CPAR REVIEWER

4. ANTONIO BUENAVENTURA
National Artist in Music
- joined Francisca Reyes-Aquino to conduct
RAMON P. SANTOS: Contemporary music in research on folk songs and dances
the Philippines refers to compositions that have composed songs for solo, symphonic, and
adopted ideas and elements from twentieth orchestral works.
century; latest trends and musical styles - His music was influenced by different ethnic
Philippine folksongs.
- composed the accompaniment to the folk
1. RAMON P. SANTOS
dance "Pandanggo sa Ilaw" in 1936.
- composer, conductor and musicologist - University of the Philippines Diliman
- currently the country’s foremost exponent of Conservatory of Music
contemporary Filipino music - works: Buklod ng Pagmamahalan,
- A prime figure in the second generation of Mindanao Sketches and Ako’y
Filipino composers in the modern idiom; Nangangarap
contributed greatly to the quest for new
directions in music 5. JOSE MACEDA
- reverting back to more orthodox
performance modes: chamber works and - Filipino composer and ethnomusicologist;
multimedia works for dance and theatre. western orchestra and piano.
- Panaghoy (1984) was a powerful musical - His notable works include:
discourse on Benigno Aquino, Jr. - Pagsamba for 116 instruments, 100 mixed
assassination in 1983, which subsequently and 25 male voices (1968);
brought on the victorious people power - Cassette 100 for 100 cassette players
uprising in 1986. (1971);
- works: Strata and Copacabana - Ugnayan for 20 radio stations (1974);
- Udlot-Udlot for several hundred to several
thousand people (1975);
2. ANTONIO MOLINA
- Suling-Suling for 10 flutes, 10 bamboo
- Filipino composer, conductor and music buzzers and 10 flat gongs (1985).
administrator. - aimed to study Philippine folk songs which
- known as the Claude Debussy of the he describes as having more focus on
Philippines due to his use of impressionist rhythm rather than time measure.
themes in his music. - Distemperament for orchestra (1992);
- first composition: Matinal (1912) Colors without Rhythm for orchestra (1999);
- UP Conservatory of Music; appointed dean Sujeichon for 4 pianos (2002).
of the Centro Escolar Conservatory of - works: Pagsamba, Ugnayan and Cassette
Music. He founded the CEU String Quartet
- with over 500 compositions.
6. LEVI CELERIO
- works: Hatinggabi, Malikmata and Ang
Batingaw - Filipino composer and lyricist credited to
writing more than 4,000 songs many of
which are dedicated to his wife and children.
3. LUCIO SAN PEDRO
- known for using the leaf as a musical
- master composer, conductor, and teacher instrument; recognized as the "only man
whose music evokes the folk elements of who could play music using a leaf" by the
the Filipino heritage. Guinness Book of Records
- produced a wide-ranging body of works that - Filipino folk, Christmas, and love songs
include band music, concertos for violin and - works: Ugoy ng Duyan, Ang Pipit, ItikItik
orchestra, choral works, cantatas, chamber and Waray-waray
music, music for violin and piano, and songs
for solo voice.
- National Artist of the Philippines for Music in 7. RYAN CAYABYAB
1991 by President Corazon C. Aquino
- works: Aliwan, Salamisim and Simbang - Also known as Mr. C; Filipino musician,
composer and conductor.
Gabi
- Executive and Artistic Director for several
years for the defunct San Miguel
Foundation for the Performing Arts.
- National Artist of the Philippines for Music in
2018.
- work: Kay ganda ng ating musika,
kumukutikutitap, Da coconut nut and araw
gabi
National Artist in Dance (collection of Ramon Obusan’s dance
masterpieces), Water, Fire, and Life
(Philippine Dances and Music – A
1. FRANCISCA REYES AQUINO
Celebration of Life), Glimpses of ASEAN
- the Folk Dance Pioneer. (dance and music of the ASEAN member
- Mother of Philippine Folkdancing; known as countries
a dancer and researcher of Philippine folk
dance.
- 1926 thesis titled “Philippine Folk Dances 4. ALICE GARCIA REYES
and Games,” and arranged for public and
private schools. - born October 14, 1942; a Filipina dancer,
- 1940 supervisor of physical education at the choreographer, teacher, director and
Bureau of Education producer.
- She received the Republic Award of Merit in - National Artist for Dance (1970) and “The
1954, and the Ramon Magsaysay Award in Mother of Contemporary Dance”
1962; Order of National Artists in 1973. - The founder of Ballet Philippines; National
- Major works: Philippine National Dances Artist of the Philippines (June 20, 2014 from
(1946), Gymnastics for Girls (1947), President Aquino)
Fundamental Dance Steps and Music - She was chiefly responsible in popularizing
(1948), Foreign Folk Dances (1949), contemporary dance with the Alice Reyes
Dances for all Occasion (1950), Playground Dance Company on February, 1970.
Demonstration (1951) and Philippine Folk - She is best known for "Bungkos Suite",
Dances, Volumes I to VI. "Carmen", "Carmina Burana", "Romeo and
Juliet", "Rama Hari", "Cinderella", "Amada",
"Itim-Asu", and "Tales of the Manuvu"—all
nuanced with Filipino culture, gesture and
2. LEONOR OROSA-GOQUINGCO grace.
- Before she was named as National Artist for - Major works: Amada (1969), At a Maranaw
Dance in 1976 Gathering (1970), Itim-Asu (1971), Tales of
- “Trailblazer”, “Mother of Philippine Theater the Manuvu (1977), Rama Hari (1980),
Dance” and “Dean of Filipino Performing Bayanihan Remembered (1987)
Arts Critics”.
- She incorporated ballet with folk and Asian
dance 5. LUCRECIA FAUSTINO REYES-URTULA
- choreographed over 50 unique dances
narrating stories that she has penned. - June 29, 1929 - August 24, 1999; a Filipino
- Honorary Chair of the Association of Ballet choreographer, theater director, teacher,
Academies of the Philippines (ABAP), and author and researcher on ethnic dance.
was a founding member of the Philippine - founding director of the Bayanihan
Ballet Theater. Philippine National Folk Dance Company
- “Filipinescas: Philippine Life, Legend, and and was named National Artist of the
Lore” brought traditional folk dance and its Philippines for dance in 1988.
evolution to the stage. - She worked to translate folk dancing into
- Major works: Return to Native, In a the realm of theater.
Javanese Garden, Vinta, Filipinescas: - adapted indigenous dance traditions to the
Philippine Life, Legend, and Lore, The demands of the modern stage, and
Magic Garden, Noli Dance Suite performances of her works received
international attention.
- Major works: Philippine National Dances
3. RAMON AREVALO OBUSAN (1946), Gymnastics for Girls (1947),
- accomplished dancer, choreographer, Fundamental Dance Steps and Music
stage designer and artistic director. (1948)
- promoter of Philippine traditional dance
- researcher, archivist and documentary
filmmaker who broadened and deepened
the Filipino understanding of his own
cultural life and expressions.
- Ramon Obusan Folkloric Group (ROFG)
founded in 1971 was acclaimed for its
authentic and faithful recreation and
performance of Filipino folk dance helped
deepen the people’s appreciation of their
cultural traditions and heritage of dance.
- Major Works: Vamos a Belen! Series
(1998-2004) Philippine pastors tradition,
Noon Po sa Amin (tableaux of Philippine
history in
song, drama, and dance), Obra Maestra
National Artist in Literature 4. F. SIONIL JOSE

1. FRANCISCO ARCELLANA - one of the most widely read Filipino writers

in the English language.
- one of the greatest poets of his time;
- His works depict the social underpinnings of
- studied in Tondo Intermediate School. In
class struggles and colonialism in Filipino
Manila West High School; Torres Torch,
society.
their school paper.
- National Artist in 2002 and his works have
- Francisco Arcellana wrote his first story,
been translated into 20 different languages.
“The Man Who Would Be Poe”.
- most famous work: Rosales Sage that
- Pioneers of the modern Filipino short stories
includes The Pretenders- story about one
in English. His style is lyrical-prose- poetic
man’s separation from his poor background
form.
- Major works: Death in a Factory A Clown and the dissipation of his wife’s prosperous
family.
Remembers Divided by Two Poems
- José's works written in English—have been
include: The Other Woman To Touch You I
translated into 28 languages, including
Touch Her
Korean, Indonesian, Czech, Russian,
Latvian, Ukrainian and Dutch.
2. NESTOR VICENTE GONZALEZ/N.V.M - Major works: Source (Po-on) (1993), Don
GONZALEZ Vicente (1980), – Tree and My Brother, My
Executioner combined in one book, The
- born on September 8, 1915 in Romblon.
Samsons - The Pretenders and Mass
- Rocketfeller Foundation Fellowship allowed
combined in one book
him to study in Standford University and
Columbia University.
- famed poet, story writer, essayist, professor 5. JOSE GARCIA VILLA
and recipient of different awards.
- He was a Filipino poet, literary critic, short
- Filipino novelist, short story writer, essayist
story writer, and painter.
and, poet.
- National Artist of the Philippines title for
- National Artist of the Philippines for
literature in 1973; Guggenheim Fellowship
Literature in 1997.
in creative writing by Conrad Aiken.
- Two years before his death, he was
- introduced the "reversed consonance rhyme
proclaimed as a National Artist for
scheme" in writing poetry, as well as the
Literature. Some of his works include: The
extensive use of punctuation marks—
Winds of April (1941); A Season of Grace
especially commas, which made him known
(1956); The Bamboo Dancers (1988) His
as the Comma Poet.
works have been published in different
- He uses comma in every word. His style
languages.
- Major works: The Winds of April (1941), A similar to Seurat’s architectonic and
measure pointilism
Season of Grace (1956), The Bamboo
- Major works: The Anchored Angel, The
Dancers (1988)
Emperor's New Sonnet, Footnote to Youth

3. NICK JOAQUIN
6. ROLANDO TINIO
- Filipino writer and journalist best known for
- National Artist for Theatre and Literature
his short stories and novels in the English
(1997).
language.
- Playwright, thespian, poet, teacher, critic
- pen name: Quijano de Manila.
and translator; a stage director whose
- one of the most important Filipino writers,
original insights into the scripts he handled
along with José Rizal and Claro M. Recto.
brought forth productions notable for their
- Joaquin's major works were written in
visual impact and intellectual cogency.
English despite being a native Spanish
- It was to Teatro Pilipino which he left a
speaker.
considerable amount of work reviving
- He is the “People’s Writer” The Sorrows of
traditional Filipino drama by re-staging old
Vaudeville, first story in 1937 by the Sunday
theater forms like the sarswela and opening
Tribune. He worked as a journalist.
a treasure-house of contemporary Western
- Pioneer of literary journalism.
drama.
- Major works: May Day Eve, The Summer
- claimed for theater a place among the arts
Solstice, Doña Jeronima, La Vidal
in the Philippines in the 1960s.
- Major works: Sitsit sa Kuliglig, Dunung –
Dunungan, Kristal na Uniberso and A Trick
of Mirrors
National Artist in Theater 15-year old girl in the sarsuela Dalagang
Bukid.
1. WILFRIDO MARIA GUERRERO - the very first actress in the very first locally
produced Filipino film when she essayed
- Filipino playwright, director, teacher and the same role in the sarsuela’s film version.
theater artist. - As early as age seven, Atang was already
- wrote well over 100 plays, 41 of which have being cast in Spanish zarzuelas such as
been published. His unpublished plays have Mascota, Sueño de un Vals, and Marina.
either been broadcast over the radio or - Premiered or popularized: Pakiusap, Ay, Ay
staged. Kalisud, Kung Iibig Ka, Madaling Araw,
- National Artist for Theater 1997. Pangarap ni Rosa
- plays: Half an Hour in a Convent, Wanted:
A Chaperon, Forever Major works: Deep in
My Heart, Three Rats, Our Strange Ways, 5. SEVERINO MONTANO
The Forsaken House, Frustrations
- Playwright, director, actor, and theater
organizer.
2. LAMBERTO VERA AVELLANA - forerunner in institutionalizing “legitimate
theater” in the Philippines.
- director for theater and film and has the - organized the Arena Theater to bring drama
distinction of being called “The Boy Wonder to the masses.
of Philippine Movies” as early as 1939. - established a graduate program at the
- He was the first to use the motion picture Philippine Normal College for the training of
camera to establish a point-of-view, a move playwrights, directors, technicians, actors,
that revolutionized the techniques of film and designers.
narration. - established the Arena Theater Playwriting
- works: Anak Dalita and Badjao attained Contest that led to the discovery of Wilfrido
international acclaim. Nolledo, Jesus T. Peralta, and Estrella
- Avellana, who at 20 portrayed Joan of Arc in Alfon.
time for Ateneo’s diamond jubilee, initially - Awards and recognitions: Patnubay ng
set out to establish a Filipino theater. Kalinangan Award from the City of Manila
- Major works: Sakay, Sergeant Hasan (1968), Presidential Award for Merit in
(1967), Destination Vietnam (1969), and Drama and Theater (1961), Rockefeller
The Evil Within (1970). Foundation Grant to travel to 98 cities
abroad (1950, 1952, 1962, and 1963)

3. DAISY H. AVELLANA
6. SALVADOR F. BERNAL
- actor, director and writer; born in Roxas
City, Capiz on January 26, 1917 - Designed more than 300 productions
- she elevated legitimate theater and distinguished for their originality since 1969.
dramatic arts to a new level of excellence by - pioneering or maximizing the use of
staging and performing in breakthrough bamboo, raw abaca, and abaca fiber, hemp
productions of classic Filipino and foreign twine, rattan chain links and gauze cacha.
plays and by encouraging the establishment - He organized the PATDAT (Philippine
of performing groups and the Association of Theatre Designers and
professionalization of Filipino theater. Technicians) in 1995 and by way of
- she co-founded the Barangay Theatre Guild Philippine Center of OISTAT (Organization
in 1939 which paved the way for the Internationale des Scenographes,
popularization of theatre and dramatic arts Techniciens et Architectes du Theatre), he
in the country, utilizing radio and television. introduced Philippine theater design to the
- Major works: Othello (1953), Macbeth in world.
Black (1959), Casa de Bernarda Alba
(1967), Tatarin

4. HONORATA “ATANG” DELA RAMA

- Honorata de la Rama-Hernandez commonly

known as Atang de la Rama
- singer and bodabil performer who became
the first Filipina film actress.
- born in Pandacan, Manila on January 11,
1902.
- Queen of Kundiman in 1979, then already
74 years old singing the same song
(“Nabasag na Banga”) that she sang as a
National Artist in Film and Broadcasting - He left behind 66 films with an activist
agenda bringing hope to the marginalized
1. EDDIE S. ROMERO Filipino population.
- radical filmmaker whose socially conscious
- screenwriter, film director and producer; his
films explored the plight of the marginalized
works revolve around social issues in the
and ignored sectors of Filipino society.
early and mid 1900s.
- more famously known as Lino Brocka; one
- National Artist of the Philippines in 2003
of the Philippines’ greatest auteurs.
- His 1976 film “Ganito Kami Noon, Paano
- born in Pilar, Sorsogon in 1939.
Kayo Ngayon?” set at the turn of the 20th
- His father Regino, who taught him Math,
century during the revolution against the
English, Arts, was killed in a political murder
Spaniards
when Brocka was still young.
- Notable films: Aguila - Filipino families’
- Notable films: Santiago (1970), Tubog sa
lives throughout history, Kamakalawa –
Ginto (1971), Macho Dancer (1989),
Explores the beliefs and lifestyles of pre-
Makiusap ka sa Diyos (1991), Tinimbang Ka
historic Philippines, Banta ng Kahapon –
Ngunit Kulang (1974)
Corruption within the Philippine government,
Noli Me Tangere – A recreation of the
national hero’s life for the new generation.
5. RONALD ALLAN K. POE (FPJ)
- better known as Fernando Poe Jr., FPJ,
2. LAMBERTO AVELLANA
Ronwaldo Reyes and Da King
- Adirector for theater and film that has been - Filipino actor, director and politician.
labeled as "The Boy Wonder of Philippine - "King of Philippine Movies"; "a legend" in
Movies." the Philippine Film Industry.
- He revolutionized new techniques of the film - Both an actor and a director; dropped out of
industry by pioneering the point-of-view college to support his family after his
method. father's death.
- He formed the Barangay Theater Guild with - National Artist of the Philippines for Film on
Daisy Hontiveros May 23, 2006 by former President Arroyo.
- Avellana's films such as Anak Dalita and The award was confirmed by former
Badjao attained international acclaim. President Benigno Aquino III on July 20,
- Notable films: Sakay - was declared the 2012 and was presented to his family on
best picture of 1939, Anak Dalita - won him August 16.
the Grand Prix award of the Asian Film - Notable films: Ang Probinsyano (1996),
Festival in Hong Kong (1956), Badjao - won Partida (1985), Panday (1980, 1981, 1982,
him the Best Director of Asia award in 1984), Mga Alabok sa Lupa (1967) – Gave
Tokyo, Kanderong Pilak - First Filipino film him his first FAMAS Best Actor Award
showed at the Cannes International Film
Festival

3. GERARDO “GERRY” DE LEON

- The only director in the Philippines to have
won the FAMAS Award for Best Director
three consecutive times: in 1960, 1961 and
1962; National Artist in the Philippines
- The most-awarded director in the history of
the Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and
Sciences: 7 awards.
- exposed to a theater-rich atmosphere. He
played the piano for silent films as his first
job, thus exposing him to the film industry.
He finished medicine
- Notable films: Ama't Anak - the first film he
directed. He directed himself as the main
actor and the movie got good reviews,
Ang Maestra - his biggest pre-war hit that
featured Eddie Romero as the movie's
writer

4. CATALINO “LINO” BROCKA

- A director for film and broadcast arts that
espoused the term "freedom of expression"
in the Philippine Constitution.
National Artist in Architecture and Visual Art gardens, and a wide range of outdoor
settings
- grew up in Malabon, made his first mark
1. JUAN F. NAKPIL
with the Makati Commercial Center where
- architect, teacher and civic leader, is a he introduced a new concept of outdoor
pioneer and innovator in Philippine shopping with landscaped walks, fountains
architecture. and sculptures as accents.
- greatest contribution is his belief that there - contribution to modern Filipino landscape
is such a thing as Philippine Architecture architecture was the seminal public
- Major works: Geronimo de los Reyes landscape in Paco Park.
Building,Magsaysay Building, Rizal Theater, - Major works: San Miguel Corporation
Capitol Theater, Captain Pepe Building, Building, Bantayog ng mga Bayani, Manila
Manila Jockey Club, Rufino Building, Hotel, San Miguel Corporation Building,
Philippine Village Hotel, University of the Nayong Pilipino, Paco Park.
Philippines Administration and University
Library, and the reconstructed Rizal house
in Calamba, Laguna. 5. FERNANDO AMORSOLO

- Fernando Amorsolo y Cueto; one of the

2. PABLO S. ANTONIO most important artists in the history of
- National Artist for Architecture painting in the Philippines.
- pioneered modern Philippine architecture; - portraitist and painter of rural Philippine
basic design is grounded on simplicity, landscapes.
no clutter. The lines are clean and smooth, - popularly known for his craftsmanship and
and where there are curves made integral to mastery in the use of light.
the structure. - “Grand Old Man of Philippine Art” (Manila
- For our father, every line must have a Hilton on January 23, 1969)
meaning, a purpose. For him, function - developed the backlighting technique that
comes first before elegance or form became his trademark
- maximum use of natural light and cross - Major works: Maiden in a Stream(1921)-
ventilation. GSIS collection, El Ciego (1928)-Central
- believes that buildings should be planned Bank of the Philippines collection, Dalagang
with austerity in mind and its stability forever Bukid (1936) – Club Filipino collection, The
as the aim of true architecture Mestiza (1943) – National Museum of the
- Major works: Far Eastern University Philippines collection; Planting Rice (1946)-
Administration and Science buildings, UCPB collection, Sunday Morning Going to
Manila Polo Club, Ideal Theater, Lyric Town (1958)-Ayala Museum Collection.
Theater, Galaxy Theater, Capitan Luis
Gonzaga Building, Boulevard-Alhambra 6. GUILLERMO ESTRELLA TOLENTINO
(now Bel-Air) apartments, Ramon Roces
Publications Building (now Guzman Institute - Filipino sculptor and professor of the
of Electronics). University of the Philippines.
- National Artist of the Philippines for
Sculpture in 1973, three years before his
3. LEANDRO V. LOCSIN death.
- Filipino architect, artist, and interior - product of the Revival period in Philippine
designer, known for his use of concrete, art; enrolled at the Royal Academy of Fine
floating volume and simplistic design Arts, Rome
- National Artist of the Philippines for professor at the UP School of Fine Arts
Architecture in 1990 by the late former (1925)
President Corazon C. Aquino. - UP Oblation that became the symbol of
- was born August 15, 1928 in Silay City, freedom at the campus.
Negros Occidental, a grandson of the first - Bonifacio Monument in Caloocan stands as
governor of the province. an enduring symbol of the Filipinos’ cry for
- studied at the De La Salle Brothers in 1935 freedom.
before returning to Negros due to the - Major works: President Quezon at Quezon
Second World War. Memorial, life-size busts of Jose Rizal at UP
- Major works: Church Of The Risen Lord, and UE, marble statue of Ramon
Cultural Center Of The Philippines, The Magsaysay in GSIS Building; granolithics of
parish of holy sacrifice ( Simbahang Bilog) heroic statues representing education,
medicine, forestry, veterinary science, fine
arts and music at UP, designed the gold
4. ILDEFONSO PAEZ SANTOS, JR and bronze medals for the Ramon
Magsaysay Award and did the seal of the
- pioneered the practice of landscape
Republic of the Philippines.
architecture in the Philippines; produced
four decades of exemplary and engaging
work including hundreds of parks, plazas,
7. VICENTE S. MANANSALA

- Vicente Silva Manansala; Filipino cubist

painter and illustrator.
- His paintings are described as visions of
reality teetering on the edge of abstraction.
- his talent was revealed through the copies
he made of the Sagrada Familia and his
mother’s portrait that he copied from a
photograph.
- finished fine arts course from the University
of the Philippines; Philippines Herald as an
illustrator.
- Major works: A Cluster of Nipa Hut, San
Francisco Del Monte, Banaklaot, I Believe in
God, Market Venders, Madonna of the
Slums, Still Life with Green Guitar, Via
Crucis, Whirr, Nude.

8. NAPOLEON "BILLY" VELOSO ABUEVA

- Father of modern Filipino sculpture, the
National Artist of the Philippines – the
youngest artist to receive the honor
living legend of the Filipino art world.
- proclaimed National Artist for Sculpture in
1976 when he was 46
- Major works: The Sculpture at the United
Nations headquarters in New York City,
Kaganapan (1953), Kiss of Judas (1955),
Thirty Pieces of Silver, The Transfiguration
(1979), Eternal Garden Memorial Park, UP
Gateway (1967), Nine Muses (1994), UP
Faculty Center

9. HERNANDO R. OCAMPO
- self-taught painter; was a leading
member of the pre-war Thirteen Moderns,
- his works provided an understanding and
awareness of the harsh social realities in
the country immediately after the Second
World War and contributed significantly to
the rise of the nationalist spirit in the post-
war era.
his abstract works left an indelible mark on
Philippine modern art; evoked the lush
Philippine landscape, its flora and fauna,
under the sun and rain in fierce and bold
colors. He
also played a pivotal role in sustaining the
Philippine Art Gallery
- Major works: Genesis, Ina ng Balon,
Calvary, Slum Dwellers, Nude with Candle
and Flower, Man and Carabao, Angel’s
Kiss, Palayok at Kalan, Ancestors, Isda at
Mangga, The Resurrection, Fifty-three “Q”,
Backdrop, Fiesta.