Digital Substation

The Nordic Workshop in Power System Protection and Control

Eivind Norum
Trondheim, 23.5.2017
 Topics

• Todays computerbased solution

• Digital substation
What is it?
Key Aspects

• R&D project
The project team
Why digital substation in Statnett?
Challenges in new technology

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 Eivind Norum
• M.Sc from NTNU Electric power
systems (Energi og miljø)
• Trainee in Statnett since august
2016
• Focus areas: Fault analysis,
power system protection and
control
• Currently working in the Digital
Substation (DSAS) R&D project

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 The R&D unit in Statnett
• Strategic tool to find a way for future corporate strategies
• Focus on improving safety, cost and time efficiency
• Estimated 861 million Euro in potential saving last 10 years
• Working with all parts of Statnett’s organization. Involving 130
people (2016) to ensure right focus and easy implementation of new
solutions and technology

Some of our projects and focus areas:

Voltage Probabilistic Full digital Environment Next generation Machine learning Composite Pre-fabricated
upgrading security of supply substation & Society control center for system towers steel foundation
unbalances

The future is electric www.statnett.no/en/Sustainability/RandD/

 Colleagues in the digital substation project

+ other internal resources from

Drift og marked, IKT og
Teknologi og utvikling

Rannveig Løken – Nargis Hurzuk –

Project manager Project engineer

We are Building important competence

for the future digital grid
The future is electric
 Projects partners

The future is electric

 Why digital substaion?
• HSE
• Cost
• Time
• Functionality

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 Project progress

September 2017

Installation of pilot

January 2018

Business case

2019

Input to new substation design

The future is electric

 Some of the project objectives
• Gain experience from operation of digital substation pilot
• Develop next generation control system
• Develop collaboration between disciplines such as ICT and power engineering
• Develop competence
• Verify maturity of technology

The future is electric

 Today's computer based solution in Statnett

Dispatch center
Remote Access

GPS

Control room
HMI Gateway

Timesync.
Stationbus IEC 61850-8-1

Switch
Fiberoptic ring

IED

Primary
component

The future is electric

 Major Leap in communication design

Conventional design:

App. 800 power & signal

conductors
- from bay to control room

Prosess bus: Maximum footprint

reduction potential (Ring structure):

7 powercables & fibers

- from bay to control room

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 What is the essential of a digital substaion?
• All measuring is digitized in or close to
the primary equipment in the bay – Sampled measured values (SMV)
• All breaker control commands and signals to/from the bay is digitized with
process bus based on IEC 61850-9-2 - GOOSE

The future is electric

 Digital substaion with process bus
Dispatch center
Remote acess

GPS

Control room
Timesync. 1 Gateway Timesync. 2
HMI

Switch Stationbus
IEC 61850-8-1 Fiberoptic ring

IED

Processbus
IEC 61850-9-2

Bay cabinet

Switch-gear
control unit
(SCU)

Primary
components

The future is electric

 Simplified section of conventional and digital station

Conventional
Substation

Possiblity for more

compact controlsystem
Reduction in usage
of oil/Compact

Reduction in substation
Digital substation Reduction in usage of copper footprint

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 Digital Substaion pilot

The future is electric

 Digital Substaion pilot – some key aspects
• Protection and Control IEDs without Input transformers, low-pass filter, converter and binary
I/O-compact
• Elimination of CT secondary circuits with NCIT
• Protection and control for more than line in one IED/protection relay

The future is electric

 Process bus in digital substaion pilot
• Critical signals are digital
• GOOSE and sampled meassured (SMV) using IEC protocol 61850
• VLAN
• Time synchronization – PTP
• Redundancy - PRP
• IT security

The future is electric

 Optical current transformer-NCIT

HSE:
Elimination of secondary
HV-part current circuit

Optical sensor – faraday

Sensorhead effect

Free of magnetic
Fibre saturations effects

Lower weight -transport

Insulator Reduction in in usage of oil
and gas- 80%

Reduced substation
Fundament footprints

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 Merging Unit(MU)

From Optical/Analog to IEC 61850-9-2 (process bus)

Stand Alone Merging Unit(SAMU)

From Analog to IEC 61850-9-2 (process bus)

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 IEDs in the pilot (PCU1)
• Protection and control unit
• Distance protection for 2 lines
• Bay control unit (Objektmaskin) for 2 lines
• Autoreclosure (IKA) for 2 lines
• Fault and disturbance recorder for 2 lines
• All functions in one IED
• Based on 7SA87 -Siemens

The future is electric

 IEDs in the pilot (PCU2)
• Based on SPRECON supplied by
Jacobsen Electro/Sprecher Automation
• Industry based LINUX computer hardware
instead of supplier IED
• Distance protection for 2 lines
• Bay control unit (Objektmaskin) for 2 lines
• Autoreclosure (IKA) for 2 lines
• Fault and disturbance recorder for 2 lines
• All functions in one IED

The future is electric

 IEDs in the pilot (PCU3)
• Protection and control unit (PCU)
• Distance protection for 2 lines
• Fault and disturbance recorder for 2 lines
• Phasor measurement unit (PMU)
• Based on REL670 from ABB
• All functions in one IED

The future is electric

 Pdiff. -DANEO 400
• Continuous comparison of currents
from conventional and optical power
measurement
• Fault and disturbance recorder

SCU- Switchgear Control Unit

• I/O for converting analog values to IEC 61850 telegrams
• I/O for converting IEC 61850 telegrams to analog values
• Fault and disturbance recorder

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 Publications
• NEF teknisk møte (may 2017)
• PAC world (june 2017)
• Cigre (august 2018)

The future is electric

 Expected benifits
• Improved personal safety
• Reduction in cost connected to copper cables
• Reduction in cost for IEDs through omission of analog measuring inputs and binary I / O
• Takes less space both indoors and outdoors
• Reduced time required to build and test facility
• Greater degree of self-monitoring that provide better quality of utility
• Easier data retrieval from the primary facility for maintenance purposes
• Improved ability to perform remote access / remote diagnostics providing reduced operating
costs
• Reduced electromagnetic interference due to transition to the fiber optic connectors

The future is electric

 Some challanges
• Regulatory Compliance – Accredited measurement circuit control, EMP protection and
demands for redundancy/duplication
• Climatic conditions / life of IEDs in the field, working out in the field
• Commercial availability of components (NCVT)
• Properties in protective function entrusted to NCIT?
• Interoperability between components of different vendors
• ICT security and control of accesses
• Competence building - Organization change
• Time synchonisation for SMV is crucial

The future is electric

 Control system in digital substation – step 1 and 2
• Substation control system today

• Digital substation Step 1 – Greater degree of integration –This R&D project

• Digital substation Step 2 –Greater degree of integration –Future?

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 Questions?

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 Thank you for your
attention!

The future is electric

(and digital)

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