections shall not be painted.

24- Thermal Insulation

a) Pipe Insulation

1. All covering shall be applied with joints tightly butted together.

2. Insulation shall have factory applied jacket and vapor barriers and secured with
plastic bands at all joints, at center of each section and where sections abut fittings.

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3. Insulation shall only be applied to piping after all testing has been accomplished,
successfully.

4. All valves shall be provided with a galvanized sheet metal box that will encompass
the entire body except for the gland and the hand wheel. The box shall be stuffed with
an insulating material of the same thermal conductivity and construction as that of the
pipe.

5. All insulated piping subject to movement shall be provided with protection shields at
all hanger locations. Shields shall be of galvanized iron extending on each side of the
hanger for a distance equal to the diameter of the insulation and shall extend up the
sides of the insulation to the center of the pipe.

6. Insulate strainers to permit removal of the basket without disturbing the insulation of
the strainer body.

7. Pipe insulation shall be sectional glass fiber block moulded to conform to pipe, with
minimum density of 48 Kg per cubic meter and a maximum K-factor of 0.25 at a mean
temperature of 24oC. The temperature range shall be from 1.7 o C to 150 o C.
The insulation shall have a factory applied white flame retardant vapor barrier
jacket of minimum 0.05 mm aluminum foil laminated to Kraft paper with flame
retardant type adhesive reinforced with glass fibers. The insulation shall be applied to
the pipe with longitudinal joints staggered. Laps and sealing strips shall be sealed,
applying fire resistance adhesive to circumferential joints.

8. Steam pipe insulation shall conform to above specifications except, have temperature
range up to 316oC. Also vapor barrier will not be required.

9. The thickness of the pipe insulation shall be in accordance with the following table:

Pipe nominal bore mm Insulation thickness mm

Up to 50 25
65 to 150 40
150 and larger 50

10. After installation of pipe insulation it shall be wrapped with approved type cloth and
shall be given a coat of water resistant paint.

11. Pipes shall be properly painted before putting on insulation. The paint shall include
3 layers of red lead paint.

b) Duct Insulation

1. All supply and return air ducts shall be insulated as shown on the drawings.

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2. Insulation shall be fiberglass, of the flexible blanket type being 23mm thick.
Insulation shall be provided with a vapor barrier, consisting of 0.05mm aluminum
foil reinforced with Kraft paper and glass fiber or other vapor barrier material.

3. The insulation shall have an average thermal conductivity of not more than 1.23
kcal/m2/oC per hour at a mean temperature of 24oC and density of 1.0 lbs/cu.ft. 16
Kg/m3.

4. All insulation shall have 25mm longitudinal and transverse overlaps, or seam shall be
covered with 50mm wide sealing tape, of similar material to covering material.

5. Insulation shall be applied tightly butted together and secured with non-combustible
adhesive, as recommended by insulation manufacturer. Adhesive to be applied in
150mm wide strips on 300mm centers.

6. In addition to adhesive required in (5) above, it shall be secured by soft annealed steel
wire applied over insulation on 200mm centers. The wire not less than gauge 16
50mm×50mm. Galvanized steel angles 1.5mm thick to be placed along the corner of
duct over the insulation before fixing the wire.

7. Equipment Insulation - where equipment needs insulation, as indicated in these

specifications. They shall be factory insulated in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendation for the particular duty.

c) Duct Lining:

1. Acoustic duct lining shall be not less than 20mm thick, 48 Kg per cubic meter density
fiberglass.
2. Lining material shall be supplied in rigid or semi rigid board form and shall have a
smooth non-combustible coating on the surface in contact with the air. To prevent
fiberglass from being carried away by air stream.

3. Noise reduction shall be not less than 0.6.

4. Shall be cut to size before it is applied in a neat smooth manner. It shall be fastened to
the interior surface of the ducts with an approved non-combustible adhesive. If the
duct dimension exceeds 600mm, the lining shall, in addition to adhesive, be secured
with sheet metal screws or fastening hooks.

25- Supply Air Register

a) Type – shall be of the double deflection type with adjustable horizontal face bars,
and vertical rear bars, complete with opposed blade damper. The register shall be
constructed of aluminum with a marginal frame of not less than 3.125cm wide
(1.25") by 0.125cm (0.05") thick.

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Register shall have a soft, continuous rubber gasket between the periphery of the
register and the building surface to which it is mounted. The register shall have an
effective area of not less than 80%.
b) Construction – the register shall be of aluminum construction unless otherwise
specified.

c) Dampers – the dampers shall be of the opposed blade type and shall be key
operated with a detachable key and one key shall be furnished for each register.

d) Bars – the bars shall be of the roll formed type and shall be rigid heavy gauge
stream-lined aluminum bars on 1.65mm (2/3") centers, reinforced if above 45cm
(18") in length. Bars shall hold deflection setting under all conditions of velocity
and pressure.

e) Connections to ductwork – the register shall be connected to the ductwork as

follows:

1. Connect air distributing grid to extension duct collars.

2. Fasten extension duct collar and distributing grid assembly to ductwork with
sheet metal screws.

3. After wall is installed, install register with screws on a wood frame as shown in
standard details.

4. Check to see if sponge rubber gasket is drawn up against wall forming an air
tight seal, if not reassemble and recheck.

5. Set face bars and rear bars for best room distribution.

6. Balance and adjust air flow quantities as shown on plans.

7. Clean construction dirt from register.

8. Remove damper operator knob from register and turn over to client's
representative.

f) Air distribution grid – provide and install an air distribution grid for each supply
register. The grid shall be installed as recommended by the manufacturer, and
shall be of the same manufacturer as the supply register.

26 - Return or Exhaust Air Register

a) Type – shall be of the adjustable horizontal front bars and opposed blade damper
type. The register shall be constructed of aluminum with a marginal frame of not
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less than 1.25" (32mm) wide by 0.05" (1.3mm) thick. The register shall have the
horizontal front bars set at an angle of 35 degrees downward where installed
below 5 ft. (1.5m) from the floor, and 35 degrees upward where installed more
than 5 ft. (1.5m) from the floor. Register shall have a soft, continuous rubber
gasket between the periphery of the register and the building surface to which it is
mounted. The register shall have not less than 70 percent free area.

b) Construction – the register shall be of the opposed blade type and shall be key
operated with a detachable key and one key shall be furnished for each register.

c) Face bar – the face bars shall be 11/16" (17.5mm) wide and shall be set 0.66"
(16.5mm) apart. The face bars shall be constructed of 0.018 aluminum.

d) Connections to ductwork – the register shall be connected to the ductwork as

follows:

1. Cut hole in return or exhaust duct.

2. Fasten extension duct collar to ductwork.

3. After ceiling or wall is installed, install register with screws on a wood frame.

4. Check to see if sponge rubber gasket is drawn up against wall or ceiling, forming
an air tight seal. If not, reassemble and check.

5. Set face bars as described in (a) above.

6. Balance and adjust air quantities shown on plans.

7. Clean construction dirt from register.

8. Remove damper operator jey from register and turn over to client's
representative.

27- Supply Air Diffuser (Square or Rectangular)

a) Type – the ceiling diffuser shall be of the rectangular type neck, the ceiling
diffuser shall be complete with distributing grid and volume damper and shall be
of the dimension shown on the drawings.

b) Capacity – the capacity of the ceiling diffuser shall be as shown on the drawings.

c) Construction – the diffuser shall be of aluminum construction unless otherwise

specified.

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d) Dampers – each ceiling diffuser shall be equipped with a volume control damper
of the multi blade type.
The damper operator shall be equipped with a spring type lock nut which may be
adjusted to the damper when in the partially open position because of static
pressure.

e) Distributing Grid – each ceiling diffuser shall be equipped with a distributing

grid especially constructed to ensure that the supply air is distributed uniformly on
the neck of the diffuser. The grid shall be constructed of a series of adjustable bars
set in a frame which is attached to the duct collar.

f) Connections to the ductwork – the ceiling diffusers shall be connected to the

ductwork as follows:

1. Fasten distributing grid to extension duct collar with sheet metal screws.

2. Fasten extension duct collar and distributing grid assembly to ductwork with
sheet metal screws.

3. Fasten duct ring to extensions duct collar with sheet metal screws.

4. After ceiling is installed, remove inner assembly diffuser cones and fasten
outer cone to duct ring with sheet metal screws.

5. Re-install inner assembly cones to outer cone.

6. Check to see if sponge rubber gasket is drawn up against ceiling forming an

air tight seal.

7. Balance and adjust air flow quantities as shown on plans.

8. Clean construction dirt from diffuser.

9. Remove damper operator knob, turn over to client's representative.

g) Mounting – the contractor shall coordinate the location of the diffuser, ceiling
lights, and any other ceiling outlets.

28 - Return or Exhaust Air Diffuser (Square or Rectangular)

a) Type – the return ceiling diffuser shall be of the rectangular type neck, the ceiling
diffuser shall be complete with volume damper and shall be of the dimension
shown on the drawings.

b) Size – the size of the return or exhaust ceiling diffuser shall be as shown on the
drawings.

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c) Construction – the diffuser shall be of aluminum construction unless otherwise

specified.

d) Dampers – each ceiling shall be equipped with a volume damper of the multi
blade type. The damper operator shall be equipped with a spring type lock-nut
which may be adjusted to the required friction to prevent closing of the damper
when in the partially open position because of static pressure.

e) Distribution grid and connection to ductwork shall be the same as in B. (24).

29- Supply Air Diffuser (Round Type)

a) Type – the ceiling diffuser shall be of the round type neck, round outlet type with
adjustable air pattern. The ceiling diffuser shall be complete with distributing grid
and volume damper and shall be of the dimensions shown on the drawings.

b) Capacity – the capacity of the ceiling diffuser shall be as shown on the drawings.

c) Construction – the diffuser shall be of aluminum construction unless otherwise

specified.

d) Dampers – each ceiling diffuser shall be equipped with a volume control damper
of the multi blade type. The damper operator shall be equipped with a spring type
lock which may be adjusted to the required friction to prevent readjustment by
unauthorized persons and to prevent closing of the damper when in the partially
open position because of static pressure.

e) Distributing Grid – each ceiling diffuser shall be equipped with a distributing

grid especially constructed to insure that the supply air is distributed uniformly in
the neck of the diffuser. The grid shall be constructed of a series of adjustable bars
set in a frame which is attached to the duct collar.

f) Connections to ductwork – the ceiling diffusers shall be connected to the

ductworks as follows:

1. Fasten distributing grid to extension duct collar with sheet metal screws.

2. Fasten extension duct collar and distributing grid assembly to ductwork with
sheet metal screws.

3. Fasten duct ring to extension duct collar with sheet metal screws.

4. After ceiling is installed, remove inner assembly diffuser cones and fasten
outer cone to duct ring with sheet metal screws.

5. Reinstall inner assembly cones to outer cone.

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6. Check to see if sponge rubber gasket is drawn up against ceiling forming an

air tight seal. If not, reassemble and recheck.

7. Balance and adjust air flow quantities shown on plans.

8. Clean construction dirt from diffuser.

9. Remove damper operator knob and turn over to client's representative.

g) Mounting – the contractor shall coordinate the location of the diffuser with
ceiling lights and any other ceiling outlets.

30 - Return or Exhaust Air Diffuser (Round Type)

a) Type – the ceiling diffuser shall be of the round neck, round outlet type with
adjustable air pattern. The ceiling diffuser shall be complete with distributing grid
and volume damper and shall be of the dimensions shown on the drawings.

b) Capacity – the capacity of the ceiling diffuser shall be as shown on the drawings.

c) Construction – the diffuser shall be of aluminum construction unless otherwise

specified.

d) Dampers – each ceiling diffuser shall be equipped with a volume control damper
of the multi blade type. The damper operator shall be equipped with a spring type
lock which may be adjusted to the required friction to prevent adjustment of
unauthorized persons and to prevent closing of the damper when in the partially
open position because of static pressure.

e) Distributing Grid – each ceiling diffuser shall be equipped with a distributing

grid especially constructed to insure that the supply air is distributed uniformly in
the neck of the diffuser. The grid shall be constructed of a series of adjustable bars
set in a frame which is attached to the duct collar.

f) s – the ceiling diffusers shall be connected to the ductwork as follows:

1. Fasten distributing grid to extension duct collar with sheet metal screws.

2. Fasten extension duct collar and distributing grid assembly to ductwork with
sheet metal screws.

3. Fasten duct ring to extension duct collar with sheet metal screws.

4. After ceiling is installed, remove inner assembly diffuser cones and fasten outer
cone to duct ring with sheet metal screws.

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5. Reinstall inner assembly cones to outer cone.

6. Check to see if sponge rubber gasket is drawn up against ceiling forming an air
tight seal. If not, reassemble and recheck.

7. Balance and adjust air flow quantities shown on plans.

8. Clean construction dirt from diffuser.

9. Remove damper operator knob and turn over to client's representative.

g) Mounting – the contractor shall coordinate the location of the diffuser with
ceiling lights and any other ceiling outlets.

31 - Supply Air Linear Diffusers

a) Type – the linear diffuser shall be of the continuous line type, fixed pattern 0o
deflection core. The diffuser shall be complete with volume damper, plenum
boxes and shall of the size shown on drawings.

b) Capacity – the capacity of the diffuser shall be as shown on drawings.

c) Construction – the diffuser shall be of aluminum construction.

d) Damper – each section of each diffuser shall be equipped with a volume control
damper. The damper operator shall be constructed with the required friction to
prevent closing of the damper when in the partially open position because of static
pressure.

e) Plenum Boxes – each section of each diffuser shall be equipped with a plenum
box. The plenum box shall be designed to provide even distribution across face of
diffuser. The plenum box shall be constructed of galvanized steel.

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32 - Return or Exhaust Air Linear Diffuser

a) Type – the linear diffuser shall be of the continuous line type, fixed pattern 0o
deflection core. The diffuser shall be complete with volume damper, plenum
boxes and shall of the size shown on drawings.

b) Capacity – the capacity of the diffuser shall be as shown on drawings.

c) Construction – the diffuser shall be of aluminum construction.

d) Damper – each section of each diffuser shall be equipped with a volume control
damper. The damper operator shall be constructed with the required friction to
prevent closing of the damper when in the partially open position because of static
pressure. The integral diffuser shall be fabricated from extruded aluminum with
number of slots and air-flow distribution arrangements as indicated in the
schedule. The terminal unit shall have provision for hangers from four corners.

33 - Fresh and Exhaust Air Louvers

a) The fresh air intake shall be of the storm-proof design and shall be provided with
aluminum 14 gauge extruded aluminum louvers with minimum of 62% free area
and fitted with an aluminum bird screen with 19mm (0.75") mesh. Bird screen
shall be on the down stream side of the air intake louver. The face velocity
through the louver shall not exceed 2.8 m/s (550 fpm). Blade spacing for louver
shall not be more than 4" (100mm). Louver installed in the mechanical standards
drawing. Exhaust air louvers construction and installation shall be the same as the
fresh air intake louvers.

b) Fresh Air (Roof Intake) – roof fresh air intake shall be through a rectangular type
hood. Hood shall be water tight and provided with a bird screen. Hood
construction and installation shall be as recommended by the latest edition of the
(Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractor's National Association of USA)
handbook and in accordance with the mechanical standard drawings. Exhaust
hood construction and installation shall be the same as the fresh air intake hood.

34 - Door Grille

a) Type – shall be of the fixed inverted vee section, non vision louver type. The
grille shall be constructed of aluminum with a marginal frame of not less than
32mm wide. Grille shall be provided with counter frame for the outer side of the
door.

b) Construction – the grille shall be constructed of aluminum unless otherwise

specified.

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c) Fixing – the grille shall be fixed at the third of the door at a distance not more
than 25cm from floor level to the lower edge of the frame. Grille shall be secured
by screws to the door.

35 - Kitchen Exhaust Hood

a) Type – the kitchen hood shall be 6" (152mm) larger than the equipment it covers
and 6'-6" (2000mm) high.

b) Capacity – the air flow capacity of the hood shall be as indicated on the exhaust
fan installed with the hood.

c) Construction – the kitchen hood shall be constructed of 18 US gauge stainless

steel sheets with welded or soldered seams. All construction shall be as shown by
the details on the drawings. All seams shall be ground smooth. All electrical
conduits shall be run concealed in the area beyond the filters. Light fixture shall
be of the explosion proof type.

d) Filters (Grease Type) – filters shall be 2" (50mm) thick and of permanent,
cleanable (washable) type as recommended by the manufacturer for the service
required. Filters shall be stainless steel construction. They shall be provided with
complete number of attachments, braces and panels and can be assembled in a
way that a continuous bank of filters of any length can be formed. Filters shall be
installed as detailed on the drawings for kitchen exhaust hood. Filters shall be
extended to the full length of the hood area as nearly as possible.

e) Grease Tray – the hood shall have a removable grease tray installed just under
the filters. The tray shall be removable in sections for ease of cleaning.

f) Duct Connection – the kitchen hood shall house a duct connection from the hood
to the fan as shown on the drawings, and the entire duct from hood to fan shall
have welded or soldered watertight seams to prevent the passage of water or
grease through the duct seams.

g) Firestat Settings – the firestat for the fan serving the kitchen hood shall be set for
175oF (80oC).

36 - Single Zone Air Handling Units

a) Type – the air handling unit shall be of the draw through type as shown on the
drawings and as indicated in schedules.
Each air handling uint shall include the following preassembled components:

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- Combined heating and cooling coil unless otherwise specified,

- Blower,
- Blower Motor,
- Motor starter and electrical equipment,
- Filters,
- Mixing box (if shown on drawings),
- Humidifier.

b) Capacity – the air moving fan and coil capacities shall be as indicated in
schedules.

c) Casing – air handling units shall be double skin constructed from unique panel
elements. That have stiffening sections and rubber seals. Fully integrated into
each panel. Sandwich panels totally enclosed and rot resistant, the insulation core,
tightly enclosed and fully protected against all mechanical and chemical damage.

Double sealing by means of two strips of corrosion resistant and non agoning
hollow body section rubber that is mechanically rolled into each panel. Easy
maintenance given by full height access doors with mechanically bonded rubber
sealing gasket.

Removable panels in fan and coils sections shall provide access to all internal
parts. All unit panels shall be insulated with 25mm (1") glass fiberboard and shall
be chemically cleaned, spray painted, baked and coated with an additional
exterior coat of enamel after final assembly.

d) Motor and Drive – motor shall be v-belt drive with guard and adjustable motor
pulley. Motor name plate horsepower shall exceed brake horsepower by 25% with
airfoil fans. Belts shall be of the oil resistant type. The motor shall be specially
designed for quiet operation (drip-proof motor).

e) Fan – the unit fans shall be double width, double inlet type. Air foil fan wheels
shall be used on all units with greater than 0.93m2 (10 ft2) inlet area. Fan shaft
bearings shall be 200000 hour life lubricated. All rotating parts shall be statically
and dynamically balanced individually after final assembly. Bearings shall be
mounted externally for servicing without dismantling the unit.

f) Heating and Cooling Coil – coil shall be of the continuous aluminum plate fin
and copper tube type assembled in a zinc coated steel frame. The coil shall be
pitched in the unit casing for proper drainage. A drain pan shall be provided as
shown on the drawings. Drain pipe shall be provided as shown on the drawings.
Drain pipe shall be connected to hub outlet on the floor.

The coil shall be tested at 250 psig (17.6 Kg/cm2) air pressure under water for 2
hours. Coils face velocity shall not exceed 4m/s.

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g) Isolation – vibration isolators shall be installed in accordance with the unit

manufacturer's recommendations.

h) Filter – filter shall be of the high efficiency type, permanent, cleanable type. It
shall be 50mm (2") thick and of non-ferrous metal wool construction, unless
otherwise indicated.

i) Mixing Box – if it is shown on drawings and/or the schedule, then the units so
shown shall be provided with a combination filter and mixing box.

The mixing box shall be supplied with opposed blade dampers and necessary
linkage. Dampers shall control the fresh air and the re-circulated air.

Damper linkage shall be interlocked with an extended shaft for simultaneous

operation of both dampers.

Damper blades shall be locked to spliced steel rods which shall be rotated in
bronze bushings.

The mixing box shall be manufactured of same gauge galvanized steel as casing
and shall be properly braced and reinforced and shall have the same finish as the
air handling unit.

Mixing box shall be provided with access panel for filter change on either side.

Mixing box shall be mounted on suitable vibration isolators.

Mixing box casing shall be internally lined with 25mm glass fiberboard. Provide
suitable flanges and openings for duct connections.

37 - Zoning Damper

The zoning damper shall be bolted to the air handling outlet. A longitudinal
division shall separate the hot and cold decks. The transverse section shall be divided into
equal parts. The shaft controlling the dampers in each section shall be jointed by an
external bar to facilitate field groupings. The frame and damper blades shall be
constructed of galvanized steel. The dampers shall be keyed to steel shafts run in bronze
or nylon bushings. Each opening damper shall be operated automatically by an electric
motor under control of a thermostat. The framing shall allow duct connections via flanges
or slip connectors. Units shall be provided with access section with doors for
maintenance and repair of all internal unit parts.

38 - Isolating Valves

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Each air handling unit shall be provided with isolating valves and balancing valve
in the water coils as shown on the drawings. In addition, units so specified in the tender
shall also be fitted with automatic motor operated three way electric control valve with a
summer/winter switch and thermostat.

39 - Fan Coil Units

a) Direct Drive Fan Coil Units – the units shall be suitable for chilled and hot water
applications, their ratings, duties and types shall be as tabulated in schedules.

1. Cabinet – the cabinet shall be constructed of best quality heavy gauge steel, reinforced
and braced for maximum rigidity and removable access panel. It shall be water and
corrosion proof, internally insulated and shall have finished factory coat of paint. Each
unit shall be complete with discharge air grille.

2. Coil – the coil shall be constructed of heavy gauge copper tubes and aluminum fins.
Tubes shall be mechanically expanded to the fins. The coil shall be provided with an
automatic air vent of an approved type. An insulated drain pan fitted with a drain
connection shall be provided to receive all condensation and drip from internal fittings.

3. Filters – 2.5cm thick air filters shall be of the heavy duty cleanable type having non-
ferrous metal wool or other well proved material arranged in a solid frame.
Arrangements shall be made for passing all fresh and re-circulated air through the
filters before passing through the coils.

4. Fans – the fan shall be of the multi-blade centrifugal type, with balanced aluminum
wheel directly coupled to an electric motor.

5. Fan Motor – shall be of the shaded pole, three speed drip proof open type. Motors shall
be equipped with sleeve bearings impregnated with oil. Gun nozzles shall be fitted to
permit recharging lubricant without dismantling the motor. Motors shall be fitted with
overload protection. Motor shall have sufficient lubrication storage so that it can
continuously run for one year without attention.

6. Controls – a manual three speed motor control switch with an "OFF" position shall be
provided with each unit. Integral with unit for vertical standing units and wall mounted
for horizontal units. Each unit shall be provided with isolating and balancing valves as
shown on the drawings. Units shall be provided with an automatic motor operated
three way control valves with a summer/winter switch and thermostat.

b) Belt Drive Fan Coil Units

1. General – these units shall be similar to type (a) above, except as indicated below.

2. Casing – the casing shall be insulated and acoustically lined on the inside with
minimum of 25mm thick fiberglass board.
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3. Fans – the fan wheel shall be manufactured of steel. Wheel shall be double width,
double inlet type mounted on solid steel shafts. Fan wheel shall be statically and
dynamically balanced. Fan bearings shall be self-aligned sleeve type bronze with an
oil cup of ample reserve. The fans shall be belt driven by an electric induction motor
by an adjustable drive. Motor shall be resiliently mounte.

4. Filters – units shall be provided with 5cm thick permanent, cleanable filters.

5. Drain Pan – units shall be provided in addition, to original drain pan, with a secondary
drain pan under valves and piping inside the unit.

6. Unit Mounting – the unit shall be suitable for ceiling suspension and shall be provided
with suitable vibration isolator bases.

7. Unit Control – the manner for unit control shall be as indicated in temperature control
section of these specifications.

40 - Air Filters

Air filters shall be used for outdoor air and re-circulated air and shall be tested in
accordance with ASHRAE test standards 52-76.

a) Dry Type Cleanable (Washable) Panel Filters – shall be of metallic type,

constructed of galvanized steel and designed to provide maximum arrestance,
large dust holding capacity and low resistance.

The filter media shall be constructed of layers of crimped corrugated wire screen
and expanded galvanized steel to provide large filtering area and shall be held in a
heavy gauge galvanized steel frame capable to withstand shock and abuse.

The filter shall be sized for maximum air velocity of 2.5m/sec. with initial press,
drop of not more than 25 Pa and average arrestance of 75%.

This type of filters may be used as a pre-filter to a higher efficiency filter.

b) Grease Type Washable Filters – shall be permanent, washable heavy duty type.
The filter media shall be constructed of multiple layers of crimped, corrugated
galvanized steel wire and expanded galvanized steel arranged to provide
thousands of small progressive baffles, to ensure uniform air flow and maximum
grease holding capacity. The filter media shall be held in a heavy gauge
galvanized steel frame designed to withstand shock and abuse. These filters shall
be used in commercial kitchens, in hotels, institutions and restaurants, to reduce
fire hazards and prolong the service life of fans, motors and other mechanical
equipments.

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c) Disposable Panel Filter with Permanent Frame – disposable panel type filters
with permanent frame shall consist of galvanized steel frame with sealing and
quick release fasteners for filter media changing. Wire grid shall be used as media
support and the effective area shall not be less than 96%. The filter media shall be
made of fiberglass with a nominal thickness of 50mm. capable of operating with
variable face velocity up to 2.54m/sec. without impairing efficiency and rated
initial press. Drop of 50 Pa and a final recommended pressure drop of 125 Pa. The
media shall have an average dust weight arrestance of 75-80 percent on ASHRAE
test standard 52-76. This type of filter may be used as a prefilter to a higher
efficiency filter.

d) Disposable Panel Filters – the filter shall consist of continuous filament glass
fiber of progressive density construction. The air entering side shall have an open
weave fiber pattern with large diameter fibers. The fiber diameter shall become
smaller and the weave shall become progressively tighter from the air entering to
the leaving side of the media. This construction allows dirt to penetrate deep into
the media, utilizing its full depth. Metal retainers shall be placed on both sides of
the media pad to provide support as resistance increases. The medial shall be
contained in a sturdy chipboard frame for dependable operation. The filter
thickness shall be minimum 50mm.

The filter shall be sized for a maximum air velocity of 2.54m/sec. with initial
pressure drop of not more than 50Pa and final pressure drop of 125 Pa. the
average arrestance shall be 75-80 per cent.

This type of filter may be used as a prefilter to a higher efficiency filter.

e) Disposable Extended Surface Air Filters (Pleated Panel Type) – the filter shall
be of disposable, medium efficiency, pleated panel type. It shall be designed to
provide better performance and larger service life than the conventional panel
filters. It may be used alone or as a prefilter in a high efficiency unit. The filter
shall be of two inches or four inches deep as required in the project documents.
The filter shall consist of a plated media pack enclosed in a strong chipboard
frame.

Metal retainers shall be placed on both sides of the media pack to provide support
as resistance increases. The plated media pack shall be bonded to the inside of the
frame, forming a totally unitized construction.
The media shall be supported by a wire grid to maintain the uniform shape of the
pleats to ensure proper air flow and dust loading at the rated filter velocity.

The medial shall have an average dust spot efficiently of 25 to 30 per cent when
tested in accordance with ASHRAE standards 52-76 and shall have an average
arrestance of not less than 90%, with a rated initial pressure drop of 75 Pa and a
final recommended pressure drop of 200 Pa at a face velocity of 2.54 m/sec. for
50mm. thick filter.

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f) Bag Filters – it shall be of dry, extended surface pocket type consisting of 16

gauge galvanized steel holding frame and replaceable filter. Holding frames shall
be predrilled for convenient assembly into banks and shall be installed to provide
service from the air intake side. Holding frames shall be equipped with factory
installed special high temperature gaskets and heavy duty rotary spring type
latches which fasten across the corners of the filter to force the filter firmly
against the gasket. Replaceable air filter shall consist of rigid rust-resistance metal
headers to which individual pockets of filter media are attached. The media shall
be made from ultra-fine fiberglass supported on the air leaving side by a
protective media backing.

The bag filter shall be designed for a face velocity of 2.54m/sec.

Bag filters are available in different efficiency ranges. The efficiency of the
required filters shall be as given in the project documents.

The following table shows the initial and final pressure drop for different
efficiency ranges:

Efficiency dust spot as per Permissible initial press Recommended final

ASHRAE 52-76 drop (Pa) pressure drop (Pa)
40-45 75 250
50-55 87 300
60-65 100 300
80-95 112 300
90-95 162 300

g) High Efficiency Box Filter – it shall be a high efficiency air filter with a
minimum efficiency if 95% determined by the DOP test method. The filter shall
consist of a frame, in which the media is inserted, in tightly folded form. The
frame shall be of electro-zincated sheet and the media shall be produced from a
waterproof high strength glass fiber paper. The filter shall be held open by a
corrugated separator; the separator shall be of safe edge aluminum. The filter shall
be supplied with gasket of either closed cell neoprene or glass fiber and shall be
provided with sealer between the filter medial and the frame. The sealer shall be
of neoprene rubber, glass fiber, silicon glue, or ceramics according to the
temperature requirements.

The initial pressure drop shall not exceed 250 Pa and final recommended pressure
drop shall not exceed 500Pa at a face velocity of 2.54 m/sec.

h) Automatic Roll Type Filters – automatic roll type filters shall be either of
vertical or horizontal type. It shall consist of filter media roll boxes and drive. The
medial shall be of fiber glass, reinforced by glass filaments and compressed on a
disposable steel core spool with permanent galvanized plates.

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Tightly closing filter seat shall be provided to prevent any unfiltered air from
passing around the filter. Roll boxes shall be of galvanized steel and shall
completely enclose both clean and used media and ensure that media can not be
installed backwards. The drive motor shall be factory assembled and pre-wired
and shall be with gear and chain and control consisting of adjustable static
pressure controller or automatic adjustable timer with manual override,
interlocked to fan motor by interlocking relay. Filter medial shall be at least 25m
long and 50mm thick with filter face velocity of maximum 2.54m/sec initial
resistance approximately 50 Pa and average dust weight arrestance shall be 70-80
per cent on ASHRAE test standard 52-76.

i) Activated Carbon Filters – activated carbon filters shall be used for absorbing
gaseous and odorous contaminants from intake air and odorous or harmful
substances from exhaust air. It shall be suitable for duct or wall installation,
cylindrical or panel type as required in project documents. The media shall be
activated carbon and the filter housing shall be made of stainless steel.

j) Sand Filter (Inertial Separator) – the filter shall be factory assembled unit
comprising of V-shaped inertial separator cell or cells, secondary dust manifold
and housing. V-shaped inertial separator cell or cells, secondary dust manifold
and housing shall be of 304 stainless steel. The unit shall have a bleed fan and
dischargeoua. The unit shall be fabricated of one or more cells, individual cells to
be welded to form a multi-bank arrangement of the size required. Each cell shall
consist of V-shaped blades arranged to present circuitous path to the air flow and
to redirect the air towards the clean air outlet. The efficiency of the air cleaner
shall be not less than 90% as per AFI standards on coarse dust and 78% on fine
dust and 10% bleed off. Pressure loss from inlet to clean air outlet shall not
exceed 250 Pa.

Bleed fans shall be of the heavy duty, centrifugal type with straight radial blades,
single inlet single width. Fan shall be direct driven by a totally enclosed fan
cooled motor coupled to the shaft of the impeller. Motors shall be suitable for
ambient temperature up to 50 deg. C.D.B.

41 - Fans-Propeller Type (Wall Mounted)

a) Type – the fan shall be of the direct drive three or four blade type, mounted on a
steel plate with orifice ring.

Fan shall be the type that can be wall mounted.

b) Mounting Plate – the mounting plate shall be the manufacturer's standard size
and shall be of a size ample to fit the opening provided.

c) Fan Blades – shall be constructed of steel or aluminum. The fan hub shall be of
heavy construction and shall be steel or semi-steel, and blades shall be riveted to
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the hub. Fan blades shall be quiet in operation and shall be statically and
dynamically balanced at the factory.

d) Shaft – shall be of steel, accurately ground and shall be of ample size of the loads
transmitted, and shall not pass through a critical speed through the full range of
speed shown for the fan.

e) Motor – the motor shall be of standard type that is easily replaceable and may be
either sleeve or ball bearing type. Maximum RPM of the motor shall be 1000 rpm.

f) Damper – a gravity exhaust damper shall be provided at the discharge side of the
fan.

g) Control – the fan shall be controlled manually from a wall mounted on-off
switch, or unit mounted pull-cord switch.

h) Electrical Characteristics – each fan motor shall be 1/240/50.

i) Fan shall be selected for quiet operation.

42 - Fans-Centrifugal Type (Wall Mounted)

a) Type – the unit shall be of the direct, or belt driven centrifugal with aluminum
housing for wall mounting, and shall be completely weatherized, and provided
with bake-draft shutters.

b) Capacity – shall be as shown on the drawings.

c) Fan – shall be of the centrifugal type that has been statically and dynamically
balanced at the factory. The fan shall be of a backward curved centrifugal wheel.

d) Motor – the motor shall be installed in a totally enclosed weatherproof housing

outside of the airstream. The electrical characteristics shall be as shown on
drawings.

e) Bird Screen – the entire air outlet of the fan shall be protected by (12mm ×
12mm) aluminum mesh securely installed in place.

f) Unit shall be designed for duct connection, if so shown on the drawings.

g) Installation – fan shall be attached to the exterior wall by means of fasteners

through a special integral perimeter flange.

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h) Fan shall be selected for quiet operation.

43 - Centrifugal Air Exhauster

a) Type – the unit shall be of the direct or belt driven centrifugal with aluminum
housing for roof mounting, and shall be completely weatherized, and provided
with back-draft shutters.

b) Capacity – shall be as indicated on the drawings and in bill of quantities.

c) Fan – shall be of the centrifugal type that has been statically and dynamically
balanced at the factory. The fan shall be of low noise level.

d) Motor – the motor shall be installed in a totally enclosed weatherproof housing

outside of the air stream. The motor shall be of the type that is capable to
withstand high ambient temperature in the range of 115oF-140oF (46oC-60oC). the
electrical characteristics shall be 1/240/50 unless otherwise indicated on
schedules.

e) Installation – the exhauster shall be installed on the roof on a curb as detailed on

the drawings.

f) Disconnected Switch – a factory wired non-fused disconnected switch shall be

located under the hood of the unit.

g) Bird Screen – the entire air outlet of the fan shall be protected by (12mm ×
12mm) aluminum mesh securely installed in place.

h) Controls – fan shall operate manually by an on/off switch installed on the control
panel in the plant room.

44 - Centrifugal Power Supply Fan

a) Type – the unit shall be of the belt driven centrifugal type and housing shall be
constructed of galvanized steel with the side sheet secured to the scroll by means
of a deep lock seam.

Lock seam construction is required to add rigidity to fan housing and shall insure
an airtight seal between scroll and side sheet.

A stiffener head shall be used for reinforcement around the side and top of the
discharge and shall be completely weatherized.

b) Capacity – shall be as shown on drawings.

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c) Fan – shall be the backwardly inclined type with centrifugal wheel and has been
statically and dynamically balanced at the factory.

d) Motor – the motor shall be installed in totally enclosed weatherproof housing

outside of the air stream. The electrical characteristics of the motor shall be
3/400/50 and the motor supports shall be adjustable and constructed of heavy
galvanized steel channel.

e) Drive – the unit shall be belt driven. The belt shall be oil resistant. And adjustable
sheave in the motor shall be provided to allow changes in the fan speed.

f) Installation – the unit shall be installed on the roof as shown on the drawings.

g) Disconnect Switch – a factory wired non-fused disconnect switch shall be located

adjacent to the unit.

h) Bird Screen – the entire air inlet of the fan shall be protected by (12mm × 12mm)
aluminum mesh securely installed in place.

i) Vibration Isolation – each fan shall be provided with suitable vibration isolation
as recommended by the manufacturer.

45 - Fans, In-Line

a) Type – the fan shall be of the centrifugal inline type, completely assembled with
fan, motor, belt drive, belt guard, and motor mount. The motor shall be outside of
the air stream.

b) Capacity – the capacity shall be as shown on the drawings and as indicated on the
schedules.

c) Arrangement of duct connections shall be as shown on the drawings.

d) Mounting – the fan shall be mounted as shown on the drawings.

e) Housing – housing shall be constructed of steel sheet and all parts shall be
bonderized and then coated with baked primer-finisher especially formulated to
meet stringent corrosion resistance standards. The fan scroll shall be attached to
the side plates by means of continuous lock seam or welded seam construction.
Intermittent spot welded type construction will not be acceptable. One inch
(25mm) wire mesh inlet screens shall be provided on the inlet.

f) Fan Wheels – the fan wheels shall be of the backward inclined type.

g) Shaft – the shaft shall be constructed of ground and polished steel.

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h) Bearings – the bearings shall be of the ball bearing type and shall be especially
constructed for quiet operation. Bearings shall be of the self-aligning, grease pack
pillow block type.

i) Motor and Drive – motor and drive shall be belt driven with adjustable motor
sheave. Motor nameplate horsepower shall exceed brake horsepower by a
minimum of 20%. Belts shall be of the oil resistance type. Motor shall be
especially designed for quiet operation.

j) Rotation Arrow – the rotation of the fan shall be checked on start up and if there
is no rotation arrow supplied by the manufacturer, the subcontractor shall install a
correct rotation arrow.

k) Vibration Isolation – each fan shall be provided with suitable vibration isolation
as recommended by the manufacturer.

46 -Utility Exhaust Fan

a) Type – utility fan shall be of the type that is especially suitable for serviced
indicated in the schedule and shall be of the forward curved wheel, direct drive
unless otherwise indicated in the schedules.

b) Capacity – fan capacity shall be as indicated on the plans or/and in schedules.

c) Housing – shall be constructed of steel with the side sheet secured to the scroll by
means of a deep lock seam. Lock seam construction required to add rigidity to fan
housing construction and shall insure an air tight seal between scroll and side
sheet.

A stiffener head shall be used for reinforcement around the sides and top of the
discharge.

A weather proof hood shall be also furnished.

d) Motor – motor supports shall be adjustable. Bearings and supports shall be

constructed of heavy steel channel and bearing shall be of the oil lubricated sleeve
type.

Motor shall be totally enclosed, drip proof and capable of withstanding high
ambient temperatures 50oC (122oF).

Electric supply characteristics to motor shall be 3/400/50 unless otherwise

indicated on schedules and/or plans.

e) Fan – shall be installed of vibration isolators as recommended by manufacturer.

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47 - Air Flow Balance and Test

a) Scope – after completion of the installation of the air conditioning, heating,

ventilating and exhaust systems, and prior to acceptance by the owners, all air
handling systems and appurtenances applicable to the above system shall be
adjusted and balanced to deliver the air and water quantities as specified,
indicated on the drawings, or as directed.

b) Method of Balancing and Testing

1. Air Movement – air quantity measurements in main and branch ducts shall be
performed by pitot tube traverse of the entire cross sectional area of the duct. Ducts
having velocities of 304m/min (1000ft/min) shall be measured by inclined
manometers (draught gauge) or magnehelic gauges. Air measurements required for
ducts having velocities of less than 304m/min (1000ft/min) shall be performed with
micromanometers, hook gauges, or similar low pressure instruments. Openings in
ducts for pitot tube insertion shall be sealed with snap-in plugs after air balance is
complete. Outlet and inlet air quantities shall be determined by direct reading
velocity meters in accordance with outlet and inlet manufacturer's
recommendations.

2. Air Quantity Adjustments – total air quantities shall be obtained by adjustment of

fan speeds.

Branch duct air quantities shall be adjusted by volume or splitter dampers. Dampers
shall be permanently marked after air balance is complete so that they can be
restored to their correct position if disturbed at any time.

Volume adjusters may be used to balance air quantities at outlets and inlets
providing final adjustments do not produce sound levels in excess of heretofore
specified limits, or objectionable draughts. Air quantity adjustments by outlet
deflectors, grids or air scoops will not be permitted.

c) Reports – the contractor shall conduct air balance test in the presence of the
engineer or his present representative. 3 copies of balance report will be
forwarded to the consultant for evaluation and approval. If requested, the
contractor shall conduct any or all of the above field tests in the presence of the
consultant or his representative.

48 - Automatic Temperature Control System

a) Scope – the contractor under this heading shall furnish all labour, materials,
equipment and services required to provide a compete temperature control
system.

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Control diagrams submitted do not limit the number of devices used in the control
system. If more devices were needed to provide a complete control system, the
contractor shall provide them as needed. Control diagrams only indicate the way
the system should operate and do not indicate the number of devices needed.

The control system shall be electric or electronic unless otherwise indicated on

drawings and/or in bill of quantities.

Wall mounted sensing devices shall be installed at a height of 1.5 meter from
finished floor level.

Control valves shall be installed horizontally with power unit upward.

b) Refrigeration Control – the control system in each water chiller shall be

electrically and mechanically interlocked so that the chiller can not start or
operate unless the following conditions exist:

1. A flow switch in the chilled water circuit established flow through the chiller
piping circuit.

2. A flow switch in the condenser water circuit established flow through the
condenser piping circuit.

3. High discharge pressure cut-out off.

4. Low suction pressure cut-out off.

5. Low oil pressure cut-out off.

6. Low limit thermostat cut-out off.

7. Compressor motor temperature cut-out off.

8. Supply chilled water temperature is above a pre-set level corresponding to the

start condition of the refrigeration machine.

c) Operation of the Refrigeration Plant:

1. The chilled water pump, condenser water pump and cooling tower fan shall be
started manually.

2. The flow switches in the chilled water and condenser water circuits shall sense
the flow.

3. The auxiliary contacts (normally open) in the motor starters of the chilled water
pump, condenser water pump and cooling tower fan shall close.

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4. If conditions in (1) to (8) of item (b) above are satisfied, the compressor shall
start unloaded.

5. Once the compressor starts it shall be staged in sequence to give the capacity
necessary to maintain chilled water temperature at design value.

6. The compressor capacity regulation shall be under command of floating

temperature controller in the chilled water return pipe.

7. In case of power interruption, a re-cycling relay shall return the capacity control
system to the start position.

8. Capacity control system for centrifugal compressors shall provide a full

modulating reduction of capacity from 100% to 10%.

9. Capacity control system for reciprocating compressors shall provide 4 stages of

capacity control, 100%, 75%, and 25%.

d) Space Temperature Control – Single Zone Air Handling Unit

1. Cooling/Heating coil capacity shall be modulated by a motorized 3-way

diverting valve located on chilled water return.

2. Valve motor shall be actuated by a modulating fully proportional room

thermostat. Location of thermostat shall be as shown on the drawings.

3. A summer/winter change over switch shall adjust the operation of the room
thermostat as direct action for winter season and indirect action for summer
season.

e) Space Temperature Control – Multi Zone Air Handling Unit

1. Space thermostat, modulating fully proportional type, for each season shall
actuate the electric motor to modulate the face and by-pass dampers of each
individual zone.

2. Location of zone thermostat shall be as shown on drawings.

3. A summer/winter change over switch shall adjust the operation of the room
thermostat as direct action for winter season and indirect action for summer
season.

f) Space Temperature Control – Fan Coil Units

1. Control system shall include a manually operated fan switch, (3-speed switch
for direct drive units and single speed for belt drive units) electric thermostat
and a manual summer/winter switch.
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2. The thermo stat shall operate a motorized 3-way diverting valve.

3. Controls shall be energized only if the fan is operating.

4. Thermostat and fan switch shall be unit mounted for cabinet vertical units,
floor mounted type and the thermostat shall sense return air temperature.

For horizontal concealed units the thermostat and fan switch shall be wall
mounted in an approved location.

A summer/winter switch shall be incorporated with the thermostat and

switch panel.

g) Electric Water Heater Control

The control system in each heater shall be electrically and mechanically

interlocked so that heater can not operate unless the following conditions exist:

1. A flow switch in the hot water circuit established flow.

2. High limit thermostat cut-out off.

3. Low water level cut-out off.

4. Supply hot water temperature is below a pre-set level.

h) Operation of Electric Water Heater

1. Hot water pump shall be started manually.

2. The flow switch in the hot water circuit shall sense the flow.

3. The auxiliary contact (normally open) in the motor starter of the hot water
pump shall close.

4. If conditions in (1) to (4) of item (g) above are satisfied the heater shall operate.

5. Once the heater operates it shall be staged in sequence to give the capacity
necessary to maintain hot water temperature at design value.

6. In case of shutdown or power interruption a re-cycling relay shall return the

capacity control system to the start position.

7. Capacity control system shall provide the required number of control stages as
stated in the schedule or in drawings.

Developed in Cooperation with the University of Technology – Baghdad

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AFCEE Iraq Interim Construction Standards 58 Mechanical
Services

49 - System Tests

a) Scope – subsequent to the final air and water balance tests, the entire heating and
air conditioning systems shall be tested to satisfy performance of all units as a
satisfactory system. Test will run for three weeks.

Contractor shall provide all necessary instruments and measuring devices to carry
out all tests. The quantities measured are shown in the annex.

b) Heating System – the entire heating system shall be tested at completion of the
building and it shall be established that all controls are calibrated accurately and
performing satisfactorily and that all units are heating satisfactorily in the January
after commissioning. The systems shall be checked for vibration and excessive
noise and all such conditions corrected.

c) Air Conditioning System – the entire air conditioning system shall be tested at
the first August summer weather next following the completion of the building
and it shall be established that all controls are calibrated accurately and
performing satisfactorily and that all units are cooling satisfactorily. The systems
shall be checked for vibration and excessive noise and all such conditions
corrected.

d) Ventilation System – the entire ventilation system shall be tested at the

completion of the project, and it shall be established that controls are performing
satisfactorily and that all rooms are ventilated properly. The systems shall be
checked for vibration and excessive noise and all such conditions corrected.

e) Final Clean-Up – at the completion of all work, all equipment on the project
shall be checked and thoroughly cleaned, including coils, plenums, under
equipment provided under this section. Any filters used during construction shall
be replaced with new filters during final clean-up.

f) Painting – at the completion of all work all equipment on the project shall be
checked for painting damage, and any factory finished paint that has been
damaged shall be repainted to match the adjacent areas. Any metal or specially
covered areas that have been deformed shall be replaced with new material and
repainted to match the adjacent areas.

Developed in Cooperation with the University of Technology – Baghdad

DRAFT
 DRAFT
AFCEE Iraq Interim Construction Standards 59 Mechanical
Services

g) Test Readings for Chilled/Hot Water System

Item Test Readings Unit

Compressor Refrigerant gas suction pressure Kg/cm2 (psi)
o
Refrigerant gas suction temperature C (oF)
Refrigerant gas discharge pressure Kg/cm2 (psi)
o
Refrigerant gas discharge temperature C (oF)
Oil pressure Kg/cm2 (psi)
Power consumption 100% load Kw
Power consumption 75% load Kw
Power consumption 50% load Kw
Power consumption 25% load Kw
Chiller Refrigerant gas suction pressure Kg/cm2 (psi)
o
Refrigerant gas suction temperature C (oF)
o
Refrigerant gas temperature in the chiller C (oF)
Water flow rate
Ent. Water temperature lit/min. (gpm)
o
Leav water temperature C (oF)
o
Ent water pressure C (oF)
Leav water pressure Kg/cm2 (psi)
Kg/cm2 (psi)
Condenser Refrigerant condensing pressure Kg/cm2 (psi)
o
Refrigerant condensing temperature C (oF)
Water flow rate lit/min. (gpm)
o
Leav water temperature C (oF)
Ent water pressure Kg/cm2 (psi)
Leav water pressure Kg/cm2 (psi)
Lumps flow rate lit/min. (gpm)
discharge pressure Kg/cm2 (psi)
suction pressure Kg/cm2 (psi)
Cooling Water flow rate lit/min. (gpm)
o
tower (each Ent. Water flow temperature C (oF)
o
cell) Leav water temperature C (oF)
o
Wet bulb approach C (oF)
Boiler ater Water flow rate lit/min. (gpm)
o
flow Ent. Water flow temperature C (oF)
o
Leav water temperature C (oF)
Pressure in the boiler Kg/cm2 (psi)
Oil consumption lit/min. (gpm)
Electric consumption K.Whrs.

Developed in Cooperation with the University of Technology – Baghdad

DRAFT
 DRAFT
AFCEE Iraq Interim Construction Standards 60 Mechanical
Services

Item Test Readings Unit

Air handling Air quantity M3/hr (cfm)
o
and fan coil Ent. Air temperature DB C (oF)
o
units Ent. Air temperature WB C (oF)
o
Leav Air temperature DB C (oF)
o
Leav Air temperature WB C (oF)
o
Ent water temperature C (oF)
o
Leav water temperature C (oF)
Ent water pressure Kg/cm2 (psi)
Leav water pressure Kg/cm2 (psi)
Water flow rate lit/min. (gpm)
Draught gauge air-on filter mm mercury
(in")
Draught gauge air-off filter mm mercury
(in")
Exhaust fan Air quantity M3/hr (cfm)
Static pressure (wg) mm (in")
Lower consumed Kw
Electric Insulation resistance Megohms
motors Starting current Amps
Full load current Amps
Speed rpm
Line voltage volts
Supply air Air flow rate M3/hr
o
grilles Temperature DB C (oF)
o
Temperature WB C (oF)
o
Space Center DP C (oF)
o
readings Center WD C (oF)
o
1/2m from corner 1 DB C (oF)
o
1/2m from corner WB C (oF)
o
1/2m from corner 2 DB C (oF)
o
1/2m from corner 2 WB C (oF)
o
1/2m from corner 3 DB C (oF)
o
1/2m from corner 4 DB C (oF)
o
1/2m from corner 4 WB C (oF)

Developed in Cooperation with the University of Technology – Baghdad

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