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Teach Yourself Photoshop Twelfth Edition

For Photoshop enthusiasts

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509 views196 pages

Teach Yourself Photoshop Twelfth Edition

For Photoshop enthusiasts

Uploaded by

avidmaster
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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Teach yourself Photoshop ay PRACTICAL mUCH Tes 17 VB} Care V Step-by-step guides V_ Edit photos like a pro V_ Master masks V_ Learn all about layers V_ Process Raw files V Curves made easy V Every tool explained Photoshop ‘The photographie process starts the moment you press the camera's shutter release button, but it doesn’t end there. Sometimes the camera makes a mistake, you compose the picture ina rush or an unvanted object needs to be cloned out, and you need the help of an image-editing program to put things right. The camera also captures the world in a very literal wa, so thatthe {mage you see on your computer sereen can look like a rather pale imitation of what you saw in your mind's eye ‘This is where you noed a relly good image-editing program, and Photoshop is the best there is. It's a supremely well-designed application witha clean and simple interface that’s welcoming for ‘beginners but offers experts all the power they need. Photoshop can fix those annoying flaws that stand between a good photo and a great one it can help you restore the drama, beauty and atmosphere ‘you're trying to capture, and it can‘supercharge’ reality to produce mages that simply take your breath away. We've put together this guide to help you get the very best from Photoshop CC and ‘your own photography. We show you how to organise your images "using Bridge or Lightroom, get the best possible quality from your raw files with Adobe Camere Raw, and unleash the full power of Photoshop's selections, masks and layers tools 4 L FUTURE 4 r Photoshop CHAPTER 1 Organise yo Invecungthe Brgge norkspace Iniecucingthe Litroomlayou Invecueigibe CareraRaw er CHAPTER 2 6 Essential tools “4 3 Camera Raw Fite, Introducing the Tools panel Discover how to access Photoshop's comprehensive collection of image-editing utilities in the Tools panel traditional darkroom photographer | tohelp us process a picture o to crop them | menus and gub-menus. The moat useful tools had a suite of tools to call upon sre clleeted in the Tools panel, which youl when p find an the left-hand side ofthe wou This panel is docked tothe edge as 4 bits of . column, but you can undock ie lightening (dodging) or darkening (burning) of crt parts ofa picture. Other tools included an make i flostcloger to Band ae 3 more enlarger that equipped the photographer to compact two-column panel. Check out our produce prints of specific sizes, Photoshop notation to get to know the key players in ava vat nite of equivalent darkroom tools editingtocls packed into panels and buried ia the Tols panel At a glance Tools of the trade ZOOM TOOL Tesi by sideZo0m an Hana tools They enable yout 2s0m m as pan ‘maanty the maze 100% FOREGROUND COLOUR ‘atch to change the color Press D to ‘SCREEN MODES Coxhrsto access the seeen odes FulSerenmodisnde te panes so EXPAND AND FLOAT COMPARTMENTS TOGGLE THE TOOLS —ucirluusenaciatmairace Cextstttelcontotogslebetaen a The Too! panel nae 20 Te Talsponecantanséé tools Fhe warkopace, Press Fo ogg lone erglecokmn sttooe.oraesorer compartments Toleepthepanclata Clekanghalaountne mowsson's between the sreen mae, Panslcontaring wocsumns Yovean, manages sue,many ated toos” _compartman to reveals cote Photoshop Anatomy The Options bar BRUSH PRESET PICKER Many aos, the the Ease are brush based The Bruch Preset te way HISTORY Ts dos aa oto Teach yourself Photoshop ESSENTIAL TOOLS cep tod serea Rc Ep sie Suet Took ¢ The Crop tool Maximise the potential of your photographs by cropping them to improve their composition this Tool Scheel, we look atthe Crop toa. This tool has alt to offer when it comes to making shots [ook thelr best It enables us to remove oF ‘rop the edges ofa photo to create new composition or take out unwanted objects at the edges of the frame, much a a traditional photographer would use a tullotne to trim photos ater printing them. ‘When shooting on locaton, we maj not have enough time to think about the Best way to compose a scene, especially {we're rushing ftom A to B. The Crop tool enables us 10 reframe the photo's subject matter tout leiure ‘As well as removing distracting objects, the Crop tool also allows us to cortect common mistakes. For example, when ‘Shooting with the eamera tilted at an angle youl ereate an ‘never horizon, This cia be as mnoying es seeing a pictre hanging Iop-sided on a wall, We'll demonstrat how to use the Crop tool to make the horizon run parallel with the top and bottom of the fame, When preparing » shot for printing it can be a challenge to get 2 cropped shot to have the same shape — or aypect ratio ~ as the other uneropped shots from your camera, This cam be ritating iyo want to include the photo ina gallery with non-cropped prints ‘Well show you how to constrain the Crop tool to make the cropped image have the same shape and proportions asthe criginal We'll alo get the Crop tool to resize a shot so that t prints out with specie width and height dimensfons and fits {nto a standard off-the-shelf picture fame, The Crop too is loated in a compartment tthe top section ofthe Tools patel, whieh reflects its status 26 4 ‘Eequentiy used item. It shares this compartment with the Tess efi slice tools, which are designed to help web designers chop up 2 Photoshop document. Improve composition 9 tool's Over!: y function tc ‘ometimes we might ick ‘through & series of shots and only few will sand out as being of any real worth ‘The odds are that the more aesthetically plesing shots will eonform to the rule ff thieds, This (san aetiatic technique that involves separating the frame into nine equally sized boues using rid. By placing certain subjects in these boxes or getting the gid’ intersecting lines to overlap specific objects inthe scene, you ean create a mote plessing and Balanced composition. For example, you could have a il in the bottom third af the screen, tee in the middle third and ay at the tp. "The tee could sso overlap intersecting horizontal and vertical grid [ines atthe lft ofthe frame, ab inthis, fearue's main image on the previous page. Professional photographers like David Balley 200m into frame their shots and cop out the top oftheir subject's head, producing tighter and ‘more intimate-looking poreait. We ean treatively crop conventionally famed portent to make a more eye-catching version witha square fame, Well show you bow to combine a constrained Sapect rato withthe Crop tol’ rule of thirds overlay grid to create an sesthetcally pleasing portrait Draw a square Get some balance (penta porate crop inthe Opons barat Crp Cle tel Hold Gown Sito constr the Overt el of Tide, Bag inside rp tol an done aperiiyagarecop |) the rp window o make theinteretng thet teas tll be enone wl lin oelp ts ees Dog ote the cop Sopa seagey ied Thesanwel ep |) winkow toute commtingthe models nin 00% vsble fend cand cresting ymmeal pra produce wt Use the rule of thirds overlay BEFORE Creative cropping Das the emp wine igo remove lft te fee The poston fhe Tining etes il eoregon othe Tule of tind We bean ee nove and ‘nowt in he tnd inthe ale apace tthe ight it ber Go Crop to correct Tidy up problems like uneven horizons with these cropping techniques swell as improving ‘aes ™ i Pa common problems. By zooming out to capture this landscape, a we caught the edges of the lens hood at the edges ofthe frame. Theses alo some vignetting tthe tp lef. (When shooting rom 1 moving bos its harder to get the horizon looking Fhorizontal, and ours tilted downwards tensa the right "To remowe these problems, grab the (Crop tool from the Tools pane, Select the entire Image to start with. Turn on the Rule of Thitds Overs. Now hold down Shift and this will constrain the copped shot ta match the aspect rio = the shape and proportions — ofthe original photo. Draga corner handle to tighten the crop window and remove the lens hood and vignctied comer. Drag inside the crop window to place the rock n the bottom left Drag outside the to rotate sothat the horizon rung parallel with ‘horizontal grid line you send your photos off tobe printed ata particular siz, you may Fiad that they come back cropped, ‘which ruins your careful composition (Checkout the ge below to cropping and veslzing with prec at Resize your photos for printing Choose a size Change the orientation Check the size tool con. Move up tthe left of he Options |) particlar image iin landscape format. bar Go to ImageTmage Sie Set the units to ‘brand then click the Tool Preset picker’ {lick te swape Height and With fon in Snehes. You see thatthe shot pretsely 7 trlngular fy-out icon. Select the Crop the Options bar to correc this. Click and inches wide by 3 inches bigh, witha inch 7 inch 300 pi preset. fragt crop the mage resolution of 800 pile pe nc Teach yourself Photoshop LaS)3\ U7 eae) O)as) Photoshop Anatomy Crop tool options Learn how to get the most out of this invaluable tool ea — Hitt [7in | rep td Ovary: ue Tne ©) | Sead ca oneal erae — | o® a 4, op Sinha 3p al 7 Ga BE coop Bich «10 ch 300k } learnt rotor + feet < Go reas Bee Op seasitoa € 1 TOOL PRESET PICKER 4 OPACITY AND COLOR - ‘You.can use these presets to make the Crop [Reduce the opacity setting to make the contents of rs Uotrenmee oppeaiogeto mapete Uheahied reas mae IBE bv ean cnge Ne h ‘iors andrvcktone const set 2 2 QUICK SWAP 5 PERSPECTIVE k. ‘nan aght ota orca erm theaptnto mena sveahenconepng ©. Dorr ancsape ered cps vers the some ene ag: a 5 OVERLAY (lek hereto ea compostn trendy ‘omentona gr Understanding... THE CROP TOOL © TOOL COMPARTMENT The Crop toa hangs out inthe Teo pael with Pas es} aula Aftorselecing the | tosee cropped Groptoolfram the | arses by changing Toolspanel kad | the shield colour fragt ster drawing | (>| endreducingits ‘eropbor Use the | epacty To apply the verte to add ahanay | crop to your photo hit ruleof thirds gr>) | Enter orcck the tick tohelpyoucreatea | inthe Options more aesthetically | bar. Alternatively, Pleasingcompostion. | cick nother too Bydetaut.cropped | inthe Tols pane! teas appear asa dak | and Photoshop wil Grey ealour which ean | askyoultyou want makeitharstaspot | tocomplete the Eantent especialy | cropbaforeit es inmenochrome shots. | you aezess tothe Noweanmate easier | other too Image and canvas size explained These are two essential settings which can also be two major causes of confusion! Here’s what you need to know hhen you're preparing your photos Reslzing Is an desteuetive p page only 1,024 pixels across! This is for printing i's easy to get caught simply eha eat reed to use restmpling options to pin the confusing aay of willbe reproduced, I's co reduce the number of pixels. Resampling is options for width and height, nd doesnt actualy change the image ise, an iereversible'destractive’ process becatse it percentages, piel dimensions resolution and This is what youuse to create different-sized permanently changes the pels inthe photo, resampling i's just a difficult when you prints from within Photoshop. Fovyou need to mae ste you work on 8 COD, need to resize photos forse online But when you're creating images not the eriginal photo, But don't worry "The key concept tokeep in mind tall se you need to work directly annotation opposite explains the image mes, though, is resizing’ versus ‘resampling can't display 26,000 x 4,000 pixel photo on dialog in deta Canvas Size settings and what they mean RELATIVE SIZES. You eacang arco or args ANCHOR GADGET youteae econo oxanteste Sauna the mage but youcan enter thecamas fom thelek raht fopor CANVAS COLOUR ater yuconse me cola EXTENDED CANVAS CURRENT SIZE WIDTH AND HEIGHT > SIZE UNITS Teeter How to use the Image Size dialog IMAGE SIZE (MB) WIDTH AND HEIGHT Thsletorinlermaton ones youtheimage le sin Yau darithave to rezamplea pototomake tpt at rent tuneomsreszes foro JPEGeTlFFsana Photoshop fest teu netesa ve the Rosarpe Sok oncecked ant a elatrcecig oem ofthese els DIMENSIONS RESOLUTION youteave te Resare bax unchecked ths to'stor \nenthe Resampe boss unchecked, Photoshop aches the FIT TO MENU RESAMPLE CHECKBOX AND MENU Tie aterspresst mage ss for tere purposes incidng. yh eau mati check the sar Dorbecause they neadta chargethenunbar opus, BEFORE The power of adjustment layers With adjustment layers you can stack up as many reversible, non-destructive image adjustments as you like to your images in irctly tothe pixels in your photo. There was no going back, atleast not without duplicating ayers, using the History ing Photoshop (pal format, the acjustment layers ae saved swith them and remain fly editable, Th ‘Hoot is made permanent is when you = image in another fie format. ‘Adjustment layers ae versatile. You can turn them on and off compare the edited image w ‘ean reduce thelr opacity 10 dial down th Adjustment. You eam also produce sect Sdjustments by painting on an adjustment layers mask, ‘enabling you to fine-tune which areas ae being altered ‘So while it's ail possible to apply levels and curves pe, directly to an image ‘would you? Adjustment layers give you m iy time thei scopy of your yer, why rach more control Add an adjustment layer ‘Open TYCCrrig This dace ae nthe diltones tnditoaguodsubjc fora whole eis of adustnents Tye open the Layer pel youl tee atone ‘aceon Iyer contin he pot Chick the adjsent yer baton Ae boom of the patel and chose Brigtnes/Cont Brightness and Contrast very quickly we ean make ur picts lok beter by nctesing the Brightness snd teduelng the Conta. By the way Photoshop's Beightess/Contast controls used to be prety rude, bat they'e much better now. They look Simplsti, but they'e actualy very effete. ‘Adding a Vibrance layer. Seu can new see the new adjstnen persed Bove the Batgound imag: inte Layers une Ba fame the brightness ant conta as mae tobion hat spice hea seriou lack of colour sntration, andthe toll st aida raneeajetmert ae. And a Photo Filter ‘You can ee the Vibrance adjustment layer's ben ade a the top ofthe Layers panel and weve moved tts Properties panel over tothe left ofthe sree so that doesn’ get in the way. Increasing the Vibrance and Saturation has iped, but we're ging to finish with a Photo Fle. Everything can still be changed "his Photo Fike layer has been aed at he op of {he Layer panel ad i given our nage a ube, vem ook So now welave thre afhstment ayers sacked ca top of ach the but we cael go back and change the Brighner/Contrest yey, to medfy the overall effect. The layer order is important Yea can dng adstmentlgers ip and down in the Layers patel o change tic oder, bt be swae that canchange the vel effet Hers or erampl, moving the ‘france layer above te Phot ier layer means tat he hor Bers warming effect hasbeen aged Basic fixes with a levels layer Levels adjustments offer a great first step for diagnosing and then fixing issues with your picture's tonal range ‘exels adjustments don’ look tersbly sophisticated ‘when you compare them with what you can do ‘with a curves adjustment layer, bt they are 3 really quick and easy way to optimise your image shead of any more detailed work. Often it's only when you've fot the levels right that you can properly see what todo next "The key to this isthe histogram display inthe levels panel, From this you can tell whether your image has 2 full range of tones. I not, you can drag the black point and white point sliders underneath to lin up the left and right edges ofthe histogram. Our walkthrough, opposite, shows how this works ‘oma real-life image and some ofthe hidden depth of levels! 3By default levels adjustments are applied equally to the red, sreen and blue color channels, But they can also be altered individually levels are handy for colour corrections, to. ‘YouTl notice that we'e creating a levels adjustment yer rather thin applying levela directly to the image layer, Thre ae lots of good reasons for dang i this wa. One is that your Adjustments wil be non-destructive ~ you can go back and ‘ange them liter. Another is that adjustment layers come with layer masks, so that you can manually mask out areas ‘of your photo which you want left lone. Well overlayer ‘asks ina later chapter, but for now well demonstrate not fone but three different approaches to levels adjustments Use the histogram asa guide ‘Open TYCC95 pg fy eto flaw this process ‘wth he age we'e working on hte Fst, cate ne Ter ajuctment yes oul ee atte etchand hadow) rdf the bistgram dove gol the way to afl lack, 0 dag teak oie ser tothe ght to meet Alt-drag the black point slider ‘The problem s tht we're preserving exe shadow nd ighgt deal whut koowing wheter ors stead, old down the at ey 2 you drag the Wack Fein der Now yo conse where te image wl go toa {51 lack and wilh ares you can alferd teo Use the eyedroppers Sobre a third approach which doesn't vce the Wack aod white pot ser stall ted, you se the ‘ack pln white pont and mle pln eyedropers role an aes yo wan tobe slack sold wie ts tds newly toe ete tarmac ea the ca Be careful with the highlights Now doth sme wh the whit point ler onthe rit angio tee oline up withthe et de ofthe team, Tie the ual method for ep tnlsng mae evel bt ths mage tl lack cont ven though tect now bas load ae Alt-drag the white point slider Stat cando the sme wth he white pin aide. Nor ny you wouldnt wan co pany ight deal atall but we emaord toe deta the high weet Chromewor in thier The diferent alt dragengappmach iran improvement, bt the ptt’ el aie wes Adjust the mid-point (brightness) The ejedroppre Jone jest the Upper ad Txer righines hes they ete the deepest lacks, beghtest whites and mite grey on ang color conection ect. ed fora fluent we can move the tnd-pint ser othe right wo den the nage te BEFORE \ Master Curves in Photoshop Use Curves, the ultimate tool for tonal control, to.add punch and enhance portraits Photoshop Anatomy The Curves controls 1 urve ‘TONE CURVE COLOUR CHANNELS od ceeesoncine (eae ‘ele don ac oop onthe Caleahe Toe Cove, aos Bp) siw: pense green ine a3 peen sameway Rawls LZ ‘Swicttan banat SS teomineraeed Snow ados magenta. ry caging {toverytoporbotom ofthe channel NEUTRAL GREY oe Alaa ‘Te Sshsoedansizactese Cares ua tor osing ons ana ‘eadespunen to at mages Teena Broneineuthe © shape tha more the Tage won. Crap tenet grey ejedropper ana Elka pomtinan rage yu noo ‘ermae around nen gry point. ‘THE CURVE LINE WHITE AND BLACK POINTS “The diagonalinn canbe cragensun oF dont igen er darian the mage Hots lt andcag the Wht and lack Ecce eh oh a me pons yr op oe because ths determines which part a ‘general it's best to orag the black point oftntom ngs ntochoree eS Emeaeaiyevseate tick ren Toward eel orgs shadow one, Zctheright witchange hg Sppeae atadag the ite poi marc Untthe point st before phos appear CURVES ADJUSTMENT LAYERS ‘ada Curves as an fcustmentayervia | layers mask) an the Create austment | paint witht or black Iajericon i Thisetes | to apply the Guves eat youlotsoflayerbased | to speci parts ofan Spters. Youeaniower | image youre working Ime layerepsctyto | Inamuliloered tonedown the efect | document and you ant ‘orchange the the Curves layer to affect blendingmose ‘only te mage yer Foreampe.aswten | directv slaw ther toLumistyatows | thanal the ers youto sda contrast | below. Asch he te Wwthout atecting colour | between the two ayers Saturaton ttsaise | to ‘lip the scjstment possible to Might the Selective Hue/ Saturation tweaks A Hue/Saturation adjustment layer gives you rather more control over colour rendition than you might think at first he Add a Hue/Saturation layer Increase the saturation You can follow this torial with the same image as urs ‘Ul the ony adjustment you app with a Hoe/ ‘by opening T¥CC96,pa fom out set of sample mages. Saturation ier the satration valve. Changing the The fist sep is toad a Hue/Satuation adjustment afer, tue ate the colours whlesaeand there are beter ways of and you can do this using the drop-down adjustment layers || changing the colours in Photoshop and he ightnes lier i ‘ment at he Doom ofthe Layers panel very poor wa of changing the overall mye brghnes 3 Choose the greens Fine-tune with the eyedropper ie ad Yo top at station vale of 30 in the Sow any vc tuation ajstents wl only peti sup berage te teas and yw hte py to geen topes inthe plete but ts oa flowers were garingto fl THe geen tenes are ll weak, ff. generie colour ange and we nee totghten top ae sng hovgh ~ and the anaver ie inthe 3 rem swt to Master by default, b the pane’ eyedropper tol and then lckingon one ofthe een levee. This makes our colour selection more precise. ‘Adjust the greens ‘Tweak the colour range abet he eee vetimer he eso alone ut pr ofthe Sw icine hele: bokeitie greene in feer, |) at sbold be tone fo, yo end the as inthe Tzipi pina 'Sodatens hed den sand’) cour election gadpt~ tenes br ctl he out Pushing he setaton up yomakes hem more intense” Mtge andthe ouer enters sted age Convert colour photos to mono In black and white photography, colour is crucial — or at least how different colours are converted to grey tones lack ana white photography shows no sians of ding away. In fact, i's become a mainstream creative choice for photographers sttemptins to sr the world ina drumati or timeless jours translate into different shades of grey makes a massive difference tothe finished picture, ‘With this, you can control the relative strengths and ence moving the colour information, because the fm you would control this using diferent- brighe of the colours in the photo as they are rans hades of ere. inthe old days, this would be achieved using Photoshop's Channel Mixer tools, but these only offered adjustments fr the re, groon and bive channels, whereas Black & White adjustment layers have sliders fr bx colour: eds, yellows, teens cans, blues and m You'll notice that we've using a the best quali: This is important when yout final image Remember ny rw. This sone time when J ee Check the bit depth You ean fellow this torial by opening our TYCC9 78 sample image. We've supplied this a TIF fle ater han JPEG becstse mono conversions ike this wore rch Detter on 26-bit images, With 8-bit images you quickly get Dandi effects and other artefacts "The default colour mix will probably work well with many images, ut for Ianseapes i detinitely worth Sytig some ternative fr the drop-down Preset ment The Red Fite effect, fr example, makes the ble sky and Take disker andthe aren il lieter, 3 Red filter effect CGnee you've found s preset tit ges close to the look ‘ou want, you can fine-tune the sliders to finish the Sere, weve increased the contrat and dam inthis jndsape hy mang the cyans and blues ater stil atid slightly lightening the reds and yellows 5 Manual adjustments Default mono conversion Now open the adjustment Iyer drop-down at he otto ofthe Lapers pane] and adda Black & White ajstnent lager, Atte default setings youl se chat the Colour mix isn’t exactly even. Some colours (yellow, magenta sn ean) ae made stronger and hence ite tan aers Blue filter effect Compare thie withthe Ble Fite effect! Because ‘Blues ae now made ghter the sky and the water have a bluhtr tone, whe the yellons snd eens inthe hil on the opposite sie of the ealour wheel are much darker. This ‘Shows the importance of colour fsstion in Black snd white, crn Ron Adding a tint Many phogrpiers ke the look of tone lack ae wie print and you cn scleve that effet hereby checking te Tint br and then the colour avtch ist othe Tight. This opens the Color Picker, where you choose the tint Ie and its strength ~ subd tint are almost alas better Adjustment layer masks in action Discover how to modify an adjustment layer’s mask to modify selected areas only rather than the whole photo ayer masks ar a powerful tol because they enable {you to modify selections made by Photoshop's selection tools until they are perfec. By painting white or black stole on a matk you can show or tached to, Tie bles you to hide an unwanted sky, for example, and show through a more interesting one on another layer underneath, ‘But layer masks ate also invaluable when i comes 10 in fact, every adjustment layer you create comes with a ready to use layer mas Tn the ease of our starting image here we the aver-exposed sky with a Levels adjustment Iyer to reves ing detail and colon, However, this wil phinge the ly exposed foreground rocks into alhouette, We can ‘lack paint to specific sections ofthe mack so that i ‘only darkens the ely. Tike image layer masks, an adjustment lagers mask is non- destructive, 0 You can modify using a range of tools and cchnigques until the masking forthe adjustment is perfect BEFORE Create an adjustment layer Darken the sky Open the TYCA jpg starting image, De tothe inthe agent Iyer panel wee dag the tack centring lighting condone the enersbar metered point slider gh actors the it oben the sy ro eaose forthe rocks, ao the sys ver-expsed Tene) Tsp all the are Informacion inthe rocks sth sy deta, choose Layer’New Adjustment LayersLevels.clice |) they come out asa near sl black, but tht dosn't mater (OK. A levels adjustment layer will appear inthe Layers panel. [J because of what we're ping odo nex Mask the rocks ‘We need to elect the ayer mark thumb inthe Layers pane! to eit ~ and you canalvcte-cick the mask io show it directly We've added Dack- white ead ona slightdagonal so thatthe black area"asks' the rocks fom the Level adjustments we've made, Subtle is best And here yo can se the result. The sy is datkened icely, ard by sing the gradient tool we've Blended Ue darkening effect sub with the rest ofthe photo ~ just lie using s graduated Beer onthe camera. often, a sably ended mask il nok more ntural than ha elections Teach yourself Photoshop GET CREATIVE WITH LAYERS Get creative with layers Discover how to enhance and transform your pictures using Photoshop's most powerful feature 40m Introducing the 5 Om Organise y Lh reer oe entra 19 most Ha errr ase creative photo projects Here's bow to get 0 ips using these cary techniques for keeping the swith tis essential tol Layers pane! organise Discover Photoshop's Add special effects tools using is Ertan yor phot rt embossed {lo nga Lape Syl toad simulated dept rotate and datos them in cesiv pe and lighting effects Be creative with Blend modes Discover the special effects you can create moments by ming diferent ima {opether uring ane of Photoshop's 27 Blend modes Introducing the Layers panel The Layers panel is central to most creative photo projects. Here's how to get to grips with this essential tool hen Photoshop appeared back in 1990, i lacked the ability to edit using layers. You could select and ‘copy pixels from one image and paste them into another to crete a Howe age. ‘once you'd pasted an object, you couldn't reposition it later on. The composite image was ft Mvasn’t until the release of Photoshop 3.0 in 1904 thatthe Layers panel appeared. This revolutionised the way image editors could work. By pasting copied pixels on layer Alesign with ease, You could also edt the ‘colours and tones on individual layers, which provided more freedom and contre ayers have like a stack of transparent sheets, You can add content to exch of the Separate sheets in the stack, and see them ffom above as a composite image. In our annotated Image we have a layered project. that contains copied and pasted content from. three separate source images, By placing ‘the mountain and tree on indi produce an island Levi backdrop on the background lay ayers can be mosified to change the way they mix. Blend modes alter the way colours and tones in multiple layers combine. You can also mix layer content by changing alayer’s ‘opacity so that its pixels are teansucen Photoshop Anatomy The Layers panel Get to know the key features of the versz FLOATING PANEL Sut cek sab ana dag tout of he pant dock You ancragit bac tothe sock ster LOCKED LAYER hen youtat pena petogrash yous singe locks actrcaoer You con cob ck the Centntonoaepuislye oe weve oer LAYER TRANSPARENCY yes ra roves a prea he stain and pasted Rint this ayer. The transparent Seetons of he inyer arenes by apattern opacity Once youve cited thumbnal target the specie Toor you nant to eat. youcan aust pasty to Stohlp the pated shadow eel the ean BLEND MODE tuna aye 32 Be nde tO were abuts een ger tea TSP the Overly Blend made more thn most others LAYERS PANEL OPTIONS Tofinetunetheway | szeityoureectinga rmuayere project ‘nasmallssplay fs ‘sual worth seting ‘Thumbnal Contents to Laye Bounds thumbnail display TreLayerspane!_—_ | thelayercontents be Options window ‘smal brush stroke, wilappear |). For | without shomng al Truchlargerané | ofthesurruncrng transparent pes whch would ake it Pardo to entity the yer stack thumbnails, ck ayers panel LAYER MASKS ADJUSTMENT LAYERS ‘yappiyng blsckt layermaskyouconhidethe These vst layer bse tools enable yout change fnrrespondng pls onthe tached ner Hore we've the elous and tneson he ayers elm You can hex ine cn en ay ee ate ert Sone sectne onthe Whe sre themask naleyoutoreveinaien content Layers Panel Opts Transform tools Distort, scale, rotate and even warp layer content with the Transform command's suite of tools his leston we look ata set of Photoshop tools that ate designed t help you perform a wide range of tery) edits. AT the Transform tools work in a ‘Sila way ~ they enable you to reposition some orall ofthe pixels that make up your image to produce a sarety of results The Transfo infantry Each member oft "Transform commands can be deployed depending on the task in hand. If you're compositing elements from one shot with snather then you can ose 'TransformScale to shrink layers ‘components to ft the new background, You can change the fngle ofa laer’s component using Transform, Rotate, "When yom apply Transform commands bosnding bor will appear around the layer’s content. Depending on the command, you can dag vavious contol points to scale, rotate or distort the content to suit your creative requirements Te Perspective ool mirrors the postions of the corner camtrol handles to equally transform horleontal or vetial perspective, This enables you to correct perspective Aistortion without rummaging around inthe Lens Correction Slter Well put the Perspective Transform tool through is paces later inthis Tool School. The Distort tool lacks the constraints of the Perspective too, enabling you to drag any ‘ofthe bounding bor’ nine control handles vo dramatically distort the layer’s content. Tofelp you transform with more precision, you can refer to collection of bates in the Options bat. These how a variety of ateibotes like the Width ot Height of the transformation or even the X and Y coordinates of the "Transform command's central pivot point Take to the skies! Create an action-packed aerial dogfight by combini y of cut-out images ‘y transforming your source Biles, you can alter the appearance of realty in really creative ways. BY shooting the same two planes a few times, we were able to add them to separate layers nd tranefoem thee acd, postion an fngle of rotation to crest to wa factions engaged insight tothe death We'll show you how to apply various :neform commands in out step bby-step walkthrough below. However, before you start to transform a plane youl ned to isolate it fom ts orginal backround. Open an aeroplane photo rnd double click the Background layer's thumbnal, Grab the Magle Wand tool set it toa Tolerance of 35. Tick Contiguous, Shift-lick to selec ll bits of sky including those between the wings. Choose Selec Inverse, Click the Ad layer mask com to hide the Bise ‘Sy. Paint witha blac brush om the musk to remove any remaining blue sky pels. Apply a white brush to the mask torestore any missing blue paintwork fon the plane's tal Right click the ayer mask and choose Apply Layer Mask Press Crnd/ Ctrl to dupliete the layer, Use Filters ElursMotion Blur to add blur to the top layer. Pant on rex yer mack to lend the blrred plane withthe original Then cha Layer Merge Visible Transform the layer content ahh Move transform Rotate transform Scale transform (Once you've elated your subject, Use the Move tol 10 move ino lick the corner handle to sale choose SelectAll and then bait Copy position, Tick the Show Transform the plane. Hold down Shit to (Open an serial background and then CContols option Place the cursor owtside the |] constrain the proportions and drag the ult Past the copied plane into. Use the | bounding bax wo aetvate the Rotate ‘corner handle to eae the plane by about Move tol to drag lft and down. Ada Transform too. The cursor wil change. Drag, |) 62%. Add and transform more aeroplanes another serplane to the dociment. to otate the pine 2? desrees, Hit Enter. ‘ong the same techniques, Perspective transformations orrect perspectival distortion and straighten skewed et cost buildings have vertial swale that extend ata 30-degree angle fom the round. However in some architectural photos the walls appear wider apart at the ground, but tit perspectival distortion. As you get loser to building, you need to tilt ‘your camera to get the top ofthe "ructure in sho, This inevesces perspectival distortion "To avoid these converging vertical subjet from a mor point, so you no long the camera upwards. the subject's walls to run parallel with the edges ofthe frame. Forcunately, Photoshop's Perpective Transform ‘command enables you to counteract perepectval distortion. However, by distorting the shot you ean end up creating transparent teas in ower corners, "You can crop out mest ofthese transparent fds or use the Distort ‘command to stretch the edge pisels over thems, See the tutorial below. BEFORE (i Extend the canvas Correct perspective Crop and rotate (Open a phono ofa bldg Hefore we Double elick the Background layer. (Cop the transparent ates atthe se bait Transform Perspect bottom ofthe corrected image: Dag Drag the top left conrl handle to conte the ba to rotate and traighten the steaghten the top ofthe building, Drag the ‘work horiontl lines. Hit Eater ial bottom lft contrl bande rght unl the se EditTransform Distrt to fine-tune the Extension Color to White, Click O walls un parallel othe fame edge ges ofthe frame, Teach yourself Photoshop fe ae tN ead fie) Anatomy Transform command mmands in 2 1 SCALE 9 SKEW 5 PERSPECTIVE 7 ROTATE Ceo EdioTansor>Scaleandthen GhoretaDTansompStowio chen SeuebTansomPerpectve Tiare arate hed vas olla Gingecorarhack tachi oraunye scivacticopicntascartinstew Gaga tomer hare i tieoppste opions Hae eevertael te Slayers content the sope or nah fondle witmovetythesamevahe, shopeOO epee eoswee 2 ROTATE 4 pistoRT © WARP e FUP ChaosetarTanstomerotse Org OnoeeSaec-Tanstorm>Ditart and choose Ee~nanstrm=Wap rag tte The Eat>anor>Fip command cviscethetcunangbe tories’ thndogar/eftebarscoal tandestocavetResape sniptties arabe seutotp te shape inerh(oruanctont) coker Sater termccependaity, — Sgaiciosinglaralsresions honey ervey Understanding... THE TRANSFORM OPTIONS a) 4 Each wansformation occurs arcund | thereference point paotthe | Hileldsshownhere |) enable you areteronce pint that acts ikea | shape romary ofthe comers, | to seal ashape's with and eight Pivot By defaults reference | thetop.bottomor sida istead of | with precision. pontis always cated at tho centre | thecerive The XandYfelés(7) |” Youcanclekthechainicon | values to skew ashape horizontally Dtany shapethatyouseect You | tellyouthehorzontalandvertcal | (6/toconstrainthe transformed | orvericaly, Clek ere | t0 Cancckthe apprepiate square | postonof the transformed shape'saspectratia Tustied—| actwate the Warp Wansform heteisitochangethelocation ot | object sreerence pont TheWand | [clanablesyoutorotateashape | contls necestary. Be creative with blending modes Discover the special effects you can create in moments. by mixing different images together using blending modes Ihe blending mode drop-down menu that sits near the top-left comer ofthe Layers panel isa powerful addition to the Photoshop user's toolbox By changing the blending mode of a layer, you can alter the way that it interats with the layers beneath. Ts ‘ables you to blend layers for cestive effect, suchas using rac texture to age an image. The image above was tinted and aged using a Hard Light blending mode to mix the colouts and tones of a rusty metallic texture with. exllage. We also used the Lighten blending mode todd hint of fog tothe canal background. As the fllowing guide shows, there are 27 blending modes in total, We've applied tach one othe same butterfly layer to show how it mixes the Durterly layer withthe texture layer below. As you ean see, there's 2 wide variety of effects to experiment with, and the results will vary depending onthe contents of your layers. Teach yourself Photoshop GET CREATIVE WITH LAYERS art Darken ‘The default mode shows every phtelon the layer Mixes tanslucent pixels fom the top ler with Lighter pels on the top layer are replaced by normaly without any blending ofthe layers. colours and tones onthe lagers below. The the colours and tones fm the layer below, while ‘This means thatthe layers below the buttery butters feathered edge is translocent,sothe darker pixels remain unchanged. The darker rust layer ave no effect on the bute. effect s most noticeable in these areas. from the layer below shows though. Multiply Color Burn Linear Burn Muliplle colours inthe op layer wih those This ening ode ncestes the contrast owes the brightness ofthe lyr underneath to Underest Colours onthe tp lager tit are Beowen the foneson each sje ight pels on _reflet the colours of he top er As wth coor lighter (such as the butterfly's white patterns) are the top layer make no change to the colours and Burn, lighter pixels on the top layer produce no replaced wih pls from the lower ye. tones on the layer blow ange the color or toc on the ayer bln oe s samines the colour information and selects Produces the opposite result of Darken. Any__‘Wotks out the inverse of the top Iyer’ colours alberto er cur or hector on calours on the top ae chat ae ae than ibe amuse withiowe onthe laertow, thelayer below ~ whichoversdarker~ asthe colours underneath will emi visible, suchas _Ietends todo the opposite ofthe Multiply mode resuling colours the white streaks onthe butters wing. and lightens tones Teach yourself Photoshop GET CREATIVE WITHLAYERS ‘Causes lighter res onthe top lje wo erete ‘Produees results stmils to those created with the ‘more vibrant colours and inctease contrast. Datker Colo Dadge and Screen blending modes, but the izes on the top layer make no difference to the ‘colours ad tones on the lower layer. Provides a subile way of ding wash of ‘the lower laver's colo to the top tyer while reserving the lower layer’ details handy for painting on brush-based shadow effect Vivid Light Lghtens or tens the colours but with ore intent than Sof or rd ght Ifthe op ler {slighter than $0% gry. the image isligitened ‘by decreasing the contrast. brightening is stronger Dark colours onthe top layer make no changes tothe colours below. ‘This lending mode darkens o lightens the colours of the tp layer depending onthe colours ofthe ager underneath. Ia pinslon the top layer fs lighter than 50% wey, the pie is lihtenc Linear Light Sine to Vis ig, bt adj the rihtess Fate tan the coast the oper Uhr than 0% ge. the gee ightened by dnceating the brightness "This mode studies the toa ofthe thee eolout chanel values fo the op ler and the layer below and then choose the highest eles from both Laer vo ereate the resulting colour Hard Light Mutts or sctens the colours of the top Iner, depending onthe colours of the yer tnereath pil on the op leer lighter {han 50% ry, the piel ened in Light apie onthe top layers ight than 509% {39a the ple onthe ler below ae darker, then the top pixels are replaced by the ones kw Hard Mix ‘Adds there, green and blue channel values of the top lager tothe RGB values ofthe lowe layer This changes the toplyer's pixels to primary adie colours (red zeen 0° blu Teach yourself Photoshop GET CREATIVE WITH LAYERS Eighter colours on the top layer ae inverted and darker colours aze replaced by the pues below. [As you cn see from the callrtion br, blending with lack males no change to the Laer below ‘This lending mode produces a sms result to the Difference mede, bu with less contrast. Tighter colours on te top layer are inverted and darker colour are replaced by the pels below. Studies the colours in each channel and subreses the colours in the top layer fom the colours tundernesth, In and le-bit images amy resulting negative values are clipped to 20. Saturation Mixes the saturation of the top layers colour ‘with the Tuminance and hue ofthe colours om the [npr Blowin thi instance we have a geyecale Impression of the butterfly ‘This mode examines the colours each channel and vides the top layers colours by the colours Inthe ayer below. Inthe ease of our butertly layer, this create os of blowout highlights ‘This mode produces similar results to the Saturaton Blending mode, but mixes the bue and saturation ofthe top layers colour with the Tamiance of the cots from the lowe lien Mixes the colours ofthe top Tver with the Tuminance and saturation ofthe ealoos on the layer below. The butterfy’s colours remain (akhough they shift in ave cae Luminosity Mies the mince of ihe top yer color he ie ad ssturtion ofthe colors on he Inver aero produce a variatlon on he sma ‘ie, santo nd Color Nenng modes. Organise your layers efficiently Work faster with your image layers using these easy techniques for keeping the Layers panel organised then working on creative projects, you can build up a large collection of layers. This cin lead to tine ‘wasted semoling through multiple lagers in search ‘of specific content, especialy if the layers have generic names such as Layer 1, layer 2 and oo on. In this {torial wel offer you some housekeeping suggestions on how to organise your layers more effectively. We'll also demonstrate how to find lajers according to attributes such as their names or assigned colour labels Any adjustment layer you add to the Layers panel will ler the colours and tones on all of the layers below ft. You may ‘ot want to adjust every layer, though, $0 well show you how torestrit an adjustment layer to the layer directly be while preserving the colours and tones of other layers ‘document. We've provided you with 3 layered decume ‘work with, so you can put ou tps into action to label, group and colour-code the layers as well s clip an adjustment layer toa specific image layer (or layer group) Once youve crested alsyered document you may want to apply a eeatve filter tot To do this you would normally have to fatten the multiple layers into one and then apply @ fiter.To get the best of both words, lick the top layer and shen press Cmd/Ctrloshifte alt BEFORE Name and label Group the layers Open Layer ped This lpered document contains ie the tee nd mountain ayer to elec them, ‘err mape lager aan austen ayer: Double bth Goto Lager Gre Layers Tis ells the ‘ck each inagelayerabel ad rename t witha deverpive |) selected pers nae hat takes pls pace You can fame such as Shade or Tre, Right cick the thumbnail ofa toggle the folder open to revels grouped content, You cin layer and choose a colour ake, drag other layers ito a group feet. Teach yourself Photoshop GET CREATIVE WITH LAYERS Add effects with Layer Styles Enhance your photos with embossed text using a Layer Style to add simulated depth and lighting effects ‘your Images witha huge range of creative e ‘hat ate fon and easy to uae in this torial we

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