Exercise 8-1: Schedule of Expected Cash Collections

Given:

Peak sales for Midwest Products, a wholesale distributor of leaf rakes, occur in August. The
company's sales budget for the third quarter showing these peak sales is given below:

May June July August September

Budgeted Sales (All on Account) $600,000 $900,000 $500,000
Actual Sales (All on Account) $430,000 $540,000
Total Sales $430,000 $540,000 $600,000 $900,000 $500,000

From past experience, the company has learned that 20% of a month's sales are collected in the
month of sale, another 70% are collected in the month following the sale, and the remaining 10% are
collected in the second month following the sale. Bad debts are negligible and can be ignored.

Required:

1. Prepare a schedule of expected cash collections from sales, by month and in total, for the third
quarter.
May June July August September
20% collected in month of sale $86,000 $108,000 $120,000 $180,000 $100,000
70% collected in month after sale 301,000 378,000 420,000 630,000
10% collected in 2nd month after 43,000 54,000 60,000
Total $86,000 $409,000 $541,000 $654,000 $790,000

2. Assume that the company will prepare a budgeted balance sheet as of September 30. Compute
the A/R as of that date.

Accounts Receivable -- September 30: %

Uncollected A/R
From August Sales: $900,000 10% $90,000
From September Sales: $500,000 80% 400,000
Total A/R $490,000

Check:
Total Sales: $2,970,000
Less Total Collections: 2,480,000
Accounts Receivable -- September 30: $490,000

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 Total
$2,000,000

$2,970,000

Total
$400,000
1,428,000
157,000
$1,985,000

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Exercise 8-2: Production Budget

Given:
Crystal telecom has budgeted the sales of its innovative mobile phone over the next four months as
follows:
Unit
Sales
July 30,000
August 45,000
September 60,000
October 50,000

The company is now in the process of preparing a production budget for the third quarter. Past
experience has shown that end-of-month inventories of finished goods must equal 10% of the next
month's sales. The inventory at the end of June was 3,000.

Required:
Prepare a production budget for the third quarter showing the number of units to be produced each
month and for the quarter in total.

July August September Quarter October

Budgeted Sales 30,000 45,000 60,000 135,000 50,000
Desired EI** 4,500 6,000 5,000 5,000
Total Units Desired 34,500 51,000 65,000 140,000
Less BI 3,000 4,500 6,000 3,000
Production 31,500 46,500 59,000 137,000
137,000
** EI is anticipated to be 10% of the next month's sales

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Exercise 8-3: Direct Materials Budget

Given:
Micro Products, Inc. has developed a very powerful electronic calculator. Each calculator requires 3 small
"chips" that cost $2 each and are purchased from an overseas supplier. Micro Products has prepared a
production budget for the calculator by quarters for Year 2 and for the first quarter of Year 3, as shown belo

1st Quarter Y2 2nd Quarter Y2 3rd Quarter Y2 4th Quarter Y2

Budgeted Production (Calculators) 60,000 90,000 150,000 100,000

The chip used in production of the calculator is sometimes hard to get, so it is necessary to carry large inve
precaution against stockout. For this reason, the inventory of chips at the end of a quarter must be equal to
following quarter's production needs. Some 36,000 chips will be on hand to start the first quarter of Year 2.

Required:

Prepare a direct materials budget for chips, by quarter and in total, for Year 2. At the bottom of your budget
show the dollar amount of purchases for each quarter and for the year in total.

1st Quarter Y2 2nd Quarter Y2 3rd Quarter Y2 4th Quarter Y2

Budgeted Production (Calculators) 60,000 90,000 150,000 100,000
# of chips needed per calculator 3 3 3 3
Total chips needed for production 180,000 270,000 450,000 300,000
Desired EI ** 54,000 90,000 60,000 48,000
Total direct materials needed 90000- 36,000 360,000
234,000 510,000 348,000
Less: BI of chips 36,000 54,000 90,000 60,000
Required purchases of chips (units) 198,000 306,000 420,000 288,000
Cost per chip $2 $2 $2 $2
Required purchases of chips (dollars) $396,000 $612,000 $840,000 $576,000

** EI is anticipated to be 20% of the next quarter's production needs.

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ow:

1st Quarter Y3
80,000

entories as a
o 20% of the
.

t,

Year 2
400,000
3
1,200,000
48,000
1,248,000
36,000
1,212,000
$2
$2,424,000

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Exercise 8-4: Direct Labor Budget

Given:
The Production Department of the Riverside Plant of Junnen Corporation has submitted the following
forecast of units to be produced at the plant for each quarter of the upcoming fiscal year. The plant
produces high-end outdoor barbecue grills.

1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter

Units to be produced 5,000 4,400 4,500 4,900

Each unit requires 0.40 direct labor hours and direct labor workers are paid $11 per hour.

Required:
1. Construct the company's direct labor budget for the upcoming fiscal year, assuming that
the direct labor workforce is adjusted each quarter to match the number of hours required
to produce the forecasted number of units produced.

1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Year

Units to be produced 5,000 4,400 4,500 4,900 18,800
Direct labor hours required per grill 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
Total DLHs required for production 2,000 1,760 1,800 1,960 7,520
DL Cost per hour $11 $11 $11 $11 $11
Total Budgeted DL Costs $22,000 $19,360 $19,800 $21,560 $82,720

2. Construct the company's direct labor budget for the upcoming fiscal year, assuming that
the direct labor workforce is not adjusted each quarter. Instead assume that the company's
direct labor workforce consists of permanent employees who are guaranteed to be paid for
at least 1,800 hours of work each quarter. If the number of required direct labor hours is less
than this number, the workers are paid for 1,800 hours anyway. Any hours worked in excess
of 1,800 hours in a quarter are paid at the rate of 1.5 times the normal hourly rate for DL.

1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Year

Units to be produced 5,000 4,400 4,500 4,900 18,800
Direct labor hours required per grill 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40
Total DLHs required for production 2,000 1,760 1,800 1,960 7,520
Minimum guaranteed hours (@ $11) 1,800 1,800 1,800 1,800 7,200
Wage rate for guaranteed hours $11 $11 $11 $11 $11
Wages for guaranteed time $19,800 $19,800 $19,800 $19,800 $79,200
Overtime hours 200 0 0 160 360
Wages rate for overtime hours (1.5X) $16.50 $16.50 $16.50 $16.50 $16.50
Wages for overtime $3,300 $0 $0 $2,640 $5,940
Total Budgeted DL Costs $23,100 $19,800 $19,800 $22,440 $85,140

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Exercise 8-5: Manufacturing Overhead Budget

Given:
The direct labor budget of Krispin Corporation for the upcoming fiscal year contains the following
details concerning budgeted direct labor hours.

1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter

Budgeted DL Hours 5,000 4,800 5,200 5,400

The company's VMOH rate is $1.75 per DLH and the company's FMOH is $35,000 per quarter.
The only noncash item included in the FMOH is depreciation, which is $15,000 per quarter.

Required:
1. Construct the company's MOH budget for the upcoming fiscal year.

1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter

Budgeted DL Hours 5,000 4,800 5,200 5,400
VMOH rate per DLH $1.75 $1.75 $1.75 $1.75
Budgeted VMOH Expense $8,750 $8,400 $9,100 $9,450
Budgeted FMOH Expense 35,000 35,000 35,000 35,000
Budgeted TMOH Expense $43,750 $43,400 $44,100 $44,450

2. Compute the company's TMOH rate for the upcoming fiscal year. $8.6127

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 Year
20,400
$1.75
$35,700
140,000
$175,700

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Exercise 8-6: Selling and Administrative Expense Budget

Given:
The budgeted unit sales of Haerve Company for the upcoming fiscal year are provided below:

1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter

Budgeted unit sales 12,000 14,000 11,000 10,000

The company's variable selling and administrative expense per unit is $2.75. Fixed selling and Administr
expenses include advertising expenses of $12,000 per quarter, executive salaries of $40,000 per quarter
and depreciation of $16,000 per quarter. In addition, the company will make insurance payments of $6,0
in the 2nd Quarter and $6,000 in the 4th Quarter. Finally, property taxes of $6,000 will be paid in the 3rd
Quarter.

Required:
Prepare the company's selling and administrative expense budget for the upcoming fiscal year.

1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter

Budgeted units 12,000 14,000 11,000 10,000
Variable S & A rate per unit $2.75 $2.75 $2.75 $2.75
Budgeted Variable S & A Expense $33,000 $38,500 $30,250 $27,500
Budgeted Fixed S & A Expenses:
Advertising $12,000 $12,000 $12,000 $12,000
Executive salaries 40,000 40,000 40,000 40,000
Depreciation 16,000 16,000 16,000 16,000
Insurance Expense1 6,000 6,000
Property Tax Expense1 6,000
Total Fixed S & A Expense $68,000 $74,000 $74,000 $74,000
Total Budgeted S&A Expense $101,000 $112,500 $104,250 $101,500

1
Are these expense items or cash payments?

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 rative
r,
000

Year
47,000
$2.75
$129,250

$48,000
160,000
64,000
12,000
6,000
$290,000
$419,250

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Problem 8-24:

Given:
The president of Univax, Inc., has just approached the company's bank seeking short-term financing
for the coming year, Year 2. Univax is a distributor of commercial vacuum cleaners. The bank has
stated that the loan request must be accompanied by a detailed cash budget that shows the quarters
in which financing will be needed, as well as the amounts that will be needed and the quarters in
which repayments can be made.

To provide this information for the bank, the president has directed that the following data be gathered
from which a cash budget can be prepared:

a. Budgeted sales and merchandise purchases for Year 2, as well as actual sales and purchases for
the last quarter of Year 1, are as follows:
Merchandise
Year 1: Sales Purchases
Fourth quarter actual $300,000 $180,000
Year 2:
First quarter, estimated $400,000 $260,000
Second quarter, estimated $500,000 $310,000
Third quarter, estimated $600,000 $370,000
Fourth quarter estimated $480,000 $240,000

b. The company typically collects 33% of a quarter's sales before the quarter ends and another 65%
in the following quarter. The remainder is uncollectible. This pattern of collections is now being
experienced in the actual data for the Year 1 fourth quarter.

c. Some 20% of a quarter's merchandise purchases are paid for within the quarter. The remainder is
paid in the follow quarter.

d. Selling & Administrative Expenses for Year 2 are budgeted at $90,000 per quarter plus 12% of sales.
Of the fixed amount, $20,000 each quarter is depreciation.

e. The company will pay $10,000 in cash dividends each quarter.

f. Land purchases will be made as follows during the year: $80,000 in the second quarter and $48,500
in the third quarter.

g. The Cash account contained $20,000 at the end of Year 1. The company must maintain a minimum
cash balance of at least $18,000.

h. The company has an agreement with a local bank that allows the company to borrow in increments
of $10,000 at the beginning of each quarter, up to a total loan balance of $100,000. The interest
rate on these loans is 1% per month, and for simplicity, we will assume that interest is not compounded.
The company would, as far as it is able, replay the loan plus accumulated interest at the end of the year.

i. At present, the company has no loans outstanding.

Required:
1. Prepare the following, by quarter and in total, for Year 2:

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 a. A schedule of expected cash collections on sales.

Sales $300,000 $400,000 $500,000 $600,000 $480,000

4th Q Year 1 1st Q Year 2 2nd Q Year 2 3rd Q Year 2 4th Q Year 2
Collections in month of sales (33%) $132,000 $165,000 $198,000 $158,400
Collections in month following sales (65%) $195,000 $260,000 $325,000 $390,000
$327,000 $425,000 $523,000 $548,400

b. A schedule of expected cash disbursements for merchandise purchases.

Purchases $180,000 $260,000 $310,000 $370,000 $240,000

4th Q Year 1 1st Q Year 2 2nd Q Year 2 3rd Q Year 2 4th Q Year 2
Payments for purchases -- month of purchase (20%) $52,000 $62,000 $74,000 $48,000
Payments for purchases -- following quarter (80%) $144,000 $208,000 $248,000 $296,000
$196,000 $270,000 $322,000 $344,000

2. Compute the expected cash disbursements for selling and administrative expenses, by quarter and i
total, for Year 2.
Sales $300,000 $400,000 $500,000 $600,000 $480,000
4th Q Year 1 1st Q Year 2 2nd Q Year 2 3rd Q Year 2 4th Q Year 2
Payments for var. operating expenses (12% of sales) $48,000 $60,000 $72,000 $57,600
Fixed operating expenses less non-cash depreciation $70,000 $70,000 $70,000 $70,000
Cash disbursements for operating expenses $118,000 $130,000 $142,000 $127,600

3. Prepare a cash budget by quarter and in total for Year 2.

Cash Budget:
1st Q Year 2 2nd Q Year 2 3rd Q Year 2 4th Q Year 2
Cash balance, beginning $20,000 $23,000 $18,000 $18,500
Add cash collections 327,000 425,000 523,000 548,400
Total cash available $347,000 $448,000 $541,000 $566,900
Less disbursements:
Merchandise purchases $196,000 $270,000 $322,000 $344,000
Selling & Administrative $118,000 $130,000 $142,000 $127,600
Land $80,000 $48,500
Dividends (Declared & Paid) $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000
Total disbursements $324,000 $490,000 $522,500 $481,600
Net Cash Inflow before Financing $23,000 ($42,000) $18,500 $85,300
Available for repayment $5,000 $0 $500 $67,300
Financing:
Borrowings $0 $60,000 $0 $0
Repayments $10,000 0 0 0 ($60,000)
Interest 1% 0 0 0 (5,400)
Total Financing $0 $60,000 $0 ($65,400)
Cash balance, ending $23,000 $18,000 $18,500 $19,900

Desired minimum cash balance $18,000 $18,000 $18,000 $18,000

Excess Over Desired Minimum $5,000 $0 $500 $1,900

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 Total
$653,400
$1,170,000
$1,823,400

Total
$236,000
$896,000
$1,132,000

Total
$237,600
$280,000
$517,600

Y2
$20,000
1,823,400
$1,843,400

$1,132,000
$517,600
$128,500
$40,000
$1,818,100
$25,300
$7,300

$60,000
($60,000)
($5,400)
($5,400)
$19,900

$18,000
$1,900

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Exercise 8-27: Completing a Master Budget

Given:
Nordic Company, a merchandising company, prepares its master budget on a quarterly basis. The
following data have been assembled to assist in preparation of the master budget for the second
quarter.
a. As of March 31 (the end of the prior quarter), the company's balance sheet showed the following
account balances:

Cash $9,000
Accounts Receivable 48,000
Inventory 12,600
Building and equipment 214,100
Accounts Payable $18,300
Capital Stock 190,000
Retained Earnings 75,400
Total $283,700 $283,700

b. Actual sales for March and budgeted sales for April-July are as follows:

Actual Budgeted Budgeted Budgeted Budgeted

March April May June July $245,000
$60,000 $70,000 $85,000 $90,000 $50,000

c. Sales are 20% for cash and 80% on credit. All payments on credit sales are collected in the month
following the sale. The A/R at March 31 are a result of March credit sales.

d. The company's gross margin % is 40% of sales. (In other words, cost of goods sold is 60% of sales.)

e. Monthly expenses are budgeted as follows:

Salaries and wages $7,500 per month

Shipping 6% of sales
Advertising $6,000 per month
Other expenses 4% of sales
Depreciation, including depreciation on new
assets acquired during the quarter, will be $6,000 for the quarter

f. Each month's EI should equal 30% of the following month's COGS

g. Half of a month's inventory purchases are paid for in the month of purchase and half in the following
month.

h. Equipment purchases during the quarter will be as follows:

April $11,500
May $3,000

i. Dividends declared and paid in June $3,500

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j. Management wants to maintain a minimum cash balance of $8,000. $8,000

The company has an agreement with a local bank that allows the company to borrow in increments
of $1,000 at the beginning of each month, up to a total loan balance of $20,000. The interest rate
on these loans is 1% per month, and for simplicity, we will assume that interest is not compounded.
The company would, as far as it is able, repay the loan plus accumulated interest at the end of the
quarter.

Required:
Using the data above, complete the following statements and schedules for the second quarter:

1. Schedule of expected cash collections:

Actual
March April May June Total
Total Sales $60,000 $70,000 $85,000 $90,000 $305,000

Collections from: April May June Quarter

Cash Sales (20%) $14,000 $17,000 $18,000 $49,000
Credit Sales (80%, 1-month delay) 48,000 56,000 68,000 172,000
Total Cash Collections $62,000 $73,000 $86,000 $221,000

2. a. Merchandise purchases budget:

March April May June July

Total Sales $60,000 $70,000 $85,000 $90,000 $50,000

March April May June Quarter

Budgeted COGS (60% of Sales) $36,000 $42,000 $51,000 $54,000 $147,000
Add desired EI (30% next COGS) 12,600 15,300 16,200 9,000 9,000
Total Needs $48,600 $57,300 $67,200 $63,000 $156,000
Less BI (30% of this month's COGS) 10,800 12,600 15,300 16,200 12,600
Purchases $37,800 $44,700 $51,900 $46,800 $143,400

b. Schedule of expected cash disbursement for merchandise purchases:

March April May June Quarter

50% paid in month of purchase $18,300 $22,350 $25,950 $23,400 $71,700
50% paid In month after purchase 18,300 22,350 25,950 66,600
Total $40,650 $48,300 $49,350 $138,300

3. Schedule of expected cash disbursements for selling & administrative

April May June Quarter

Salaries and Wages $7,500 $7,500 $7,500 $22,500
Shipping (6% of sales) $4,200 $5,100 $5,400 $14,700
Advertising $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $18,000
Other Expenses (4% of sales) $2,800 $3,400 $3,600 $9,800
Total Selling & Admin. $20,500 $22,000 $22,500 $65,000

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4. Cash Budget:
April May June Quarter
Cash balance, beginning $9,000 $8,350 $8,050 $9,000
Add cash collections 62,000 73,000 86,000 221,000
Total cash available $71,000 $81,350 $94,050 $230,000
Less disbursements:
Inventory purchases $40,650 $48,300 $49,350 $138,300
Selling & Administrative $20,500 $22,000 $22,500 $65,000
Equipment purchases $11,500 $3,000 $14,500
Dividends (Declared & Paid) $3,500 $3,500
Total disbursements $72,650 $73,300 $75,350 $221,300
Net Cash Inflow before Financing ($1,650) $8,050 $18,700 $8,700
Available for repayment $0 $50 $10,700 $700
Financing:
Borrowings $10,000 $0 $0 $10,000
Repayments $1,000 0 0 (10,000) ($10,000)
Interest 1% 0 0 (300) ($300)
Total Financing $10,000 $0 ($10,300) ($300)
Cash balance, ending $8,350 $8,050 $8,400 $8,400

Desired minimum cash balance $8,000 $8,000 $8,000 $8,000

Excess Over Desired Minimum $350 $50 $400 $400

5. Prepare an absorption costing I/S statement for the quarter ending June 30

Nordic Company
Absorption Costing Income Statement
For the Quarter Ended June 30th

Sales $245,000
Cost of Goods Sold:
Beginning Inventory $12,600
Add purchases 143,400
Goods available for sale $156,000
Ending Inventory 9,000 147,000 0.6
Gross Margin $98,000 0.4
Selling & Administrative Expenses 71,000
Net Operating Income $27,000
Less Interest Expense (300)
Net Income $26,700

6. Prepare a balance sheet as of June 30.

Nordic Company
Balance Sheet
6/30/20??

Assets:
Current Assets:

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 Cash $8,400
Accounts Receivable 72,000
Inventory 9,000 $89,400
Long-Term Assets:
Net Building and Equipment 222,600
Total Assets $312,000

Equity:
Current Liabilities:
Accounts Payable $23,400
Stockholders' Equity
Capital Stock $190,000
Retained Earnings** 98,600 $288,600
Total Equity $312,000

**Retained Earnings:
Beginning Balance $75,400
Plus: Net Income 26,700
Less: Dividends Declared (3,500)
Ending Balance $98,600

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 Total
$355,000

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