Candlestick Charting Quick Reference Guide Candle Definition “ : ¥ ¢ 8 BULLISH BEARISH UPPER SHADOW (GREEN) (RED) REAL BODY CANDLE CANDLE ri L _ t LOWER SHADOW Candle Properties Colour ‘© The colour is generally displayed as green and red BULLISH BEARISH Slee oat ccna (GREEN) (RED) Spen CANDLE CANDLE Body Size ‘The body size represents the degree to which the LARGE SMALL bulls overcome the bears Koren: candle) or the bears REAL REAL a tvercorme te bus (red cn). «Ailing body shows nerensd commitment. BODY BODY A sr boty shows reduced commitment Range range ofthe candle is the distance from the hi tothe lon, and represents te vlauty ofthe pis WIDE NARROW thang tne wade session RANGE RANGE Awe range shows Increased volt. A narrow range shows rad Yay. ‘Shadow Location UPPER LOWER per eee ean tor Mon econ of SHADOW jm SHADOW + ECE tay ston eatin tte | | (SELLING) [lf (BUYING) athDoji Bullish / Bearish Reversal escription ‘+ BULLISH or BEARISH single candle Reversal Pattern, ‘+The open is equal to (or almost equal to) the close, resulting in no real body. Indecision in the markt — neither the bulls nor bears are in control ‘+The Dot can be found at the top or bottom. The Gravestone Doji fs usually found at a top reversal ‘The Dragonfly Doi is usually Found at a bottom reversal DRAGONFLY Doul Dod! GRAVESTONE Dou! Setup A trending market - an uptrend for a bearish reversal, or a downtrend for a bullish reversal. Psycholoay ‘A Doji indicates a ‘tug-of-war’ between the bulls and bears in which neither party was dominant. Price may have been driven up and/or down from the open, but was driven back to close equal to (or almost equal to) the opening price. This indecision in the market often precedes a change in trend to either a sideways or a reverse direction trend. ‘The Gravestone Doji is more bearish, and therefore more effective at a market top. The Dragonfly Doji is more bullish, and therefore more effective at a market bottom Confirmation The price trades above the doji at a market bottom, or below the doji at a market top.Shooting Star Bearish Reversal escription ‘+ BEARISH single candle Reversal Pattern. ‘© Market gaps up to Shooting Star candle. + Colour can be RED or GREEN. of the real body. + Upper Shadow is at east 2 times the size | Setup Uptrend Psycholoay The bulls continue the uptrend by gapping the price up at the open and driving it to new highs. The bears come back in force though and drive price back down. A red Shooting Star is more bearish than a green Shooting Star, due to the bears ability to force the close of the candle below the opening price. Confirmation ‘The price trades below the body of the Shooting Star candle. ll Ms l * art I hy I !Hanging Man Bearish Reversal ‘© Lower Shadow is at least 2 times the size of the real body. Description + BEARISH single candle Reversal Pattern. + Market gaps up to Hanging Man candle. Setup Uptrend Psycholoay The uptrend initially appeared that it would continue strongly as the price gapped up at the open, however the bears fought back strongly driving price convincingly lower. Although the bulls were able to resist the downward pressure, this is only temporary. A red Hanging Man is more bearish than a green Hanging Man, due to the bulls inability to force the close of the candle above the opening price. The Hanging Man is not considered as bearish as the Shooting Star, due to the fact that the bulls were able to fight back to some degree. Confirmation ‘The price trades below the body of the Hanging Man candle.Hammer Bullish Reversal escription + BULLISH single candle Reversal Pattern. + Market ideally gaps down to Hammer candle. + Colour can be RED or GREEN. + Lower Shadow Is at least 2 times the size of the real body. Setup Downtrend Psycholoay The bears continue the downtrend by gapping the price down at the open and driving it to new lows. The bulls come back in force though and drive price back up. A green Hammer is, more bullish than a red Hammer, due to the bulls ability to force the close of the candle above the opening price. Confirmation ‘The price trades above the Hammer candie’s real body.Inverted Hammer Bullish Reversal escription ‘+ BULLISH single candle Reversal Pattern. © Market ideally gaps down to Inverted Hammer | | | | candle. + Colour can be RED or GREEN. + Upper Shadow Is at least 2 times the size of the real body. Setup Downtrend Psycholoay The downtrend initially appeared that it would continue strongly as the price gapped down at the open, however the bulls fought back strongly driving price convincingly higher. Although the bears were able to resist the upward pressure, this is only temporary. A green Inverted Hammer is more bullish than a red Inverted Hammer, due to the bear's inability to force the close of the candle below the opening price. The Inverted Hammer is not considered as bullish as the Hammer, due to the fact that the bears were able to fight back to some degree. Confirmation ‘The price trades above the body of the Inverted Hammer candle.Bullish Engulfing Bullish Reversal escription + BULLISH two candle Reversal Pattern. + 1% candle has a smaller RED real body. | | | + 2 longer GREEN candle completely engulfs the first candle body. Setup Downtrend Psycholoay This is a very bullish reversal pattern in which the bulls inflict a rapid and decisive victory over the bears. The downtrend continues via a red bodied candle. The opening of the next candle ideally gaps down (continued sign of bearishness) however the bulls then drive the price upwards to close the candle above the open of the red bodied candle. The name “bullish engulfing’ Is due to the fact that the real body of the green candle completely engulfs the real body of the red candle. Confirmation ‘The price trades above the body of the green candle. rel i itBearish Engulfing Bearish Reversal escription BEARISH two candle Reversal Pattern. 1* candle has a smaller GREEN real body. 2"4 longer RED candle completely engulfs the 1" candle body. Setup Uptrend Psycholoay This is a very bearish reversal pattern in which the bears inflict a rapid and decisive victory over the bulls. The uptrend continues via a green bodied candle. The opening of the next candle ideally gaps upwards (continued sign of bullishness) however the bears then drive the price down to close the candle below the open of the green bodied candle. The name “bearish engulfing’ is due to the fact that the real body of the red candle completely engulfs the real body of the green candle. Confirmation ‘The price trades below the body of the red candle. ttPiercing Pattern Bullish Reversal escription + BULLISH two candle Reversal Pattern. + 1% candle has a RED real body. + 2° GREEN candle opens below, and closes in the upper half of the 1% candle body. Setup Downtrend Psycholoay The downtrend continues via a red bodied candle. The opening of the next candle ideally gaps down (continued sign of bearishness) however the bulls then drive the price back up showing renewed strength and a potential change of trend. The bulls win the battle closing the candle in the upper half of the red candle’s body. Note that this is not as bullish as the bullish engulfing pattern, in which the bulls were able to drive the price higher to close above the first candle’s real body. Confirmation The price trades above the real body of the green candle.Dark Cloud Cover Bearish Reversal escription ‘+ BEARISH two candle Reversal Pattern. + 1% candle has a GREEN real body. ‘+ 2 RED candle opens above, and closes in the lower half of the 1* candle body. Setup Uptrend Psycholoay The uptrend continues via a green bodied candle. The opening of the next candle ideally {gaps up (continued sign of bullishness) however the bears then drive the price back down showing renewed strength and a potential change of trend. The bears win the battle closing the candle in the lower half of the green candle’s body. Note that this is not as bearish as the bearish engulfing pattern, in which the bears were able to drive the price lower to close below the first candle’s real body. Confirmation ‘The price trades below the real body of the red candle. Le i, Lat IHarami Bullish / Bearish Reversal Description © usr seas oan ee # Me ll Pattern 2 cowie =| fd + 2" candle real body is contained within the 1* Candle real body. This candle may be either green or red. Setup A trending market - an uptrend for a bearish reversal, or a downtrend for a bullish reversal. Psychology Bearish Harami - Often found at a market top, the uptrend continues with the bulls driving price higher to complete a green candle. The second candle shows indecision as the price then stalls. Neither the bulls nor the bears are able to dominate, resulting in a small candle of either colour contained within the first body candle. This indecision often precedes a change to sideways congestion or a reversal of the trend. Bullish Harami - Opposite of the above, found at a bottom reversal. Confirmation ‘The price trades above the pattern for a bottom reversal, or below the pattern for a top reversal.Harami Cross Bullish / Bearish Reversal Description «sor sss wo and avers +) = | I Pattern | | + +1 candle continues the trend direction + 2% candle is a Doi, and is contained within the 1 candle real body. Setup A trending market - an uptrend for a bearish reversal, or a downtrend for a bullish reversal. Psychology Bearish Harami Cross - Often found at a market top, the uptrend continues with the bulls driving price higher to complete a green candle. The second candle shows indecision as the price then stalls to form a dojj. Neither the bulls nor the bears are able to dominate. This, indecision often precedes a change to sideways congestion or a reversal of the trend. Bullish Harami Cross ~ Opposite of the above, found at a bottom reversal. Confirmation ‘The price trades above the pattern for a bottom reversal, or below the pattern for a top reversal, a iMorning Star Bullish Reversal escription ‘+ BULLISH three candle Reversal Pattern. + 1% candle has a long RED real body. | | + Market gaps down to 2" small body candle (either colour) + 3" candle has a GREEN real body, ideally ‘gapping up from the star (2 candle). Setup Downtrend Psycholoay The bears continue the downtrend by forming a long red bodied candle. The gap opening down to the second candle initially appears bearish, but the small body of the star shows a possible loss of momentum. The bulls then re-enter the market in force, ideally gapping up from the star, and driving price to close well within (or above) the first candle. The higher the close, the more decisive the victory of the bulls over the bears. Confirmation The price trades above the body of the long green candle.Evening Star Bearish Reversal escription ‘+ BEARISH three candle Reversal Pattern. + 1% candle has a long GREEN real body. + Market gaps up to 2” small body candle (either colour). + 3" candle has a RED real body, ideally gapping down from the star (2 candle). ts yl I I Setup Uptrend Psycholoay The bulls continue the uptrend by forming a long green bodied candle. The gap opening up to the second candle initially appears bullish, but the small body of the star shows a possible loss of momentum. The bears then re-enter the market in force, ideally gapping down from the star, and driving price to close well within (or below) the first candle. The lower the close, the more decisive the victory of the bears over the bulls. Confirmation The price trades below the body of the long red candle. Wy ih, i i adeTweezer Top Bearish Reversal © 20r more candles with the HIGH point achieving the same level * Candles can be either colour. escription ‘+ BEARISH Pattern, identifying a Resistance Level Setup Uptrend Psycholoay The upper extreme of the shadows represents an area of resistance. Bulls were not wil buy above this price, so the bears returned in force to drive the price back down. The Tweezer Top forms when two or more candle’s upper shadows form at the same level, confirming the strength of this resistance, and the likelihood that the uptrend will either pause ar reverse to a downtrend, ng to Confirmation The price trades below the level of resistance. Price trading below the body of the Tweezer ‘Top candles is more bearish, and likely to indicate a reversal of trend rather than a change to consolidation. te “| I, it ‘he eeTweezer Bottom Bullish Reversal Description * BULLISH Pattern, identifying a Support Level + 2or more candies with the LOW point achieving the same level. * Candles can be either colour. U l! ‘Setup Downtrend Psychology The lower extreme of the shadows represents an area of support. Bears were not willing to sell below this price, so the bulls returned in force to drive the price back up. The Tweezer Bottom forms when two or more candle’s lower shadows form at the same level, confirming the strength of this support, and the likelihood that the downtrend will either pause or reverse to an uptrend. Confirmation The price trades above the level of support. Price trading above the body of the Tweezer Bottom candles is more bullish, and likely to indicate a reversal of trend rather than a change to consolidation.Upward Gap Tasuki Bullish Continuation Description * Followed by RED candle opening inside & closing below the green candle’s real body. | | | Setup Uptrend Psycholoay ‘An uptrend shows further strength by gapping up on the open and driving price higher to close as a green candle. This is followed by a pause as the bears attempt to force price down, but are unable to close the gap. Continued trading above the gap shows strength with the bulls. Confirmation ‘The price continues to trade above the gap, and preferably above the red candle’s real body. I ly :Downward Gap Tasuki Bearish Continuation escription ‘+ BEARISH 2 Candle Continuation Pattern ‘© Downtrend gaps down to a RED candle. + Followed by a GREEN candle opening inside and closing above the red candle's real body. | " I Setup Downtrend Psycholoay ‘A downtrend shows further strength by gapping down on the open and driving price lower to close as a red candle. This is followed by a pause as the bulls attempt to force price up, but are unable to close the gap. Continued trading below the gap shows strength with the bears. Confirmation ‘The price continues to trade below the gap, and preferably below the green candle’s real body.Rising Three Bullish Continuation escription + BULLISH Continuation Pattern + Long GREEN candle ‘+ Followed by 2 or more short candles (Ideally RED), ‘which are contained within the body of the first green ‘candle. + Followed by another long GREEN candle closing above the 1" candle, | Tal Setup Uptrend Psycholoay The bulls domination of the bears is evident within the uptrend by the formation of the first long green candle. Price then pauses, forming 2 or more small candles within the range of the first candle. The bears are not able to force price below the low of the original candle, and are then overcome once again by the bulls who push price upwards with a second long green candle closing above the first candle. Confirmation The price trades above the body of the second long green candle. MaysFalling Three Bearish Continuation escription + BEARISH Continuation Pattern + Long RED candle. ‘+ Followed by 2 or more short candles (Ideally GREEN), ‘which are contained within the body of the first red ‘candle. + Followed by another long RED candle closing below the 1" candle, bey | Setup Downtrend Psycholoay The bears domination of the bulls is evident within the downtrend by the formation of the first long red candle. Price then pauses, forming 2 or more small candles within the range of the first candle. The bulls are not able to force price above the high of the original candle, and are then overcome once again by the bears who push price downwards with a second long red candle closing below the first candle. Confirmation The price trades below the body of the second long red candle.