Decision Support &

Business Intelligence
Systems

Lecturer: Assoc. Prof. Phạm Quốc Trung

School of Industrial Management, HCMUT
 Main Contents

1 Introduction to DSS, BI & Analytics

2 Descriptive Analytics

3 Predictive Analytics

4 Prescriptive Analytics

5 Future Trends

2
Descriptive Analytics I:
Nature of Data,
Statistical Modeling,
and Visualization
3
 Outline

•Descriptive Analytics I
•Nature of Data
•Statistical Modeling
•Visualization
4
 Three Types of Analytics

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 A Data to Knowledge Continuum

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 A Simple Taxonomy of Data

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Data Preprocessing Steps

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
An Analytics Approach to Predicting Student Attrition

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 A Graphical Depiction of the
Class Imbalance Problem

10

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Relationship between Statistics and
Descriptive Analytics

11

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Understanding the Specifics about
Box-and-Whiskers Plots

12

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Relationship between
Dispersion and Shape Properties.

13

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 A Scatter Plot and
a Linear Regression Line

14

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
A Process Flow for Developing Regression
Models.

15

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 The Logistic Function

16

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
Predicting NCAA Bowl Game Outcomes

17

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 A Sample Time Series of Data on
Quarterly Sales Volumes

18

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 The Role of Information Reporting in
Managerial Decision Making

19

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 A Taxonomy of Charts and Graphs

20

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
A Gapminder Chart That Shows the Wealth
and Health of Nations

21

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
Magic Quadrant for Business Intelligence
and Analytics Platforms

22

Source: https://www.tableau.com/reports/gartner
A Storyline Visualization in Tableau Software

23

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 An Overview of SAS
Visual Analytics Architecture

24

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
A Screenshot from SAS Visual Analytics

25

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 A Sample Executive Dashboard

26

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 igraph

27

http://igraph.org/redirect.html
 Gephi

28

https://gephi.org/
 Discovering,
Analyzing,
Visualizing and
Presenting Data
with Python
in Google Colab 29
 Google Colab

30

https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/welcome.ipynb
 The Quant Finance PyData Stack

31

Source: http://nbviewer.jupyter.org/format/slides/github/quantopian/pyfolio/blob/master/pyfolio/examples/overview_slides.ipynb#/5
 Python
matplotlib

32

Source: https://matplotlib.org/
Python
Pandas
33

http://pandas.pydata.org/
 Iris
setosa
flower data
versicolor
set
virginica

34
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_flower_data_set
Source: http://suruchifialoke.com/2016-10-13-machine-learning-tutorial-iris-classification/
Iris Classfication

35

Source: http://suruchifialoke.com/2016-10-13-machine-learning-tutorial-iris-classification/
 iris.data
https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/machine-learning-databases/iris/iris.data
5.1,3.5,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa setosa
4.9,3.0,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
4.7,3.2,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa
4.6,3.1,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
5.0,3.6,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
5.4,3.9,1.7,0.4,Iris-setosa
4.6,3.4,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa
5.0,3.4,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa
4.4,2.9,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa
4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa
5.4,3.7,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa virginica
4.8,3.4,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
4.8,3.0,1.4,0.1,Iris-setosa
4.3,3.0,1.1,0.1,Iris-setosa
5.8,4.0,1.2,0.2,Iris-setosa
5.7,4.4,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa
5.4,3.9,1.3,0.4,Iris-setosa
5.1,3.5,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa
5.7,3.8,1.7,0.3,Iris-setosa versicolor
5.1,3.8,1.5,0.3,Iris-setosa
5.4,3.4,1.7,0.2,Iris-setosa
5.1,3.7,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa
4.6,3.6,1.0,0.2,Iris-setosa
5.1,3.3,1.7,0.5,Iris-setosa 36
4.8,3.4,1.9,0.2,Iris-setosa
5.0,3.0,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa
Iris Data Visualization

37

Source: https://seaborn.pydata.org/generated/seaborn.pairplot.html
Connect Google Colab in Google Drive

38
Google Colab

39
Google Colab

40
Connect Colaboratory to Google Drive

41
Google Colab

42
Google Colab

43
Google Colab

44
Run Jupyter Notebook
Python3 GPU
Google Colab

45
Google Colab Python Hello World
print('Hello World')

46
Data Visualization in Google Colab

47

Source: https://seaborn.pydata.org/generated/seaborn.pairplot.html
import seaborn as sns
sns.set(style="ticks", color_codes=True)
iris = sns.load_dataset("iris")
g = sns.pairplot(iris, hue="species")

48

Source: https://seaborn.pydata.org/generated/seaborn.pairplot.html
 https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1KRqtEUd2Hg4dM2au9bfVQKrxWnW
import numpy as np
N3O9-
import pandas as pd
%matplotlib inline
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
from pandas.plotting import scatter_matrix

# Load dataset
url = "https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/machine-learning-databases/iris/iris.data"
names = ['sepal-length', 'sepal-width', 'petal-length', 'petal-width', 'class']
df = pd.read_csv(url, names=names)

print(df.head(10))
print(df.tail(10))
print(df.describe())
print(df.info())
print(df.shape)
print(df.groupby('class').size())

plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = (10,8)
df.plot(kind='box', subplots=True, layout=(2,2), sharex=False, sharey=False)
plt.show()

df.hist()
plt.show()

scatter_matrix(df)
plt.show()
49
sns.pairplot(df, hue="class", size=2)
Source: https://machinelearningmastery.com/machine-learning-in-python-step-by-step/
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
%matplotlib inline
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
from pandas.plotting import scatter_matrix

50
url = "https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/machine-learning-databases/iris/iris.data"
names = ['sepal-length', 'sepal-width', 'petal-length', 'petal-width', 'class']
df = pd.read_csv(url, names=names)
print(df.head(10))

51
df.tail(10)

52
df.describe()

53
print(df.info())
print(df.shape)

54
df.groupby('class').size()

55
plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = (10,8)
df.plot(kind='box', subplots=True, layout=(2,2), sharex=False, sharey=False)
plt.show()

56
df.hist()
plt.show()

57
scatter_matrix(df)
plt.show()

58
sns.pairplot(df, hue="class", size=2)

59
 Summary

•Descriptive Analytics I
•Nature of Data
•Statistical Modeling
•Visualization
60
Descriptive Analytics II:
Business Intelligence
and Data Warehousing

61
 Outline
• Descriptive Analytics II
• Business Intelligence
• Data Warehousing
• Data Integration and the Extraction, Transformation, and Load
(ETL) Processes
• Business Performance Management (BPM)
• Performance Measurement
• Balanced Scorecards
• Six Sigma

62
Relationship between Business Analytics and BI,
and BI and Data Warehousing

63

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 A List of Events That Led to
Data Warehousing Development

64

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Characteristics of Data Warehousing
• Subject oriented
• Data are organized by detailed subject, such as sales,
products, or customers, containing only information
relevant for decision support.
• Integrated
• Integration is closely related to subject orientation.
• Time variant (time series)
• A warehouse maintains historical data.
• Nonvolatile
• After data are entered into a data warehouse, users
cannot change or update the data. 65

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Data-Driven Decision Making—Business
Benefits of the
Data Warehouse

66

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 A Data Warehouse Framework and
Views

67

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Architecture of a
Three-Tier Data Warehouse

68

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Architecture of a
Two-Tier Data Warehouse

69

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Architecture of
Web-Based Data Warehousing

70

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 5 Alternative
Data Warehouse Architectures

a. Independent data marts.

b. Data mart bus architecture
c. Hub-and-spoke architecture
d. Centralized data warehouse
e. Federated data warehouse
71

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 5 Alternative
Data Warehouse Architectures

72

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 5 Alternative
Data Warehouse Architectures

73

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 5 Alternative
Data Warehouse Architectures

74

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Average Assessment Scores for the
Success of the DW Architectures

75

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 The ETL Process

76

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Sample List of
Data Warehousing Vendors

77

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Sample List of
Data Warehousing Vendors

78

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Contrasts between the DM and EDW
Development Approaches

79

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Essential Differences between
Inmon’s and Kimball’s Approaches

80

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Representation of Data in
Data Warehouse
(1) Star Schema (2) Snowflake Schema

81

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 A Comparison between
OLTP and OLAP

82

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Slicing Operations on a Simple
Three-Dimensional Data Cube

83

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
Business Performance Management (BPM)
Closed-Loop BPM Cycle

84

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
Business Performance Management (BPM)
Closed-Loop BPM Cycle

1. Strategize
• Where do we want to go?
2. Plan
• How do we get there?
3. Monitor/Analyze
• How are we doing?
4. Act and Adjust
• What do we need to do differently?

85

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Four Perspectives in
Balanced Scorecard Methodology

86

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Comparison of the
Balanced Scorecard and Six Sigma

87

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 Six Sigma
The DMAIC Performance Model
• Define
• Measure
• Analyze
• Improve
• Control
88

Source: Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, and Efraim Turban (2017), Business Intelligence, Analytics, and Data Science: A Managerial Perspective, 4th Edition, Pearson
 The Joy of Stats:
200 Countries, 200 Years, 4 Minutes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbkSRLYSojo

89
 Python Data Science Handbook
in Google Colab

90

https://colab.research.google.com/github/jakevdp/PythonDataScienceHandbook/blob/master/notebooks/Index.ipynb
 Summary
• Descriptive Analytics II
• Business Intelligence
• Data Warehousing
• Data Integration and the Extraction, Transformation, and Load
(ETL) Processes
• Business Performance Management (BPM)
• Performance Measurement
• Balanced Scorecards
• Six Sigma

91