Kaplan
Kaplan
Date –
Semester – 4th
Year – 2nd
Theory :
INTRODUCTION
Turbines are the turbo machines transferring fluid energy into mechanical
energy. Victor Kaplan designed a turbine similar to the propellers of ships for
generating hydropower in locations where large quantities of water are available
under a relatively low head. The Kaplan Turbine is also called as Propeller Turbine.
It has a propeller like blades, here Instead of displacing the water axially using shaft
power and creating axial thrust, the axial force of water acts on the blades of Kaplan
Turbine and generates shaft power. To generate substantial amount of power from
small heads of water using Kaplan Turbine it is necessary to have large flow rates
through the turbine. Kaplan Turbine is designed to accommodate the required large
flow rates. Consequently the specific speed of these turbines is high, viz., 300 to
1000.
Kaplan Turbine is an Axial Flow Reaction Turbine, which means that the flow
direction does not change as it crosses the rotor. For Axial Flow Turbines, the water
flows through the runner along the direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the
runner. Reaction Turbine means that the water at the inlet of the Turbine possesses
kinetic energy as well as pressure energy.
Kaplan Turbine
6. Draft Tube: The draft tube is a pipe or passage of gradually increasing cross
sectional area which connects the runner exit to the tail race. It may be made
of cast or plate steel or concrete. It permits the negative or suction head to be
established at the runner exit and also converts large proportion of velocity
energy rejected from the runner into useful pressure energy.
Specifications:
Torque,
Where, -applied load in kg, - spring reading in kg, -radius of brake drum
in m
Input power
When =1 m, then
Then substituting
Simulation:
Passport Size Photograph (Vikas Sharma):