DIRECTORATE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND

INNOVATION SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIECNE AND

TECHNOLOGY
21DCS201P Design thinking
Worksheet for Week 1

1. Write down five examples of a good design. And why do you consider them as good designs?

Here are five examples of good design and the reasons for considering them as such:

1. iPhone: The iPhone's design is sleek, minimalist, and user-friendly. Its intuitive interface, ergonomic shape, and seamless
integration of hardware and software make it a user favorite.

2. Tesla Model S: The Model S features a clean and aerodynamic design, with its all-electric powertrain ingeniously integrated
into the chassis. Its minimalist interior and large touchscreen further enhance the user experience.

3. Airbnb website: Airbnb's website boasts a clean, intuitive, and visually appealing design. It effectively communicates the
platform's purpose, guiding users through the booking process effortlessly.

4. Dyson Airblade hand dryer: This hand dryer's design is efficient, hygienic, and user-friendly. It dries hands quickly using
high-velocity air while minimizing water splashes and preventing the spread of germs.

5. Eames Lounge Chair: The Eames Lounge Chair's design combines style and comfort, with its iconic silhouette and
premium materials. It's an example of timeless and ergonomic furniture design.

These designs are considered good because they exhibit some or all of the following characteristics: usability, functionality,
aesthetics, user-friendliness, efficiency, innovation, and a thoughtful consideration of user needs. They seamlessly integrate
form and function, creating products and experiences that are both practical and visually appealing.

2. What do you think are the differences between Tradition Thinking and Design Thinking?

Traditional Thinking Design Thinking

1) traditional thinking, the focus is often on 1) Design thinking is a more creative and
following established routines and adhering empathetic approach. It places emphasis on
to standard practices. It relies on logical and understanding the needs and desires of users,
analytical reasoning, aiming for a linear and encouraging a human-centered perspective. It
predictable approach to problem-solving. involves iterative processes, brainstorming,
and a willingness to explore various
possibilities and solutions.
2) Traditional thinking often starts with a
predefined problem statement. The focus is
on finding the most efficient solution within 2) Design thinking begins with a deep exploration
the given constraints. of the problem space to understand the
underlying issues and needs of the users. The
3) Traditional problem-solving often follows a problem is reframed and empathetically
linear approach, with a clear sequence of defined to ensure a meaningful solution.
steps leading to a solution.

4) Traditional Thinking: While traditional thinking 3) Design thinking is iterative, with a constant loop
may consider user input, it might not be a of empathizing, defining, ideating, prototyping,
central focus during the problem-solving and testing. It allows for continuous refinement
process. and improvement based on user feedback.

5) Traditional thinking tends to prefer clear and 4) Design thinking heavily involves users
well-defined problems, seeking definite throughout the process. Understanding their
answers. needs, desires, and pain points is crucial to
creating effective solutions.

5) Design thinking embraces ambiguity and

uncertainty as it allows for more creative
exploration and innovative solutions.
 3. What is the brand name of your Cell phone? Why did you choose this brand? Does it have
something to do with design of the product?

The Brand name of my cell phone is Apple

I choose apple because Apple has a reputation for producing high-quality, user-friendly, and
aesthetically pleasing products. The iPhone, in particular, has been widely acclaimed for its
sleek design, intuitive interface, and seamless integration of hardware and software. The
company's commitment to design excellence and user experience has garnered a large and
dedicated customer base.

The design of Apple's products is a key factor in its success. From the hardware to the software,
Apple strives for a clean, minimalist, and elegant aesthetic. The iPhones have consistently
featured premium materials and attention to detail, which appeals to consumers who appreciate
both style and functionality.

Furthermore, Apple's ecosystem and seamless integration across its devices, such as MacBooks,
iPads, and Apple Watches, create a unified experience that enhances convenience and usability
for users who prefer an interconnected digital lifestyle.

Overall, the choice of the Apple iPhone is often influenced by the brand's reputation for design,
user experience, and the cohesive ecosystem it offers to users.

4. Think about any design which you feel as human desirability and it is technologically feasible but
has not become viable (in terms of Business) yet. Why do you think it failed to become viable.

One example of a design that has high human desirability and technological feasibility but has
not become fully viable in terms of business is the concept of autonomous flying cars for
personal transportation.

Autonomous flying cars have been a fascination in science fiction for decades, and recent
advancements in drone technology and autonomous systems have brought this concept closer to
reality. The idea of flying cars appeals to human desires for faster and more efficient
transportation, reducing traffic congestion, and providing a unique and futuristic experience.
However, several reasons have hindered the widespread viability of autonomous flying cars:

1. Safety Concerns: Safety is a significant challenge for autonomous flying cars. Ensuring the
safe operation of flying vehicles in crowded urban airspace is a complex task that requires
addressing issues such as collision avoidance, air traffic management, and redundancy in
systems.

2. Regulatory Hurdles: The introduction of autonomous flying cars would require extensive
regulation and certification from aviation authorities. Integrating these vehicles into existing
airspace infrastructure and ensuring compatibility with traditional aircraft would be a time-
consuming process.

3. Infrastructure Requirements: Establishing the necessary infrastructure for flying cars, such as
landing and take-off sites, charging stations, and maintenance facilities, would be a significant
investment that might not be economically viable in the short term.

4. Energy Efficiency: Flying vehicles consume more energy than ground-based transportation,
which raises concerns about sustainability and environmental impact. Developing efficient and
environmentally friendly propulsion systems for flying cars remains a challenge.

5. Public Acceptance: Convincing the general public to trust and embrace the idea of
autonomous flying cars might be challenging due to safety and privacy concerns. A cultural
shift towards accepting flying vehicles as a mainstream mode of transportation would take time.

Despite these challenges, various companies and startups are actively working on developing
autonomous flying car prototypes and conducting feasibility studies. While the concept remains
a possibility for the future, it will likely take considerable time, investment, and advancements
in technology and regulatory frameworks to make autonomous flying cars a viable and
widespread reality in the business world.

5. Based on this (Question 4) of Design Thinking, why has solar technology not yet come of age in
India, despite the country’s energy needs.

The slow adoption and maturity of solar technology in India can be attributed to several factors, and
analyzing it from a design thinking perspective can provide valuable insights:

1. Empathy: While solar technology has the potential to address India's significant energy needs and
promote sustainable development, there are still barriers to widespread adoption. Design thinking starts
with understanding the needs and desires of users, and in this case, the end-users would be both
individuals and businesses seeking energy solutions. Understanding their specific energy requirements,
challenges, and financial constraints is crucial for designing effective solar energy solutions that cater to
their needs.
2. Define: The problem definition phase in design thinking involves reframing the challenge to identify
the root causes and potential solutions. In India, the challenges related to the slow growth of solar
technology adoption include:

a. Cost: The initial investment in solar technology can be high, making it financially challenging for
many individuals and businesses to switch to solar power.

b. Infrastructure: Developing the necessary infrastructure for solar energy generation, transmission,
and distribution requires substantial investment and coordination among various stakeholders.

c. Policy and Regulations: The regulatory environment can influence the growth of solar technology.
Inconsistent policies, bureaucratic hurdles, and uncertainty in incentives might deter potential investors
and users.

d. Awareness and Education: Widespread awareness about the benefits and potential of solar
technology is essential to drive demand and accelerate its adoption.

3. Ideate: The ideation phase in design thinking involves brainstorming and exploring various
possibilities to address the identified challenges. In India, there are ongoing efforts to tackle these issues
through:

a. Subsidies and Incentives: The government offers various subsidies and incentives to promote solar
energy adoption, aiming to reduce the upfront costs and encourage investment.

b. Public-Private Partnerships: Collaboration between government, private sector, and international

organizations is being explored to accelerate solar energy projects and infrastructure development.

c. Education and Awareness Campaigns: Initiatives to educate people about the benefits of solar
energy and how it can be integrated into their daily lives are being implemented.

4. Prototype and Test: The prototype phase involves creating small-scale versions to test solutions and
gather feedback. In the case of solar technology in India, pilot projects and localized implementations
can help identify potential challenges and improvements that can inform larger-scale deployments.

5. Iterate: Design thinking involves continuous refinement based on feedback and learnings. In India,
addressing the challenges related to solar technology requires iterative approaches, revisiting policies,
and adapting to changing needs and technology advancements.

Overall, while solar technology has immense potential in India, achieving widespread adoption requires
a holistic approach that considers the needs and challenges of users, aligns policies and regulations, and
fosters innovation through collaboration and continuous improvement. Design thinking principles can
play a vital role in guiding this process and shaping the future of solar technology in the country.
 6. Have you ever consistently scored high grades in a subject or topped your class throughout
schooling? Do you know anyone who did? What did you or your friend do to achieve this?
Explain your approach.

1. **Consistent Study Habits:** Successful students often establish a regular study routine and
adhere to it diligently. They allocate sufficient time for studying, revising, and completing
assignments to stay on top of their coursework.

2. **Time Management:** Effective time management is crucial to balance academic

commitments with other activities. Prioritizing tasks, setting deadlines, and avoiding
procrastination can help maintain focus and productivity.

3. **Active Participation in Class:** Engaging actively during lectures, asking questions, and
taking notes can enhance understanding and retention of the material.

4. **Conceptual Understanding:** Rather than memorizing facts, top performers focus on

understanding the underlying concepts. This deep comprehension helps them apply knowledge
to different scenarios.

5. **Consistent Practice:** Regular practice through exercises, problem-solving, and mock tests
reinforces learning and builds confidence in the subject matter.

6. **Seeking Help:** When facing challenges, successful students aren't afraid to seek help
from teachers, classmates, or tutors to clarify doubts and strengthen their understanding.

7. **Effective Study Environment:** Having a conducive study environment, free from

distractions, can boost concentration and learning efficiency.

8. **Setting Realistic Goals:** Top performers set achievable and measurable goals, breaking
larger tasks into smaller, manageable ones.

9. **Balanced Approach:** While focusing on academics, it's essential to maintain a healthy

balance by incorporating physical activities, hobbies, and social interactions.

10. **Adaptability:** Flexibility and adaptability are crucial traits. Top students are open to
adjusting their strategies and seeking new approaches if they encounter challenges.

It's important to note that success in academics is multifaceted and varies based on individual
circumstances, learning styles, and goals. Different students might follow diverse approaches
that suit their strengths and preferences. Achieving top grades requires a combination of
dedication, hard work, effective study techniques, and a growth mindset to continually improve
and learn from experiences.
 7. Observe the mystery, heuristics and algorithms at play behind the design of an electric
toothbrush. Wrote a note on the same.

Designing an electric toothbrush involves a blend of mystery, heuristics, and algorithms to create a
user-friendly, efficient, and effective product. Here's a note on how these elements come into play:

1. **Mystery:**
- Understanding User Needs: Designers delve into the mystery of user preferences and dental
requirements. They conduct research to grasp what users expect from an electric toothbrush - whether
it's better plaque removal, gum care, sensitive teeth, or a combination of features.
- User Experience (UX): The mystery of user experience plays a vital role. Designers explore how to
make the toothbrush intuitive, comfortable to hold, and easy to operate. They consider aspects like
button placement, ergonomics, and the feel of vibrations during brushing.

2. **Heuristics:**
- Simplifying Interaction: Heuristics help simplify user interactions. Designers follow established
patterns and principles to ensure that users can operate the toothbrush with minimal effort. For
example, single-button controls and mode indicators use heuristics to facilitate ease of use.
- Feedback Mechanisms: Implementing visual or haptic feedback during brushing follows heuristics
to communicate brushing time, pressure, or battery status without the need for complex displays or
controls.

3. **Algorithms:**
- Brushing Modes: Algorithms are employed to create different brushing modes, such as regular,
sensitive, gum care, and whitening. These algorithms govern the speed and motion of the brush head to
optimize brushing for specific needs.
- Pressure Sensors: Smart electric toothbrushes utilize algorithms to detect excessive pressure applied
during brushing, which can damage teeth and gums. When excessive pressure is detected, the
toothbrush may reduce the motor speed or alert the user through feedback.
- Timer and Pacing: Algorithms control the built-in timer to ensure users brush for the recommended
duration. Some toothbrushes also employ pacing algorithms to prompt users to move to different
sections of the mouth for even brushing.

In conclusion, the design of an electric toothbrush involves solving the mystery of user needs,
providing an intuitive and user-friendly experience through heuristics, and employing algorithms to
optimize brushing modes, pressure sensing, and timers. Through this combination, designers create an
efficient and effective electric toothbrush that helps users maintain optimal dental hygiene.