M1.

(a) C6H14
1

(b) A
1

(c) B
1

(d) C
1

(e) Propanol
1
[5]

Page 2
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
M2.(a) (i)
allow other arrangements provided connectivity is correct
allow OH
1

(ii) oxygen
accept O2
allow O
1

oxidation
allow oxidisation / oxidising / oxidised
allow redox
1

(b) (i) ring around

1

(ii) ester(s)
do not allow ether(s)
1

(iii) propanol
propanol accept propan-1-ol
allow propyl alcohol
1
[6]

Page 3
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
M3. (a) kills bacteria / sterilises (water)
allow kills microorganisms / microbes / germs
allow ‘makes (water) safe (to drink)’ or disinfectant
ignore cleans water or removes impurities / bacteria
1

(b) goes colourless / decolourised (from red / red-brown / brown / yellow / orange)
allow colour disappears
ignore ‘goes clear’ or discoloured
do not accept incorrect initial colour
do not accept precipitate
1

(c) (i) Br2 and 2Cl–

allow multiples / fractions if whole equation balanced
1

(ii) changes to red / red-brown / brown / yellow / orange

do not accept effervescence / fizzing / precipitate / gas given off
ignore vapour / temperature changes / ignore initial colour
1

(d) (i) 7 outer electrons or

same number of outer electrons

allow last / final shell for outer
allow energy level / orbit / ring for shell
allow ‘need to gain 1 e– to have a full outer shell’
ignore ‘similar number of outer electrons’
1

(ii) bromine / it (atom) is bigger or

must be a comparison

Page 4
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
 outer electrons (level / shell) further from nucleus or more shells
do not accept more outer shells
ignore more electrons

forces / attractions are weaker or more shielding or attracts less

do not accept magnetic / gravitational / intermolecular forces
allow ‘electron(s) attracted less easily’

electron(s) gained less easily

“outer / last / final” must be mentioned once, otherwise max 2
marks.
accept converse for chlorine throughout where clearly stated
3

(e) (i) white precipitate or white solid

ignore names of chemicals
1

(ii) cream precipitate or cream solid

allow pale yellow / off-white precipitate / solid
ignore names of chemicals
1
[10]

Page 5
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
M4. (a) not broken down by microorganisms or not bio-degradable
accept alternative answers such as:
do not rot / corrode / fade / react with atmosphere etc
any answers which imply the inertness or non-biodegradability of
this plastic
accept they don’t react, they are ‘inert’
ignore rusting
do not accept weathering
1

(b) (i) (have a) double bond or do not have maximum number of

(hydrogen) atoms attached
accept can add / react with hydrogen
accept can take part addition reactions
do not accept it is a double bond
do not accept additional reactions
do not accept has ‘spare’ / ‘free’ bond
do not accept alkene alone
1

(ii) single bond between carbon atoms

1

all atoms correct + 2 ‘linking’ bonds

(linking bonds need not go through bracket)

n moved to bottom right of bracket i.e. is below way on the right

first 2 marks are possible for chain structures
accept [– CHCl–CH2–] n
1

(iii) many molecules or many monomers

1

Page 6
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
 joined / bonded / linked or form long
chain molecules / large molecules or to
form a long chain polymer
accept many alkenes or many (ethene) molecules
do not accept many ethene alone etc.
to form a long polymer is not enough for 2nd mark
1

(iv) no other substances formed

(A + B → C)
allow because double bond breaks so other atoms can add
allow one product only
do not accept saturation occurs
1
[8]

Page 7
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
M5. (a) (i) by heating
pressure is neutral

using a catalyst/pot/ceramic/porcelain/aluminium oxide

1

(ii) use bromine water/(alkaline) permanganate

accept bromine
1

alkene makes bromine go colourless or lose its colour

accept alkane does not change the red/orange colour of bromine
not change colour/goes clear
1

(b) (i)
either of these must show bonds at end
1

or

not H on ends
allow 3 instead of n not any other number

(ii) poly(ethene) – brackets not essential

accept polythene
1

Page 8
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
 (iii) large amount of waste polymer/poly(ethene)/polythene/litter
accept large amount of crude oil or finite resource used
1

it is not biodegradable
accept it does not
decompose/decay/break down
it causes pollution/it creates toxic
fumes when burnt are neutral
not it is not recyclable
2
[8]

Page 9
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
M6. air/gases
oxygen O2
chemical change/reaction
gases
carbon dioxide/CO2
water [vapour] H2O
(heat or heat energy or energy)
for 1 mark each
[7]

M7. (a) fuels

heat – allow light
for 1 mark each
2

(b) gases
for 1 mark
1
[3]

Page 10
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com