THE 3RD
REPUBLIC
YEAR 1981 - 1985
REPORTERS:
YABUT, RENZ SYDNEY
TOLENTINO, EDIZON
CAMPOS, ANDREI
LACEDA, CHRISTIAN JOSEPH
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
A. THE PALANCA AWARDS
B. FILIPINO POETRY
C. FILIPINO SONGS
D. PHILIPPINE FILMS DURING THIS PERIOD
E. POETRY IN ENGLISH DURING 3RD REPUBLIC
F. MEDIA OF 1983
G. CHILDREN’S BOOK
H. PROSE (FABLES)
I. STATE OF THE PHILIPPINE LITERATURE ENGLISH AT THIS
TIME
SOME WRITERS DURING THIS
PERIOD
Historical Background
After 10 years of military control and certain improvements in Filipino
society that began under the NEW SOCIETY, martial law was finally repealed
on January 2, 1981.
The end of military control signaled a new era for those in power. According
to their perceptions, the Philippines had become a new nation, dubbed "The
New Republic of the Philippines" by former President Marcos.
Historical Background
This was dubbed the "Third Republic" by historians. He asserted that the First
Republic was during Emilio Aguinaldo's Philippine republic, when we first
gained freedom from the Spaniards on June 12, 1898.
The second was when the Americans granted us our independence on July 4,
1946. This period, January 2, 1981 was the third republic when we were freed
by military rule.
The Palanca Awards
The Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for literature which was launched in
1950 (Chapter 7 renaissance period), continued its recognition of the best in the
literary fields - poetry, short story, essay and the one and three-act plays.
In 1981, the winners were the following:
First prize: Jessie B. Garcia’s “In Hog Heaven”
Second prize: Luning Bonifacio-Ira’s “The Party Hopper”
Third prize: Jesus Q. Cruz “In These Hallowed Halls”
The Palanca Awards
in 1982, whose who won were:
First prize: “Heart Island” by Jose Dalisay Jr.
Second prize: “pas dee deux” by Azucena Grajo Uranza
Third prize: “The sky is always blue” by Jose Marle A. Abueg
The Filipino Poetry
Poems during this period of the third republic were romantic
and revolutionary. Writers wrote openly of their criticism
against the goverment. The supplications of the people were
coached in fiery, colorful, violent, profane and insulting
language.
C. Filipino Songs
During the 3rd Republic, many Filipino songs focuses on true -to-life themes such as
poverty, freedom, love of God, country and of fellowmen.
A lot of Filipino composers grieved over Ninoy Aquino’s assassination composed
songs.
Filipino composers include: Freddie Aguilar
Coritha
Laban ng Bayan Ko
Eric
Freddie Aguilar Bayan Ko
D. Philippine Films During This Period
Film Genre
During the 3rd Republic Period, the Kontrobersyal (1981) Drama
yearly Festival of Filipinos Films
continued. Relasyon (1982) Drama
The people’s love for sex films also
Dugong Buhay (1983) Drama
was unabated. A lot of producers
took advantage of this at the
Ang Panday (1984) Action/ Fantasy
expense of public morality
Tinik sa Dibdib (1985) Drama
E. Poetry in English During the 3rd Republic
A consistent writer of Philippine Panorama Magazine Alfredo wrote
in his column “Post-Prandal Reflections” that said “A darkness in the
mind of soul is how some forgotten poet puts it. It’s suddenness was
so profound that we couldn’t but react to it in any other way.”
Poets, surprisingly, by common consent, found themselves writing on a
common subject. Reproduction of some of them are reprinted here. We
call them the protest poetry of the 80's.
The themes of most during this time dealt with courage, shock and grief
over the “treachery inflicted upon Aquino.”
Example: Death Like Stone for Benigno S. Aquino Jr. from Philippine
Panorama
Media of 1983
Sheila S. Coronel, a PANORAMA staff stalwart,
reporting on the state of the media during these
times said: it was a year of ferment, and change, of
old problems made more oppressive by the new
throbbing beat of the times.” For journalists, it was
a year loaded with libel charges, lawsuits and
seditious trials which they gallantly bore as
harassment suits
Children’s Books
mong the well-loved forms of writing
which abounded during this period were
those of children’s stories. The Children’s
Communication Center (CCC) directed by
poet and writer Virgilio S. Almario already
has built up an impressive collection of
these kinds of books
The following are some of the books of the period.
• 1982: Plays For Children by Jame B. Reuter S.J. (New Day Pub.)
• 1983: Story Telling For Young Children
• 1983: Jose And Cardo by Peggy Corr Manuel
• 1983: Joaquinesquerie: Myth A La Mod (Cacho Hermanos)
• 1983: Lahi: 5 Filipino Folk Tales (Of 5 English Books And 1 Cassette
Tape)
• 1984: Rizaliana For Children: Illustrations And Folktales by: Jose P.
Rizal, introduced and annotated by Alfredo Navarro Salanga
• 1984: Gatan And Talaw by Jaime Alipit Montero H. (Prose) Fables
(PROSE) FABLES
The people’s cry of protest found outlets
not only in poetry but also in veiled prose
fables which transparently satirized the
occupants of Malacañang. Among those
that saw prints were:
1. The Crown Jewels of Heezenhurstby Sylvia Mendez Ventura
2. The Emperor’s New Underwear by MeynardoA. Macaraig
3. The King’s Cold by BabethLolarga
4.The Case of the Missing Charisma (unfinished) by Sylvia L.
Mayuga.
In all the fables, the king, differently referred to as TotusMarkus
or the king or Haring Matinikwas meant to poke fun at the ruler at
Malacañang; similarly, Reyna Maganda or the Queen, was a veiled
thrust at his queen.
They were both drunk with power and were punished in the end
for their misdeeds.
The State of Philippine Literature in English at this
time
Isagani Cruz, who wrote about the Philippine literature in the “Age of
Ninoy,” made some of the following observations:
1. Change in the direction of greater consciousness in content and form.
2. Change in the number of readers and the number of writers and the
kind of class of writers. Writers who joined the ranks came not only from
the established or professional groups but from all ranks –clerks,
secretaries, drivers, housewives, students; in short, the masses.
3. The birth of a new poetic movement still dims in outline.
The State of Philippine Literature in English at this
time
Continued Growth and Diversity: English remains one of the official
languages of the Philippines, and it plays a significant role in the country
Emerging Authors: Alfredo Navarro Salanga and Virgilio S. Almario are
the notable authors on this period due to their critical nature.
Global Reach: global recognition has helped promote Philippine
literature on the world stage.
Literary Awards: Filipino writers have continued to receive awards and
recognition for their contributions to literature
THANK'S FOR
LISTENING!
