ASSIGNMENT 2 FRONT SHEET

Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing

Unit number and title Unit 14: Business Intelligence

Submission date Date Received 1st submission

Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission

Student Name Ngo Thi Khanh Chi Student ID BH00182

Class IT0503 Assessor name Dinh Van Dong

Student declaration

I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand that
making a false declaration is a form of malpractice.

Student’s signature Chi

Grading grid

P3 P4 M3 D3

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 Summative Feedback:  Resubmission Feedback:

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 Table of Contents
A. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 6
B. DETERMINE, WITH EXAMPLE, WHAT BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE IS AND THE TOOLS
AND TECHNIQUES ASSOCIATED WITH IT (P3) ................................................................................... 7
1. Business Intelligence (BI) ................................................................................................................... 7
1.1. Benefits of BI ............................................................................................................................... 8
1.2. Some tools .................................................................................................................................... 9
2. Examples of Business Intelligence System used in Practice ............................................................. 12
2.1. Example 1 - BMW .................................................................................................................... 12
2.2. Example 2 – Zara ...................................................................................................................... 13
2.3. Example 3 - Nike ...................................................................................................................... 14
2.4. Example 4 - Starbucks .............................................................................................................. 15
2.5. Example 5 - FedEx .................................................................................................................... 16
3. Tools and techniques associated with Business Intelligence ............................................................ 17
3.1. Tools associated with Business Intelligence .............................................................................. 17
a. Tableau ....................................................................................................................................... 17
b. Advantages of Tableau ............................................................................................................... 18
c. Disadvantages of Tableau .......................................................................................................... 18
d. icCube ........................................................................................................................................ 19
e. Google Chart .............................................................................................................................. 20
f. Advantages of Google Chart ...................................................................................................... 21
g. Disadvantages of Google Chart ................................................................................................. 21
h. Predictive analytics tool ............................................................................................................. 22
IBM SPSS Modeler ....................................................................................................................... 22
RapidMiner .................................................................................................................................... 23
Microsoft Azure Machine Learning Studio ................................................................................... 24
Python (with libraries like scikit-learn and TensorFlow) .............................................................. 25
R Language .................................................................................................................................... 26
i. Multi – Cloud strategy ............................................................................................................... 27
3.2. Techniques associated with Business Intelligence ..................................................................... 29
a. OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) ....................................................................................... 29
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 b. Data Mining ............................................................................................................................... 30
c. Sisense ........................................................................................................................................ 35
d. Microsoft BI platform ................................................................................................................ 36
e. SAP Business Intelligence ......................................................................................................... 37
f. Self-Service reporting ................................................................................................................ 38
g. Data visualization ....................................................................................................................... 39
C. DESIGN A BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE TOOL, APPLICATION OR INTERFACE THAT CAN
PERFORM A SPECIFIC TASK TO SUPPORT PROBLEM-SOLVING OR DECISION-MAKING AT
AN ADVANCED LEVEL ........................................................................................................................... 41
1. Data processing ................................................................................................................................. 41
1.1. Definition ................................................................................................................................... 41
1.2. Type of Data processing ............................................................................................................ 42
Batch Processing ............................................................................................................................... 42
Real-time Processing ......................................................................................................................... 42
Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) ............................................................................................ 42
Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) .............................................................................................. 43
Data Mining ....................................................................................................................................... 43
1.3. Advantages of Data processing .................................................................................................. 44
1.4. Disadvantages of Data processing ............................................................................................. 45
2. Show and explain data ....................................................................................................................... 46
3. Python ................................................................................................................................................ 48
3.1. Features and benefits of Python ................................................................................................. 48
Features ............................................................................................................................................. 48
Benefits .............................................................................................................................................. 48
3.2. Use BI ........................................................................................................................................ 49
4. Tableau .............................................................................................................................................. 50
5. Google form ...................................................................................................................................... 53
D. CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................................... 56
E. REFERENCES...................................................................................................................................... 57

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 List of Figures
Figure 1: Business Intelligence .............................................................................................................................................................. 7
Figure 2: Benefits of BI .............................................................................................................................................................................. 8
Figure 3: Tableau ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Figure 4: Power BI ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Figure 5: QlikView..................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 6: Domo ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 7: Looker ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Figure 8: BMW ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 12
Figure 9: Zara .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Figure 10: Nike ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
Figure 11: Starbucks ................................................................................................................................................................................ 15
Figure 12: FedEx ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 16
Figure 13: Tableau .................................................................................................................................................................................... 17
Figure 14: icCube ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Figure 15: Google Chart .......................................................................................................................................................................... 20
Figure 16: IBM SPSS Modeler ............................................................................................................................................................... 22
Figure 17: RapidMiner ............................................................................................................................................................................ 23
Figure 18: Microsoft Azure Machine Learning Studio ............................................................................................................... 24
Figure 19: Python ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 25
Figure 20: R Language ............................................................................................................................................................................. 26
Figure 21: Multi - Cloud strategy ........................................................................................................................................................ 27
Figure 22: OLAP ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Figure 23: RapidMiner ............................................................................................................................................................................ 30
Figure 24: Knime ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Figure 25: Weka ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 32
Figure 26: Apache Mahout..................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Figure 27: Orange ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
Figure 28: Sisense ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Figure 29: Microsoft BI platform ........................................................................................................................................................ 36
Figure 30: SAP BI ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 37
Figure 31: Self - Serve reporting ......................................................................................................................................................... 38
Figure 32: Data visualization ................................................................................................................................................................ 39
Figure 33: Dataset ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 46
Figure 34: Python ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 49
Figure 35: Dashboard .............................................................................................................................................................................. 50
Figure 36: Tableau 1 ................................................................................................................................................................................ 51
Figure 38: Tableau 3 ................................................................................................................................................................................ 52
Figure 37: Tableau 2 ................................................................................................................................................................................ 52
Figure 39: Google form 1 ........................................................................................................................................................................ 53
Figure 40: Google form 2 ........................................................................................................................................................................ 54
Figure 41: Google form 3 ........................................................................................................................................................................ 55

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 A. INTRODUCTION

As mentioned in the first report, our company has been working in an FPT store for 2 years. FPT shop is an
online sales platform. For a new, fledgling company, the competition in the market is very high. Therefore, the
Board of Directors decided to apply Business Intelligence to improve the company's business processes by
making better decisions.

In the first report, management tasked us with researching business and decision support processes in the
company and identifying data types (unstructured, semi-structured or structured). We have completed these
tasks and have conducted research on current software used in business or decision support processes and
evaluated these uses (including benefits and limitations). In addition, we have also explored and provided
information on the types of support for decision making at different levels (operational, tactical and strategic)
within the company. Next, we researched what business intelligence features could help with that kind of
support, researching information systems or technologies (BI's) could use in this case. We compared and
contrasted them and came to a conclusion which one to use.

In continuation of the first report, in this second report we will demonstrate to the board of directors the ability
to apply business intelligence in the company's current business processes. This article will include the
following sections: Explain general concept of what is BI, Introduction to some tools / techniques for BI and
their application in general, give a dataset extracted from the company's business process and explain the
dataset. Show how we pre-process data for later analysis, explain each step and it purpose. Design dashboards
to show your analysis on pre-processed data. Explain clearly the purpose of dashboards and charts. Suggestions
should be made after analysis. In addition, during the demonstration, we will also collect feed-back and
comments from users to review how well our dashboards design meet user or business requirement and what
customization needed for future use.

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 B. DETERMINE, WITH EXAMPLE, WHAT BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE IS AND THE TOOLS
AND TECHNIQUES ASSOCIATED WITH IT (P3)
1. Business Intelligence (BI)
Business intelligence (BI) is a technology-driven process for analyzing data and delivering actionable
information that helps executives, managers and workers make informed business decisions. As part of the BI
process, organizations collect data from internal IT systems and external sources, prepare it for analysis, run
queries against the data and create data visualizations, BI dashboards and reports to make the analytics results
available to business users for operational decision-making and strategic planning.

The ultimate goal of BI initiatives is to drive better business decisions that enable organizations to increase
revenue, improve operational efficiency and gain competitive advantages over business rivals. To achieve that
goal, BI incorporates a combination of analytics, data management and reporting tools, plus various
methodologies for managing and analyzing data.

Figure 1: Business Intelligence

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 1.1. Benefits of BI

Figure 2: Benefits of BI
The Benefits of Business Intelligence:
- Fast and accurate reporting. Due to the time-consuming and labor intensive nature of business reporting,
multimodal tools impact businesses. Employees will be able to monitor KPIs by using tools like
templates or custom reports. Besides, there are a variety of data sources, including financial and
operational data.
- Significant business Insights. If there has to be a combination of actions in the business world, nothing
better than to put together business data and its analysis. All with the purpose of allowing organizations
to come up with better business decisions. These decisions are led by improved business processes.
This will allow valuable business insights and information fundamental for the company.
- Competitive analysis. Business Intelligence are the tools, software and systems of a business. They are
key and essential to an organization’s strategic planning process. Also, there is competitive intelligence.
This refers to analyzing a company’s industry and its competition with the purpose to make strategic
business decisions that will help differentiate the company from other market representatives.
- Better BI data quality. Data analysis is the base of BI, so, the organization will not only collect, but will
also analyze data. So, its quality about BI, is a measurement that evaluates the accuracy and reliability
of the data in an organization. It also determines the completeness and the usability of the analyzed
data. Thus, one of the many other benefits of Business Intelligence is that it will improve the quality of
the data.
- Higher Margins. Thanks to BI, businesses can lower their production costs and identify opportunities
in demand that offer them higher margins, thus improving their ROI significantly.

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 1.2. Some tools
Tableau: Tableau is a popular BI platform that allows users to create interactive and shareable dashboards
and reports. It can connect to various data sources, perform data blending, and offer data visualization tools
for better insights. Tableau is used in many sectors, including finance, healthcare, retail, and marketing, to
visualize and analyze data effectively.

Figure 3: Tableau
Power BI: Power BI is a Microsoft product that offers robust data visualization and analytics capabilities. It
integrates seamlessly with other Microsoft tools like Excel, SharePoint, and SQL Server. Power BI allows
users to create interactive dashboards and reports, share insights, and collaborate with team members in
real-time.

Figure 4: Power BI

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QlikView: QlikView is a self-service BI platform that enables users to explore and analyze data from various
sources quickly. It utilizes in-memory data processing to provide rapid data retrieval and supports
associative data models, allowing users to drill down and explore data relationships easily. QlikView is
commonly used in industries such as manufacturing, logistics, and supply chain management.

Figure 5: QlikView
Domo: Domo is a cloud-based BI platform that offers a range of data visualization, collaboration, and data
integration features. It allows users to connect to multiple data sources, create real-time dashboards, and
share insights across the organization. Domo is used in various industries, including e-commerce,
technology, and finance.

Figure 6: Domo

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Looker: Looker is a data platform that provides a modern approach to BI and data analytics. It offers data
exploration and modeling capabilities, allowing users to create and share interactive reports and dashboards.
Looker is commonly used by companies for marketing analytics, sales performance tracking, and product
analytics.

Figure 7: Looker

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 2. Examples of Business Intelligence System used in Practice
2.1. Example 1 - BMW

Figure 8: BMW
Business Intelligence (BI) plays a vital role in BMW's business, helping them make smart decisions, optimize
production operations, improve customer service, and better understand markets and consumers.

BMW uses BI to track the performance of different make and models of cars. This data helps them evaluate
the performance of their models and make the necessary adjustments to improve product quality and features.
Using data from different sources and BI analysis techniques, BMW is able to predict market demand for
specific product lines. This helps them to efficiently adjust production and stockpile inventory.

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 2.2. Example 2 – Zara

Figure 9: Zara
Business Intelligence (BI) plays a vital role in the business of the Zara brand, helping them make strategic
decisions and develop marketing campaigns, improve inventory management, and gain insight into customer
preferences.

Zara uses BI to analyze data from various sources, including social media, search trends, and sales data. Based
on this information, they can predict market trends, learn about popular clothing and styles, and make product
design decisions. In addition, Zara uses BI to analyze data about customers' shopping behavior and preferences.
This helps them better understand their customers, thereby providing more relevant products and services, and
creating a better shopping experience for them.

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 2.3. Example 3 - Nike

Figure 10: Nike

Nike, one of the leading sportswear and footwear brands, uses BI to track sales and customer feedback. Using
data from various sources and BI analysis techniques, Nike is able to predict market demand for specific
product lines. This helps them to efficiently regulate production and distribution.

BI data helps Nike better understand market trends and make distribution and marketing decisions, optimize
manufacturing operations, deliver tailored products and services to customers, and maintain a strong
competitive position in the sports and fashion industries.

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 2.4. Example 4 - Starbucks

Figure 11: Starbucks

Starbucks, an international coffee chain, uses BI to analyze data from stores and customers. This data includes
information about sales, shopping habits and feedback from customers. In addition, Starbucks uses BI to track
the effectiveness of its loyalty program and evaluate the impact of promotions and offers. BI data helps them
optimize their program to attract and retain loyal customers.

Through BI, Starbucks can optimize workflow, predict consumption trends, and develop effective marketing
strategies.

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 2.5. Example 5 - FedEx

Figure 12: FedEx

FedEx is one of the largest shipping companies in the world. FedEx uses BI to track the route and status of
packages. BI data helps them make smart decisions about shipping routes, ensure on-time delivery, and
minimize shipping time and costs. In addition, FedEx also uses BI to track and analyze costs related to shipping
operations, from fuel costs to staff costs. This data helps them optimize costs and enhance profits.

Using Business Intelligence in its business operations, FedEx is able to optimize shipping operations, improve
service quality, and maintain its leading position in the shipping and freight forwarding industry.

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 3. Tools and techniques associated with Business Intelligence
3.1.Tools associated with Business Intelligence
a. Tableau

Figure 13: Tableau

Tableau is a powerful data visualization and business intelligence tool developed by Tableau Software, now a
part of Salesforce. It allows users to connect to various data sources, create interactive dashboards, and generate
visualizations to gain insights and communicate data effectively. Tableau is the fastest growing and most
powerful tool for data analysis and visualization in the Business Intelligence industry. Simply put, Tableau
transforms raw tabular data into easy-to-follow and digestible formats like images and charts.

Here are some key features of Tableau:

Data Connection: Tableau can connect to a wide range of data sources, including databases, spreadsheets, cloud
services, and more. It supports both structured and unstructured data.

Data Preparation: Tableau provides data preparation capabilities, allowing you to clean, transform, and shape
your data for analysis. This includes data filtering, aggregation, pivoting, and merging.

Visualization: One of Tableau's primary strengths is its ability to create interactive and visually appealing
visualizations. It offers a drag-and-drop interface, making it easy to build charts, graphs, maps, and other visual
elements.

Dashboards and Stories: Tableau enables you to combine multiple visualizations into interactive dashboards.
Dashboards provide a consolidated view of key metrics and allow users to explore data dynamically. Stories
allow you to create a narrative by sequencing visualizations, guiding the audience through a data-driven story.

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Calculations and Expressions: Tableau allows you to create calculated fields and custom expressions to perform
complex calculations, aggregations, and transformations on your data. These calculations can be used to create
new variables, apply business logic, or perform statistical calculations.

Parameters: Parameters in Tableau are dynamic values that allow users to interact with the visualizations. They
can be used to change filters, dimensions, and measures dynamically, providing a more interactive experience.

Integration and Extensibility: Tableau integrates with various data sources, including popular databases, cloud
platforms, and big data systems. It also offers APIs and SDKs, allowing developers to extend Tableau's
functionality or embed visualizations within other applications.

Tableau has gained popularity for its user-friendly interface, powerful data visualization capabilities, and the
ability to handle large and diverse datasets. It is widely used in various industries, including finance, marketing,
healthcare, and education, to explore data, identify patterns, and communicate insights effectively.

b. Advantages of Tableau
Here is some advantages of Tableau: Firstly, high performance. Users rate Tableau’s overall performance as
strong and secure. It can handle millions of rows of data with ease. The huge advantage of having Tableau is
different types of visualization can be created at one shot. Secondly, Mobile-friendly. There is an accomplished
mobile app available for IOS and Android which adds mobility to Tableau users and allows them to keep
statistics at their fingertips. The app supports practically that a desktop and online version has. Thirdly,
extensive customer resources. Tableau community is engaging and enthusiastic. It has various comprehensive
online resources, guides, training, and online forums, etc. The fourth is easy to upgrade. Tableau customers
are happy with using the latest release of the software because the upgrades are easy to be carried out. The next
is low cost. Tableau is relatively a low-cost solution compared to other big data counterparts such as Qlik and
Business Objects. Sixth, quality customer service. Tableau has user and developer community where the
queries are answered quickly. Finally, ease of use. It is easy to use since it is simple user interface software.
Also, it is simple to drag and drop interface which is very easy to learn.

c. Disadvantages of Tableau
Some disadvantages of Tableau:
- Poor Versioning: The main disadvantage of using Tableau is, only recent versions supports revision
history and for the older one's package rolling back is not possible.
- No Automatic Refreshing of Reports: You don’t get an automatic option to refresh your reports with
the help of scheduling. Therefore, some manual effort required to update the data in back-end.
- Need Manual Effort: Tableau’s parameters are inactive and only a single value can be selected using a
parameter. You need to update it manually whenever the data gets change.
- Not a Comprehensive Solution: Even if the Tableau Software is easy to use for BI application, still it
doesn’t provide any platform for developing analytic applications that can be widely shared. Also, it
doesn’t suit the business that has expanded deployments of broad business.
- No Version Control: Once the dashboards and reports are published on the server you can’t get back to
the previous levels of data in Tableau. It is not possible to go back and recover old data.

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 d. icCube

Figure 14: icCube

icCube is a powerful business intelligence (BI) and analytics platform that enables organizations to analyze,
visualize, and report on their data. It is known for its multidimensional cube capabilities, which make it suitable
for OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) and data warehouse scenarios. icCube is designed to provide a
flexible and scalable solution for handling large volumes of data and delivering actionable insights to users.
Key features of icCube include:

- Multidimensional Cubes: icCube allows you to create OLAP cubes that offer fast and efficient data
analysis, providing a multidimensional view of your data. This is particularly useful for complex data
analysis and aggregations.
- Data Integration: icCube can connect to various data sources, including relational databases,
spreadsheets, and cloud-based data sources, to gather and consolidate data for analysis.
- Reporting and Dashboards: The platform offers intuitive drag-and-drop interfaces for building
interactive dashboards and reports. Users can create custom visualizations and interactive charts to
explore data and gain valuable insights.
- Advanced Analytics: icCube supports advanced analytical functions like predictive modeling, data
mining, and statistical analysis. This allows data scientists and analysts to perform in-depth data
exploration and discover hidden patterns.
- Data Security: icCube provides robust data security features, including role-based access controls and
data encryption, ensuring that sensitive data is protected and only accessible to authorized users.

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 - Scalability: The platform is designed to handle large datasets and can scale to accommodate the growing
needs of an organization as its data requirements increase.
- White Labeling: icCube allows organizations to customize the BI platform with their branding, making
it seamless to integrate into existing applications or present as a standalone product.

e. Google Chart

Figure 15: Google Chart

Google Charts is a web-based data visualization library developed by Google that allows developers to create
interactive and customizable charts and graphs to represent data on web pages. It provides a variety of chart
types, such as line charts, bar charts, pie charts, area charts, and more, to help users visualize data and
communicate insights effectively.

Key features of Google Charts include:

- Rich Chart Types: Google Charts supports a wide range of chart types, allowing developers to choose
the most appropriate chart for their specific data visualization needs. This includes basic charts like line
and bar charts, as well as more complex charts like bubble charts, scatter plots, and geographic maps.
- Customization: Users can customize various aspects of the charts, including colors, labels, legends, axis
scales, and tooltips, to match the visual style and branding of their website or application.
- Interactive: Google Charts provide interactive features, allowing users to interact with the charts by
hovering over data points to view details or clicking on elements to drill down into the data.
- Dynamic Data: The charts can be updated dynamically, allowing real-time data to be reflected in the
visualizations without requiring page reloads. This is particularly useful for applications that display

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 live data or receive frequent updates.
- Scalable: Google Charts is designed to handle large datasets and scale well across different screen sizes
and devices, ensuring a consistent and smooth user experience.
- Easy Integration: Implementation is relatively straightforward, as Google Charts use a simple
JavaScript API that can be embedded directly into HTML pages. Developers need to include the
necessary script tags and provide data in the desired format to create the charts.
- Free and Open Source: Google Charts is free to use and is based on open-source technologies, making
it accessible to developers without any licensing costs.

f. Advantages of Google Chart

Advantages of Google Charts:
- Ease of Use: Google Charts offer a straightforward JavaScript API, making it easy for developers to
integrate and create interactive charts with minimal effort.
- Wide Range of Chart Types: It provides a diverse set of chart types, allowing users to pick the most
suitable visualization for their data, whether it's simple line charts or more complex geo-maps.
- Customization: The library offers a good level of customization, allowing developers to tailor the
appearance of charts to match their application's branding and design.
- Interactive Features: Google Charts allow users to interact with the charts, providing a more engaging
and dynamic user experience.
- Scalability: The library can handle large datasets and works well on various devices and screen sizes,
providing a responsive user experience.
- Community and Support: Being developed by Google, Google Charts have an active community and
good documentation, making it easier to find solutions to common issues.
- Free and Open Source: Google Charts are free to use and based on open-source technologies, making
it accessible to a wide range of developers without any licensing costs.
g. Disadvantages of Google Chart
Disadvantages of Google Charts:
- Limited Customization Control: While Google Charts offer some customization options, it might not
meet the specific design requirements of every application. Advanced customization may require
working around the limitations of the library.
- Dependency on Internet Connection: As Google Charts is a web-based library, it requires an internet
connection to access the necessary scripts. This can be a concern in certain environments with restricted
internet access.
- Updates and Changes: With any library, updates and changes can occur, which might affect existing
implementations or require developers to adapt their code to the latest version.
- Limited Offline Support: As Google Charts are typically loaded from external sources, offline
availability might be limited unless developers use caching or other techniques to store the required
scripts locally.
- Data Security: Since Google Charts require data to be sent to Google's servers for processing, some
organizations may have concerns about data privacy and security.

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In conclusion, Google Charts is a powerful and accessible tool for creating interactive data visualizations on
the web. It is well-suited for developers looking for a quick and easy way to implement various chart types.
However, it's essential to weigh the pros and cons against the specific requirements and constraints of your
project to determine if Google Charts is the right choice for your needs.

h. Predictive analytics tool

At this part of the report, I'll list some well-known predictive analytics tools:

IBM SPSS Modeler

Figure 16: IBM SPSS Modeler

IBM SPSS Modeler is a comprehensive predictive analytics platform that allows users to build and deploy
predictive models using a visual interface. It supports data preparation, data mining, and machine learning
techniques.

Pros:
- User-friendly visual interface for building predictive models.
- Comprehensive toolset for data preparation, data mining, and machine learning.
- Good integration with other IBM SPSS products and the IBM ecosystem.

Cons:
- Can be expensive for small organizations or individual users.
- Steeper learning curve for advanced features and customization.

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 RapidMiner

Figure 17: RapidMiner

RapidMiner is an open-source data science platform that offers advanced analytics, including predictive
modeling, machine learning, and text mining. It provides a visual workflow interface for building and
deploying predictive models.

Pros:
- Open-source, so it's accessible to users with limited budgets.
- Extensive library of pre-built operators and extensions
- Scalable for enterprise-level applications.

Cons:
- Limited support for large datasets compared to commercial tools.
- Advanced functionalities may require knowledge of coding and scripting.

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 Microsoft Azure Machine Learning Studio

Figure 18: Microsoft Azure Machine Learning Studio

Part of the Microsoft Azure cloud ecosystem, Azure Machine Learning Studio enables users to build, deploy,
and manage machine learning models using drag-and-drop modules.

Pros:
- Cloud-based platform with seamless integration into the Microsoft Azure ecosystem.
- Drag-and-drop interface for building models without extensive coding knowledge.
- Good for scaling models using cloud resources.

Cons:
- Limited to the Azure environment, which may not suit all organizations.
- May require some level of familiarity with Azure services.

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 Python (with libraries like scikit-learn and TensorFlow)

Figure 19: Python

Python is a popular programming language for data science, and it has numerous libraries like scikit-learn (for
machine learning) and TensorFlow (for deep learning) that facilitate predictive analytics tasks.

Pros:
- Open-source and widely used in the data science community.
- Extensive libraries and frameworks for machine learning and deep learning.
- Highly flexible and customizable.

Cons:
- Requires coding skills, making it less approachable for non-technical users.
- Some algorithms might require optimization for large-scale datasets.

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 R Language

Figure 20: R Language

R is another widely used programming language for statistical computing and graphics. It has a vast ecosystem
of packages for predictive modeling and data analysis.

Pros:
- Rich collection of statistical and machine learning packages.
- Active community with regular updates and improvements.
- Great for statistical analysis and data visualization.

Cons:
- Steeper learning curve for users with no prior programming experience.
- Memory management can be a challenge for large datasets.

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 i. Multi – Cloud strategy

Figure 21: Multi - Cloud strategy

A multi-cloud strategy refers to an approach where an organization uses more than one cloud service provider
to meet its cloud computing needs. Instead of relying on a single cloud provider, a multi-cloud strategy
distributes workloads and resources across multiple cloud platforms.

Benefits of a Multi-Cloud Strategy:

- Reduced Vendor Lock-in: By using multiple cloud providers, organizations can avoid vendor lock-in,
where they become heavily dependent on a single provider's services and technologies. This flexibility
allows them to switch between providers if necessary, which can lead to better negotiation leverage and
more competitive pricing.
- Improved Reliability and Redundancy: Multi-cloud setups can enhance reliability and redundancy. If
one cloud provider experiences an outage or downtime, workloads and services can quickly switch to
another provider, minimizing disruptions and ensuring continuous operations.
- Optimized Performance and Latency: Different cloud providers may have data centers in various
geographic regions. Organizations can strategically place their resources closer to end-users or specific
markets, reducing latency and improving performance for users in different locations.
- Best-of-Breed Services: Different cloud providers excel in various services and technologies. With a
multi-cloud approach, organizations can choose the best-of-breed services from different providers,
tailoring their solutions to specific requirements and needs.
- Data Sovereignty and Compliance: Some organizations may have data sovereignty and compliance
requirements that dictate where their data must be stored. A multi-cloud strategy allows them to select
specific providers based on their geographical presence and compliance standards.

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 - Cost Optimization: Multi-cloud strategies can offer cost advantages by allowing organizations to take
advantage of cost-effective pricing models from different providers and avoid potential price hikes from
a single provider.

Considerations and Challenges:

- Complexity and Management: Managing multiple cloud providers can add complexity to an
organization's IT infrastructure. IT teams need to be well-versed in different cloud platforms and have
appropriate monitoring and management tools to handle diverse environments.
- Interoperability and Integration: Ensuring seamless integration and interoperability between various
cloud platforms and services can be challenging. Standardizing interfaces and data formats can help
streamline operations.
- Security and Compliance: Security becomes more complex with a multi-cloud approach, as each
provider may have different security protocols and measures. Ensuring consistent security practices and
compliance across multiple clouds is essential.
- Data Transfer and Latency: Transferring data between different cloud providers can incur costs and
introduce potential latency. Organizations need to consider data transfer charges and optimize data
placement for optimal performance.
- Cost Management: While a multi-cloud approach can offer cost benefits, it can also lead to cost
management challenges. Careful monitoring and optimization of resources are necessary to prevent
unexpected expenses.
- Vendor Management and Relationships: Working with multiple cloud providers means managing
relationships with each of them. Effective communication and vendor management become critical to
resolving issues and ensuring service levels are met.

In conclusion, a multi-cloud strategy can provide organizations with increased flexibility, redundancy, and the
ability to leverage various cloud providers' strengths. However, it also introduces additional complexities and
challenges that need to be carefully managed to reap the full benefits of the approach. Before adopting a multi-
cloud strategy, organizations should conduct a thorough assessment of their requirements, evaluate the
capabilities of different cloud providers, and develop a well-defined governance and management plan to
successfully implement and maintain the multi-cloud environment.

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 3.2.Techniques associated with Business Intelligence
a. OLAP (Online Analytical Processing)
Online analytical processing (OLAP) is a software technology you can use to analyze business data from
different points of view. Organizations collect and store data from multiple data sources, such as websites,
applications, smart meters, and internal systems. OLAP combines and groups this data into categories to
provide actionable insights for strategic planning.

Figure 22: OLAP

Why is OLAP important?

Online analytical processing (OLAP) helps organizations process and benefit from a growing amount of digital
information. Some benefits of OLAP include the following.

Faster decision making: Businesses use OLAP to make quick and accurate decisions to remain competitive in
a fast-paced economy. Performing analytical queries on multiple relational databases is time consuming
because the computer system searches through multiple data tables. On the other hand, OLAP systems
precalculate and integrate data so business analysts can generate reports faster when needed.

Non-technical user support: OLAP systems make complex data analysis easier for non-technical business
users. Business users can create complex analytical calculations and generate reports instead of learning how
to operate databases.

29
Integrated data view: OLAP provides a unified platform for marketing, finance, production, and other business
units. Managers and decision makers can see the bigger picture and effectively solve problems. They can
perform what-if analysis, which shows the impact of decisions taken by one department on other areas of the
business.

b. Data Mining
❖ Definition
Data mining along with Data science are the two most commonly used technology fields today. With the ability
to gather and organize large amounts of data to give the most accurate analysis.

The data mining process of Data mining takes place with advanced computational technology that is not only
limited to data extraction but is also used for transformation, cleaning, data integration, and pattern analysis.
Some current applications of Data mining:
- Apply to the analysis of market and stock data.
- Fraud detection.
- Analyze business from there to manage risks.

❖ Data Mining Tools

RapidMiner

Figure 23: RapidMiner

The first tool to mention is RapidMiner. This is quite popular data mining tool today. Written on the JAVA
platform but requires no coding to operate. In addition, it also provides various data mining functions such as
data preprocessing, data representation, filtering, clustering, etc.

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Knime

Figure 24: Knime

With extremely powerful operability that integrates various components of machine learning and data mining
to provide one platform. KNime greatly assists users in data processing and analysis, data extraction,
transformation and loading.

31
Weka

Figure 25: Weka

The tool launched at the University of Wichita is an open source data mining software. Similar to RapidMiner,
this tool requires no coding and uses a simple GUI. Using Weka, users can call machine learning algorithms
directly or import them using Java code. Weka is equipped with a variety of functions such as visualization,
preprocessing, classification, clustering,...

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Apache Mahout

Figure 26: Apache Mahout

From the Big Data Hadoop foundation, came Apache Mahout with the aim of addressing the growing need for
data mining and analytics in Hadoop. It is equipped with various machine learning functions such as
classification, regression, clustering, etc.

33
Orange

Figure 27: Orange

The tool is programmed in Python with an intuitive interface and easy interaction. Orange software is known
for integrating simple, intelligent machine learning and data mining tools. Through the article, we have come
together to learn and analyze to clarify what is the concept of Data mining? and its applications to data mining
tools. This is really a very important and helpful area in data analysis and processing that we should learn and
apply.

34
 c. Sisense

Figure 28: Sisense

Sisense is an analytics business intelligence platform that enables you to build analytics apps that deliver highly
interactive user experiences. The business intelligence and dashboard reporting software allows you to access
and combine data in a few clicks. You can connect to structured and unstructured data sources, join tables from
multiple sources with minimal scripting and coding, and create interactive web dashboards and reports. In this
article, you learn how to set up Azure Data Explorer as a data source for Sisense, and visualize data from a
sample cluster.

35
 d. Microsoft BI platform

Microsoft Power Platform is comprised of four key products: Power Apps, Power Automate, Power BI, and
Power Virtual Agents.

Figure 29: Microsoft BI platform

Power Apps provides a rapid low code development environment for building custom apps for business needs.
It has services, connectors, and a scalable data service and app platform (Microsoft Dataverse) to allow simple
integration and interaction with existing data. Power Apps enables the creation of web and mobile applications
that run on all devices.

Power Automate allows users to create automated workflows between apps and services. It helps to automate
repetitive business processes such as communication, data collection, and decision approval.

Power BI (Business Intelligence) is a business analytics service that provides insights for data analysis. It can
share insights through data visualizations that generate reports and dashboards that enable businesses to make
quick, informed decisions. Power BI scales within an organization, with integrated governance and security
allowing businesses to focus on using data rather than managing it.

Power Virtual Agents allows anyone to create powerful chatbots using a guided, code-free graphical interface
without the need for data scientists or developers.

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 e. SAP Business Intelligence
SAP Business Intelligence solutions can be divided into two main groups. The first is data warehouse systems,
whose primary task is to integrate data from various sources, their storage, and transformation (SAP
Datasphere, SAP BW/4HANA, or SAP HANA).

Figure 30: SAP BI

SAP BI courses demonstrate the keys to increasing the flexibility and gradation of important business
processes, including the progress and administration of SAP Business Objects (BO). They teach aspirants to
simplify the search capabilities of various business tools. There are a number of unified courses available in
SAP BI, as explained below:

SAP Business Objects BI Solution: It includes ‘overview and integration’ sessions that provide an
introduction to BI solutions with respect to business objects and warehouse data handling. This short session
is accompanied by ‘Delta and Early Product Training’ modules that include comprehensive e-learning classes
for the various versions of the software, along with other BI tools.

Administration - BI Solutions: This course is equipped with keys for the administrative and security
departments. It covers the processes of designing and deploying security tools and SAP migration objects alike.

Business Intelligence - Dashboard: This course comprises of short sessions dealing with the dashboard of
Business Intelligence Objects.

Business Intelligence - SAP Business Objects Explorer: It encompasses the operations and tools of different
data warehousing tools that reduce the concerns of IT backlog; thereby providing easy data accessibility for
one and all.

Business Intelligence - Crystal Reports: By pursuing this course, aspirants can design reports with
fundamental/ advanced BI knowledge and can optimize data reports and report processing strategies
effectively.

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Business Intelligence - Web Intelligence: All BI processes - from reports to user interface designs - can be
deployed with the help of this course.

Business Intelligence - Analysis and Design Studio: Various versions of Microsoft Office and the analysis
of whole process are referred to in this course.

Predictive Analytics: This helps in gaining an analytical insight of BI tools.

f. Self-Service reporting

Figure 31: Self - Serve reporting

Self-service reporting is a type of business intelligence that allows everyday users to access and analyze data
without relying on IT or other technical resources. It empowers non-technical users to answer their own data
questions, find insights, create data visualizations, and turn that all into customized reports that meet their
specific needs.

Unlike traditional reporting, which can take days to deliver insights, self service reporting dramatically reduces
the time and energy required to produce a report.By having up-to-date information at their fingertips,
companies can make more informed decisions, avoid unnecessary risk, and be better equipped to tackle various
challenges. Additionally, organizations can reduce operational costs by eliminating the need for manual data
entry and analysis, while freeing up data teams from being report factories to tackle more strategic, impactful
work like building data pipelines and implementing a modern data stack.

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 g. Data visualization

Figure 32: Data visualization

Data visualization is the representation of information and data using charts, graphs, maps, and other visual
tools. These visualizations allow us to easily understand any patterns, trends, or outliers in a data set. Data
visualization also presents data to the general public or specific audiences without technical knowledge in an
accessible manner. For example, the health agency in a government might provide a map of vaccinated regions.
The purpose of data visualization is to help drive informed decision-making and to add colorful meaning to an
otherwise bland database.

Benefits of data visualization:

- Data visualization can be used in many contexts in nearly every field, like public policy, finance,
marketing, retail, education, sports, history, and more. Here are the benefits of data visualization:
- Storytelling: People are drawn to colors and patterns in clothing, arts and culture, architecture, and
more. Data is no different—colors and patterns allow us to visualize the story within the data.
- Accessibility: Information is shared in an accessible, easy-to-understand manner for a variety of
audiences.
- Visualize relationships: It’s easier to spot the relationships and patterns within a data set when the
information is presented in a graph or chart.
- Exploration: More accessible data means more opportunities to explore, collaborate, and inform
actionable decisions.

39
Here are some common types of data visualizations:
- Table: A table is data displayed in rows and columns, which can be easily created in a Word document
or Excel spreadsheet.
- Chart or graph: Information is presented in tabular form with data displayed along an x and y axis,
usually with bars, points, or lines, to represent data in comparison. An infographic is a special type of
chart that combines visuals and words to illustrate the data.
- Gantt chart: A Gantt chart is a bar chart that portrays a timeline and tasks specifically used in project
management.
- Pie chart: A pie chart divides data into percentages featured in “slices” of a pie, all adding up to 100%.
- Geospatial visualization: Data is depicted in map form with shapes and colors that illustrate the
relationship between specific locations, such as a choropleth or heat map.
- Dashboard: Data and visualizations are displayed, usually for business purposes, to help analysts
understand and present data.

Using data visualization tools, different types of charts and graphs can be created to illustrate important data.
These are a few examples of data visualization in the real world:
- Data science: Data scientists and researchers have access to libraries using programming languages or
tools such as Python or R, which they use to understand and identify patterns in data sets. Tools help
these data professionals work more efficiently by coding research with colors, plots, lines, and shapes.
- Marketing: Tracking data such as web traffic and social media analytics can help marketers analyze
how customers find their products and whether they are early adopters or more of a laggard buyer.
Charts and graphs can synthesize data for marketers and stakeholders to better understand these trends.
- Finance: Investors and advisors focused on buying and selling stocks, bonds, dividends, and other
commodities will analyze the movement of prices over time to determine which are worth purchasing
for short- or long-term periods. Line graphs help financial analysts visualize this data, toggling between
months, years, and even decades.
- Health policy: Policymakers can use choropleth maps, which are divided by geographical area (nations,
states, continents) by colors. They can, for example, use these maps to demonstrate the mortality rates
of cancer or ebola in different parts of the world.

40
 C. DESIGN A BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE TOOL, APPLICATION OR INTERFACE THAT
CAN PERFORM A SPECIFIC TASK TO SUPPORT PROBLEM-SOLVING OR DECISION-
MAKING AT AN ADVANCED LEVEL
1. Data processing
1.1. Definition
Data processing is the manipulation and transformation of raw data into meaningful and useful information. It
involves various techniques and steps to clean, organize, analyze, and present data in a format that allows for
easy interpretation and decision-making. Data processing is a crucial part of the data lifecycle and is essential
for extracting valuable insights from large and complex datasets.

The process typically includes the following steps:

Step 1 - Data Collection: The first step is to gather data from various sources, which can include databases,
sensors, files, APIs, web scraping, surveys, or other data generation methods.

Step 2 - Data Cleaning: Once the data is collected, it often requires cleaning to handle missing values, remove
duplicates, correct errors, and ensure data integrity. Data cleaning is essential to ensure the accuracy and
reliability of the analysis.

Step 3 - Data Integration: In some cases, data may come from different sources and in various formats. Data
integration involves combining data from multiple sources into a unified and coherent dataset.

Step 4 - Data Transformation: Data might need to be transformed into a suitable format for analysis. This can
involve normalization, scaling, or converting data types to make it consistent and comparable.

Step 5 - Data Aggregation: Aggregation involves summarizing data into a more compact form, often for easier
analysis. It might involve calculating averages, sums, counts, or other statistical measures.

Step 6 - Data Analysis: Once the data is processed and prepared, various analytical techniques can be applied
to gain insights and patterns from the data. This step often involves using statistical methods, machine learning
algorithms, or other data mining techniques.

Step 7 - Data Visualization: Data visualization is the graphical representation of data to make it easier to
understand and interpret patterns and trends. Visualizations like charts, graphs, and maps are commonly used
to present data.

Step 8 - Data Interpretation: The final step is to interpret the processed data, draw conclusions, and make
informed decisions based on the insights gained from the analysis.

Data processing is an iterative process, and different techniques and tools are used depending on the nature of
the data and the goals of the analysis. The goal is to turn raw data into actionable knowledge, which can be
used to optimize business processes, identify opportunities, solve problems, or improve decision-making.
Efficient and accurate data processing is essential for ensuring the success of data-driven initiatives and
obtaining meaningful and valuable insights from data.

41
 1.2. Type of Data processing
Data processing can be categorized into several types, depending on the nature of the operations performed on
the data and the specific goals of the processing. Here are some common types of data processing:

Batch Processing
Batch processing involves processing data in predefined batches or groups. Data is collected over a period,
stored, and then processed as a batch at a scheduled time. This type of processing is common for handling large
volumes of data efficiently and is often used in tasks like end-of-day financial calculations or generating
monthly reports.

Pros:
- Efficient processing of large volumes of data at scheduled intervals.
- Simplicity in implementation and automation.
- Suitable for tasks that don't require real-time responses.

Cons:
- Delayed processing, which may not be suitable for time-sensitive applications.
- Inefficient for handling real-time data streams or continuous data updates.

Real-time Processing
Real-time processing, also known as online or stream processing, involves handling data as it arrives or in real-
time. The data is processed immediately as it is generated, allowing for instant analysis and quick responses.
Real-time processing is essential for applications that require immediate actions based on incoming data, such
as fraud detection, real-time monitoring, and IoT (Internet of Things) applications.

Pros:
- Immediate processing and analysis of incoming data.
- Quick responses and actions based on real-time insights.
- Well-suited for time-critical applications and real-time monitoring.

Cons:
- Higher complexity in implementation compared to batch processing.
- Resource-intensive as it requires processing data as it arrives.

Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)

OLTP is a type of data processing used for managing transactional data in databases. It involves processing
individual transactions, such as adding or updating records in a database, in real-time. OLTP systems are
typically used in applications like e-commerce, banking, and inventory management.

Pros:
- Supports concurrent transactions from multiple users.
- Ensures data consistency and integrity in real-time.

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 - Widely used in applications requiring immediate transaction processing.

Cons:
- May not be optimized for complex analytical queries and reporting.
- Performance can be impacted during high transaction volumes.

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

OLAP is a type of data processing used for complex data analysis and decision support. OLAP systems allow
users to query and analyze data from multiple dimensions, enabling them to gain insights and perform ad-hoc
analysis easily. OLAP is commonly used in business intelligence and reporting applications.

Pros:
- Allows users to perform complex ad-hoc analysis and gain insights.
- Efficient for multidimensional querying and reporting.
- Enables decision-makers to access real-time business intelligence.

Cons:
- May not handle high transaction volumes as efficiently as OLTP systems.
- Requires a well-designed data warehouse and OLAP cubes.

Data Mining
Data mining is the process of discovering patterns, trends, or insights from large datasets using various
statistical and machine learning techniques. It aims to extract valuable information that was previously
unknown or not explicitly expressed in the data.

Pros:
- Helps uncover hidden patterns and insights from large datasets.
- Identifies valuable trends and associations in the data.
- Enables organizations to make data-driven decisions.

Cons:
- Can be computationally intensive for large datasets.
- Requires expertise in statistics and machine learning.

Each type of data processing serves specific purposes and is essential in various domains, including business,
finance, healthcare, research, and more. Organizations may utilize multiple types of data processing techniques
to handle their data efficiently and gain meaningful insights from it.

43
 1.3. Advantages of Data processing
Data processing plays a crucial role in converting raw data into meaningful and actionable information. It offers
numerous advantages that are essential for decision-making, problem-solving, and overall business success.
Here are some of the key advantages of data processing:
- Data Organization: Data processing organizes raw data into a structured format, making it easier to
store, manage, and retrieve when needed. Well-organized data enables efficient data access and
analysis, reducing the time spent searching for relevant information.
- Data Accuracy and Quality: Through data cleaning and validation, data processing helps improve the
accuracy and quality of data. Removing errors, duplicates, and inconsistencies ensures that the data
used for analysis and decision-making is reliable and trustworthy.
- Efficient Analysis: Processed data allows for more efficient data analysis. With organized and cleaned
data, analysts can quickly identify trends, patterns, and insights, leading to faster and more informed
decision-making.
- Real-time Insights: Real-time data processing allows for immediate analysis of incoming data. This is
particularly valuable in applications where real-time responses are crucial, such as fraud detection,
monitoring systems, and online customer support.
- Cost Savings: Improved data accuracy and quality can lead to cost savings by reducing errors,
minimizing the need for rework, and avoiding costly mistakes based on faulty data.
- Automation: Data processing can be automated, reducing manual efforts and increasing productivity.
Automated data processing pipelines can handle repetitive tasks, freeing up human resources for more
strategic activities.
- Better Decision-Making: By transforming data into valuable insights, data processing supports better
decision-making across all levels of an organization. Informed decisions lead to improved strategies,
enhanced efficiency, and a competitive advantage.

To sum up, data processing is an indispensable step in the data lifecycle. Its advantages extend beyond just
data organization; it empowers organizations to gain valuable insights, make data-driven decisions, and achieve
business objectives effectively and efficiently. With the growing importance of data in today's world, data
processing continues to play a pivotal role in driving innovation and success across industries.

44
 1.4. Disadvantages of Data processing
While data processing offers numerous advantages, there are also some potential disadvantages and challenges
associated with it. Here are some of the main disadvantages of data processing:
- Data Privacy and Security Concerns: Data processing involves handling sensitive and valuable
information, making data privacy and security a major concern. Mishandling or unauthorized access to
data can lead to data breaches, privacy violations, and reputational damage for organizations.
- Data Bias and Quality Issues: Data processing heavily relies on the quality of input data. If the data
used for processing is biased, incomplete, or inaccurate, it can lead to biased insights and flawed
decision-making. Ensuring data quality and addressing biases can be challenging.
- Data Loss or Corruption: During data processing, there is a risk of data loss or corruption if not handled
properly. Data backups and redundancy measures are essential to mitigate these risks.
- Data Processing Errors: Human errors or software bugs during data processing can lead to incorrect
outcomes. Proper validation and testing procedures are necessary to identify and rectify such errors.
- Data Processing Bottlenecks: In complex data processing pipelines, bottlenecks can occur when certain
processing steps take longer than others. Identifying and optimizing these bottlenecks is essential to
improve overall processing efficiency.
- Lack of Expertise: Effective data processing requires skilled data professionals who understand data
manipulation, analysis, and interpretation. A shortage of skilled data analysts or data scientists can
hinder the data processing capabilities of an organization.

Despite these disadvantages, data processing remains a critical component of modern business operations.
Organizations need to be aware of these challenges and take appropriate measures to address them, ensuring
that data processing is carried out responsibly, securely, and in a manner that maximizes the benefits while
minimizing risks.

45
 2. Show and explain data
For a company that sells electronics like us, we always strive to bring the best devices and experiences to
our users. However, in recent times, we have sold some products with some minor technical problems. In
order to protect the interests and experience of our customers, we have conducted a recall of these products.
Below is a dataset on the products that we are recalling. But some problems happened with this data sheet.
In the process of extracting and importing data, this data table has an extra column of Discount Price, a
column of Brand is missing. Therefore, we will proceed with the editing using Python.

Figure 33: Dataset

46
Explain dataset

The dataset represents a website that sells electronic devices. It is organized into a table format with various
columns providing specific information about each electronic device available on the website.

- Product ID: A unique identifier for each product. This ID helps distinguish one product from another
in the dataset.
- Product Name: The name or model of the electronic device being sold on the website. Examples include
smartphones, laptops, smart TVs, wireless earbuds, gaming consoles, and more.
- Description: A brief description of the electronic device, highlighting its key features or specifications.
This helps potential customers understand what the product offers.
- Price: The original price of the electronic device before any discounts or promotions. The price is
usually represented in currency format (e.g., $699).
- Discounted Price: Some products have discounted prices as part of promotions or special offers. If there
is a discount, the reduced price will be listed here; otherwise, the column will be left empty.
- Category: The category to which the product belongs. Electronic devices are grouped into categories
like smartphones, laptops, smart TVs, audio devices, gaming equipment, tablets, cameras, wearables,
smart home devices, and accessories.
- Availability: Indicates whether the product is currently in stock or out of stock. If the product is
available for purchase, it will be marked as "In Stock"; otherwise, it will be marked as "Out of Stock."

47
 3. Python
3.1. Features and benefits of Python
Python is a versatile and widely-used programming language that offers a range of features and benefits,
making it popular among developers for various applications. Here are some of the key features and benefits
of Python:

Features
- Simple and Easy to Learn: Python's syntax is clear, readable, and straightforward, making it easy for
beginners to learn and write code quickly.
- Expressive Language: Python allows developers to express concepts in fewer lines of code compared
to many other programming languages. This feature enhances code readability and maintainability.
- Interpreted Language: Python is an interpreted language, which means that the code is executed line-
by-line, enabling faster development and testing cycles.
- Large Standard Library: Python comes with a comprehensive standard library that includes various
modules and functions for tasks like file I/O, networking, web services, regular expressions, and more,
saving developers time and effort.
- Dynamic Typing: Python uses dynamic typing, which means you don't need to declare the data type of
a variable explicitly. The interpreter determines the data type at runtime.
- Cross-platform Compatibility: Python code can run on multiple platforms, such as Windows, macOS,
Linux, etc., without any modifications, as long as the required dependencies are available.
- Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): Python supports OOP principles, allowing developers to create
and use classes and objects, making code organization and maintenance easier.

Benefits
- Versatility: Python is used across various domains, including web development, data analysis, machine
learning, artificial intelligence, scripting, automation, scientific computing, and more.
- Readability: Python's clear and readable syntax reduces the chances of syntax errors and makes it easier
for developers to collaborate on projects.
- Productivity and Rapid Development: Python's simplicity and extensive standard library enable
developers to build applications more quickly and efficiently.
- Scalability: Python is suitable for both small-scale and large-scale projects, and it can be integrated with
other programming languages easily.
- Community Support: Python has a large and active community that provides support, shares
knowledge, and continuously improves the language and its ecosystem.
- Popular Frameworks: Python has popular frameworks like Django for web development, Flask for
lightweight web applications, Pandas for data manipulation, NumPy and SciPy for scientific computing,
and TensorFlow and PyTorch for machine learning and AI, among others.
- Job Market and Career Opportunities: Python is widely used in the industry, leading to abundant job
opportunities for Python developers and data scientists.

48
3.2. Use BI

Figure 34: Python

49
 4. Tableau

This is the Dashboard we designed. It includes the tables that I will cover below.

Figure 35: Dashboard

50
 Figure 36: Tableau 1
In the first design, a column chart is used to display data in a visual way instead of rows and columns. In the
chart there is information about Product ID, Product name and Category. And the items are separated with
different colors and with clear captions that make them easy to see, recognize and distinguish. It is useful when
all the data is combined and displayed as a bar chart so that it can be examined at the same time.

51
 Figure 38: Tableau 2

Figure 37: Tableau 3

In the next design, the column chart is used to display the data about the product name and product price.
Similar to the first design, the items in the chart have been displayed in different colors and have clear captions
that make them easy to see, recognize and distinguish. It is useful when all data is combined and displayed as
a bar chart so that it can be examined at the same time.

52
 5. Google form

Figure 39: Google form 1

In the first survey question with 15 participants, 40% of respondents said that they are very satisfied with the
charts and reports given by BI tools because when they look at the graphs, they can see the data is very intuitive,
easy to understand and easy to evaluate and make comments. There are 10% of people feel normal and 10% of
people feel dissatisfied with the charts, this report because they find these charts very normal and they often
encounter in life.

53
Figure 40: Google form 2

54
 Figure 41: Google form 3

Through the survey, 70% of people can find the answer through the graph, 60% fast and 10% very fast. And
through your contributions, there is nothing for people to comment on and the majority of people recommend
that they have and will continue to use BI tools.

55
 D. CONCLUSION
In this second report, we demonstrated to management the ability to apply business intelligence in the
company's current business processes. This report has provided information including the following sections:
Explain the general concept of what BI is, Introduce some tools/techniques for BI and their application in
general, give the dataset extracted from the company's business processes and explain the dataset. Show how
we preprocess the data for later analysis, explaining each step and its purpose. Design dashboards to show your
analysis on preprocessed data. Clearly explain the purpose of dashboards and charts. Suggestions should be
made after analysis. Additionally, during the demonstration, we also collected feedback and comments from
users to review how well our dashboard design meets user or business requirements and what customizations
are needed for future use.

56
 E. REFERENCES
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intelligence (Accessed: 26 July 2023).

Top 15 business intelligence tools (BI Tools), Mopinion. Available at: https://mopinion.com/business-
intelligence-bi-tools-overview/ (Accessed: 26 July 2023).

Adair, B. (2023) Business intelligence systems: Types of BI tools in 2023, SelectHub raquo. Available at:
https://www.selecthub.com/business-intelligence/key-types-business-intelligence-tools/ (Accessed: 26 July
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Trần, P. (2021) Business intelligence (BI) LÀ GÌ? Vai trò Của Bi Trong Doanh Nghiệp, TopDev. Available
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5 business intelligence tools you need to know (no date a) Coursera. Available at:
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Adair, B. (2023) Business intelligence systems: Types of BI tools in 2023, SelectHub raquo. Available at:
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Business Intelligence and Analytics Software (no date) Tableau. Available at: https://www.tableau.com/
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Biscobing, J. (2020) What is OLAP (online analytical processing)?: Definition from TechTarget, Data
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Turn your data into immediate impact (no date) Data Visualisation | Microsoft Power BI. Available at:
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sericks007 (no date) Sử dụng power bi - power platform, Power Platform | Microsoft Learn. Available at:
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