Art Appreciation
Module 3_Subtopic 1
Mediums of Art
Refers to the MATERIALS or MEANS which the artist
uses to objectify his feelings or thought (eg. pigment in
painting; stone, wood, metal in sculpture; various
building materials in sculpture; sound in music; words
in literature; body movements in dance.
1. The Visual or Space Arts
Those whose mediums can be seen and which occupy
space
2 Categories of Visual Arts:
a. the two dimensional art
-painting,drawing,photography
b. the three- dimensional art
-sculpture, architecture, landscaping,
crafts like, furniture making
Oil painting is the process of
painting with pigments that
are bound with a medium of
drying oil.
Ink paintings are done with a
liquid that contains pigments
and/or dyes and is used to
color a surface to produce an
image, text, or design.
Watercolor is a painting
method in which the paints
are made of pigments
suspended in a water
soluble vehicle.
Acrylic paint is fast drying
paint containing pigment
suspension in acrylic polymer
emulsion.
Sculpture produced by
molding.
A sculpture made using a
waxy substance.
A form of working wood by
means of a cutting tool (knife)
in one hand or a chisel by two
hands or with one hand on a
chisel and one hand on a
mallet, resulting in a wooden
figure or figurine.
Modern works of art,
typically one-off creations,
which are substantially or
wholly made of glass.
Involves physical
manipulation of a plastic
medium by molding or
modeling such as sculpture
or ceramics.
2. The Auditory Arts
Those whose medium can be
heard and which are
expressed in time
(eg. music and literature)
VIOLIN
The violin, also known as
a fiddle, is a string instrument,
usually with four strings tuned
in perfect fifths.
VIOLA
The viola is slightly larger
than a violin in size and has a
lower and deeper sound than
a violin.
VIOLONCELLO
Violoncello is used as a
solo musical instrument, as
well as in chamber
music ensembles, string
orchestras.
DOUBLE BASS
It is the largest and lowest-
pitched bowed string
instrument of the viol family in
the modern symphony orchestra
HARP
It’s different from the other
stringed instruments. It's tall,
about six feet, shaped a little like
the number 7, and has 47 strings
of varying lengths, which are
tuned to the notes of the white
keys of the piano.
LYRE
A stringed instrument of the harp
class having an approximately
U-shaped frame and used by the
ancient Greeks especially to
accompany song and recitation
PICCOLO
Piccolo is a half-size flute, and a
member of the woodwind family
of musical instruments.
FLUTE
It is an aerophone or reedless
wind instrument that produces its
sound from the flow of air across
an opening.
OBOE
Oboe is a family of double
reed woodwind musical
instruments. The standard oboe
plays in the treble or soprano
range.
ENGLISH HORN
English horn or cor anglais is
a transposing instrument pitched
in F, a perfect fifth lower than
the oboe (a C instrument).
CLARINET
a family of woodwind instruments. It
has a single-reed mouthpiece, a
straight, cylindrical tube with an
almost cylindrical bore, and a flared
bell.
SNARE DRUM
Snare drum or side drum is use
in orchestras, concert bands,
marching bands, parades, drum
lines, drum corps, and more.
TIMPANI
Timpani, or kettledrums consist
of a skin called a head stretched
over a large bowl traditionally
made of copper.
TRIANGLE
The triangle is a bar of metal,
usually steel but sometimes other
metals like beryllium copper, bent
into a triangle shape.
XYLOPHONE
A musical instrument in the
percussion family. Each bar is
an idiophone tuned to a pitch of
a musical scale
TRUMPET
Trumpet is the highest register in
the brass family. They are played
by blowing air through closed
lips, producing a "buzzing"
sound.
CORNET
The cornet is a brass
instrument very similar to
the trumpet, distinguished by its
conical bore, compact shape,
and mellower tone quality.
TROMBONE
Trombone produced sounds
when the player’s vibrating lips
(embouchure) cause the air
column inside the instrument to
vibrate.
FRENCH HORN
The French horn (commonly
known simply as the horn) is
a brass instrument made of
tubing more than 20 feet (6.1 m)
long, wrapped into a coil with a
flared bell.
3. The Combined Arts
Those whose medium can be both
seen and heard, and which exist in
both space and time ( eg. The
dance, the drama, then opera, and
the movies) – along with music –
these are called the PERFORMING
ARTS
Module 3_Subtopic 2
STYLES IN ART
Art Style - the combination of distinctive features of
literary or artistic expression, execution, or performance
characterizing a particular person, group, school, or era.
Art Technique - the method of procedure (with reference
to practical or formal details), or way of using basic skills,
in rendering an artistic work or carrying out a scientific or
mechanical operation.
“Abstract” means “to move away or separate”. Abstract
art move from showing things as they really are. The
artist shows his personal feelings or ideas about it.
Abstract art, also called nonobjective art or
nonrepresentational art, painting, sculpture, or
graphic art in which the portrayal of things from the
visible world plays no part.
ABSTRACTION
Any change made by an artist to the size, shape or visual
character of a form to express an idea, convey a feeling or
enhance visual impact.
It involves stretching, lengthening, shortening, squeezing,
melting and twisting an object from its original appearance
to a new, strange, surreal appearance.
DISTORTION
It refers to paintings that feature figures that are painted
with their forms elongated much more than they are in
reality.
Elongation is a form of abstract art that often depicts the
stretched forms of people or objects in nature.
ELONGATION
Art that mutilates by cutting, slashing, or crushing to injure
severely, disfigure, ruin or spoil a subject.
MANGLING
Highly influential visual arts style of the 20th century that was
created principally by the artists Pablo Picasso and Georges
Braque in Paris between 1907 and 1914.
The Cubist style emphasized the flat, two-dimensional surface of
the picture plane, rejecting the traditional techniques
of perspective, foreshortening, modeling, and chiaroscuro, and
refuting time-honoured theories that art should imitate nature.
Cubist painters were not bound to copying form, texture, colour,
and space; instead, they presented a new reality in paintings that
depicted radically fragmented objects.
CUBISM
Symbolism was a late 19th century movement whose artists
communicated ideas through symbols instead of bluntly
depicting reality.
It was created as a reaction to art movements that depicted the
natural world realistically, such as Impressionism, Realism, and
Naturalism.
SYMBOLISM
The Wounded Angel, 1903 The Dance of Life, 1900
It is a style of painting that flourished in France around the turn of
the 20th century.
Fauve artists used pure, brilliant colour aggressively applied
straight from the paint tubes to create a sense of an explosion on
the canvas.
FAUVISM
Dada, nihilistic and antiaesthetic movement in the arts that
flourished primarily in Zürich, Switzerland; New York
City; Berlin, Cologne, and Hannover, Germany; and Paris in the
early 20th century.
Developed in response to the horrors of WW1, the dada
movement rejected reason, rationality and order of the emerging
capitalist society, instead favoring chaos, nonsense and anti-
bourgeois sentiment.
DADAISM
Fountain, 1917
Early 20th-century artistic movement centred in Italy that
emphasized the dynamism, speed, energy, and power of the
machine and the vitality, change, and restlessness of modern
life.
Futurism was first announced on February 20, 1909, when the
Paris newspaper Le Figaro published a manifesto by the Italian
poet and editor Filippo Tommaso Marinetti.
Marinetti coined the word Futurism to reflect his goal of
discarding the art of the past and celebrating change, originality,
and innovation in culture and society.
FUTURISM
Italian Futurism, 1909–1944: Reconstructing the Universe
A movement in visual art and literature, flourishing
in Europe between World Wars I and II.
The movement represented a reaction against what its members
saw as the destruction wrought by the “rationalism” that had
guided European culture and politics in the past and that had
culminated in the horrors of World War I.
SURREALISM
It’s an artistic style in which the artist seeks to depict not
objective reality but rather the subjective emotions and
responses that objects and events arouse within a person.
The artist accomplishes this aim through distortion,
exaggeration, primitivism, and fantasy and through the vivid,
jarring, violent, or dynamic application of formal elements.
EXPRESSIONISM
It’s a major movement, first in painting and later in music, that
developed chiefly in France during the late 19th and early 20th
centuries.
The most conspicuous characteristic of Impressionism in
painting was an attempt to accurately and objectively record
visual reality in terms of transient effects of light and colour. In
music, it was to convey an idea or affect through a wash of
sound rather than a strict formal structure.
IMPRESSIONISM
Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette, 1876 Monet, Claude: Poppies, 1873
Georges Seurat was the founder of the 19th-century French
school of Neo-Impressionism whose technique for portraying the
play of light using tiny brushstrokes of contrasting colours
became known as Pointillism.
Using this technique, he created huge compositions with tiny,
detached strokes of pure colour too small to be distinguished
when looking at the entire work but making his paintings
shimmer with brilliance.
POINTILLISIM
Sometimes called naturalism, it is the attempt to
represent subject matter truthfully, without artificiality and
avoiding artistic conventions, or implausible, exotic, and
supernatural elements.
Realism has been prevalent in the arts at many periods,
and can be in large part a matter of technique and
training, and the avoidance of stylization.
REALISM
Art emphasizing on antiquity and formality.
Use of heavy ornaments, design and movements
Art that highlights drama in human life.
Style of decorative art and design prominent in western Europe and the US
from about 1890 until World War I characterized by intricate linear designs
and flowing curves based on natural form.
