SLOVENSKI STANDARD

SIST EN 1436:2018
01-marec-2018

1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1436:2007+A1:2009

0DWHULDOL]DR]QDþHYDQMHYR]LãþD/DVWQRVWLR]QDþELQSUHVNXVQHPHWRGH

Road marking materials - Road marking performance for road users and test methods

Straßenmarkierungsmaterialien - Anforderungen an Markierungen auf Straßen und

Messmethoden
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
(standards.iteh.ai)
Produits de marque routier - Performances des marquages appliqués sur la route

SIST EN 1436:2018
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1436:2018
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/708b9e5c-25da-4ab4-84fc-
94f54465073c/sist-en-1436-2018

ICS:
93.080.30 Cestna oprema in pomožne Road equipment and
naprave installations

SIST EN 1436:2018 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
 SIST EN 1436:2018

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

(standards.iteh.ai)
SIST EN 1436:2018
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/708b9e5c-25da-4ab4-84fc-
94f54465073c/sist-en-1436-2018
 SIST EN 1436:2018

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1436

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM January 2018

ICS 93.080.30 Supersedes EN 1436:2007+A1:2008

English Version

Road marking materials - Road marking performance for

road users and test methods
Produits de marque routier - Performances des Straßenmarkierungsmaterialien - Anforderungen an
marquages appliqués sur la route Markierungen auf Straßen und Messmethoden

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 October 2017.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards(standards.iteh.ai)

bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
SIST EN 1436:2018
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/708b9e5c-25da-4ab4-84fc-
94f54465073c/sist-en-1436-2018

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1436:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
 SIST EN 1436:2018

EN 1436:2018 (E)

Contents Page

European foreword....................................................................................................................................................... 4
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 6
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 7
2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 7
3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 7
4 Requirements ................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.1 General ................................................................................................................................................................ 8
4.2 Reflection in daylight or under road lighting ....................................................................................... 9
4.2.1 General ................................................................................................................................................................ 9
4.2.2 Luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination Qd ....................................................................... 9
4.2.3 Luminance factor β ...................................................................................................................................... 10
4.3 Retroreflection under vehicle headlamp illumination .................................................................. 10
4.4 Colour ............................................................................................................................................................... 12
4.4.1 Chromaticity in daylight ............................................................................................................................ 12
4.4.2 Chromaticity of retroreflected light ...................................................................................................... 13
4.5 Skid resistance .............................................................................................................................................. 14
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Annex A (normative) Measurement method for the luminance coefficient under diffuse
(standards.iteh.ai)
illumination Qd ............................................................................................................................................. 15
A.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................
SIST EN 1436:2018 15
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/708b9e5c-25da-4ab4-84fc-
A.2 Spectral match...............................................................................................................................................
94f54465073c/sist-en-1436-2018 16
A.3 Standard measuring condition of measuring equipment ............................................................. 16
A.4 Practical applications of measuring equipment ............................................................................... 17
A.5 Calibration of measuring equipment .................................................................................................... 18
A.6 Uncertainty of measurement ................................................................................................................... 18
Annex B (normative) Measurement method for the coefficient of retroreflected luminance
RL ........................................................................................................................................................................ 20
B.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 20
B.2 Spectral match of measuring equipment............................................................................................. 21
B.3 Standard measuring condition of measuring equipment ............................................................. 21
B.4 Practical applications of measuring equipment ............................................................................... 22
B.4.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 22
B.4.2 Portable instruments.................................................................................................................................. 22
B.4.3 Vehicle mounted instruments ................................................................................................................. 23
B.5 Calibration of measuring equipment .................................................................................................... 25
B.6 Condition of wetness ................................................................................................................................... 25
B.7 Condition of rain ........................................................................................................................................... 26
B.8 Uncertainty of measurement ................................................................................................................... 26

2
 SIST EN 1436:2018

EN 1436:2018 (E)

Annex C (normative) Measuring method for the luminance factor β and the chromaticity co-
ordinates x and y ........................................................................................................................................... 28
C.1 Standard measuring condition for the measurement of the luminance factor β and
the chromaticity co-ordinates x and y in daylight ............................................................................ 28
C.2 Standard measuring condition for the measurement of the chromaticity co-
ordinates x and y of retroreflected light .............................................................................................. 28
C.3 Measuring equipment ................................................................................................................................. 28
C.4 Uncertainty of measurement.................................................................................................................... 28
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 29

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

(standards.iteh.ai)
SIST EN 1436:2018
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/708b9e5c-25da-4ab4-84fc-
94f54465073c/sist-en-1436-2018

3
 SIST EN 1436:2018

EN 1436:2018 (E)

European foreword

This document (EN 1436:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 226 “Road
equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2018 and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by July 2018.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.

This document supersedes EN 1436:2007+A1:2008.

The main changes in this revision to EN 1436 are as follows:

— the title is extended with “and test methods” in order to stress that test methods are provided;
— in the Scope, the sentence “Furthermore the standard specifies test methods” is added in order to
stress that test methods are provided;
— in the Introduction, two paragraphs are added at the end to clarify a few issues;
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
— in the Normative references, EN 13036-4 is inserted, while references to ISO 48 and ISO 4662 are
deleted. Additionally, the normative reference to ISO 10526 is replaced by a normative reference to
(standards.iteh.ai)
ISO 11664-2;
SIST EN 1436:2018
— in 3.6, the definition ofhttps://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/708b9e5c-25da-4ab4-84fc-
structured road marking is simplified;
— in 3.7, the definition of type I and II road markings is split into two separate definitions in 3.7 and
94f54465073c/sist-en-1436-2018
3.8;
— in 3.9, a definition of chromaticity coordinates x,y is inserted as 3.9;
— in Table 1, an option for class Q5 is added for white road markings on asphaltic road surfaces;
— in Table 3, an option for class R5 is added for permanent yellow road markings;
— in 4.2.1 General, the reference to 3.6 is deleted in view of the simplification of this definition;
— in 4.4 Colour, this clause is split into subclause 4.4.1 with existing classes for chromaticity in
daylight and a new subclause 4.4.2 with classes for chromaticity of retroreflected light of yellow road
markings;
— in 4.5 Skid resistance, the reference to 3.6 is deleted in view of the simplification of this definition
and precautions for when this test is valid are added;
— in A.3 Standard measuring condition of measuring equipment, a new paragraph is inserted at the end
regarding permissible side angles;
— in A.4 Practical applications of measuring equipment, the words “For fixed aim instruments” in the 7th
paragraph are deleted as all instruments available on the market have fixed aim. Additionally, a
paragraph regarding allowances for vehicle mounted equipment is added at the end;
— in B.2 Spectral match of measuring equipment, a new paragraph is inserted after the 6th paragraph
describing an alternative and more simple test of the spectral match for vehicle mounted instruments;
— in B.3 Standard measuring condition of measuring equipment, a new paragraph is inserted after the
6th paragraph regarding permissible side angles;

4
 SIST EN 1436:2018

EN 1436:2018 (E)

— in B.4 Practical applications of measuring equipment, subclauses B.4.1, B.4.2 and B.4.3 are
introduced for respectively general considerations, portable instruments and vehicle mounted
instruments in order to provide additional information on vehicle mounted instruments. Further, for
clarity, B.4.2 and B.4.3 are themselves split into subclauses;
— in C.1, the title is changed to “Standard measuring condition for the measurement of the luminance
factor and the chromaticity co-ordinates x and y in daylight” in order to make the content clear. Further,
the reference to ISO 10526 is replaced by a reference to ISO 11664-2;

— in C.2 Standard measuring condition for the measurement of the chromaticity coordinates x and y of
retroreflected light, this new clause is inserted in view of the new subclause 4.4.2. The clauses thereafter
are renumbered accordingly;
— in C.3 Measuring equipment (previously C.2), the words “of the luminance factor and the
chromaticity co-ordinates x, y” at the end of the 1st paragraph are deleted. Additionally, a Note 2
regarding equipment for the measurement of the x, y chromaticity co-ordinates of retroreflected light
has been inserted;
— the Annex D (normative) Measuring method for skid resistance has been deleted, being essentially
replaced by a reference to EN 13036-4 in subclause 4.5.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
(standards.iteh.ai)
SIST EN 1436:2018
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/708b9e5c-25da-4ab4-84fc-
94f54465073c/sist-en-1436-2018

5
 SIST EN 1436:2018

EN 1436:2018 (E)

Introduction

Road markings together with road studs form the means for horizontal signalization.
Road markings include longitudinal markings, arrows, transverse markings, text and symbols on the
surface of the highway, etc. Longitudinal road markings serve among else to delineate the roads, to
separate opposing traffic streams and to divide the total road area into sub-areas for different road
users. Other road markings serve a range of purposes, among else to indicate the use of driving lanes,
full stop and give way, to mark pedestrian crossings and to provide information.
Road markings can be provided by the application of paint, thermoplastic materials or reactive
materials, pre-formed lines and symbols or by other means.
Most road markings are white or yellow, but in special cases other colours are used.
Road markings are either permanent or temporary. The functional life of temporary road markings is
limited by the duration of the road works. For permanent road markings it is best for reasons of safety
to have a functional life that is as long as possible, as limited by the gradual deterioration of
performance and the level of service to be provided for the road users.
Road markings can be applied with or without the addition of glass beads/anti-skid materials. With
glass beads the retroreflection of the marking is achieved when the marking is illuminated by vehicle
headlamps. Anti-skid material improves the skid resistance of the marking.
The retroreflection of a marking, in wet or rainy conditions, can also be enhanced by special properties.
The properties can be produced by surface texture (as with structured markings), large glass beads or
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
other means. In the case of surface texture, the passage of wheels can produce acoustic or vibration
effects. (standards.iteh.ai)
The value of a parameter for a particular road marking location is dependant of the surface condition of
the road marking, which is influenced by the local SISTconditions,
EN 1436:2018time of the year, traffic 'history', weather
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/708b9e5c-25da-4ab4-84fc-
and other factors. It should be taken into account that the value measured on a particular occasion is
94f54465073c/sist-en-1436-2018
not necessarily the average or typical value of that road marking.
This standard cannot be used directly as tender specifications nor test instructions, but needs to be
supported by additional papers for such applications. Acceptance criteria in view of measuring
uncertainty should be part of such additional papers.
A newly applied road marking may not show its true performance because of excess drop-on materials,
an oily water repelling surface or other causes. Measurements of the performance should not take place
until the actual performance has been developed, which may take from a couple of days to a couple of
weeks depending on the type of road surface, the performance characteristics to be measured and the
conditions regarding traffic and weather.

6
 SIST EN 1436:2018

EN 1436:2018 (E)

1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the performance for road users of white and yellow road markings, as
expressed by their reflection in daylight or under road lighting, retroreflection in vehicle headlamp
illumination, colour and skid resistance. Furthermore, the standard specifies test methods and
conditions.

2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13036-4, Road and airfield surface characteristics - Test methods - Part 4: Method for measurement of
slip/skid resistance of a surface: The pendulum test

IEC 60050-845:1987, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Chapter 845: Lighting 1)

ISO 11664-2:2007, Colorimetry - Part 2: CIE standard illuminants

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-845:1987 and the
following apply. iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
(standards.iteh.ai)
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
SIST EN 1436:2018
• https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/708b9e5c-25da-4ab4-84fc-
ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
94f54465073c/sist-en-1436-2018
3.1
<road marking> luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination
Qd
quotient of the luminance of a field of the road marking in a given direction by the illuminance on the
field (unit: mcd⋅m-2⋅lx-1)

3.2
<road marking> luminance factor
β
ratio of the luminance of a field of the road marking in a given direction to that of a perfect reflecting
diffuser identically illuminated

3.3
<road marking> coefficient of retroreflected luminance
RL
quotient of the luminance L of a field of the road marking in a direction of observation by the
illuminance E⊥ at the field perpendicular to the direction of the incident light (unit: mcd⋅m-2⋅lx-1)

1) CIE Publication 17.4 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary is identical to IEC 60050-845.

7
 SIST EN 1436:2018

EN 1436:2018 (E)

3.4
<road marking> skid resistance tester value
SRT
skid resistance quality of a wet surface measured by the friction at low speed of a rubber slider upon
this surface

3.5
<road marking> functional life
period during which the road marking fulfils all the performance requirements of the classes initially
specified by the road authority

3.6
structured road marking
road marking with a structured surface that does not have areas of road marking of regular dimensions
and planeness

Note 1 to entry: Structures may be formed by patterns, profiles, random texture or other features.

3.7
type I road marking
road marking that do not necessarily have special properties intended to enhance the retroreflection in
wet or rainy conditions

3.8 iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

type II road marking
(standards.iteh.ai)
road marking with special properties intended to enhance the retroreflection in wet or rainy conditions

3.9 SIST EN 1436:2018

Chromaticity coordinateshttps://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/708b9e5c-25da-4ab4-84fc-
x,y
coordinates in the CIE 1931 color space chromaticity diagram
94f54465073c/sist-en-1436-2018

4 Requirements
4.1 General

The requirements specified relate to the performance of road markings during their functional life. The
requirements are expressed by several parameters representing different aspects of the performance of
road markings and for some of these in terms of classes of increasing performance.
NOTE 1 The length of the functional life depends on whether the road marking is of short or long durability, on
whether the road marking is run on by traffic (e.g. symbols on the carriageway compared to continuous edge
lines), on the traffic density, on the roughness of the road surface and on matters relating to local conditions like
the use of studded tyres in some countries.

NOTE 2 The classes enable different priorities to be given to the different aspects of performance of road
markings depending on particular circumstances.

Classes of high performance cannot always be achieved for two or more of these parameters
simultaneously. As an example, a road marking may have drop-on glass beads or drop-on anti-skid
aggregates, aiming at high classes of either retroreflection (RL) or skid resistance (SRT). In general, high
classes of retroreflection and slip/skid resistance cannot be obtained together.
Furthermore, the selection of performance classes implies a compromise between the needs of the
drivers and the cost of supplying the performance. The needs of drivers have been studied in COST
Action 331, ‘Requirements for horizontal road markings’.

8
 SIST EN 1436:2018

EN 1436:2018 (E)

For skid resistance, emphasis is sometimes placed on those road markings, which occupy a large
percentage of the trafficked areas such as zebra crossings, arrows, transverse markings, text and
symbols.
Therefore, the choice of performance classes should be fixed in national tender specifications or other
national provisions after due consideration of all aspects.
In some countries the performance classes cannot be maintained during a limited time period of the
year during which the probability of lower performance of the road markings is high, due to the
presence of water, dust, mud, etc.
4.2 Reflection in daylight or under road lighting
4.2.1 General

Reflection in daylight or under road lighting is measured either

— by the luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination Qd measured in accordance with Annex A in
the direction of traffic and expressed in mcd⋅m-2⋅lx-1, or
— by the luminance factor β measured in accordance with Annex C.

NOTE Both of the above-mentioned parameters measure the brightness of a road marking as seen in typical
or average daylight or under road lighting. The main difference lies in the viewing directions, which for the
luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination Qd corresponds to a fairly long viewing distance and for the
luminance factor β to viewing at close range.
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
To assess the visibility in daylight or under road lighting for such road markings, the measurement of
(standards.iteh.ai)
Qd may be a more suitable method of test.
4.2.2 Luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination Qd
SIST EN 1436:2018
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/708b9e5c-25da-4ab4-84fc-
The luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination Qd shall conform to Table 1 for road markings in
94f54465073c/sist-en-1436-2018
dry conditions.
Table 1 — Classes of Qd for dry road markings

Road marking Road surface Minimum luminance coefficient under

Class
Colour Type diffuse illumination Qd in mcd⋅m-2⋅lx-1
Q0 No value requested
Q2 Qd ≥ 100
Asphaltic Q3 Qd ≥ 130
Q4 Qd ≥ 160
White Q5 Qd ≥ 200
Q0 No value requested
Q3 Qd ≥ 130
Cement concrete
Q4 Qd ≥ 160
Q5 Qd ≥ 200
Q0 No value requested
Q1 Qd ≥ 80
Yellow
Q2 Qd ≥ 100
Q3 Qd ≥ 130

9
 SIST EN 1436:2018

EN 1436:2018 (E)

4.2.3 Luminance factor β

The luminance factor β shall be measured in accordance with Annex C and shall conform to Table 2 for
road markings in dry conditions.
A measured value of β is not reliable, when a structured road marking does not have sufficiently large
plane areas covered with marking material.
Table 2 — Classes of luminance factor β for dry road markings

Road marking colour Road surface type Class Minimum luminance factor β
B0 No value requested
B2 β ≥ 0,30
Asphaltic B3 β ≥ 0,40
B4 β ≥ 0,50
White B5 β ≥ 0,60
B0 No value requested
B3 β ≥ 0,40
Cement concrete
B4 β ≥ 0,50
B5 β ≥ 0,60
B0 No value requested

Yellow
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW B1 β ≥ 0,20
(standards.iteh.ai) B2 β ≥ 0,30
B3 β ≥ 0,40
SIST EN 1436:2018
4.3 Retroreflection under vehicle headlamp illumination
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/708b9e5c-25da-4ab4-84fc-
94f54465073c/sist-en-1436-2018
For the measurement of reflection under vehicle headlamp illumination, the coefficient of retroreflected
luminance RL is used. It shall be measured in the direction of traffic in accordance with Annex B and
expressed in mcd⋅m-2⋅lx-1.
Road markings in the dry condition shall conform to Table 3; and shall conform to Table 4 during
wetness and to Table 5 during rain.
NOTE The coefficient of retroreflected luminance represents the brightness of a road marking as seen by
drivers of vehicles under the illumination by the driver’s own headlamps.

10