Trends, Networks and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century

Quarter 2 – Module 3 - 7

Democratic Intervention

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 Module 3 Democratic
Intervention

What I Need to Know

This module demonstrates an understanding of the meaning and dimensions of democracy. The
democratic practices that people preferred will be identified and the importance of participation in
democracy will be explained thoroughly. Among the models of democracy, participatory and
representative will be differentiated. Democratic interventions will be assessed and formulate a viable
alternative to undemocratic practices.

How does democracy work? This overreaching question might be lingering in your mind and
wonder how people and government exercise democracy. Through this module the current state of
democracy in the Philippines will be analyzed. As well as examining the possible effects of democratic
and undemocratic practices related to factors such as gender biases, poverty, political marginalization,
racial inequality, cultural domination, crisis of representation and politics of recognition.

This module will help you looks into the nature of democracy, democratic practices and
interventions.
This module has five (5) lessons:
 Lesson 1- Democratic Practices
 Lesson 2- The Importance of Participation in Democracy
 Lesson 3- Participatory Versus Representative Democracy
 Lesson 4- Democratic Interventions Prevailing in Political and Social Institution
 Lesson 5- Viable Alternatives to Undemocratic practices

Learning Objectives
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Identify preferred democratic practices.
2. Explain the importance of participation in democracy. (HUMSS_MC T12-IId-f-1)
3. Differentiate participatory from representative democracy.

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4. Assess democratic interventions prevailing in political and social institutions.
5. Formulate a viable alternative to undemocratic practices.

General Instructions
To achieve the competencies of this module, complete the following:
1. Understand and follow the instructions carefully.
2. Accomplish the pre-test to identify your preparedness about the lessons in this module.
3. Refer your answers to the given answer key.
4. Read each lesson and do activities provided for you.
5. Demonstrate the activities to guide you in comprehending the lessons.
6. Take the self-test after each lesson to assess your understanding of the topics.
7. Answer the post-test to measure how much you have gained from the topics.

What I know
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Directions: Read and understand each item and choose the letter of the correct answer.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. The activity of choosing someone or something in an election.

A. Franchise C. Selection
B. Suffrage D. Voting

2. It defines ’minority’ as ’a group of people who share some characteristic by birth that makes their
group smaller than some other groups in a society and may cause others to treat them unfairly.’
A. Special protection program C. Equality
B. Human Rights D. Special protection for minorities in the society

3. The right to vote in political elections.

A. Suffrage C. Disagreement
B. Attestation D. Ballot

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4. A class of rights that protect individuals’ freedom from infringement by
governments, social organizations, and private individuals.
A. Civil and political rights C. Fundamental rights
B. Solidarity rights D. Human rights

5. Is a form of government in which the people have the authority to choose their governing
legislation.
A. Revolutionary C. Monarchy
B. Democracy D. Federalism
6. Prejudice against people of a particular gender.
A. Equity C. Gender Bias
B. Stereotype D. Gender Identity
7. It generally refer to traditional political families or the practices by these political families of
monopolizing political power and public offices.
A. Political Dynasty C. Political Misconduct
B. Political Marginalization D. Political Families

8. A model of democracy that allow people decide on policy initiatives directly.

A. Representative C. Direct
B. Free Press D. Civil Society

9. A model of democracy founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of

people, as opposed to direct democracy.

A. Participatory C. Revolutionary
B. Representative D. Federal

10. The state of being extremely poor.

A. Poverty C. Famish
B. Hunger D. Deprivation

TRUE OR FALSE: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is wrong.
11. In a democracy, people collectively exercise equal rights to participate in decision-
making processes.
12. In a participatory model of democracy, only a few members have the opportunity to
raise an issue, provide possible solutions to the problem, and take part in the crafting
of the final decision.
13. Representative democracy is founded on the principle of elected officials.

14. Participatory democracy is also known as direct democracy.

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15. In participatory democracy citizen need somebody to represent them instead of
voting directly on the issues.

16. In representative democracy elected officials will make decisions for the people and
propose laws.

17.The advantage of representative democracy is people can choose experts to make and
carry out decisions for them.

18. In a democracy, the civil and political rights of a citizen can be taken away from him or
her due to his or her race, morals, or way of life.

19. Freedom of movement, assembly, association, expression, and information

are examples of civil and political rights.

20. Real concept of democracy is not merely based on statistics or statistical democracy.

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 Democratic Practices

_______
Learning Concept
Don’t you know that the term democracy originates from a Greek words demos (people) and
kratos (rule) which means ruled by the people. The people under democracy exercise a genuine control
over the government and have equal rights to participate in the decision-making processes. It protects
individual liberties such as the right to free speech, privacy and even the right to remain silent in a police
interrogation. And since democracy is a type of government in which people are vested with supreme
power then we all can enjoy a fair and free elections and seek to control who will hold a position. Thus,
the assurance of political equality in which citizens preferences and interests are equally considered and
safeguarded by the state
There are several democratic practices that people preferred such as civil rights or our freedom
of speech, religion, right to vote, and public education. Another democratic practice preferred by
people is a respectable and bias-free mass media and equality before the law.

Before we discuss the identified democratic practices preferred by people let us first answer
the following activity.

What’s New
Learning Activity: My Democracy Concept Mapping
Complete the concept map below.
What is Democracy?

Definition of Democracy

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 Characteristic Concept Example

1. Civil Rights
Have you ever asked yourself what could you possible enjoy as a Filipino citizen? Well, we have
the freedom of speech but never go anything lewd or obscene as well as not to provokes violence or
disorder. That freedom limits us to create seditious messages and present danger to anyone.
Another civil right we obviously enjoy is the freedom of religion wherein our preference for a
religion cannot be endorsed by the state or anyone else. We can freely choose a religion we wanted to
embrace and practice.
An individual’s privilege and duty to vote should not be taken for granted since the choice of
majority will rule our country. Thus, the caption “vote wisely” should be practiced seriously. Lastly, we
are privileged to access a quality and public education at all levels.
2. Respectable and Bias-free Mass Media
For sure we all have our favorite channel to watch for news and current events but how reliable are
they? Do they fairly represent all groups? This might be a relevant question to consider as when a
station becomes bias with their reporting people will loss their trust like what happened last presidential
election where advertisement of a presidential candidate was refused by a certain network to show or
broadcast because they favor other candidates.
Media can influence our thoughts, manners, and even the way we live in the society because they are
some people who believes in any information without assuring if it a fact or merely a speculation. Thus,
a respectable and bias-free mass media is a thing Filipino should enjoy since it is part of their civil right.
3. Equality before the law
All persons are equal in the eye of the law regardless of status, wealth or power just like how the
statue of Lady Justice wearing blindfold. Aside from the blindfold the statue also carries a balance
scale which means that it is going to weigh the evidence presented to the court and it should look
and compare each side as justice is done. And the sword which is unsheathed is a symbol that justice
is transparent and not an implement of fear.

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 Credit: http://www.statue.com/Products/Blind-Justice-Lady-Justice-Themis/
A right to a fair trial is a visible practice in the Philippines thus the court presumed innocent until the
contrary is proved beyond reasonable doubt or proven guilty.

Learning Activity: Democratic Practices in the Philippines

The learners should be able to identify some preferred practices in the Philippines.

Examples of democratic
practices in the Philippines

Topic: What are examples of democratic practices in the Philippines?

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 Learning Activity: Name the Lady of Justice symbol
Identify the symbols asked in each item. Choose an answer below.

SWORD BLINDFOLD BALANCE SCALES

A symbol which represent the obligation of the law to weigh the evidence
presented to the court.

A symbol that represent the enforcement of justice and protection of the law or
defense.

A symbol that represents the objectivity of the law that it doesn’t let outside
factors, such as politics, wealth or fame, influence its decisions.

What’s More

Exit ticket:
After gaining knowledge about democracy and identifies the practices preferred by citizen lets test
your comprehension and reasoning on the present pandemic by answering the question that follows.
What is the relationship between Covid – 19 and the level of democracy? Will the related deaths
decrease as the level of democracy increases? Why

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LESSON

2 in
The Essence of Participation in Democracy

Learning Concept

Now that you have gained background about Democracy that it is a people ‘vote, individual
rights are protected, laws to protect and majority rule. It’s time for you to discover about the
importance of participation in democracy. They say that citizens make the future of the country, but
how can citizen do something useful or contribute to the development of the country? Participation
plays a vital role in order to achieve success for example participation in poverty reduction and
participations from a human rights perspective.

We are driven to live in better conditions so it is our individual duty to do everything to

achieve it. By actively participating in democracy private individual will be provided with opportunity
to influence public decisions and be a part of democratic decision-making process.

“While democracy is the process whereby the people collectively decide on the priorities and
policies of public life, human rights are the individual guarantees that the state is set to uphold and
respect– and that make participation in democratic governance meaningful.”
https://www.sida.se/contentassets/ab660766bcdd4129ac018be2fe19d8b6/participation-in-
democratic-governance_746.pdf

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ACTIVITY
Participatory Democracy in Practice Observation and Reflection Writing
In your entire being you have experience to vote in various elections like election on a classroom
and election on student government officers. Have you observed how participatory democracy is
practiced during elections? Describe and discuss the importance and impact of participation in this
election.

MODULE 4

Current
LESSON Participatory Versus

3
Representative Democracy

Learning Concept
We already gain knowledge about the importance of participation democracy so now
we will deepen your understanding by differentiating participatory and representative democracy.
Participatory government is also known as direct democracy where all people vote on all decisions. They
don’t need somebody to represent them but rather vote on issues directly. The only advantage of
participatory democracy is that people have all the power. The disadvantages are uninformed people
vote on issues and it will only work in small groups.

In representative democracy, people vote an elected official like congressman to vote on issues for them. This
elect official will make decisions for the people and propose laws.

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The only advantage of this representative democracy is people can choose experts to make and carry
out decisions for them. The disadvantage is that we can never guarantee that the official we elected or
leader will represent people’s interest.

Learning Activity: Representative or Participatory?

The learner will identify the following illustration as representative or participatory democracy.

People Representative Laws -

People Laws -

LESSON

4
Democratic Interventions Prevailing in political and
Social Institutions

Learning Concept
When applying for a government vacant position, the responsible agency will
announce the vacancy to the public and accept qualified applicants and evaluate them all
fairly with no personal interest of a favored applicant to place in the position. This is an
example of democratic social interventions. The same persons or families were being tapped
as vacancies arose should no longer be practiced to achieve democracy in the social
institution.

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 Political dynasty is rampant in the Philippines it happens when an elected government
official is succeeded by a member of his household up to the first degree of consanguinity or
affinity and when several members of the family occupies various positions in the
government. This make it unfair to a new aspiring politician or talents to penetrate and in
effect it will decrease the level of political participation among the populace.
As citizens, to practice democracy we should give fair chance to all political candidates
and not be persuade patronizing political dynasty.

What’s New
Learning Activity: Photo Analysis
Looking at the photo below, what can you say about political dynasty and how will it affects
our democracy?

https://politicalissuexe1.wordpress.com/2014/04/07/political-dynasty/

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LESSON

5
Viable Alternative to Undemocratic Practices

Learning Concept
Undemocratic practices are very evident in everywhere just like gender biases, poverty,
political marginalization, racial inequality, cultural domination, crisis of representation and
politics of recognition. The biggest challenge is how to stop it and make it right by formulating a
viable alternative.
Gender bias occur when there is unequal treatment on men and women because of
their gender. In order to eliminate gender biases, we should prohibit gender discrimination,
learn awareness and acceptance.
Poverty is the state of being extremely poor. Some families remain poor due to lack of
opportunities, education and skills. To achieve social equity the Philippine government, launch a
special program like the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program to eradicate poverty. Part of the
condition of the program is to provide family development sessions to the grantees and this is
very helpful since front liners of the program are educating parents at home.
Political Marginalization is an effect of political exclusions that prevents or limits the
enjoyment of certain rights. Just like how women are less likely to win a position in an election
due to prejudice. So, we should give fair chance to everyone regardless of gender.
Racial Inequality is defined as disparity in opportunity and treatment that occurs as a
result of someone’s race. An example of racial inequality is Asian students are more likely to
receive a scholarship from an Asian non-profit organization than a non-Asian student.

Cultural domination is defined as cultural practice that is dominant within a particular

political, social or economic entity, in which multiple cultures are present.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominant_culture)

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 What’s New
Learning Activity: Photo Analysis

Looking at the photo below, how will you apply the democratic principle in resolving gender
inequality.

https://gem-report-2017.unesco.org/en/chapter/gender_accountability_through_school/

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 Module 5 Information
Communication Technology
(ICT)

What I Need to Know

Information and communication technology (ICT) is considered as an important part of the
development of the modern world. It started with the invention of first modern postal system, to the
invention of the telephone, and of course the first computers. The Age of Industrial Revolution which
begun in the 18th century has produced numerous inventions and advances that made agricultural
societies became more industrialized and urban. ICT saw gigantic progress during this period like the
invention of better printing methods, the telegraph cables, and later on the telephone. But the novelty
of ICT during the Age of Industrial Revolution was the actual invention of technology that made
countries and continents connected that have never been possible before.
To date, ICT shape access to people. The existence of computers, mobile phones and the
internet are not only ground-breaking actual inventions but an exceptional accessibility to a lot of
people. It is even produced cheaper to be accessible to average worker so it means anyone who needs it
can simply have it nowadays. Various services and applications are also associated with ICT just like the
in-demand video conferencing of business meetings and distance learning like online classes.
This module discusses the different dimensions of ICT, which takes into consideration the
benefits it brings to the society and challenges it poses. One interesting development which will be
explore as we go along with the lesson is the role played by ICT in facilitating social relationships and
even organizing political movements. It may have started long ago during Industrial Revolution but sure
enough it reaches in the global scale definitely belongs to the 21 st century.

This module has five (5) lessons:

 Lesson 1 - Dimensions of Technology
 Lesson 2 - Benefits of Technology
 Lesson 3 - Weakest Link in a System using Strategic and Intuitive Thinking
 Lesson 4 - How ICT can Facilitate Social Relationships and Political Movements

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 Lesson 5 - Creative Interventions to Improve Human Life using ICT

Learning Objectives

After undergoing through this module, you are likely to:

1. Identify the dimensions of technology that are enabling and inhibiting.

2. Discuss the benefits of technology.
3. Explain the weakest link in a system using strategic and intuitive thinking.
4. Explain how information communication technology can facilitate social
relationships and political movements.
5. Propose a creative intervention to improve human life using ICT.

General Instructions

To achieve the competencies of this module, complete the following:

1. Understand and follow the instructions carefully.
2. Accomplish the pre-test to identify your preparedness about the lessons in this module.
3. Refer your answers to the given answer key.
4. Read each lesson and do activities provided for you.
5. Demonstrate the activities to guide you in comprehending the lessons.
6. Take the self-test after each lesson to assess your understanding of the topics.
7. Answer the post-test to measure how much you have gained from the topics.

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 What I know

A. Fill up the A-B-C Chart. Write on the A-column what you know about the topic and on the B-
column what you want to know about the topic. At the end of the lesson, fill up the C-column with
what you have learned after all the class discussions and activities.

A B C
ICT and economic
growth
ICT and classroom
learning
ICT and social
movements

B. True or False. Write T if the statement is true and F it is false.

1. The growth in the ICT industry resulted in the expansion of the world economy as
well.
2. The Philippines went against the tide and experienced a downward trend in the
use of ICT in its industries.
3. ICT is able to create jobs directly from within its industry and in the other industries
that it service.
4. Businesses gains from ICT by bringing more efficiency in the
manufacturing, marketing, and distribution of their goods and services.
5. Cloud computing was brought about because of the problems of limited storage,
corruption of files, expensive cost of computation, and application hosting.
6. There is an equal distribution of ICT in both the urban and rural setting.
7. Teledensity in developed countries are increasing, but in developing countries, it
is decreasing.
8. Mobile phones have overtaken the use of landlines or permanent fixture telephones
as primary communication device.
9. ICT is confined to the technological, academic, and business sectors and can be
considered apolitical.
10. Industries under the ICT sector fulfill and/or enable the processing,
communication, transmission, and display of information using electric means.

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 LESSON

1 Dimensions of Technology

Learning Concept

In this section, we will discuss the nature of Information and Communication Technology (ICT),
identify its dimensions and contributions. Have you ever asked yourself what ICT means and how does it
contribute to the development of our country? Information and Communication Technology usually
abbreviated as ICT, refer to the diverse set of technological tools such as smartphone, computer, radio,
television, network hardware and software, satellite systems and the various services and applications
related with them, such as video conferencing and distant learning and other resources used to
transmit, store, create, share or exchange information.
ICT’s far-reaching implication is not just in business but also in the delivery of social services. The
World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS), which took place in Geneva in 2003 and Tunis in 2005,
was the first major United Nations event dedicated to improve people’s quality of life and for them to
reach their fullest potential within the larger framework of sustainable development and human rights
with the use of ICT. ICT is built in four dimensions - namely computing, communications, content, and
human capacity.

1. Computing

It is any activity that uses computers to manage, process, and communicate information. It
includes development of both hardware and software. Computing is a critical, integral component of
modern industrial technology. (en.m.wikipedia.org)

1.1 Transition to Broadband

In telecommunications, broadband is wide bandwidth data transmission which
transports multiple signals and traffic types. The medium can be coaxial cable, optical fiber,
radio or twisted pair. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadband)

Broadband have been described as high-speed internet access and since it offers high-
quality connectivity it allows uninterrupted video streaming and

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computerized stock trading which made business transaction effortless. Thus, infrastructure
development must continue in order to achieve the national goals related to ICT.

https://whatismyipaddress.com/broadband

https://www.imoney.ph/articles/broadband-internet-providers-philippines/

1.2 Cloud computing and the cloud economy

Cloud computing is another innovation in the field of technology as it addresses

problems like limited storage, corruption of files, expensive cost of computation, and application
hosting by connecting a large pool of systems, whether public or private, in order to provide an
infrastructure for computation, data and file storage. So, when you store your photos online
instead of on your own personal computer terminal, a webmail, a social networking site, or
an online

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 business application then you are using cloud computing. This way users wont encounter problems
where to store their files.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing

Cloud providers offers services that fall under three categories: software as a service,
platform as a service, and infrastructure as a service. Software as a service provides Internet-based
applications that are hosted on a cloud and these services can be get by the customer without paying
huge sums for servers and software licenses. Providers will similarly benefit with lower cost since they
only need a single application to maintain and hosted. Examples of software as a service cloud
computing models are Acrobat.com and Google Docs. Platform as a service allows the end users to
develop, build, design and test applications using platform provided by the cloud infrastructure.
Examples of platform as a service cloud computing models are Azure Services and Google App Engine
Platform. Lastly, infrastructure as a service computing model provides basic storage and computing
capabilities using servers, networking equipment, storage systems, and the like. Since it is a pay-per-use
model then customer have to use his own software on the infrastructure. Examples are GoGrid and
Amazon Web Services.

1.3 Datafication, data management, and big data analysis

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Datafication is the term used to describe an organizational trend to the process of putting together all
the tools and technology needed to transform a business into a data driven enterprise.
Datafication is important in ensuring that business organizations and other similar establishments have
total control over the storage, extraction, and manipulation of data and other information.
Business organizations felt on data and extracted knowledge and information to perform necessary
transactions and operations.

Data management is the implementation of policies and procedures that provides the guidelines for
data control. It is concern with the life cycle of data, from creation to retirement, and the progression of
data from within each stage of the cycle. With data management duplication can be avoided while
synchronizing data across different system. It also provides access to accurate data when and where it is
needed yet ensuring free flow of information and communication.

Big data analysis describes the gathering and analysis of large-scale data sets for administrative or
commercial purposes,

1.4 Smart systems

Today’s world having computer or mobile phone that keeps you connected is not enough
because the system that rubs them has to be “smart” thus this pave to the upgrade of your gadgets as
smart phones, smart TV, and smart cars are now possible. This system monitors, communicates,
measures, analyzes, and acts varying levels of smart systems. It may also collect data, process them and
present the information to a human operator who acts based on the information. An example of this are
smart television or connected television which is essentially internet connected.

2. Communication

Can you imagine how people could live without communications? Life could be lonely for someone
working abroad being far from loved ones. But this is no longer a problem with the presence of
technology. One can call in a blink of an eye using our smart phone through messenger, skype or video
call to get connected and ease the loneliness of missing home. One of the most dramatic changes that
takes place in the field of communication is probably the rapid spread of mobile telephony. With this
people are allowed to communicate instantaneously at a distance no matter where they are as long as
there is an existing network that services the area. Mobile devices are extremely portable that it can fit
in your hand and have become the primary mode of internet access for many users not only in
developed, but also in developing countries.

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Other trends that have emerged since 2010 are:

a. Mobile phones is digital device that can serve the function of a radio, a camera, an alarm clock, a
video player, a flashlight, an audio, a calendar and so much more. So, it performs multiple functions
aside from its primary purpose as telephone.

b. The spread of 3G connections and available Wi-Fi connections have increased the use of internet
access through mobile phones, making it possible to access one’s e-mail address, do online banking, and
video chat using a handled device.

c. The price of mobile handsets and mobile phone usage has been falling. Unlike before where mobile
phone is considered a luxury at present you can afford to have one because it is cheapest now than it
has ever been.

d. The rampant availability and use of smart phones has led to the creation of new mobile applications
or what we called “apps” that allows mobile devices to substitute for personal computers.
e. Tablet computers have also emerged with built-in functions of personal computers in portable
devices. It also designed to be continuously online and use cloud services. Like smart phones, the use of
tablet computers has increased following its adoption of government and international agencies, which
sees it as an important development tool.

So, can you appreciate the comfort you experience now a days compared to the ancient time
where people live without technology? At home you can used your computer for doing research works,
projects and preparing assignment. For communication purposes you can get in touch with your loved
ones abroad, classmates and friends through video call or messenger with your smartphone using
internet.

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Learning Activity: Photo Analysis

With your analyzation on the photo below, how do you think technology helps mobile companies in this era?

https://www.tgdaily.com/technology/technology-how-technology-helps-mobile-companies-in-this- era/

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3. Content
The relevance of ICT is tied to its ability to be integrated into the delivery of traditional
services like education, business, and employment. And its meaningful usage is carried out if it
is applied to specific development goals like literacy, poverty reduction, and sustainable
development.

4. Human Capacity

It is important to acquire all the necessary skills and knowledge related to ICT in order
to understand, participate actively in, and benefit fully from ICT. Improving human capacity
means ICT in education and training at all levels of society including distance learning.

Learning Activity: Connected or Disconnected?

Choose whether the following devices or applications connect or
disconnect people from each other. Explain your answer.

1. Messenger

.
2. Facebook

.
3. Play Station

.
4. Tablet computers

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5. Drones

.
6. Smart TV

7. Mobile Games

8. Digital Cameras

9. Pokemon Go

10. Instagram

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 MODULE 6

LESSON

2 Benefits of Technology

Learning Concept
There are countless benefits of technology it does not only provide jobs to millions of
people around the world but for stimulation of innovation and business expansion. New and
more advance ethnologies are needed for the continuous competitiveness of business and an
indispensable tool for industry leaders to stay on top.

1. Direct job creation

The ICT industry continues to be one of the largest sources of employment. From
the core ICT group, the greatest number of establishments are found in ICT enabled
services, broadcast media, and computer hardware, while the ones that employs the
utmost number of workers are IT-BPM, electronics and semiconductors, and computer
hardware firms.

2. Emergence of new services and industries

The emergence of ICT paved the way for public services to gain greater accessibility by
using online channels and mobile phones. ICT has also led to the creation of a completely new
sector, which is the app industry. Study shows that Facebook app alone has created more than
182,000 jobs in 2011, and that the aggregate value of the Facebook app economy exceeds
USD 12 billion.

3. Transformation of the workforce

ICT has pushed the boundaries of the work place structure just how online classes
done. If you want to teach online abroad no need for you to

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go abroad like China and Japan but stay at the comfort of your home and technology will
handle it. Being employed nowadays does not have to mean that you have to be physically
present in the actual company or establishment. Filipinos are so smart to sell and advertise
products online using Facebook that they no longer need a physical store to display. Selling
products nowadays is accessible.

4. Business innovation
ICT provides all the needed tools for business expansion and innovation. Social networking sites
have proven themselves as effective and powerful marketing tools such as Facebook, online store like
Shoppe and Lazada. Filipinos are so smart to sell and advertise products online using Facebook that they
no longer need a physical store to display. Selling products nowadays is accessible.

Learning Activity: Technology in the Classroom

Video Viweing. There may still be some apprehensions in the use of technology in the
classroom but for the most part, there is acceptance that technology plays a vital role in
improving learning inside the classroom.
These videos shows different perspectives on how technology can be utilized effectively
as opposed to being an impediment to student learning.

1. The Future of Education (Learning and Teaching)

(Presented by Pocket Media)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9DwQDL6K3ws
2. Technology in Education: A Future Classroom
(presented by Nemroff Pictures)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZ73ZsBkcus
3. 5 Technologies that will Change Classroom education
(Presented by AJ+) https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=loFL5gT_m8 I

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LESSON Weakest Link in a System using Strategic and Intuitive Thinking

3 Learning Concept
While the potential benefits of ICT are abundant, some challenges still need to
be addressed in order to maximize the full gains from investing in this technology.
As to date, personal computers are still prohibitively expensive for many. This is
the reason why shared access through community centers and cybercafes is still
practiced. Complementary technologies that are non-PC devices like mobile phones
should be made into a viable option.
Mobile telephony has improved worldwide but it still remains expensive,
limited, unreliable in rural areas, remote island, and poor at providing data
connection.
In several cases, content is not meaningful or locally relevant to the end users.
The system today tends to make the consumers passive recipient of information
instead of creators and producers of local information. In addition, rich content
required multimedia, which, in turn, requires a consistent and reliable broadband
connectivity.
Computer literacy remains a challenge. This means that users need to be
aware, literate, and innovative to maximize the full gains from ICT. Just as reading
and mathematical literacy are considered as priorities and necessities by both the
state and society, the same should be true for ICT. ICT is a language of its own.
People are empowered if they can master this language.

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 What’s New
Learning Activity: See Saw Battle
List at list three positive and three negative effects of the proliferation of the use of ICT in Society. How
do you balance the use of ICT to minimize its negative effects?

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 MODULE 7
LESSON ICT to Facilitate Social Relationships and Political Movements

4 Learning Concept

Technology has become an integral part of people’s lives and it has changed the way we
think, communicate and plan events with friends.
However, with the expansion of the internet and communication and the creations of e-mails
and social networks such as Tweeter , Facebook, and Instagram social relationships took their
first steps towards a completely new era. The development of both software and hardware
makes communication much easier.

ICT facilitate social relationship as it makes people closer. We can instantly text or call
using our phone and with the presence of social media people can easily update themselves
with the latest trends and get connected with friends and loved ones.

Technologies such as radio, the Internet and the mobile phone provides a variety of
illustrations of their uses and applications in social struggles, large and small for political
movements. Politicians takes so much advantage on technology as it helps them build their
image by broadcasting their platforms and achievement to gain popularity from people.

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 


Learning Activity: Photo Analysis

Analyzed the photo below and explain how technology makes people connected.

https://www.thechiefofficer.com/Nurturing-Positive-Relationships.html

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 LESSON

5
Intervention to Improve Human Life using ICT

Learning Concept
Technology has help human race tremendously but with the countless positivity
it brings it could still destroy human and relationship if used wrongly and excessively. A
growing up child if allowed to excessively used mobile for entertainment then technology will
likely destroy that child for it could possibly lead to mobile addiction and loses interest at
school. So, used of technology among children should be regulated and guided by parents.

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 Te

Learning Activity: Photo Analysis

What do you think the photo below illustrate? What intervention you could possibly come
up to save human relationship with the presence of technology?

https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/health-family/parenting/how-technology-and-
social-media-is-undermining-family-relationships-1.3568291

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 What I have learned

 Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) refers to technologies that provide access to
information through telecommunications. It is similar to Information Technology (IT), but
focuses primarily on communication technologies.
 Computing is any activity that uses computers to manage, process, and communicate
information. It includes development of both hardware and software.
 Broadband is the most used form of Internet access because of its high access speeds; it is
offered in four different forms, DSL (or Digital Subscriber Line), also fiber-optic, cable, and
satellite.
 Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data
storage and computing power, without direct active management by the user.
 Datafication is a collective tools, technologies and processes used to transform an organization
to a data-driven enterprise.
 Data Management comprises all disciplines related to managing data as a valuable resource.
 Big Data Analysis describes the gathering and analysis of large-scale data sets for administrative
or commercial purposes.
 Smart systems incorporate functions of sensing, actuation, and control in order to describe and
analyze a situation, and make decisions based on the available data in a predictive or adaptive
manner, thereby performing smart actions.
 Communication the imparting or exchanging of information or news.

1. Assessment

I. Essay: Answer the following question.

1. How does Information and Communications Technology (ICT) contribute to national development?

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2. How do the four dimensions of ICT bring about better delivery of social services in both the
urban and rural setting?

3. How would you assess the impact of technology to society? Explain your answer by giving
examples.

.
4. How does ICT act as catalyst to political and social changes?

.
5. How does ICT affect the country’s economy?

II Performance Task

Write a position paper that explains your idea about the roles, benefits, and ill- effects of ICT to
Philippines politics, economy, society, and culture. Give clear examples to back-up your arguments.

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 Question:
In a participatory democracy, which of the following best describes the role of citizens in the decision-making process?

A) Citizens directly vote on every policy issue and make all decisions themselves.
B) Citizens elect representatives who make decisions on their behalf.
C) Citizens have no role in the decision-making process.
D) Citizens provide advice and suggestions to elected officials, but the final decisions are made by the representatives.

Please select the correct answer from the options provided.

Question:
Read the following scenario and answer the question that follows:

Scenario:
A community is considering implementing a new park in their neighborhood. They want to involve residents in the decision-making process. A public
meeting is organized where citizens can share their opinions, propose ideas, and collectively decide on the park's design, amenities, and location.
The final decision will be made based on the consensus reached by the participating residents.

Based on the scenario, what type of democracy is being practiced in this community?

A) Participatory democracy
B) Representative democracy
C) Autocratic democracy
D) Oligarchic democracy

Please select the correct answer from the options provided.

Question:
A country is holding elections to choose their representatives for the national parliament. In this situation, which of the following best exemplifies the
functioning of representative democracy?

A) Citizens actively participate in decision-making processes by attending public forums and providing their input on policies.

B) Candidates present their platforms and campaigns to the public, and citizens vote to elect the representatives they believe will best represent their
interests.

C) Elected representatives have absolute power and make decisions without consulting citizens or taking their opinions into account.

D) Citizens directly vote on every policy issue, and their collective decisions determine the course of action for the country.

Please select the correct answer from the options provided.

Question 1:
In a town hall meeting, community members gather to discuss a proposed infrastructure project that will affect the entire neighborhood. Attendees have
the opportunity to voice their opinions, ask questions, and provide suggestions. This situation exemplifies which democratic practice?

A) Direct democracy
B) Participatory democracy
C) Representative democracy
D) Authoritarian regime

Question 2:
A group of students at a university organizes a peaceful protest to raise awareness about climate change and advocate for stronger environmental
policies. They engage in public demonstrations, distribute informational materials, and seek to influence public opinion. This situation demonstrates
which democratic practice?

A) Freedom of assembly
B) Universal suffrage
C) Rule of law
D) Censorship

Question 3:
A government agency is conducting public consultations on a proposed law regarding healthcare reforms. They invite individuals, organizations, and
experts to submit their feedback and suggestions through written submissions or public hearings. This situation illustrates which democratic
practice?

A) Civic engagement
B) Transparency
C) Checks and balances
D) Single-party rule

Question 4:
A country holds regular elections to choose its leaders, including the head of state and members of parliament. Citizens over the age of 18 are eligible to
vote, and the election process is conducted in a fair and transparent manner. This situation exemplifies which democratic practice?

A) Universal suffrage
B) Separation of powers
C) Civil liberties
D) Totalitarian regime

Question 1:
In a town hall meeting, community members gather to discuss a proposed infrastructure project that will affect the entire neighborhood. Attendees have
the opportunity to voice their opinions, ask questions, and provide suggestions. This situation exemplifies which democratic practice?

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39
 A) Direct democracy
B) Participatory democracy
C) Representative democracy
D) Authoritarian regime

Question 2:
A group of students at a university organizes a peaceful protest to raise awareness about climate change and advocate for stronger environmental
policies. They engage in public demonstrations, distribute informational materials, and seek to influence public opinion. This situation demonstrates
which democratic practice?

A) Freedom of assembly
B) Universal suffrage
C) Rule of law
D) Censorship

Question 3:
A government agency is conducting public consultations on a proposed law regarding healthcare reforms. They invite individuals, organizations, and
experts to submit their feedback and suggestions through written submissions or public hearings. This situation illustrates which democratic
practice?

A) Civic engagement
B) Transparency
C) Checks and balances
D) Single-party rule

Question 4:
A country holds regular elections to choose its leaders, including the head of state and members of parliament. Citizens over the age of 18 are eligible to
vote, and the election process is conducted in a fair and transparent manner. This situation exemplifies which democratic practice?

A) Universal suffrage
B) Separation of powers
C) Civil liberties
D) Totalitarian regime

Question 1:
In a country, the ruling party consistently restricts freedom of speech and censors critical voices in the media. Journalists who attempt to report on
government corruption are intimidated and face legal consequences. This situation exemplifies which undemocratic practice?

A) Censorship
B) Rule of law
C) Freedom of press
D) Pluralism

Answer: A) Censorship

Question 2:
A government passes a law that prohibits opposition parties from participating in elections, effectively ensuring the ruling party's continued power. This
situation demonstrates which undemocratic practice?

A) Universal suffrage
B) Political pluralism
C) Authoritarianism
D) Freedom of association

Answer: B) Political pluralism

Question 3:
In a country, the head of state consistently disregards the decisions made by the legislature and rules by decree, without any checks or balances. This
situation reflects which undemocratic practice?

A) Separation of powers
B) Constitutionalism
C) Dictatorship
D) Popular sovereignty

Answer: A) Separation of powers

Question 4:
A government regularly conducts fraudulent elections, manipulating the voting process and suppressing opposition voices to ensure their continued hold
on power. This situation exemplifies which undemocratic practice?

A) Universal suffrage
B) Electoral fraud
C) Free and fair elections
D) Transparency

Answer: B) Electoral fraud

Question 1:
In the Philippines, a prominent political activist is arrested and charged with sedition for criticizing government policies in a public speech. This situation
raises concerns about which aspect of democracy?

A) Freedom of speech and expression

B) Electoral system

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 C) Judicial independence
D) Media freedom

Answer: A) Freedom of speech and expression

Question 2:
During a national election in the Philippines, there are widespread reports of vote-buying, where candidates offer money or gifts to voters in exchange for
their support. This situation highlights challenges related to which democratic practice?

A) Universal suffrage
B) Free and fair elections
C) Political participation
D) Separation of powers

Answer: B) Free and fair elections

Question 3:
In the Philippines, a proposed law is passed by the legislature without proper public consultation or input from affected stakeholders. This situation raises
concerns about which democratic principle?

A) Checks and balances

B) Popular sovereignty
C) Rule of law
D) Transparency

Answer: D) Transparency

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