QUANTITATIVE METHODS 1
Mr. Ferdnand A. Reyes
The Normal Distribution 2
LESSON OUTLINE
A. Properties of Normal Distribution
B. Standard Normal Distribution
C. Solving Problems with Normal Distribution
LEARNING OUTCOMES
Here’s what I will teach you in this course material:
A. illustrate a normal random variable and its characteristics
B. Construct a normal curve
C. Find the area under the standard normal distribution
RESOURCES NEEDED
For this lesson, you would need the following resources:
A. PowerPoint presentation
B. Statistics: Standard Normal Distribution and Z-Score in Filipino
C. The Normal Distribution
D. Reference materials, tools, and equipment
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PRETEST:
Before you start, try answering the following questions. AGREE or DISAGREE
1. Normal Distribution provides a good model for continuous population.
________________________________________
2. When a population deviates from normality, a small sample size can be used to
approximate a normal distribution
________________________________________
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
03 PRETEST 07 Area under the normal curve
04 Key Point 08 Posttest
05 Pre-Activity 09 The Galton Board
06 Properties of Normal Curve
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10 References
The Normal Distribution 4
Key Point
The normal distribution is a bell-shaped
probability distribution. It is known as a normal
random variable. It provides a good model for
most continuous populations used in the field of
statistics.
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PRE-ACTIVITY:
Draw a Normal Curve
Use the space below to draw a normal curve.
SELF ASSESSMENT OR EVALUATION: You may check the properties of a normal distribu-
tion to help you draw the best normal curve.
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The Normal Distribution
Properties / Characteristics
For any normal population, the following characteristics are:
1. symmetric about the mean
2. mean = median = mode
3. the curve approaches the horizontal axis asymptotically
4. the total area under the normal curve is 1
Parameters. The normal distribution can be specified by the mean and the stand-
ard deviation. Normal distributions are a family of symmetrical, bell-shaped densi-
ty curves defined by a mean and standard deviation. The mean tells the position
while the standard deviation determines the shapes and sprea.
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Z-score. The standard score (z-score) refers to
the distance of an observed value (x) from the
mean in terms of standard deviation. The
standard scores tell how many standard devia-
tions the observed value lie above or below
the mean of its distribution. To convert X to Z,
simply subtract X by the mean, and divide the
difference by the standard deviation.
Key term. You put the definition
here. Yes, it is purposely in really
Steps in getting the area under the normal
small fonts because it is a mere
curve. In general the steps in getting the area repetition of what you already
under the normal curve are: defined in your text.
1. identify the mean and standard deviation.
Key term. You put the definition
2. Identify the observed value (X) which will be here. Yes, it is purposely in really
converted to z-score. small fonts because it is a mere
repetition of what you already
3. Compute for the z-score. defined in your text.
4. Identify the location of the z-score.
Key term. You put the definition
5. Shade the area specified under the normal here. Yes, it is purposely in really
curve. small fonts because it is a mere
repetition of what you already
6. Recall that the left side from the mean is defined in your text.
equal to 0.5 and the right side from the mean
is also equal to 0.5
Useful links:
Specific steps
Z-score table (page 1)
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POSTTEST
Directions: Draw the normal curve then find the area under the stand-
ard normal distribution curve.
_______ 1. left of z = -0.86
_______ 2. between z = -1.25 and z = 0.37
_______ 3. between z = 0 and z = 1.32
_______ 4. right of z = 1.98
_______ 5. between z = 0 and z = 0.98
_______ 6. left of z = -1.39
_______ 7. right of z = 1.92 and left of z = -0.44
Directions: Answer the questions that follow.
#8. Mrs. Anita would like to buy the right amount of salmon for daily con-
sumption at her restaurant. Mrs. Anita has estimated that the daily con-
sumption of salmon is normally distributed with a mean of 12 pounds and a
standard deviation of 3.2 pounds. She wants to answer the following ques-
tions.
A. What proportion of days was the demand at restaurant above her earlier
purchase of 20 pounds?
B. What proportion of days was the demand at restaurant below 15 pounds?
C. How much salmon should she buy so that it meets customer demand on
90% of the days?
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The Galton Board
ST
TE
ST
PO
Task: Watch the video clip and com-
plete the statements that follow.
The Galton Board https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=6YDHBFVIvIs
Post activity statements:
Three things that I significantly learned from
the video clip
Three things that are still unclear to me
I used to think that
Three questions that I want to ask about the
video clip
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REFERENCES
Keller, G.(2012). Managerial Statistics, 9th Edition. China: South-Western CENGAGE Learning.
Medenhall, W., Beaver R., Beaver, B. (2010). Probability and Statistics Fundamentals. Philippines:
CENGAGE Learning.
Gonzales, J., Nocon, R. (2013) Essential Statistics. Malabon City. Mutya Publishing House
Scheaffer, Mulekar, McClave. (2012). Probability and Statistics for Engineers. CENGAGE Learning.
Orines, F. (2008). Next Century Mathematics Advanced Algebra, Trigonometry, and
Statistics. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House
Earnhart, R., & Adina, E. (2018). Mathematics in the Modern World. Quezon City: C& E Publishing
Inc.
Deauna, M. (1996). Elementary Statistics for Basic Education. Quezon City: Phoenix
Publishing House.
Chua, S. (2016). Soaring 21st Century Mathematics Statistics and Probability. Quezon City: Phoenix
Publishing House.
Glen, S. "Normal Distributions (Bell Curve): Definition, Word Problems" From StatisticsHowTo.com:
Elementary Statistics for the rest of us! https://www.statisticshowto.com/probability-and-
statistics/normal-distributions/
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