INTRODUCTION

Praise be to Allâh (S.W.T.)  from Whom we ask help and pardon, and in Whom we take refuge from the
evils within ourselves.  Verily, whoever Allâh guides has no one who can lead him astray, and he whom
He leads astray has no one to guide him. We testify that there is no god but Allâh, and we testify that
Muhammad is His servant and Messenger.

From the Islâmic viewpoint, effective public speaking is the art and process of conveying the message of
Islâm (to others) with certain knowledge, wisdom and beautiful preaching for the pleasure of Allâh
(S.W.T.)  subhanahu wa ta’ala (the Exalted).  Allâh, the Almighty, says:

“Obey Allâh and obey the Messenger and beware (of evil): if you do turn back, know you that it is Our
Messenger’s duty to convey (the Message) in the clearest manner.”  (Qur‘an 5:92)

“Say (O Muhammad): ‘This is my Way; I do invite unto Allâh with a certain knowledge.  And whoever
follows me (must also invite others to Allâh, Oneness of Allâh with sure knowledge). Glory to Allâh!  And
I am not of the polytheists.’”  (Qur‘an 12: 108)

“Invite (all) to the Way of your Rabb with wisdom and beautiful preaching; and argue with them in ways
that are best and most gracious: for your Rabb knows best, who have strayed from His Path, and who
receive guidance.”  (Qur‘an 16:125)

“Who is better in speech than one who calls (men) to Allâh, works righteousness, and says, `I am of
those who bow in Islâm?’”  (Qur‘an 41:33)

From the above divine injunctions, we derive the following criteria of effective public speaking:

· First, public speaking must be one that pleases Allâh the Almighty (i.e., according to the Qur’ân and the
Way/Sunnah of Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, meaning: May the peace and
blessings of Allah be upon him) and therefore deserves His reward. 

· Second, it must be done sincerely for the sole pleasure of Allâh (S.W.T.).

·  Third, it is effective because it invites or calls people to Islâm.

·  Fourth, it is done with certain knowledge, wisdom and beautiful preaching.

·  Fifth, the public speaker must be Muslim or righteous believers.

Note that public speaking which does not meet the above criteria is not considered effective from the
Islâmic point of view.  Thus, no matter how eloquent a speaker is, no matter how interesting his speech
and no matter how people show their applause for his performance, the speech is considered a failure. 
If the speaker learns excellence of speech just to gain fame and popularity instead of pleasing Allâh
(S.W.T.); and if he speaks nothing but forged speech instead of the Qur’ân and the authentic Ahâdîth,
the speaker gains nothing but punishment in the life Hereafter.    Allâh (S.W.T.)  says:

“There is the type of man whose speech about this world’s life may dazzle you and he calls Allâh to
witness about what is in his heart; yet is he the most contentious of enemies. When he turns his back his
aim everywhere is to spread mischief through the earth and destroy crops and cattle.  But Allâh loves
not mischief.  When it is said to him ‘Fear Allâh’ he is led by arrogance to (more) crime.  Enough for him
is Hell; an evil bed indeed (to lie on)!”   (Qur‘an 2: 204-206)

In line with the above Qur’ânic Ayâh (Verse) our Messenger (s.a.w.s.) made it very clear that learning the
art of  speaking just to get the attention and praise of the public is a sin.  The same holds true in talking
forged and/or evil speeches in the public.  Let us take admonitions in the following Ahâdîth:

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) (radhi Allahu anhu, meaning: May Allah be pleased with him.) narrated that the
Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said: “On the Day of resurrection Allâh will not accept repentance or ransom from him
who learns excellence of speech to captivate thereby the hearts of men, or of people.”   (Abu Dawud
4988)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated  that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said, “Whoever does not give up forged speech
and evil actions, Allâh is  not in need of his leaving his food and drink (i.e. Allâh will not accept his
fasting.)”  (Bukhâri 3/127)

Malik (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said, “Who believes in Allâh and the Last Day should talk
what is good or keep quiet. (i.e., abstain from dirty and evil talk, and should think before uttering).” 
(Bukhâri  8/157)

Authentic knowledge of Islâm and effective public speaking are taken as inseparable concepts in Islâm. 
Muslims who want to earn Allâh’s pleasure and eternal reward must strive to have authentic knowledge
of Islâm and be effective public speakers based on the Qur’ân and the Sunnah.  Total personality
development in Islâm includes knowledge of the Qur’ân and the authentic Sunnah (and or Ahâdîth) and
effective public speaking. Effective public speaking requires that we must have authentic knowledge of
Islâm so that we become  righteous and that we practice what we say.  Allâh (S.W.T.)  says:

“Do you enjoin right conduct on the people, and forget (to practice it) yourselves, and yet you study the
scripture? Will you not understand?”  (Qur‘an 2: 44)

“O you who believe! Why say you that which you do not? Grievously hateful is it in the sight of Allâh that
you say that which you do not.”  (Qur‘an 61: 2-3)

We Muslims must follow Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) who has the best personality and who calls people
to Islâm.  We must follow the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) because by doing so, we please Allâh (S.W.T.)  and earn
His ultimate reward. We must work hard to follow the Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  whose mission is to convey the
Message of Islâm.  Let us help one another in enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong.  The
Almighty not only praises those Muslims (men and women) who enjoin what is right and forbid what is
wrong but also promises His Mercy to them:

“You are the best of peoples, evolved for mankind.  You enjoin what is right, forbid what is wrong, and
believe in Allâh...”   (Qur‘an 3:110)

“The Believers, men and women, are protectors, one to another. They enjoin what is just, and forbid
what is evil.  They observe regular prayers, pay zakat and obey Allâh and His Messenger.  On them will
Allâh pour His mercy: for Allâh is  Exalted in power, Wise.”  (Qur‘an 9:71)

Certainly, it is righteousness to have ample knowledge of Islâm and be effective public speakers based
on the Qur’ân and the Sunnah by enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong.  We Muslims
must work for righteous deeds especially through effective speeches in conveying the Message of Islâm
so that we will be among those righteous believers Allâh (S.W.T.)  will admit in Paradise:

“Truly, Allâh will admit those who believe and work righteous deeds, to Gardens beneath which rivers
flow. They shall be adorned therein with bracelets of gold and pearls; and their garments there will be of
silk. For they have been guided (in this life) to the purest of speeches; they have been guided to the Path
of Him Who is Worthy of (all) Praise.” (22:23-24)
Let us show our love and devotion to Allâh (S.W.T.)  and earn His ultimate reward by following His
Messenger (s.a.w.s.). We must remember that one way by which we show love to our Creator is by
following the Prophet (s.a.w.s.).  Allâh (S.W.T.)  tells us:

“Say: ‘If you do love Allâh follow me: Allâh will love you and forgive you your sins for Allâh is Oft-
Forgiving Most Merciful.’"  (Qur‘an 3:31)

Let us follow the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) in conveying Islâm to others, as it is his very Sunnah.  To do this, we
must have first of all the correct knowledge of Islâm.  This is not only essential but also a divine
commandment from Allâh (S.W.T.),  which we must do.   The Most High says:

“Say (O Muhammad): ‘This is my Way; I do invite unto Allâh with a certain knowledge.  And whoever
follows me (must also invite others to Allâh, Oneness of Allâh with sure knowledge). Glory to Allâh!  And
I am not of the polytheists.’”  (12: 108)

The above injunction implies that to be successful in our Da’wah, we must have the correct knowledge
of the Qur’ân and the Sunnah.  These divine sources of knowledge develop us to have firm and sincere
belief in  Allâh (S.W.T.), His Book (the Qur’ân), in His Messenger (s.a.w.s.) and in Islâm as a whole  and be
able to do righteous deeds  for the pleasure of the Almighty.   In this way, we attain the ultimate success
that Allâh the Exalted promises to the Muslim believers:

“But those who believe and do deeds of righteousness, We shall soon admit them to Gardens, with
rivers flowing beneath, to dwell therein forever.  Allâh’s promise is the truth, and whose word can be
truer than Allâh’s?”   (Qur‘an 4:122)

“The believers, men and women, are protectors one of another: they enjoin what is just and forbid what
is evil: they observe regular prayers practice regular charity and obey Allâh and His Messenger.  On them
will Allâh pour His mercy: for Allâh  is Exalted in power Wise. Allâh has promised the believers, men and
women, gardens under which rivers flow to dwell therein and beautiful mansions in gardens of
everlasting bliss.  But the greatest bliss is the Good Pleasure of Allâh: that is the supreme success.”
(Qur‘an 9:71-72)
 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE PUBLIC SPEAKING IN ISLAM

The Qur’ân and the Sunnah give us absolutely practical principles on how to become effective public
speakers for the pleasure of Allâh the Almighty. The following are the Qur’ânic Ayât and the authentic
Ahâdîth  on effective public speaking:

1. Sincerely intend to dedicate your speech to Allâh so that He will accept it as a good deed, worthy of
supreme rewards especially in the Life Hereafter: 

“And they have been commanded no more than this: to worship Allâh, offering Him sincere devotion,
being True  (in Faith); establish regular prayer; and to give Zakat. And that is the Religion Right and
Straight.”  (Qur‘an 98:5)

‘Umar ibn Al-Khattab (r.a.) said: I heard Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) saying, “The reward of deeds
depends upon the intentions and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended.
Thus he whose migration was for Allâh and His Messenger (s.a.w.s.), his migration had been for Allâh
and His Messenger (s.a.w.s.), and he whose migration was to achieve some worldly benefit or take some
woman in marriage, his migration had been for that for which he migrated.” (Bukhâri 1/1 and Muslim 3/
4692)

2. Pray and aspire for knowledge, wisdom and eloquent speech:

Allâh (s.w.t.) is the One who gives knowledge (12:22, 17:107, 18:65 and 58:11), wisdom (2: 269 and
38:20) and eloquent speech (41:21 and 55:4) to whom He pleases. We should pray to Him for
knowledge, wisdom and eloquent speech so we can effectively convey Islâm to others. The Prophet
(s.a.w.s.)  stresses the effect of eloquent speech in influencing people when he compares it to magic:

‘Abdullah Ibn Umar (r.a.) narrated that two men came from the East and addressed the people who
wondered at their eloquent speeches. On that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “Some eloquent speech
is as effective as magic.”  (Bukhâri  7/662)

As much as possible we must aspire for effective public speaking or eloquent speech.  We should
remember that by His Will, His Messengers, especially Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.s.), and other Muslim
Du‘ât succeeded in conveying Islâm:
“Truly, Allâh will admit those who believe and work righteous deeds, to Gardens beneath which rivers
flow. They shall be adorned therein with bracelets of gold and pearls; and their garments there will be of
silk. For they have been guided (in this life) to the purest of speeches; they have been guided to the Path
of Him Who is Worthy of (all) Praise.” (Qur‘an 22:23-24)

Abû Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said, “I have been given the keys of eloquent
speech and given victory with awe (cast into the hearts of the enemy)...” (Bukhâri 9/127)

In our invocations especially in the Tahajjud  (midnight) prayers and before our public speaking we
should include the following supplications:  

“Rabbiy zidni ilma.”   (“O My Rabb (Cherisher and Sustainer)! Increase me in Knowledge.” ) (Qur‘an
20:114)

“...Rabbi ishrahliy ssadriy wa yasirliy amriy, wahlol ‘uqdattammin llisaaniy, yafqahu qawliy.” (“...O my
Rabb! Expand me my breast. Ease My task for me; and remove the impediment from my speech, so they
may understand what I say.”) (Qur‘an 20:25-28)

“Rabbi habli hukmaw walhiqniy bissaalihiyn, waj-‘aliy lisana ssidqin fiyl akhirin, waj-‘alniy miw warathati
jannatin na‘im.” (“O my Rabb (Cherisher and Sustainer)! Bestow wisdom on me, and join me with the
righteous; grant me honorable mention on the tongue of truth among the latest (generations); and
make me one of the inheritors of the Garden of Bliss.”)   (Qur’an, Ash-Shu‘araa  26:83-85)

Umm Salamah narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  used to say after the dawn prayer, “Allahuma iniy
nas-aluka ilman nafian, ‘amalan mutakabalan wa rizkan tayyiban.” (“O Allâh, I ask  You for beneficial
knowledge, acceptable action, and good provision.”)  (Tirmidhî 2487, Ahmad and  Ibn Mâjah)

Note that when we supplicate during our prayers, we should do it Arabic.  This is the Sunnah, which we
need to follow for our prayers (and hence, invocations) to be accepted. 

We need to see to it that Allah the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful will accept our invocations for
effective public speaking.  When Allâh blesses us by His Grace with a developed personality, gifted with
knowledge, wisdom and eloquence of speech we can easily convey Islâm to the non-Muslims, who will,
Insha Allâh, accept our invitation.
3. Plan and prepare what to say and how to say it.

Effective public speaking requires effective planning and preparation.  We should never deliver public
speech hastily.  We have to plan it with great deliberation and care:

Abdullah Bin Sarjis (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said,  “A good manner of conduct,
deliberation and moderation are a twenty-fourth part of prophecy.”    (Tirmidhî 5059)

Al Wazi bin Zari’ (r.a.) narrated that “…The Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said to him (al-Mundhir al-Ashajj): “You
have two characteristics which Allâh likes: gentleness and deliberation.”  He asked, Have I acquired them
or has Allâh created (them in) my nature?  He replied, No, Allâh has created (them) in your nature.  He
then said: “Praise be to Allâh Who has created in my nature two characteristics which Allâh and His
Messenger like.”   (Abu Dawud 5206)

As speakers, we need more time to plan out what to say and how to deliver our speech/lecture.  We
must see to it that we organize our speech in scholarly manner by quoting relevant sources especially
from the Qur’ân and the Sunnah.  We have to let the words of Allâh (s.w.t)  and His Messenger
(s.a.w.s.) strike the hearts and minds of the audience.  We must organize our speech in such a way that
the audience will find it interesting as it gives guidance, glad tidings/inspirations and/or admonitions to
them. This is in accordance with the Sunnah of the Prophet (s.a.w.s.):

“... and We sent you (O Muhammad) but to give Glad Tidings (to the Believers) and to warn (sinners).”
(Qur‘an 17:105)

 “... Yet you (O Muhammad) were sent as a Mercy from your Rabb to give warning to a people to whom
no Warner had come before you in order that they may receive admonition.”  (Qur‘an 28:46)

After the organization, see to it that you will have a good mastery of the subject matter.  Read, study or
remember what to say so that you will speak with confidence before the audience.  Indeed, it is
imperative for us to plan but we have to acknowledge that Allâh is the best of planners (3:54 and 8:30).
Thus, we have to pray for His help to bless our plan because “when He has decreed a plan He but only
say ‘Be’ and it is!” (3:47) and that, He does command according to His Will and plan (Qur‘an 5:1).

4. Have a good pleasing personality by being neat and wearing modest cloth that is appropriate for the
occasion:
“O children of Adam!  Wear your beautiful apparel at every time and place of prayer: eat and drink: but
waste not by excess, for Allâh loves not the wasters.”  (7:31)

Abdullah ibn Abbas (r.a.) narrated that when the Haruriyyah made a revolt, I came to Ali (r.a.).   He (r.a.)
said: “Go to these people. I then put on the best suit of the Yemen.” Abu Zumayl (a transmitter) said:
“Ibn Abbas was handsome and of imposing countenance.”  Ibn Abbas (r.a.)  said: “I then came to them
and they said: ‘Welcome to you, Ibn Abbas! What is this suit of clothes?’” I said: “Why are you objecting
to me? I saw over the Messenger of Allâh the best suit of clothes.”   (Abu Dawud, 4026)

Jabir ibn Abdullah (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  paid visit to us, and saw a disheveled
man whose hair was disordered. He said: “Could this man not find something to make his hair lie down?
He saw another man wearing dirty clothes and said: Could this man not find something to wash his
garments with?”  (Abu Dawud, 4051, Tirmidhî 4351, Ahmad and Nasa‘i)

Sahl Ibn al-Hanzaliyyah (r.a.)....narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)   said: “You are coming to your
brethren; so tidy your mounts and tidy your dress, until you are like a mole among the people. Allâh
does not like obscene words or deeds, or do intentional committing of obscenity.”  (Abu Dawud, 4078)

Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-‘As (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Eat, drink, give
sadaqah and wear clothes so long as neither prodigality nor pride is mixed up with it.”   (Tirmidhî 4381,
Ahmad, Nasa‘i and Ibn Mâjah)

5. Start your speech with the mention of Allâh’s Name and Glory.

We should remember Allâh (s.w.t.)  by praising Him before, during and after our Da’wah/public speech.  
This will make us more closer to Him and thus, be successful in our public speech.  It is Sunnah to start
our lecture/speech with praises to Allâh (s.w.t.)  as narrated in the following Hâdîth:

Abdullah Bin Mas`ud (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  taught us the address in case of
some need: “Innal hamdalillahi ta’alaa nahmaduho, wa nasta’yno bihi, wa nastaghfiruh, wa na’udo
billahi ta’ala min shoroori anfosinaa, wa sayhaati a’malinaa may yahdihillahi ta’ala falaa modhillah, wa
may yudhlil falaa hadii yalah, wa ashadu al laillaha ila Allah wahdahu laa shariikalah. Wa ashadu ana
Muhammad ‘abduhu wa rasuluh...” (“Praise be to Allâh from Whom we ask help and pardon, and in
Whom we take refuge from the evils within ourselves. He whom Allâh guides has no one who can lead
him astray, and he whom He leads astray has no one to guide him. I testify that there is no god but
Allâh, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger...”)     (Abû Dâwûd  2113)

Or you may start your talk with the following brief praise and invocation for peace to the Prophet
(s.a.w.s.):

“Al-Hamdulillahi Rabbul ‘Aalameen, wa Salaatu was Salaamu ‘ala Nabeeyyina Muhammad, wa ‘alaa
aalihi wa Sahbihi, wa man taba‘a Sunnatihi ilaa Yawmiddeen.”   (All Praise be to Allah, the Rabb
(Cherisher and Sustainer) of the Worlds, and Blessings and Peace upon our Prophet, Muhammad, and
upon his family and his Companions, and whoever follows his Sunnah, till the Day of Judgement.”

The following Ahâdîth are admonitions to those who do not remember Allâh (s.w.t.)  before starting
their public speech:

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said: “People who get up from an assembly in
which they did not remember Allâh will be just as if they had got up from an ass’s corpse, and it will be a
cause of grief to them.” (Abu Dawud 4837)

6. Speak with confidence.

We Muslims should have self-confidence in ourselves. As long as we know the subject matter in Islâm
that we are going to discuss with a certain degree of knowledge (in other words, we have the mastery of
subject matter);  and then turn to Allâh (s.w.t.), pray for His help, we can successfully convey the
message of Islâm to others. We should have trust in Allâh that by His Grace, we can speak with
confidence in public no matter how large the audience is. The following Qur’ânic verses should inspire us
to have self-confidence in ourselves:

 “You are the best of peoples, evolved for mankind. You enjoin what is right, forbid what is wrong, and
believe in Allâh...” (Qur‘an 3:110)

 “Who is better in speech than one who calls (men) to Allâh, works righteousness, and says, ‘I am of
those who bow in Islâm (i.e. Muslims)?” (Qur‘an 41:33)
7. Speak with certain knowledge. Be scholarly in your talk by giving proofs from the Qur’ân and
authentic Ahâdîth:

Tariq (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “The best talk is Allâh’s Book (Qur’ân), and the best
guidance is the guidance of Muhammad.”  (Bukhâri  8/120)

Abdullah (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “The best talk (speech) is Allâh’s Book
(Qur’ân) and the best way is the way of Muhammad. And the worst matters are the heresies (those new
things which are introduced into the religion). And whatever you have been promised will surely come
to pass, and you cannot escape (it).” (Bukhâri  9/382)

Abdullah bin Mas‘ud (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Do not wish to be like
anybody except in two cases: The case of a man whom Allâh has given wealth and he spends it in the
right way;  and that of a man whom Allâh has given religious wisdom (i.e., Qur’ân and Sunnah) and he
gives his verdicts according to it and teaches it. (to others i.e., religious knowledge of Qur’ân and the
Sunnah).”  (Bukhâri  1/73, 9/419 and 9/255)

‘Abdullâh ibn ‘Amr (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Knowledge consists of three
things: the decisive Verses (Qur’ân), authentic Ahâdîth and prescriptions rightly deduced from the two.
What is beside them is superfluous.” (Ibn Mâjah 1/54)

‘Abdullâh ibn Amir ibn Al-As (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Knowledge has three
categories; anything else is extra; a precise Verse, or an established Sunnah (practice), or a firm
obligatory duty.”   (Abu Dawud 2879)

8. Always speak the Truth and refrain from falsehood or lies:

“And he who brings the Truth and he who confirms (and supports) it—such are the men who do right. 
They shall have all that they wish for, with their Rabb.  Such is the reward of those who do good: so that
Allâh will remit from them (even)  the worst  in  their  deeds and give them their reward according to the
best of what they have done.” (Qur‘an 39:33-35)

 “That Allâh may reward the people of Truth for their Truth, and punish the Hypocrites if He wills, or turn
to them in Mercy; for Allâh is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.”  (Qur‘an 33:24)
“Shall I inform you (o people) on whom it is that the evil ones descend? They descend on every lying
wicked person (into whose ears) they pour hearsay vanities and most of them are liars.”  (Qur‘an
26:221-223)

“O you who believe!  Keep your duty to Allâh and fear Him, and speak (always) the Truth, He will direct
you to do righteous good deeds and will forgive you your sins.  And whosoever obeys Allâh and His
Messenger, he has indeed achieved a great success.” (Qur‘an 33:70-71)

Kuraym ibn Fâtik (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  offered the Fajr (early morning) prayer.
When he finished it, he stood up and said three times: “False witness has been made equivalent to
attributing a partner to Allâh.” He then recited: “So avoid the abomination of idols and avoid speaking
falsehood as people pure of faith to Allâh, not associating anything with Him.”   (Abû Daud  3592)

Abû Umamah Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqâs (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “A believer is
stamped with all the characteristics except treachery and falsehood.”  (Tirmidhî  4860 and Ahmad)

‘Abdullâh ibn ‘Amr (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “If you have four characteristics,
whatever worldly advantage passes you by does not matter to you: keeping a trust, speaking the truth, a
good character, and abstemiousness in food.”  (Tirmidhî  5222, Ahmad and Bayhaqi)

‘Abdur Rahman ibn Abi Qurad (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  performed ablution one day
and his Companions began to wipe themselves with the water he had used.  The  Prophet (s.a.w.s.) 
asked them what induced them to do that.  And when they replied that it was love for Allâh and His
Messenger, he r said, “If anyone is pleased to love Allâh and His Messenger, or rather to have Allâh and
His Messenger love him, he should speak the truth when he tells anything; fulfill his trust when he is put
in a position of trust; and be a good neighbor.”  (Tirmidhî  4990 and Bayhaqi)

Abû Dharr (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “He has been successful whose heart
Allâh has made sincere towards faith, whose heart He has made free from unbelief, his tongue truthful,
his soul calm, his nature straight, whose ear He has made attentive and his eye observant. The ear is a
funnel and the eye is a repository for what the heart learns. He is successful whose heart is made
retentive. ”   (Tirmidhî 5200, Ahmad and Bayhaqi)

Ubadah ibn as-Samit (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “If you guarantee me six things on
your part I shall guarantee you Paradise. Speak the truth when you talk, keep a promise when you make
it, when you are trusted with something fulfill your trust, avoid sexual immorality, lower your eyes, and
restrain your hands from injustice.”  (Tirmidhî 4870, Ahmad and Bayhaqi)
9. Be friendly in your approach:

Abû Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said, “A believer is friendly, and there is no good
in one who is neither friendly nor is treated in a friendly way.” (Tirmidhî  4995 and Ahmad)

‘Âishah  narrated that a man asked permission to see the Prophet (s.a.w.s.), and the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.) 
said, “He is a bad member of the tribe.” When he entered, Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  treated in a
frank and friendly way and spoke to him. When he departed, I said, “Allâh’s Messenger! When he asked
permission, you said, “He is a bad member of the tribe; but when he entered, you treated him in a frank
and friendly way.” Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  replied, “Âishah! Allâh does not like the one who is
unseemly and lewd in his language.”  (Abû Dâwûd  4774)

Yazîd bin Na‘mah (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “When a man makes another his
brother, he should ask him his name, his father’s name and the stock from which he comes, for it binds
friendship more closely.” (Tirmidhî 5020)

10. In the course of your talk, always remember Allâh (s.w.t.) the Almighty.  Mention His Name and
praise Him:

“Then do you remember Me, I will remember you.  Be grateful to Me and reject not faith.”  (2:152)

Abu Musa (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “The example of the one who celebrates the
Praises of his Rabb (Allâh) in comparison to the one who does not celebrate the Praises of his Rabb, is
that of a living creature compared to a dead one.”   (Bukhâri  8/416)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Allâh will give shade to seven (types of
people) under His Shade (on the Day of Resurrection).  One of them will be a person who remembers
Allâh and his eyes are then flooded with tears.”   (Bukhâri  8/486)

“Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  as saying that “Allâh, the Exalted and
Glorious, says: `I am near to the thought of My servant as he thinks about Me, and I am with him as he
remembers Me.  And if he remembers Me in his heart, I also remember him in My Heart.  And if he
remembers Me in assembly I remember him in assembly, better than his (remembrance).  And if he
draws near Me by the span of a palm, I draw near him by the cubit, and if he draws near Me by the cubit
I draw near him by the space (covered by) two hands.  And if he walks towards Me, I rush towards
him.’”  (Muslim 4/ 6471)

Samurah Bin Jundab (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “The most beloved words to
Allâh are the following four phrases, SubhanAllâh,  Alhamdu lillah,  La_ ila ha illa Allâh,  Allâhu Akbar.
(Glory be to Allâh, All Praises be to Allâh. There is no deity but Allâh, Allâh’s the greatest.)... it does not
matter which of them you start with.”    (Muslim 5329)

Abdullah ibn Umar (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Do not speak much without
mentioning Allâh, for much talk without mention of Allâh produces hardness of heart, and the one who
is farthest from Allâh is he who has a hard heart.” (Tirmidhî  2274)

11.  Every time you mention the Prophet’s  name, invoke salam to him.

It is a must that every time we hear the Prophet’s name, we should say: (s.a.w.s.) “Salâllâhu ‘alayhi
wasalam” (“May the peace and blessings of Allâh be upon him.”). Allâh, the Exalted, commands:

“Verily, Allâh sends blessings upon the Prophet, and His angels ask Allâh to bless him.  O you who have
believed, ask Allâh to send blessings upon him, and (you) greet him with peace.”  (Qur‘an 33:56)

The following Ahâdîth  should inspire us to supplicate to Allâh to send peace and blessings to His
Messenger (s.a.w.s.):

Abdullah Bin Amr Bin Al As (r.a.) narrated: Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “ When you hear the
Mu‘adhdhin, repeat what he says.  Then invoke a blessing on me, for everyone who invokes a blessing
on me will receive ten blessings from Allâh.  Then beg from Allâh al-Wasilah for me, which is a rank in
Paradise fitting for only one of Allâh’s Servants, and I hope that I may be that one. If anyone who asks
that I be given the Wasilah, he will be assured of my intercession.”  (Muslim 747)

Abu Humaid As -Saidi (r.a.) narrated that the people asked, “O Allâh’s Messenger! How shall we (ask
Allâh to) send blessings on you?" Allâh’s Messenger replied, “Say: Allâhumma salli `ala Muhammadin wa
azwajihi wa dhurriyatihi kama sallaita `ala Ali Ibrahima wa barik `ala Muhammadin wa azwajihi wa
dhurriyatihi kama barakta `ala Ali-Ibrahima, innaka Hamidun Majid (O Allâh! Send Your Mercy on
Muhammad and on his wives and on his offspring, as You sent Your Mercy on Abraham’s family; and
send Your Blessings on Muhammad and on his offspring, as You sent Your Blessings on Abraham’s
family, for You are the Most Praiseworthy, the Most Glorious)”  (Bukhâri  4/588)

Anas Bin Malik (r.a.) narrated: Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said,  “He who invokes one blessings upon
me, Allâh will shower ten blessings upon him and obliterate ten (of his) sins and elevate him by ten
ranks.” (Tirmidhî  922 and Nasa‘i)

Abdullah Bin Amr (r.a.) narrated: He who invokes blessings upon Allâh’s Messenger once, Allâh and His
Angels shower seventy blessings upon him.”  (Tirmidhî 935 and Ahmad)

12. Be humble in your speech and avoid boasting:

“For Muslim men and women,  for believing men and women,  for devout men and women, for true
men and women, for men and women who are patient and constant,  for men and women who humble
themselves, for men and women who give in charity, for men and women who fast (and deny
themselves),  for men and women who guard their chastity, and for men and women who engage much
in Allâh’s praise for them has Allâh prepared forgiveness and great reward.”  (Qur‘an 33:35)

Haritha bin Wahb (r.a.) narrated that according to Al-Khuzai the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Shall I inform
you about the people of Paradise? They comprise every obscure unimportant humble person, and if he
takes Allâh’s oath that he will do that thing, Allâh will fulfill his oath (by doing that). Shall I inform you
about the people of the Fire? They comprise every cruel, violent, proud and conceited person.” (Bukhâri 
8/97 and 8/651)

Iyad ibn Himar (al-Mujashi‘i) (r.a.)  narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said: “Allâh has revealed to me
that you must be humble, so that no one oppresses another and boasts over another.”  (Abû Dâwûd 
4877)

Jabir ibn Abdullah (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said: “On the Day of Judgment the dearest
and closest to me, as regards my company, will be those persons who will bear the best moral character.
Those among you, who talk with affectation and are given to boasting, will be the most repugnant to me
and farthest from me on the Day of Judgment. The Companions submitted: “O Messenger of Allâh!
What is meant by the word ‘Mutafayhiqun’"? The  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said: “Those given to boasting.” 
(Tirmidhî 631)
13.   Speak good words and do not insult:

 “O you who believe! Be not like those who hurt Moses but Allâh cleared him of the (calumnies) they
had uttered; and he was honorable in Allâh’s sight. O you who believe! Fear Allâh and (always) say a
word directed to the Right. That He may make your conduct whole and sound and forgive you your sins.
And whoever obeys Allâh and His Messenger has already attained a great achievement (Paradise).”
(Qur‘an 33:69-71)

‘Abdullâh bin ‘Amr (r.a.)  narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  neither talked in an insulting manner
nor did he ever speak evil intentionally. He used to say, “The most beloved to me amongst you is the
one who has the best character and manners.” (Bukhâri 5/104)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Anybody who believes in Allâh and
the Last Day should not harm his neighbor. Anybody who believes in Allâh and the Last Day should
entertain his guest generously. And anybody who believes in Allâh and the Last Day should talk what is
good or keep quiet (i.e. abstain from all kinds of evil and dirty talk).” (Bukhâri   8/47 and 8/482)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said, “Beware of suspicion (about others), as
suspicion is the falsest talk.  Do not spy upon each other, and do not listen to the evil talk of the people
about others‘ affairs.  And do not have enmity with one another, but be brothers...”  (Bukhâri  7/74)

Bilâl bin Al-Hârith (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “A man speaks a good word, not
realizing its worth, for which Allâh records for him His good pleasure till the day he meets Him. A man
also speaks an evil word not realizing its importance for which Allâh records for him His displeasure till
the day he meets Him.” (Tirmidhî 4833 and Ibn Mâjah)

Abdul Malik Al-Ash‘ari (r.a.) and Ali ibn AbuTalib (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said:
“There is in the Paradise an apartment, the exterior of which can be seen from its interior, and the
interior of which can be seen from its exterior. Such apartments have been prepared for those who are
polite in talk, provide food (to the needy), fast frequently and observe the Tahajjud prayer when the
people are asleep.”  (Tirmidhî 1232,  Ahmad, Bayhaqi transmitted it in Shu‘ab al-Iman. Tirmidhî
transmitted something similar from Ali. In his version the words are: He who is sweet in talk.)

Abdullâh bin Mas‘ûd (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “A believer does not taunt, curse,
abuse or talk indecently.”  (Tirmidhî 1740)
The following Hadîth shows how the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  used Hikmah by not insulting anyone or hurting
other’s feeling:

Anas bin Mâlik (r.a.) reported that a person said, “O Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)! Where is my father?”
He (s.a.w.s.) said, “(He) is in the Fire.” When he turned away, he (s.a.w.s.) called him and said, “Verily,
my father and your father are in the Fire.” (Muslim 1/398)

14.  Avoid useless talk, discussion, argumentation and debate:

“The Believers must (eventually) win through those who humble themselves in their prayers; who avoid
vain talk...”  (Qur‘an 23:1-3)

“And do not argue with the People of the Book (the Jews and the Christians) unless it be in a way that is
better, save with such of them as do wrong. But say (to them), ‘We believe in the Revelation which has
been sent down to us and in that which has been sent down to you. Our God and your God is One; and it
is to Him we submit (in Islâm).’” (Qur‘an 29:46)

“And (ask) of the Sinners:  ‘What led you into Hell-Fire?’ They will say: ‘We were not of those who
prayed, nor were we of those who fed the indigent; but we used to talk vanities with vain talkers; And
we used to deny the Day of Judgment until there came to us (the Hour) that is certain.’"   (Qur‘an 74:41-
47)

Abû ’Umâmah (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “No one who has once found the
right way, ever goes astray except through dispute.” Then Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  recited this
verse, “They set it forth to you only by way of disputation. Nay! But, they are contentious people
(43:58).” (Tirmidhî 180 and Ibn Mâjah)

Mughîrah bin Shu’bah (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “...Allâh has hated for you (1)
vain, useless talk, or that you talk too much about others, (2) to ask too many questions, (in disputed
religious matters) and (3) to waste the wealth (by extravagance).” (Bukhâri 3/591)

‘Abdullâh bin ‘Umar (r.a.) narrated, “I went to Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  in the morning and he heard
the voice of two persons who had an argument with each other about a verse. Allâh’s Messenger
(s.a.w.s.)  came to us (and) the (signs of) anger could be seen on his face. He said, “Verily, the (people)
before you were ruined because of their disputation in the Book.” (Muslim 6443)
Abû Namlah Al-Ansâri (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Whatever the People of the
Book tell you, do not verify them, nor falsify them, but say: ‘We believe in Allâh and His Messenger. If it
is false, do not confirm it, and if it is right, do not falsify it.’” (Abû Dâwûd  3637)

We should go for lectures and seminars where Muslims and non-Muslims are invited in a friendly
atmosphere. We should convey to the audience especially the non-Muslims  the Oneness of Allah.  They
must know that Allah is the Only True God of all mankind. He is our Creator and the Only One Who
guides people to Islam.  The best way to know Him is to read His Book, the glorious Qur’ân.  

The Qur’ân is the Only Book of Truth from Allâh (32:2-3; 22:54) that has been preserved in a Tablet or in
a Book well guarded (85:21-22). No one can ever change it (6:115). Allâh (s.w.t.)  has promised to
protect it from any form of human manipulation (15:9). The most varied and complete subjects of the
Qur’ân, beyond man’s ability to produce, makes it miraculously unique and inimitable. It is the only Book
wherein Allâh  instructs mankind to follow it for guidance (6:155; 39:18). Part of Allâh’s guidance is His
commandment to all mankind to obey His Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  (Qur’ân 47:33). 

The  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  is the best example for mankind to follow (33:21).  To be successful, we should
confine our topics and discussions on Islâmic teachings by making use of the Qur’ân and the Sunnah as
the Sources of Divine Truth. We should invite the non-Muslims to Islâm with beautiful preaching instead
of argumentation and debate. In this kind of presentation of Islâm or Da’wah, we allow the Angels,
instead of Satan (and his followers) to be surrounding us. They will be happy with us and help us pray to
Allâh (S.W.T.) that we succeed in our Da’wah.

15. Explain the meaning and excellence of Islâm: its rationality, completeness,  practicality, and other
excellent qualities in the most logical and simple way.  Always stress that indeed, Islâm is easy.

 “...Allâh (s.w.t.) ntends every facility for you; He does not want to put you to difficulties...”  (Qur‘an
2:185)

“But whoever believes and works righteousness he shall have a goodly reward and easy will be his task
as We order it by Our command.”  (Qur‘an 18:88) 

Anas bin Malik (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Make things easy for the people, and do
not make it difficult for them, and make them calm (with glad tidings) and do not repulse (them).”
(Bukhâri 8/146)
Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Religion is very easy and whoever
overburdens himself in his religion will not be able to continue in that way. So you should not be
extremists, but try to be near to perfection and receive the good tidings that you will be rewarded; and
gain strength by worshipping in the mornings, the nights.” (Bukhâri  1/38)

16. If the non-Muslims try to counter-argue by claiming that their religion also teaches the same or even
better, ask for concrete proof or evidence:

 “And they say: ‘None shall enter Paradise unless he be a Jew or a Christian.’ Those are their (vain)
desires. Say: ‘Produce your proof if you are truthful.’” (Qur‘an 2:111)

“...Say: ‘Produce the Torah and recite it, if you are truthful.’  If any, after this invent a lie and attribute it
to Allâh, they are indeed unjust wrong-doers.”  (Qur‘an 3:93-94)

“Or have they taken for worship (other) gods besides Him? Say: ‘Bring your convincing proof, this is the
Reminder for those with me and the Reminder for those before me.’ But most of them know not the
Truth, so they turn away.’” (Qur‘an 21:24)

17.  Make use of parables and similitude that may give admonition:

“See you not how Allâh sets forth a parable? A goodly Word like a goodly tree, whose root is firmly fixed,
and its branches (reach) to the sky. It brings forth its fruit at all times, by the leave of its Rabb and Allâh
sets forth parables for men, in order that they may receive admonition. And the parable of an evil Word
is that of an evil tree. It is torn up by the root from the surface of the earth. It has no stability. Allâh will
establish in strength those who believe, with the Word that stands firm, in this world and in the
Hereafter; but Allâh will leave to stray those who do wrong. Allâh does what He wills.” (Qur‘an 14:24-27)

“We have put forth for men, in the Qur’ân every kind of parable, in order that they may receive
admonition.” (39:27)

18.  Refrain from making people bored:

‘Abdullâh bin Mas‘ûd (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  used to take care of us in preaching by
selecting a suitable time, so that we might not get bored.” (Bukhâri 1/68)

Abû Wa‘il Shaqîq bin Salamah (r.a.) narrated that ‘Abdullâh bin Mas‘ûd (r.a.)  used to give a religious talk
to the people on every Thursday. Once a man said, “O Aba ‘Abdar-Rahman! (By Allâh) I wish if you could
preach us daily.” He replied, “The only thing which prevents me from doing so, is that I have to bore you,
and I take care of you in preaching by selecting a suitable time just as the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  used to do
with us, for fear of making us bored.” (Bukhâri 1/70 and Muslim)

‘Ikrimah bin Abî Jahl (r.a.) narrated that ‘Abdullâh bin ‘Abbâst said, “Preach to the people once a week,
and if you won’t, then preach them twice;  but if you want to preach more, then let it be three times (a
week only) and do not make the people fed-up with this Qur’ân. If you come to some people who are
engaged in a talk, don‘t start interrupting their talk by preaching, lest you should cause them to be
bored. You should rather keep quiet, and if they ask you, then preach to  them at the time when they
are eager to hear what you say. And avoid the use of rhymed prose in invocation for I noticed that
Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  and his Companions (r.a.) always avoided it.” (Bukhâri 8/349)

19. Deliver the lecture briefly but precisely with eloquence in order to arouse the listeners’ interest:

‘Abdullah bin Umar (r.a.) narrated that two men came from the East and addressed the people who
wondered at their eloquent speeches. On that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Some eloquent speech
is as effective as magic.”   (Bukhâri 7/622)

Abû Wâ‘il Shaqîq bin Salamah (r.a.) narrated that ‘Ammâr delivered to us (the audience) the sermon. It
was short and eloquent. When he (‘Ammâr) descended (from the pulpit) we said to him, “O Abul
Yaqzân, you have delivered a short and eloquent sermon. Would that you had lengthened (the
sermon).” He said, “I have heard Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  as saying: “The lengthening of prayer by a
man and the shortness of the sermon is the sign of his understanding (of faith). So lengthen the prayer
and shorten the sermon, for there is charm (in precise) expression.” (Muslim 1889)

‘Amr bin al-As (r.a.) narrated that one day when a man got up and spoke at length he (Amr bin al-‘As)
said, “If he had been moderate in what he said: It would have been better for him. I heard the
Messenger of Allâh said: ‘I think (or, I have been commanded) that I should be brief in what I say, for
brevity is better.’”  (Abû Dâwûd 4990)

20.  Talk with a sense of feeling or emotion:

Anas bin Mâlik (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “What is wrong with those people who
look towards the sky during the prayer?” His talk grew stern while delivering this speech and he said,
“They should stop (looking towards the sky during the prayer); otherwise their eye-sight would be taken
away.” (Bukhâri 1/717)

‘Abdullâh bin Mas‘ûd (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “I know the person who will be the
last to come out of the (Hell) Fire, and the last to enter Paradise. He will be a man who will come out of
the (Hell) Fire crawling, and Allâh will say to him, ‘Go and enter Paradise.’ He will go to it, but he will
imagine that it had been filled, and then he will return and say, ‘O my Rabb, I have found it full.’ Allâh
will say, ‘Go and enter Paradise, and you will have what equals the world and ten times as much (or you
will have as much as ten times the like of the world).’ On that, the man will say, ‘Do you mock at me (or
laugh at me) though You are the King?’” I saw Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  (while saying that) smiling
that his premolar teeth became visible. It is said that he will be the lowest in degree amongst the people
of Paradise. (Bukhâri 8/575)

Jâbir bin ‘Abdullâh (r.a.) narrated that whenever Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  delivered a sermon, his
eyes would turn red. His voice would become loud. And his wrath would enhance as if he was warning
(the people) against an enemy troop, saying, “It will surely attack you in the morning; it will surely attack
you in the evening...” (Ibn Mâjah 1/45)

21. Explain things very clearly.  Repeat important points (if necessary), and speak in a clear voice loud
enough for the last person at the back to hear. And never talk so quickly and vaguely:

“And be moderate in your pace, and lower your voice; for the harshest of sounds without doubt is the
braying of the ass.”  (Qur‘an 31:19)

 “Obey Allâh and obey the Messenger and beware (of evil): if you do turn back, know you that it is Our
Messenger’s duty to convey (the Message) in the clearest manner.”  (Qur‘an 5:92)

 “(We sent the Messengers) with Clear Signs and Scriptures and We have also sent down unto you (O,
Muhammad) the Message; that you may explain clearly to men what is sent for them, and that they may
give thought.” (Qur‘an 16:44)

 “How should they have the reminder. Seeing that a Messenger explaining things clearly has (already)
come to them.” (Qur‘an 44:13)
Anas bin Mâlik (r.a.) narrated that whenever the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  spoke a sentence (said a thing), he
used to repeat it thrice so that the people could understand it properly from him and whenever he
asked permission to enter, (he knocked the door) thrice with greeting.” (Bukhâri 1/95)

‘Âishah (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  used to talk so clearly that if somebody wanted to
count the number of his words, he could do so.” (Bukhâri 4/768 and Muslim)

‘Abdullâh bin ‘Amr (r.a.) narrated that once Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  remained behind us in a
journey. He joined us while we were performing ablution for the ‘Asr (afternoon) prayer which was over-
due. We were just passing wet hands over our feet (not washing them properly) so the  Prophet
(s.a.w.s.)  addressed us in a loud voice and said twice or thrice, “Save your heels from the Fire.” (Bukhâri
1/96)

‘Âishah  narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  used to talk so clearly that if somebody wanted to count
the number of his words, he could do so. Narrated Urwa bin Az-Zubair: ‘Âishah (r.a.) said (to me), “Don‘t
you wonder at Abu so-and-so who came and sat by my dwelling and started relating the traditions of
Allâh’s Messenger intending to let me hear that, while I was performing an optional prayer. He left
before I finished my optional prayer. Had I found him still there. I would have said to him, “Allâh’s
Messenger never talked so quickly and vaguely as you do.’”  (Bukhâri  4/768)

22.  Make appropriate gestures to facilitate better understanding:

Abu Uthman (r.a.) narrated that while we were at Adharbijan, ‘Umar  (r.a.) wrote to us: ‘Allâh ’s
Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  forbade wearing silk except this much. Then the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  approximated
his two fingers (index and middle fingers) (to illustrate that) to us.’ Zuhair (the sub-narrator) raised up
his middle and index fingers.”   (Bukhâri 7/719)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that Abu-l-Qasim (the Prophet r) said, “On Friday there is a particular time.
If a Muslim happens to be praying and invoking Allâh for something good during that time, Allâh will
surely fulfill his request.” The  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  pointed out with his hand. We thought that he wanted
to illustrate how short that time was.   (Bukhâri 8/409)

‘Abdullah bin Mas’ud (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said, “The Adhan pronounced by Bilal
(r.a.) should not stop you from taking Suhur, for he pronounces the Adhan at night, so that the one
offering the late night prayer (Tahajjud) from among you might hurry up and the sleeping from among
you might wake up. It does not mean that dawn or morning has started.” Then he (s.a.w.s.) pointed with
his fingers and raised them up (towards the sky) and then lowered them (towards the earth) like this
(Ibn Mas‘ud (r.a.)  imitated the gesture of the Prophet (s.a.w.s.). Az-Zuhri gestured with his two index
fingers, which he put on each other and then stretched them to the right and left. These gestures
illustrate the way real dawn appears. It spreads left and right horizontally. The dawn that appears in the
high sky and lowers down is not the real dawn).  (Bukhâri 1/595)

23. Use visual aids for easy comprehension:

‘Abdullâh bin Mas‘ûd (r.a.) narrated that (once) Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  drew a line for us and then
said, “That is the path shown by Allâh.” Then he drew several other lines on his right and left sides and
said, “These are the paths on every side of which there is a devil calling towards it.” He then recited this
verse, ‘And verily, this is My Straight Path, so follow it.’” (Tirmidhî 166, Ahmad, Nasâ’i and Darimî)

Jâbir bin ‘Abdullâh (r.a.) narrated , “We were sitting in the company of the Prophet (s.a.w.s.). He drew a
(straight) line and drew two (other) lines on its right side and two lines on its left side. He then placed his
hand on the middle line and remarked, “This is Allâh’s Path.” Then, he recited this verse: ‘And verily, it is
My Straight Path; so follow not the (other) paths. They will separate you away from His Path.’ (6:153).’”
(Ibn Mâjah 1/11)

Anas bin Malik (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  drew a few lines and said, “This is (man’s)
hope, and this is the instant of his death, and while he is in this state (of hope), the nearer line (death)
comes to Him.” (Bukhâri 8/427)

‘Abdullah (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  drew a square and then drew a line in the middle of
it and let it extend outside the square. Then he drew several small lines attached to that central line, and
said, “This is the human being, and this, (the square) in his lease of life, encircles him from all sides (or
has encircled him), and this (line), which is outside (the square), is his hope.  And these small lines are
the calamities and troubles (which may befall him), and if one misses him, another will snap (i.e.
overtake) him.  And if the other misses him, a third will snap (i.e. overtake) him.”  (Bukhâri 8/426)

24.  If anyone from the audience causes annoyance or insults you, be patient, control your anger and
refrain from disputes or quarrels:

“Let not their speech grieve you: for all power and honor belong to Allâh: He Who hears and knows (all
things).”  (Qur‘an 10:65)
 “And argue not with the People of the Book (the Jews and the Christians), except in the best way, unless
it be with those of them who do wrong. But say (to them), ‘We believe in the Revelation which has been
sent down to us and in that which has been sent down to you; our God and your God is One; and to Him
we submit (in Islâm).’”  (Qur‘an 29:46)

Abû Hurairah (r.a.)  narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)   said, “The strong is not the one who
overcomes the people by his strength, but the strong is the one who controls himself while in anger.”
(Bukhâri 8/ 135 and Muslim 4/6311-6314)

Abû Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that a man said to the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  “Advise me.” The  Prophet
(s.a.w.s.)  said, “Do not be angry and furious.” The man asked (the same) again and again, and the 
Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said in each case, “Do not be angry and furious.” (Bukhâri 8/137)

‘Âishah (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “The most hated person in the sight of Allâh is
the most quarrelsome person.” (Bukhâri 3/637)

Sahl Bin Sad (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “…Be patient till you face them (i.e.,
the infidels) and invite them to Islâm and inform them of what Allâh has enjoined upon them.  By Allâh! 
If a single person embraces Islâm at your hands (i.e., through you) that will be better for you than the
red camels.”  (Bukhâri  4/192 and 5/51)

Abû ’Umâmah (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “No people strayed from the right
path after the (divine) guidance on which they were, but those who, indulged in disputation.” He then
recited the verse: ‘Nay, but they are a contentious people (43:58).’” (Ibn Mâjah 1/48)

25.  Distribute the written copy of the lecture to the audience:

Abû Hurairah (r.a.) narrated  that when Allâh gave victory to His Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  over the people of
Makkah, Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  stood up among the people. After glorifying Allâh, he said, “Allâh
has prohibited fighting in Makkah and has given authority to His Messenger and the believers over it. So,
fighting was illegal for anyone before me and was made legal for me for a part of a day, and it will not be
legal for anyone after me.” Abû Shâh, a Yemenite, stood up and said, “O Allâh’s Messenger! Get it
written for me.” Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Write it down for Abâ Shâh.” (The sub-narrator
asked Al-Auzâ‘î), “What did he mean by saying, Get it written, O Allâh’s Messenger?” He replied, “The
speech which he had heard from Allâh’s Messenger.” (Bukhâri 3/613)
26. Ask if they understood properly the Islâmic lecture that was conveyed to them. Also be ready to
entertain questions:

Abû Bakrah (r.a.) narrated  that  the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “No doubt your blood, property”; the sub-
narrator Muhammad thought that Abu Bakrah had also mentioned “and your honor (chastity) are sacred
to one another as is the sanctity of this day of yours in this month of yours. It is incumbent on those who
are present to inform those who are absent.” Muhammad, the sub-narrator, used to say, “Allâh’s
Messenger (s.a.w.s.) told the truth.” The  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  repeated twice: “No doubt! Haven’t I
conveyed Allâh’s Message to you?” (Bukhâri 1/105)

Anas bin Mâlik (r.a.), narrated  that while we were in the mosque, a man came riding on a camel. The
man said to the Prophet (s.a.w.s.), “I want to ask you something and will be hard on questioning. So do
not be angry.” The  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, ‘Ask whatever you want.’” (Bukhâri 1/63)

Anas bin Mâlik (r.a.), narrated that once the people started asking Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) 
questions, and they asked so many questions that he became angry and ascended the pulpit and said, “I
will answer whatever questions you may ask me today...” (Bukhâri 8/373)

Mughîrah bin Sh‘ubah (r.a.) narrated  that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Allâh has forbidden you to be
undutiful to your mothers, to withhold (what you should give) or demand (what you do not deserve),
and to bury your daughters alive. And Allâh has disliked that you talk too much about others, ask too
many questions (in religion), or waste your property.” (Bukhâri 8/6)

27. Invite people to Islâm with kind words, wisdom and beautiful preaching instead of evil words or bad
language:

“Invite (all) to the Way of your Rabb with wisdom and beautiful preaching; and argue with them in ways
that are best and most gracious: for your Rabb knows best, who have strayed from His Path, and who
receive guidance.”  (Qur‘an 16:125)

 “Kind words and forgiving of faults are better than charity followed by injury. And Allâh is Rich (Free of
all wants) and He is most Forbearing.” (Qur‘an 2:263)
“Allâh does not like the utterance of evil words in public except by one who has been wronged. Allâh is
He Who hears and knows all things.” (Qur‘an 4:148)

‘Abdullâh bin ‘Amir (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  never used bad language. He used to say,
“The best amongst you are those who have the best manners and character.” (Bukhâri 4/759; 8/56)

Abdullah ibn Mas‘ud (r.a.)narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said: “A believer does not taunt, curse,
abuse or talk indecently.” (Tirmidhî 1740)

Anas ibn Malik (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Coarse talk does not come into
anything without disgracing it, and modesty does not come into anything without adorning it.”
(Tirmidhî 4854)

Abu Darda (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.)  said: “Nothing is weightier in the scales of a
believer on the Day of Judgment than his good behavior. Allâh treats with displeasure a person who is
given to loose and vulgar talk.”  (Tirmidhî 626)

28. After the speech or Da’wah is over, invite the non-Muslims to open their minds and hearts to Islâm
with selected Qur’ânic verses:

“Truly the Religion before Allâh is Islâm (submission to His Will).  Those who were given the Scripture
(the Jews and the Christians) did not differ except out of mutual jealousy, after knowledge had come to
them.  But if any denies the Signs of Allâh, Allâh is swift in calling to account.”   (Qur‘an 3:19)

 “And whoever desires a religion other than Islâm (submission to Allâh), never will it be accepted of him;
and in the Hereafter he will be in the ranks of those who have lost (all spiritual good).” (Qur‘an 3:85)

“Who can be better in religion than one who submits his whole self to Allâh...?” (Qur‘an 4:125)

 “...This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My favor upon you, and have chosen for
you Islâm as your religion…” (Qur‘an 5:3)
 “Whatever you worship apart from Him is nothing but names which you have named, you and your
fathers, for which Allâh has sent down no authority. The command is for none but Allâh. He has
commanded that you worship none but Him. That is the right religion, but most men do not know.”
(Qur‘an 12:40)

Ask the non-Muslims to ponder upon the veracity of the above Qur’ânic verses. They should be rational
and see how powerful and strong the categorical statements of Allâh. Indeed, only the True God and
Creator of all has the divine power and authority to say the above categorical statements to us.

29. Advise them to pray to the One and Only True God for guidance.  If they ignore your invitation, then
advise them to pray to the One and Only True God --   to supplicate to Him to guide them to the Truth. 
Verily, He is the One Who guides those whom He wills to Islâm:

 “Those to whom Allâh wills to guide, He opens their breast to Islâm. Those whom He wills to leave
straying, He makes their breast close and constricted, as if they had to climb up to the sky; thus does
Allâh lay abomination on those who believe not.” (Qur‘an 6:125)

 “Whom Allâh does guide, he is on the right path. Whom He rejects from His guidance, such are the
persons who lose.” (Qur‘an 7:178)

Abû Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said to his uncle (at the time of his death),
“Make a profession of it that there is no god but Allâh and I will bear testimony (of your being a Muslim)
on the Day of Judgment.” He (Abû Talib) said, “Were it not the fear of the Quraish blaming me (and)
saying that it was the fear of (approaching death) that induced me to do so, I would have certainly
delighted your eyes.” It was then that Allâh revealed, “Verily, you (O Muhammad) can not guide to the
right path whom you love. And it is Allâh Who guides whom He will and He knows best who are the
guided (28:56).” (Muslim 38)

Make it very clear to the non-Muslims that Allâh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful, is the Only One
Who really guides people to the Right Path. Allâh (s.w.t.)  gives guidance to those who ask His guidance.
He gives pardon to those who sincerely seek His forgiveness. It is for their benefit that they must ask
Allâh’s guidance and forgiveness:

“Race one another in asking forgiveness from your Rabb, and towards Paradise, the width whereof is as
the width of Heaven and earth, prepared for those who believe in Allâh and His messengers. That is the
Grace of Allâh, which He bestows on whom He pleases: and Allâh  is the Owner of Great Bounty.” 
(Qur‘an 57:21)
Abû Dharr (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said that Allâh, the Most High, says, “My
servants. All of you are astray except him whom I have guided, but if you ask Me for guidance I will guide
you. All of you are poor except him whom I have enriched, but if you ask of Me, I will give you provision.
All of you are sinners except him whom I have preserved (from sin), but if any of you knows that I have
power to pardon and asks my pardon, I will pardon him, and I do not care.... My giving is speech and my
punishment is speech. My command to a thing when I want it is just to say to it ‘Be’ and it comes into
being.” (Tirmidhî  2344, Ahmad  and Ibn Mâjah)

For those who embrace Islâm, it is Sunnah that after their sincere declaration of the Shahadah, we
should instruct them to supplicate to Allâh for His forgiveness, mercy, guidance and sustenance:

Abu Malik Ashja`i (r.a.) narrated that whenever a person embraced Islâm, Allâh’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) 
instructed him to recite: “O Allâh, grant me pardon, have mercy upon me, direct me to the path of
righteousness and provide me sustenance.”    (Muslim 6514)

30. When the lecture or program is over, it is Sunnah to conclude it with supplication. When we finish
our Da’wah session (or gathering), it is a Sunnah to conclude it with the following supplication:

“Subhannaka Allâhumma wa bihamdik.  Ashado a la_ ilaha illa_ Ant.  Astaghfiruka wa atowbo ilaik.” 
(How perfect you are O Allâh and I praise You.  None has the right to be worshipped except You.  I seek
Your forgiveness and turn in repentance to You.)”   (Tirmidhî 3/153)

Concluding Remarks

It is worth pointing out that public speaking is an art, and its success depends on the individual’s
knowledge and mastery of the subject. Being an art, it can be rendered in any way suitable to the given
occasion but it must be done in conformity with the Qur’ân and the Sunnah. All the principles of
effective public speaking cited in this paper prove that indeed Islâm is the complete and perfect
religion.  We need not look for any ideal effective public speaker because Prophet  Muhammad
(s.a.w.s.)  is the best model for us.   It is true that some individuals rose to fame and power because of
their eloquent speeches.  However, their speeches are not necessarily acceptable to Allâh (s.w.t.). For
one thing a public speaker will succeed only if he does it for the pleasure of Allâh (s.w.t.), and not for
Riya‘ (showing off).  Let us not emulate those people who speak eloquently only to impress people as in
the end they will only receive punishment in the Hell-Fire.  Let us take warning from the following divine
admonitions:
“There is the type of man whose speech about this world’s life may dazzle you and he calls Allâh to
witness about what is in his heart; yet is he the most contentious of enemies. When he turns his back his
aim everywhere is to spread mischief through the earth and destroy crops and cattle.  But Allâh loves
not mischief.  When it is said to him ‘Fear Allâh’ he is led by arrogance to (more) crime.  Enough for him
is Hell; an evil bed indeed (to lie on)!”   (Qur‘an 2: 204-206)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that the  Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said: “On the Day of resurrection Allâh will not
accept repentance or ransom from him who learns excellence of speech to captivate thereby the hearts
of men, or of people.”   (Abu Dawud 4988).
 GUIDELINES ON HOW TO BE A SUCCESSFUL PROGRAM MODERATOR
The moderator of any public program (forum, lecture, seminar, conference, or any formal gathering or an
assembly) plays a very important role in its failure or success.  Just as the pilot is the key person of an aircraft or
the captain of the boat, the moderator acts as the leading person in making the program a success.

The moderator of any Islamic program has the opportunity to lead the group and act as the presiding officer.
Hence, the success of the program partly lies on one’s capability to lead the group effectively.  As a chairperson,
one will have to try his best to do what is expected of him – that is, he is largely accountable for the success or
failure of the program.  This is based on the principle of accountability in Islam, to quote:

Abdullah ibn Umar (r.a.) (radhi Allahu anhu) reported that he heard the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) (Sallallahu
‘alayhi wa sallam) saying: “Every one of you is a guardian, and responsible for what is in his custody.  The ruler is a
guardian of his subjects and responsible for them; a husband is a guardian of  his family  and  is responsible for it;  a
lady is a guardian of her husband’s  house and is responsible for it, and a servant is a guardian of his master’s 
property and is responsible for it.  A man is a guardian of his father’s  property and is responsible for it, so all of you
are guardians and  responsible   for  your  wards  and  things under your care).”   (Bukhari, Vol. 2, Hadith 592; also 
Vol. 3, Hadith 73 ; and Vol. 7, Hadith 128)

In general, people participate in an Islamic program because they want to learn more about Islam. They may be
knowledgeable, but they want to enhance their knowledge and eeman for the pleasure of Allah (S.W.T.). Others
come to an Islamic program as a moral support (i.e., in terms of their attendance) to the organizers.  Some attend
because they are curious to know about the speaker(s)’s presentation arts and abilities to speak and deal with the
audience.  In other words, they want to see and listen to the public speaking skills of the speaker(s) and of course
the moderator.  Some members of the audience may be particular about one’s ability to handle the program in a
timely and fruitful fashion.  There are those who like to raise questions, whether they know the answer(s) or not. 
A number of people from the audience may like to challenge the speaker(s) or even the over-all theme of the
program. This happens especially if they belong to the other religious groups or sects.  All these imply that a
moderator will have to deal with various kinds of people with different motives, emotions and tempers, and he
must ensure that time will be managed properly and not wasted.

Indeed, the role of a moderator is very challenging. Being accountable to the people in the assembly, one must
demonstrate the qualities of effective leadership in Islam, with sufficient insight to guide the group to a fruitful
end.  Here are the following guidelines from the Islamic perspective that will guide you to be an effective
moderator in making the program, a success, insha Allah:

1. As a Muslim, you must always purify your intention. Your intention as a moderator in a particular program must
be for the sole pleasure of Allah, and not for achieving fame or recognition. This must be so in order that Allah the
Almighty will accept your effort as a good deed, worthy of His great rewards especially in the life Hereafter. 
Always remember that everything we say and do, as Muslims, must be for the pleasure of Allah the Almighty. So
many ayât (verses) in the Qur’ân remind us that Allâh (S.W.T.) (Subhanahu wa ta’ala) is the final Goal  of all (e.g.,
3:28,  5:18, 48, 105, 6:164, 24:42, 25:15, 31:14, 40:1-3, 42:15, 53:42, 50:43, 60:4 and 64:1-4). In the Glorious
Qur’ân Allâh (S.W.T.)  enjoins us to:

“Say: ‘Truly, my prayer and my service of sacrifice, my life and my death are (all) for Allâh, the Rabb (Cherisher and
Sustainer) of the Worlds.’”   (Qur’ân 6:162)

The above Qur’ânic injunction implies that we must develop Ikhlâs (Sincerity) to Allâh.  This means to do good
deeds purely for the pleasure of Allâh and not out of self-conceit to seek appreciation or praise from people.   Allâh
(S.W.T.) has clearly commanded us to worship Him with sincerity as shown in the following Qur’ânic injunctions:

“Say, ‘Verily, I am commanded to serve Allâh with sincere devotion.’”    (Qur’ân 39:14)

“Call then upon Allâh with sincere devotion to Him even though the Unbelievers may detest it.”    (Qur’ân 40:14)

“And they have been commanded no more than this: to worship Allâh, offering Him sincere devotion, being True 
(in Faith); establish regular prayer;  and  to give Zakat. And that is the Religion Right and Straight.”    (Qur’ân 98:5)

In line with the above commandments, Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) teaches us to be sincere to Allâh in the
performance of our deeds. In this way, we attain Allâh’s  rewards. The Messenger (s.a.w.s.) makes it clear that
every deed is rewarded according to our intention:

 ‘Umar ibn Al-Khattab (r.a.) said,  “I heard Allâh’s   Messenger (s.a.w.s.) saying, ‘The reward of deeds depends upon
the intentions and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended. Thus he whose migration
was for Allâh and His Messenger, his migration had been for Allâh and His Messenger, and he whose migration was
to achieve some worldly benefit or take some woman in marriage, his migration had been for that for which he
migrated.’”  (Bukhâri 1/1 and Muslim 3/ 4692)  

Utban ibn Malik Al- Ansari (r.a.)  who was one of the men of the tribe of Bani Salim narrated that “Allâh’s  
Messenger (s.a.w.s.) came to me and said , ‘If anybody comes on the Day of Resurrection who has said ‘La ilaha
illal-lah,’ (‘There is no God but Allâh’) sincerely, with the intention to win Allâh’s  Pleasure, Allâh will make the Hell-
Fire forbidden for him.’”   (Bukhâri  8/431)

The following authentic Ahâdîth should serve as admonitions for us to purify our intention, solely for Allâh’s  sake:

Jundub (r.a.)  narrated that  the Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said,  “He who let the people hear of his good deeds
intentionally, to win their praise, Allâh will let the people know his real intention (on the Day of Resurrection). And
he who does good things in public to show off and win the praise of the people, Allâh will disclose his real intention
(and humiliate him).”     (Bukhâri  8/506)

It has been narrated on the authority of Sulayman ibn Yasar (r.a.) who said,  “People dispersed from around Abu
Hurayrah, and Natil, who was from the Syrians, said to him: ‘O Shaykh, relate (to us) a tradition you have heard
from Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.).’ He said,  “Yes. I heard the Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said  ‘The first man
(whose case) will be decided on the Day of Judgment, will be a man who died as a martyr. He shall be brought
(before the Judgment Seat). Allâh will make him recount His blessings (i.e. the blessings which He had bestowed
upon him) and he will recount them (and admit having enjoyed them in his life).  (Then) will Allâh say: ‘What did
you do (to requite these blessings)?’  He will say: ‘I fought for You until I died as a martyr.’  Allâh will say: ‘You have
told a lie. You fought so that you might be called a brave warrior. And you were called so.’ (Then) orders will be
passed against him and he will be dragged with his face downward and cast into Hell.  Then,  there will be brought
forward a man who acquired knowledge and imparted it (to others) and recited the Qur’ân. He will be brought,
Allâh will make him recount His blessings and he will recount them (and admit having enjoyed them in his
lifetime).  Then Allâh will ask: ‘What did you do (to requite these blessings)?’  He will say: ‘I acquired knowledge
and disseminated it and recited the Qur’ân, seeking Your pleasure.’ Allâh will say: ‘You have told a lie. You acquired
knowledge so that you might be called “a scholar” , and you recited the Qur’ân so that it might be said,  “He is a
Qari”  and such has been said.’ Then orders will be passed against him and he shall be dragged with his face
downward and cast into the Fire.  Then will be brought a man whom Allâh had made abundantly rich and had
granted every kind of wealth. He will be brought, Allâh will make him recount His blessings and he will recount
them and (admit having enjoyed them in his lifetime).  Allâh will (then) ask: ‘What have you done (to requite these
blessings)?’  He will say: ‘I spent money in every cause in which  You wished that it should be spent.’     Allâh will
say: ‘You are lying.   You did (so)  that   it might be said about (you): “He is a generous fellow” , and so it was said.’
Then will Allâh pass orders and he will be dragged with his face downward and thrown into Hell.”  (Muslim 4688)

Ka’b ibn Malik (r.a.) narrated that  Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said  “He who acquires knowledge in order to fall
into polemics with other scholars and prove his superiority over them, or to dispute with the ignorant or to attract
the attention of the people, Allâh will throw him in the Fire.”    (Tirmidhi  225 and Ibn Majah narrated by Abdullâh 
Ibn Umar)

2. Pray to Allah the Almighty to make the task easy for you by reciting the following supplications (in Arabic),
especially in your last sujod (prostration) every prayer, prior to the start of the program:

“Allâhumma la sahla illa ma ja’altahu sahla wa Anta taj‘alul hazna idha shi’ta sahla.”  (“O Allah, there is no ease
except in that which You have made easy, and You make the difficult easy, if You wish.”  (Ibn Hibban, (no. 2427),
Ibn As-Sunni, (no. 351). See also An-Nawawi, Kitâbul-Adhkâr p. 106.)

Note that the Messenger (s.a.w.s.) taught us the above invocation when we find something difficult for us.

3.  If you are the organizer or among the organizers of the program, see to it that the program will run smoothly by
having a plan for the over-all program.  Any program requires effective planning and preparation, for it to succeed. 
We should never conduct any Islamic program hastily.  We have to plan it with great deliberation and care, as
Islam teaches us to plan out things with care and deliberation:

The Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said: “Deliberation is from Allaah and haste is from Shaytaan.” (Reported by al-Bayhaqi in
al-Sunan al-Kubra, 10/104; see also al-Silsilah, 1795)

Abdullah Bin Sarjis (r.a.) narrated that  the Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said,  “A good manner of conduct, deliberation and
moderation are a twenty-fourth part of prophecy.”    (Tirmidhî 5059)

Here are some points to remember in planning the Program:

3.1 Venue and Facilities: Choose and reserve the venue or place accessible and conducive to the participants and
the resource persons or speakers.  See to it that equipment and facilities needed for the program are available.

3.2  Resource Persons/Speakers: Identify and contact/invite prospective qualified speakers who are known for
their knowledge of the Qur’ân  and the Sunnah or right Islâmic Aqeedah and can successfully deliver the topics few
weeks or days before the program. 

3.3  Audience: Determine your audience -- whether few or big enough to occupy the chosen venue, whether teen-
agers or adults, students or professionals, male or female or mix, etc.  It is always preferable that program for
women should be separated from men to avoid intermingling between opposite sexes and thus observe modesty
in Islam. 

3.4 Materials and/Souvenirs: Obtain in advance the materials (i.e., handouts, certificates, or souvenirs)  to be
distributed at the program.

3.5 Food/Snacks: If the program requires more than three hours, the group needs to plan for food (snacks) to be
given to the participants and speakers/guests during break time.

3.6. Program Schedule, Invitation and/or Announcement: Determine the required time for each speech and
prepare the program schedule, invitation and announcement/flyers. 

4. Give each speaker a copy of the program/invitation/announcement as well as other necessary information
about the over-all program.  Inform him/her of the place, date, time or duration of his/her speech/lecture, nature
of the audience, whether or not there will be open forum, etc.  Inform him/her also of the possible expectations
from the audience like the reproduction of his/her speech for distribution or to give emphasis on a particular topic
on Islâm.
5. Check with each speaker his/her readiness to speak at least a week in advance or few days before the
commencement of the program.

 6. Make sure that the speakers will give you their commitments to come as per schedule; otherwise, find
substitutes. This is to ensure that the program is conducted as planned.

7. Plan in advance what to say about the theme of the program and speeches and how to introduce each speaker
very briefly.  Also plan what sort of activity or activities you have to present to the audience in case one of your
speakers fails to come to the program.  Would you extend the time allotted to other speakers?  Would you extend
more time to questions and answers session?  Would you entertain some reactions from the audience regarding
any of the topics?  Or do you have some sort of group discussions and presentations?   What if you have only one
speaker and it happens for some reasons that he/she fails to come?  All these possibilities imply that as the leader
of the program, you need to plan for constructive actions in preparations for any problem that may just arise in the
course of the program.  For instance, if at the start of the program, you find out that the speaker could not make it
and you have with you in advance a copy of his/her speech then you may request any qualified member of your
group to read the speech/lecture.  Or you can take the responsibility to read it.  In the absence of the written
speech, you have to be ready with an article or a chapter/few pages of a book on Islam relevant to the topic
assigned to the speaker or to the theme of the program. This means that you need time to practice reading the
speech/article before the program.  

Your reading of the speech/article must be lively or interesting enough.  See to it that you look at the audience
once in a while and if possible, paraphrase or explain further any or some of the ideas or teachings, which you
think important or beneficial to the audience. You may also involve the audience in the form of questions and
comments or reactions on the important ideas or teachings you have just read.  In this way, they become attentive
and thus, make the program successful.  In other words, never, disappoint the audience by not having a speaker or
at least a substitute speaker or any worthwhile related activities to be conducted on the scheduled program. 

8. Being the moderator, your type of talk is brief but enlightening. It calls for power, dignity, excellent style,
understanding and cooperation with your speakers and the audience.

9. To gain more confidence and improve your brief talk, read the article on  “Useful Guidelines on Public Speaking.”

10. When you speak, observe the following essential qualities of a successful leader:

a.) Be confident in yourself because as a Muslim, Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala  has chosen you as one of the best
among mankind:

“You are the best of peoples, evolved for mankind.  You enjoin what is right, forbid what is wrong, and believe in
Allah...”   (Qur’an 3:110)
b.) Be energetic and dynamic by speaking with enthusiasm and vigor.

c.) Be alert and knowledgeable to be able to perform your task to briefly say something important about the
theme of the program and briefly give the salient points mentioned by the speaker(s) after each speech.

d.) Be positive and cautious in giving directions to the audience what to do in such a way that harmony and
orderliness are maintained.

e.) Be definite when you give instructions or reminders to be sure that you gain your audience cooperation -- all for
the success of the Program.

11. Start the program with the remembrance of Allah as it is one of the best ways to please Allah the Exalted and
gain His rewards.  Both the Qur’an and the Sunnah stress the importance of remembering our Rabb (Cherisher and
Sustainer):

“Then do you remember Me, I will remember you.  Be grateful to Me and reject not faith.”  (Qur’an 2:152)

 “Recite what is sent of the Book by inspiration to you, and establish regular Prayer: for Prayer restrains from
shameful and evil deeds;  and remembrance of Allah is the greatest (thing in life) without doubt.  And Allah knows
the (deeds) that you do.”    (Qur’an 29:45)

Abu Musa (r.a.) narrated that  the Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam  said, “The example of the one who
celebrates the Praises of his Rabb (Allah) in comparison to the one who does not celebrate the Praises of his Rabb,
is that of a living creature compared to a dead one.”   (Bukhari, 8/416)

Thawban (r.a.) narrated that  the Prophet Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam  said:  “The best property is a tongue which
mentions Allah, a grateful heart, and a believing wife who helps a man with his faith.”  (Tirmidhi 2275,  Ahmad, and
Ibn Majah)

One of the Prophet’s  Sunnah of starting a speech is as follows:

“Innal hamdalillahi ta’alaa nahmaduho, wa nasta’yno bihi, wa nastaghfiruh, wa na’udo billahi ta’ala min shoroori
anfosinaa, wa sayhaati a’malinaa may yahdihillahi ta’ala falaa modhillah, wa may yudhlil falaa hadii yalah, wa
ashadu al laillaha ila Allah wahdahu laa shariikalah. Wa ashadu ana Muhammad ‘abduhu wa rasuluh.” (“Praise be
to Allah from Whom we ask help and pardon, and in Whom we take refuge from the evils within ourselves.
Whosoever Allah guides, no one who can lead him astray, and whosoever He leads astray, no one can guide him. I
testify that there is no god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger.”)  (Abu Dawud,
2113)

Or you may start your talk briefly by saying:

“Al-Hamdulillahi Rabbul ‘Aalameen, wa Salaatu was Salaamu ‘ala Nabeeyyina Muhammad, wa ‘alaa aalihi wa
Sahbihi, wa man taba‘a Sunnatihi ilaa Yawmiddeen.”   (All Praise be to Allah, the Rabb (Cherisher and Sustainer) of
the Worlds, and Blessings and Peace upon our Prophet, Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and
whoever follows his Sunnah, till the Day of Judgement.”

It is preferable to recite the above form of dhikr (remembrance to Allah) in Arabic, especially if the participants are
all Muslims. The following Ahâdîth are admonitions to those who do not remember Allâh (S.W.T.) before starting
their public speech:

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that  the Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said: “People who get up from an assembly in which
they did not remember Allâh will be just as if they had got up from an ass’s  corpse, and it will be a cause of grief to
them.” (Abu Dawud 4837)

Abdullah ibn Umar (r.a.) narrated that  Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “Do not speak much without mentioning
Allâh, for much talk without mention of Allâh produces hardness of heart, and the one who is farthest from Allâh is
he who has a hard heart.” (Tirmidhî  2274)

You may also start the program with the recitation of the Glorious Qur’an by one who knows how to read it
correctly and beautifully in order to gain Allah’s  blessings.  Before the recitation of the Qur’an, remind the
audience to keep quiet and listen to the reading of the Qur’an with attention in order to receive Allah’s  mercy. 
This is a commandment from Allah:

“When the Qur’ân is read, listen to it with attention, and hold your peace that you may receive Mercy.” (Qur’an
7:204)

Note: You may start the program with the recitation of the Holy Qur’an but not to make it a practice to always
start every program with the Qur’an reading.  You may start the program with praises to Allah, or supplications to
Him.  What is important is you start every program with the mention of Allah’s name.

12. After praising Allah subhana wa ta‘ala, welcome your audience with the sincere Islamic greeting “Assalamu
‘alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh.”  (May the peace and blessings of Allah be upon you.)  Offering the
greeting of salam to our audience, even if only one of them is a Muslim, is a must as it is a Sunnah that the
Messenger (s.a.w.s.) enjoined upon us:

Abdullah ibn Amr (r.a.) narrated that a man asked the Messenger (s.a.w.s.), “Whose Islam is good or what sort of
deeds (or what qualities) of Islam are good.” The Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  replied, “To feed (others) and to greet those
whom you know and those whom you do not know.” (Bukhari, 1/11)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.)  narrated that the Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “The young should greet the old, the passerby
should greet the sitting one, and the small group of persons should greet the large group of persons.” (Bukhari, 8/
250)

13. Very briefly and humbly introduce yourself to the audience. Do not assume that everybody knows you.
Welcome and thank the speakers as well as the audience for their presence and highlight very briefly the theme
and objectives of the Program.  Note, that the very objective of every Islamic program must be for the sole
pleasure of Allah subhana wa ta‘ala.  Thus, in the course of your talk, invoke Allah to accept the program as a good
deed worthy of His rewards.

14. You need to remind the audience to purify their intention in attending to the program for the pleasure of
Allah.  Remind them of the following Islamic teachings:

“And they have been commanded no more than this: to worship Allâh, offering Him sincere devotion, being True 
(in Faith); establish regular prayer; and to give Zakat. And that is the Religion Right and Straight.”  (Qur‘an 98:5)

‘Umar ibn Al-Khattab (r.a.) said that he heard Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) saying, “The reward of deeds depends
upon the intentions and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended. Thus he whose
migration was for Allâh and His Messenger (s.a.w.s.), his migration had been for Allâh and His Messenger (s.a.w.s.),
and he whose migration was to achieve some worldly benefit or take some woman in marriage, his migration had
been for that for which he migrated.” (Bukhâri 1/1 and Muslim 3/ 4692)

15.  Motivate or inspire the audience for coming to the program and remind them to be attentive to the Islamic
lectures because this is one way of learning knowledge of Islam.  Encourage them of the benefits of acquiring
Islamic knowledge with the words of Allah and His Messenger (s.a.w.s.).  You may quote some inspiring teachings
from the Qur’an and the Sunnah. Examples are the following:

“He grants wisdom to whom He pleases; and he to whom wisdom is granted receives indeed a benefit overflowing;
but none will grasp the Message but men of understanding.”   (Qur’an 2: 269)

“Surely those of His servants who are possessed of knowledge, fear Allâh.”  (Qur’an 35:28)
“...Allâh will raise up, to (suitable) ranks (and degrees), those of you who believe and have been granted
Knowledge.  And Allâh is well-acquainted with all you do.”   (Qur’an 58:11)

 “Allâh bears witness that none has the right to be worshipped but He, and the angels, and those having
knowledge (also bear witness to this); (He is always) maintaining His Creation in justice.  None has the right to be
worshipped but He, the Almighty the All-Wise.”   (Qur’an 3:18)

Is then one who does know that, that which has been Revealed unto you from your Rabb is the Truth, like the one
who is blind?  It is those who are endowed with understanding that receive admonition;  those who fulfill the
Covenant of Allâh and fail not in their plighted word; those who join together those things, which Allâh has
commanded to be joined, hold their Rabb in awe, and fear the terrible reckoning; those who patiently persevere,
seeking the countenance of their Creator; establish regular prayers, spend out of (the gifts) We have bestowed for
their sustenance, secretly and openly; and turn off Evil with good: for such there is the final attainment of the
(eternal) Home.  Gardens of perpetual bliss: they shall enter there as well as the righteous among their fathers,
their spouses and their offspring and angels shall enter unto them from every gate (with the salutation) “Peace
unto you for  that  you persevered in patience!  Now how excellent is the final Home!”  (Qur’an 13:19-24)

“Is one who worships devoutly during the hours of the night prostrating himself or standing (in adoration), who
takes heed of the Hereafter, and who places his hope in the Mercy of his God—like one who does not)?   Say: ‘Are
those equal, those who know and those who do not know?”  It is those who are endowed with understanding that
receive admonition.’”    (Qur’an 39:9)

Abu Hurairah  (r.a.) narrated that ... the Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “Those who were the best in the pre-Islamic
period of ignorance will be the best in Islâm provided they comprehend the religious knowledge.”    (Bukhâri 
4/572 and Muslim)

Abu Musa (r.a.) narrated that  the Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “The example of guidance and knowledge with which
Allâh has sent me is like abundant rain falling on the earth, some of which was fertile soil that absorbed rain water
and brought forth vegetation and grass in abundance. (And) another portion of it was hard and held the rain water
and Allâh benefited the people with it and they utilized it for drinking, making their animals drink from it and for
irrigation of the land for cultivation. (And) a portion of it was barren which could neither hold the water nor bring
forth vegetation (then that land gave no benefits). The first is the example of the person who comprehends Allâh’s 
religion and gets benefit (from the knowledge) which Allâh has revealed through me and learns and then teaches
others. The last example is that of a person who does not care for it and does not take Allâh’s  guidance revealed
through me (He is like that barren land.).”  (Bukhâri  1/79)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that ... the Messenger (s.a.w.s.)  said, “... He who treads the path in search of
knowledge, Allâh will make that path easy, leading to Paradise for him and those persons who assemble in one of
the houses of Allâh (mosques), recite the Book of Allâh and learn and teach the Qur’ân (among themselves). There
will descend upon them tranquility, mercy will cover them, the angels will surround them and Allâh will mention
them in the presence of those near Him. He who is slow-paced in doing good deeds, his (long) descent does not
make him go ahead.”   (Muslim 6518)

Abu Umama (r.a.) narrated that  the Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “A learned person is as much above a worshipper as
I am above the least of you. He added: Allâh, His angels and all those in Heavens and on Earth, even the ants in
their hills and the fish in the water, call down blessings on those who instruct people in beneficial knowledge.” 
(Tirmidhi  1392)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that  Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “Verily what a believer continues to receive (in
the form of reward) for his action and his virtues after his death is the knowledge which he acquired and then
disseminate;  the pious son that he left behind him, or a copy of the Qur’ân which he left as a legacy, or the
mosques that he had built, or the inn that he had built for the wayfarers, or the canal that he caused to flow, or a
sadaqah which he gave out of his property in the state when he was healthy and alive. (These are the acts of
goodness the reward of which) reaches him even after his death.”   (Tirmidhi  254 and Ibn Majah)

Abdullâh  ibn Mas’ud  (r.a.) narrated that  Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “There are two avaricious people who
are never contented: the man of learning and the man of the world, but the two are not equal. The man of
knowledge increases in submission to Allâh, and as for the man of the world, he becomes headstrong and
defiant.”   Abdullâh  then recited: ‘Nay man is surely rebellious when he sees himself free from want.’ (46:6). 
Concerning the other he recited the verse: ’surely those of His servants who are possessed of knowledge, fear
Allâh.’ (35:28).”     (Tirmidhi 261 and Darimi)

Abu Darda (r.a.) narrated that  Kathir ibn Qays said I was sitting with Abu  Darda‘ in the mosque of Damascus.  A
man came to him and said, “Abu Darda, I have come to you from the town of the Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) for a
tradition that I have heard you relate from Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.). I have come for no other purpose.”  He
said, “I heard Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) say: ‘If anyone travels on a road in search of knowledge, Allâh will cause
him to travel on one of the roads of Paradise. The angels will lower their wings in their great pleasure with one
who seeks knowledge, the inhabitants of the heavens and the Earth and the fish in the deep waters will ask
forgiveness for the learned man. The superiority of the learned man over the devout is like that of the moon, on
the night when it is full, over the rest of the stars. The learned are the heirs of the Prophets, and the Prophets
leave neither dinar nor dirham, leaving only knowledge, and he who takes it takes an abundant portion..’”  (Abu
Dawud 3634)

Anas ibn Malik  (r.a.) narrated that  Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “Do you know who is most generous?” They
said, “Allâh and His Messenger know best.”   Whereupon he said, “Allâh is the Most Generous, then I am most
generous to mankind, and the most generous people after me would be those who will acquire knowledge and
then disseminate it…” (Tirmidhi  259)

Hasan Al-Basri (r.a.) narrated that  Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “He whom death overtakes while he is
engaged in acquiring knowledge with a view to reviving Islâm with the help of it, there will be one degree between
him and the Prophets in Paradise.”  (Tirmidhi  249 and Darimi)
16. Also remind the audience to remember Allah subhana wa ta‘ala always with the following very inspiring words
of Allah:

“Then do you remember Me, I will remember you.  Be grateful to Me and reject not faith.”  (Qur’an 2:152)

Encourage them further to remember our only Creator with any of the following authentic Ahâdîth:

Abu Musa (r.a.) narrated that  the Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “The example of the one who celebrates the Praises of
his Rabb (Allâh) in comparison to the one who does not celebrate the Praises of his Rabb, is that of a living creature
compared to a dead one.”   (Bukhâri  8/416)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that  the Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “Allâh will give shade to seven (types of people)
under His Shade (on the Day of Resurrection).  One of them will be a person who remembers Allâh and his eyes are
then flooded with tears.”   (Bukhâri  8/486)

“Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that  Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) as saying that “Allâh, the Exalted and Glorious,
says: ‘I am near to the thought of My servant as he thinks about Me, and I am with him as he remembers Me.  And
if he remembers Me in his heart, I also remember him in My Heart.  And if he remembers Me in assembly I
remember him in assembly, better than his (remembrance).  And if he draws near Me by the span of a palm, I draw
near him by the cubit, and if he draws near Me by the cubit I draw near him by the space (covered by) two hands. 
And if he walks towards Me, I rush towards him.’”      (Muslim 4/ 6471)

Samurah Bin Jundab (r.a.) narrated that  Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “The most beloved words to Allâh are
the following four phrases, Subhan Allâh,  Alhamdu lillah,  La_ ila ha illa Allâh,  Allâhu Akbar. (Glory be to Allâh, All
Praises be to Allâh. There is no deity but Allâh, Allâh’s  the greatest.)... it does not matter which of them you start
with.”    (Muslim 5329)

17.  In addition to the remembrance of Allah, remind the audience to invoke salam (peace) to the Prophet
Sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam every time the speaker mentions the Prophet’s  name or title (i.e., the Messenger of
Allah or the Prophet). It is a must that when we hear the Prophet’s  name or title, we should say: (s.a.w.s.)
“Salâllâhu ‘alayhi wa salam” (“May the peace and blessings of Allâh be upon him.”). Allâh, the Exalted, commands:

“Verily, Allâh sends blessings upon the Prophet, and His angels ask Allâh to bless him.  O you who have believed,
ask Allâh to send blessings upon him, and (you) greet him with peace.”  (Qur‘an 33:56)
The following Ahâdîth  should inspire us to supplicate to Allâh to send peace and blessings to His Messenger
(s.a.w.s.):

Abdullah Bin Amr Bin Al As (r.a.) narrated that  Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “When you hear the Mu‘adhdhin,
repeat what he says.  Then invoke a blessing on me, for everyone who invokes a blessing on me will receive ten
blessings from Allâh.  Then beg from Allâh al-Wasilah for me, which is a rank in Paradise fitting for only one of
Allâh’s  Servants, and I hope that I may be that one. If anyone who asks that I be given the Wasilah, he will be
assured of my intercession.”  (Muslim 747)

Abu Humaid As -Saidi (r.a.) narrated that  the people asked, “O Allâh’s  Messenger! How shall we (ask Allâh to)
send blessings on you?" Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) replied, “Say: ‘Allâhumma salli ‘ala Muhammadin wa azwajihi
wa dhurriyatihi kama sallaita ‘ala Ali Ibrahima wa barik ‘ala Muhammadin wa azwajihi wa dhurriyatihi kama
barakta ‘ala Ali-Ibrahima, innaka Hamidun Majid.’” (‘O Allâh! Send Your Mercy on Muhammad and on his wives
and on his offspring, as You sent Your Mercy on Abraham’s  family; and send Your Blessings on Muhammad and on
his offspring, as You sent Your Blessings on Abraham’s  family, for You are the Most Praiseworthy, the Most
Glorious.’”  (Bukhâri  4/588)

Anas Bin Malik (r.a.) narrated that Allâh’s  Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said,  “He who invokes one blessings upon me,
Allâh will shower ten blessings upon him and obliterate ten (of his) sins and elevate him by ten ranks.” (Tirmidhî 
922 and Nasa‘i)

Abdullah Bin Amr (r.a.) narrated that He who invokes blessings upon Allâh’s  Messenger once, Allâh and His Angels
shower seventy blessings upon him.”  (Tirmidhî 935 and Ahmad)

18. Before introducing the speaker (or the first speaker if you have more than one speakers), you have to inform
the audience of the rules they need to observe while the speaker is delivering his/her speech.  For instance, are
they allowed to talk loudly or create noise? … to unnecessarily move around the lecture hall?… to ask question or
interrupt the speaker?…to monopolize questions?…to give long remarks or comments?… to eat and drink while
listening, etc.? For the convenience of the speaker(s) and most audience, you need to include the “No smoking!” 
rule.  Even if the lecture hall or venue has the sign, “No smoking!”, you still need to remind the audience.  If you
see some of the audience with their babies, you need to guide them what they should do in case their babies cry. 
The rules will prevent you from getting annoyed due to disruptions. 

19. In case of some disruptions (including receiving insults from an heckler or unfriendly audience), be calm
enough to have patient. Avoid becoming angry and do not insult.  Take guidance from the following Islamic
teachings:

“O you who believe!  Persevere in patience and constancy: vie in such perseverance; strengthen each other; and
fear Allah; that you may prosper.”   (3:200)
“And let not their speech grieve you, for all power and honor belong to Allah. He is the All-Hearer, the All-
Knower.”  (10:65)

“Say: ‘O you my servants who believe! Fear your Rabb.  Good is (the reward) for those who do good in this world.
Spacious is Allah’s earth!  Those who patiently persevere will truly receive a reward without measure.’”  (39:10)

“So bear with patience all that they say, and glorify the Praises of Your Rabb, before the rising of the sun and
before its setting.”  (50:39)

“And be patient  with what they say, and keep away from them in a good way.  And leave Me Alone to deal with
those in possession of the good things of life, (who yet deny the Truth;) and bear with them for a little while.  With
Us are Fetters (to Bind them) and a Fire (to burn them).”   (73:10-12)

‘Abdullâh bin ‘Amr (r.a.)  narrated that  Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) neither talked in an insulting manner nor did
he ever speak evil intentionally. He used to say, “The most beloved to me amongst you is the one who has the best
character and manners.” (Bukhâri, 5/104)

Never lose your temper when hecklers express ironical, insulting or hurting remarks.  Be patient, do not let such
negative remarks grieve you.  After all, your goal is to please Allah  not them.  Control your anger as the Messenger
(s.a.w.s.) said, “The strong is not the one who overcomes the people by his strength, but the strong is the one who
controls himself while in anger.” (Bukhâri, 8/ 135 and Muslim 4/6311-6314).  Therefore, instead of becoming angry
try to  calm down, relax and smile.  Get additional rewards by occasionally smiling to your audience, including the
hecklers.  Remember, the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said that smiling is sadaqa (charity). We have to follow the Messenger
(s.a.w.s.) who made people lively and happy with his smiles:

‘Aishah (r.a.) narrated: “I never saw the Messenger (s.a.w.s.) laughing to an extent that one could see his palate,
but he always used to smile only.”  (Bukhari 8/114)

‘Abdullah ibn al-Harith ibn Jaz (r.a.) narrated that he had seen no one more given to smiling than Allah’s Messenger
(s.a.w.s.).  (Tirmidhi 5829 & 4748)

20. Act as a friendly host, introducing the speakers as well as their speeches properly and briefly (in 3-5 sentences)
in such a way that will encourage them to do their best and at the same time motivate the audience to listen with
full attention and interest. This will make the speakers to be more dynamic and the audience more attentive and
receptive.  In your introduction, do not exaggerate praising anyone of your speakers or guests. The Prophet
(s.a.w.s.) prevented people from exaggerating in their praise of others as shown in the following authentic hâdîth:
Abu Bakrah (r.a.) narrated that  a man praised another man in the presence of the Prophet (s.a.w.s.), who said:
“Woe to you! You have cut your companion’s  throat!” several times. Then he said: “Whoever of you insists on
praising his brother, let him say: ‘I think So-and-so is such-and-such, and Allah (S.W.T.) knows the exact truth, and I
do not confirm anyone’s  good conduct before Allah (S.W.T.), but I think him to be such-and-such, if he knows that
this is the case.’”  (Bukhari and Muslim)

If you cannot avoid praising a person, see to it that your praise must be sincere and based on truth.  It should be
moderate and reserved -- without element of exaggeration. In this way you avoid spreading the diseases of
hypocrisy, pride, conceit,  lies, and deceit.  Remember that Islam always goes for humility instead of pride and
conceit.  Therefore, help spread the virtuous teaching by not exaggerating in your introduction of your speakers or
guests or when addressing other people in the program.  In this way, you make people remain humble and thus,
gain Allah’s reward especially when such conduct is done for the sake of Allah the Almighty.  Let us take guidance
and inspirations from the following Qur’anic ayah and Ahâdîth:

“For Muslim men and women, for believing men and women for devout men and women for true men and
women, for men and women who are patient and constant, for men and women who humble themselves, for men
and women who give in charity, for men and women who fast, for men and women who guard their chastity, and
for men and women who engage much in Allah’s remembrance for them has Allah  prepared forgiveness and great
reward.”  (Qur’an, 33:35)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said “There was a dispute between the Hell and
Paradise and the Hell said ‘The haughty and the proud will find their abode in me.’ And the Paradise said ‘The
meek and the humble will find their abode in me.’ Thereupon Allah the Exalted and Glorious (addressing the Hell)
said ‘You are (the means) by which I punish those of My servants whom I wish.’  And (addressing the Paradise) He
said ‘You are only My mercy by means of which I shall show mercy to those whom I wish, but each one of you
would be full.”  (Muslim 6818)

Haritha bin Wahb Al Khuzali (r.a.) narrated that Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said “May I not inform you of the
inmates of Paradise? All persons who are considered to be humble and if they were to adjure in the name of Allah,
Allah would certainly fulfil it.  May I not inform you of the inmates of Hell-Fire?  They are all proud, mean and
haughty’” (Muslim 6835)

21. Announce each speech by title and speaker very briefly (in 3-5 sentences). Remain standing until the speaker
has taken the platform, ready to speak. Only then will you sit down.

22. Listen attentively to each speaker and take note of very important points (preferably quotations from the
Qur‘an and authentic Ahadith), which you must very briefly say or paraphrase (in 3-5 sentences) after thanking the
speaker for his/her speech.
23.  In order to follow the program as scheduled, see to it that every speaker speaks within the time limit agreed
before hand. Before the time is over, give him/her a note (which should be readable) specifying the number of
minutes left, say only 3-5 minutes left.  In this way, he/she can shorten or make a conclusion of his/her speech. 
However, in case a speaker exceeds the time, you can give him/her few minutes more especially if the speech is
interesting. 

24. Lead the applause for every excellent speech by praising Allah, the Almighty, saying: “Allahu Akbar!” ; and/or
offer a word of appreciation by saying: “Masha Allah!”.  Never allow clapping or standing in expressing
appreciation of any speaker as to do so is to imitate the non-Muslims.

25. Thank the speaker by saying “Jazakumullahu khair (May Allah reward you) for your speech/lecture…” Then, say
very briefly (in 3-5 sentences) the important points mentioned by the speaker, especially the one that calls for
action(s) to implement an Islamic teaching. 

26. It is preferable that you do not entertain questions or comments while the speaker is delivering his/her
lecture/speech.  Unless the speaker himself/herself is the one who asks questions or comments from the
audience.  This is to avoid disrupting the speaker’s  flow of thoughts or ideas.

27.  If there are two or more speakers, entertain questions after all of them have given their talks.  Remind the
audience to ask questions, briefly, precisely or direct to the point and relevant to the topics/lectures.  If the time is
short or you are running out of time, you may ask the audience to write their brief questions on a piece of paper. 
Collect the papers or ask someone to collect them for you. You can then select the questions according to their
importance to be read and answered by the speaker concerned.

28.  If there are handouts, certificates or souvenirs to be given to the audience as well as the speakers, distribute
them after all the speakers have finished their lectures, preferably after the open forum.

29. At the end of the program, give a brief summary of the important Islamic teachings that the speakers
mentioned in their speeches. Give the implications of such Islamic teachings in improving every Muslim’s belief and
righteous deeds or in short, personality development. Also remind the audience of the actions (expected of the
them as Muslims) to implement in order to increase their eeman and righteous deeds – all for the pleasure of Allah
subhana wa ta‘ala. 

30. Briefly thank all speakers, organizers, audience and above all Allah, the Most Gracious, for making the Program
a success. It is sunnah to end the program with the following du‘a:

“Subhânaka Allâhumma wa bihamdika, ashhadu an la ilâha illa Anta, astaghfiruka wa atoobu ilaik.”   (Glory to You,
O Allâh, and praise to You. I bear witness that there is no God but You. I seek Your forgiveness and return to You.”) 
(Tirmidhi 3/153).