SAGI RAMA KRISHNAM RAJU ENGINEERING COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS)

(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Affiliated to JNTUK, Kakinada)

Accredited by NAAC with ‘A+’ Grade, Accredited by NBA (UG: Civil, CSE, ECE, EEE,IT& ME)
Recognised as Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
SRKR MARG, CHINA AMIRAM, BHIMAVARAM – 534204 W.G.Dt., A.P., INDIA

Estd:1980

LIST OF OPEN ELECTIVES

OFFERED BY VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS TO OTHER DEPARTMENTS
IN IV YEAR I SEMESTER OE-III

Offered by Course Code Course Name Offered to

ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE & DATA B20ADOE04 Machine Learning CE, ECE, EEE & ME
SCIENCE
AIDS, CSBS, CSE, ECE,
CIVIL ENGINEERING B20CEOE05 Alternative Energy Sources
& IT
COMPUTER SCIENCE &
B20CBOE04 Human Resource Management CE, ECE, EEE & ME
BUSINESS SYSTEMS
B20CSOE07 Operating Systems
COMPUTER SCIENCE &
B20CSOE08 Machine Learning CE, ECE, EEE & ME
ENGINEERING
B20CSOE09 Data Science
ELECTRONICS & B20ECOE05 Digital Signal Processing
AIDS, CE, CSBS, CSE,
COMMUNICATION
B20ECOE06 Image Processing EEE, IT & ME
ENGINEERING
ELECTRICAL &
Matlab programming for AIDS, CE, CSBS, CSE,
ELECTRONICS B20EEOE02
Engineering applications IT & ME
ENGINEERING
INFORMATION
B20ITOE05 Cloud Computing CE, ECE, EEE & ME
TECHNOLOGY
AIDS, CE, CSBS, CSE,
B20MEOE07 Green Energy Systems
MECHANICAL ECE& IT
ENGINEERING B20MEOE08 Total Quality Management AIDS, CE, CSBS, CSE,
B20MEOE09 Supply Chain Management ECE, EEE & IT
MATHEMATICS AND Mathematical Modeling for data CE, CSBS, CSE, ECE,
B20BSOE03
HUMANITIES science EEE, IT & ME

Page 1 of 29
 Code Category L T P C I.M E.M Exam
B20ADOE04 OE 3 - -- 3 30 70 3 Hrs.

MACHINE LEARNING
(Offered by AIDS)
(Offered to CE, ECE, EEE & ME)
Course Objectives:
Identify problems that are amenable to solution by ANN methods, and which ML methods may
1
be suited to solving a given problem.
Formalize a given problem in the language/framework of different ANN methods (e.g., as a
2 search problem, as a constraint satisfaction problem, as a planning problem, as a Markov decision
process, etc).

Course Outcomes: After completion of the course, the student will be able to
Knowledge
S.No Outcome
Level
1 Explain the fundamental usage of the concept Machine Learning system K3
2 Demonstrate on various regression Technique K3
3 Analyze the Ensemble Learning Methods K3
Illustrate the Clustering Techniques and Dimensionality Reduction Models in
4 K3
Machine Learning.
Discuss the Neural Network Models and Fundamentals concepts of Deep
5 K2
Learning
SYLLABUS
Introduction- Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep learning, Types of
Machine Learning Systems, Main Challenges of Machine Learning.
UNIT-I
Statistical Learning: Introduction, Supervised and Unsupervised Learning, Training and
(12Hrs)
Test Loss, Tradeoffs in Statistical Learning, Estimating Risk Statistics, Sampling
distribution of an estimator, Empirical Risk Minimization.

Supervised Learning (Regression/Classification): Basic Methods: Distance based

UNIT-II Methods, Nearest Neighbor’s, Decision Trees, Naive Bayes, Linear Models: Linear
(10 Hrs) Regression, Logistic Regression, Generalized Linear Models, Support Vector Machines,
Binary Classification: Multiclass/Structured outputs, MNIST, Ranking.

Ensemble Learning and Random Forests: Introduction, Voting Classifiers, Bagging

UNIT-III and Pasting, Random Forests, Boosting, Stacking.
(10 Hrs) Support Vector Machine: Linear SVM Classification, Nonlinear SVM Classification
SVM Regression, Naïve Bayes Classifiers.

UNIT-IV Unsupervised Learning Techniques: Clustering, K-Means, Limits of K-Means, Using

Page 2 of 29
 (8 Hrs) Clustering for Image Segmentation, Using Clustering for Preprocessing, Using Clustering
for Semi-Supervised Learning, DBSCAN, Gaussian Mixtures.
Dimensionality Reduction: The Curse of Dimensionality, Main Approaches for
Dimensionality Reduction, PCA, Using Scikit-Learn, Randomized PCA, Kernel PCA.

Neural Networks and Deep Learning: Introduction to Artificial Neural Networks with
UNIT-V
Keras, Implementing MLPs with Keras, Installing TensorFlow 2, Loading and
(10Hrs)
Preprocessing Data with TensorFlow.

Text Books:
Hands-On Machine Learning with Scikit-Learn, Keras, and Tensor Flow, 2nd Edition, O’Reilly
1.
Publications, 2019
Data Science and Machine Learning Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Dirk P. Kroese,
2.
Zdravko I. Botev, Thomas Taimre, Radislav Vaisman,25th November 2020
Reference Books:
1. Machine Learning Probabilistic Approach, Kevin P. Murphy, MIT Press, 2012.
e-Resources:
1. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/introduction
2. https://www.w3schools.com/datascience/
3. https://github.com/jakevdp/PythonDataScienceHandbook

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 Code Category L T P C IM EM Exam
B20CEOE05 OE 3 --- --- 3 30 70 3 hrs.

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES

(Offered by CE)
(Offered to AIDS, CSBS, CSE, ECE, & IT)

Course Objectives:
1 Explain the concepts of Non-renewable and renewable energy systems
2 Outline utilization of renewable energy sources for both domestic and industrial applications
Analyze the environmental and cost economics of renewable energy sources in comparison with
3
fossil fuels.

Course Outcomes: After completion of the course, the student will be able to
Knowledge
S. No. Outcome
Level
1 Summarize the need of renewable sources in Global scenario K2
2 Explain the solar thermal conversion processes K2
3 Explain the wind energy conversion techniques K2
4 Explain the biomass energy conversion methodologies K2
5 Explain the principle of ocean thermal energy conversion system K2

SYLLABUS
Global and National Energy Scenario: Over view of conventional & renewable energy
sources - need & development of renewable energy sources - Future of Energy Use, Energy
UNIT- I
for sustainable development - Potential of renewable energy sources - renewable electricity
(10 hrs.)
and key elements - Global climate change - CO2 reduction potential of renewable energy -
concept of Hybrid systems.

Solar Energy: Solar energy system - Solar Radiation – Availability - Measurement and
UNIT- II
Estimation - Solar Thermal Conversion Devices and Storage - Applications Solar
(10 hrs.)
Photovoltaic Conversion, applications of solar energy systems.

Wind Energy: Wind Energy Conversion - Site selection, Types of wind turbines, wind
Generation and Control. Nature of the wind, , factors influencing wind, wind data and
energy estimation, wind speed monitoring, classification of wind, characteristics,
UNIT- III
applications of wind turbines, offshore wind energy – Hybrid systems, wind resource
(10 hrs.)
assessment, Betz limit, site selection, wind energy conversion devices. Wind mill component
design, economics and demand side management, energy wheeling, and energy banking
concepts. Safety and environmental aspects, wind energy potential and installation in India.

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 Biogas: Calorific value and composition of biogas – Bio energy systems – Biomass
UNIT- IV conversion processes – Thermo chemical conversion processes – biomass gasification –
(10 hrs.) pyrolysis – liquefaction – anaerobic digestion – Urban waste to energy conversion – bio
diesel production – Biomass energy programme in India.

Ocean Energy – Principle of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) – tidal energy
UNIT- V conversion – Scheme of development of tidal energy Hydro power plants- types of turbines
(10 hrs.) – estimation of primary and secondary power Geothermal Energy – Geothermal power
plants

Text Books:
1 Non-Conventional Energy Sources by G.D.Rai
2 Twidell, J.W. and Weir, A., Renewable Energy Sources, EFN Spon Ltd., 1986.
Reference Books:
1 Kishore VVN, Renewable Energy Engineering and Technology, Teri Press, New Delhi, 2012
Godfrey Boyle, Renewable Energy, Power for a Sustainable Future, Oxford University Press,
2
U.K., 1996.

Page 5 of 29
 Course Code Category L T P C I.M E.M. Exam
B20CBOE04 OE 3 -- -- 3 30 70 3 Hrs.

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

(Offered by CSBS)
(Offered to CE, ECE, EEE & ME)

Course Objectives: Students are expected to

1 Understand the importance of human resource management as a field of study and as a
central management function.
2 Appraise the elements of the HR function (e.g. – recruitment, selection, training and
development, etc.) and be familiar with each element’s key concepts & terminology;
3 Apply the performance appraisal methods in assessing the employees;
3 Understand the importance of Human resource development;
4 Assess the global HR polices and conditions.

Course Outcomes: After completion of the course, the student will be able to
Knowledge
S.No Outcome
Level
1 Discuss the HR role in the success of business firm. K2
2 Identify the right methods of staffing activity for an organization. K4
3 Assess the employee performance by using appraisal techniques. K3
4 Interpreting the Human resource development activity of an organization. K2
5 Predict the international environment for choosing suitable HR policy. K3

SYLLABUS
Introduction to Human Resource Management:
Introduction to HRM: Meaning and Definition of HRM; Nature and Scope of HRM;
UNIT-I
Objectives of HRM; Functions of HRM; Strategic Human Resource Management-
(10 Hrs)
Process, Corporate level strategies, Organizational and Human resource Strategies;
Merger and Acquisition strategies.

Staffing;
HR Planning-Job Analysis- Need and Team analysis; Job Description -
Characteristics, contents and steps; Job Specification- information; Uses of job
Analysis; Ergonomics.
UNIT-II
Recruitment- Definition and Objectives of recruitment, Strategic Management and
(10 Hrs)
recruitment; Recruitment policies; Sources of recruitment; Factors effecting
recruitment; Selection- Meaning and definition, essential of selection procedure; Job
Evaluation- Meaning and definition, objectives, principles, procedure of job
Evaluation, problems of job evaluation; Merit rating.
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 Performance Management:
Performance Appraisal -Meaning, Need and purposes; Methods of performance
UNIT-III
appraisal, Uses of performance appraisal, Problems of performance appraisal, Recent
(12 Hrs)
developments in performance appraisal; Promotions- Meaning, types, purposes, bases,
benefits and problems; Transfer- Meaning, Reasons and Types.

Human Resource Development:

Training-Meaning, Assessment of Training Needs, Training Methods-On the Job, off-
UNIT-IV the Job Methods-Training Evaluation, Advantages of training.
(12 Hrs) Management Development—objectives, principles and methods of Management
Development: on the job and off-the job methods; Career Development Planning-
meaning, need for, steps, process and actions, Succession planning.

Global Human Resource Management & Ethics in Human Resource Management:

Global recruitment-Global selection approach; Cross- cultural training; Compensation;
UNIT-V
Women in International Business; Ethics- Meaning, Ethics in job design; Human
(10Hrs)
Resource Planning; Employee Turnover; Wage and Salary Administration; Training and
Development.

Text Books:
1. Subba Rao P., Personnel and Human Resource Management- Text and Cases, Himalaya
Publications, Mumbai, 2013.
2. Dessler, G., Fundamentals of Human Resource Management ,4th Edition, Pearson,2017.
Reference Books:
1. Aswathappa, K., Human Resource and Personnel Management, Tata McGraw Hill New
Delhi, 2013.
2. Seema Sanghi, Human Resource Management, Macmillan Publishers India Ltd., 2017.
3. Shashi K.Gupta, Human Resource Management, Kalyani Publishers, 2011.
4. N.Sambasiva Rao and Dr. Nirmal Kumar, Human Resource Management and Industrial
Relations, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.

Page 7 of 29
 Code Category L T P C I.M E.M Exam
B20CSOE07 OE 3 -- -- 3 30 70 3 Hrs.

OPERATING SYSTEMS
(Offered by CSE)
(Offered to CE, ECE, EEE & ME)
Course Objectives:
1. Introduce to the internal operation of modern operating systems
Define, explain, processes and threads, mutual exclusion, CPU scheduling, deadlock, memory
2.
management, and file systems
3. Understand File Systems in Operating System like UNIX/Linux and Windows
Understand Input Output Management and use of Device Driver and Secondary Storage (Disk)
4.
Mechanism
5. Analyze Security and Protection Mechanism in Operating System

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course Students will be able to

Knowledge
S.No Outcome
Level
Describe various generations of Operating System and functions of Operating
1. K2
System
Describe the concept of program, process and thread and analyze various CPU
2. Scheduling Algorithms and compare their performance and Solve Inter Process K4
Communication problems
Compare various Memory Management Schemes especially paging and
3. Segmentation in Operating System and apply various Page Replacement K3
Techniques
4. Apply the concepts of Deadlocks, Secondary storage structure K3
5. Analyze Security and Protection Mechanism in Operating System K4

SYLLABUS
Operating Systems Overview: Operating system functions, Operating system structure,
UNIT-I Operating systems operations
(10 Hrs) System Structures: Operating System Services, User and Operating-System Interface,
systems calls, Types of System Calls, system programs.

Process Concept: Process scheduling, Operations on processes, Inter-process

communication, Communication in client server systems.
Multithreaded Programming: Multithreading models, Thread libraries, Threading issues.
UNIT-II Process Scheduling: Basic concepts, Scheduling criteria, Scheduling algorithms, Multiple
(10 Hrs) processor scheduling, Thread scheduling.
Inter-process Communication: Race conditions, Critical Regions, Mutual exclusion with
busy waiting, Sleep and wakeup, Semaphores, Mutexes, Classical IPC Problems - Dining
philosophers problem, Readers and writers problem.
Page 8 of 29
 Memory-Management Strategies: Introduction, Swapping, Contiguous memory
UNIT-III allocation, Paging, Segmentation.
(10 Hrs) Virtual Memory Management: Introduction, Demand paging, Copy on-write, Page
replacement, Page replacement Algorithms

Deadlocks: Resources, Conditions for resource deadlocks, Deadlock detection and

UNIT-IV recovery, Deadlock avoidance, Deadlock prevention.
(10 Hrs) Secondary-Storage Structure: Overview of disk structure, and attachment, Disk
scheduling, RAID structure, Stable storage implementation.

System Protection: Goals of protection, Principles and domain of protection, Access

UNIT-V
matrix, Access control, Revocation of access rights.
(10 Hrs)
System Security: Introduction, Program threats, System and network threats.

Text Books:
Silberschatz A, Galvin P B, and Gagne G, Operating System Concepts, 9th edition, Wiley,
1.
2013.
Tanenbaum A S, Modern Operating Systems, 3rd edition, Pearson Education, 2008. (for
2.
Interprocess Communication and File systems.)
Reference Books:
Dhamdhere D M, Operating Systems A Concept Based Approach, 3rd edition, Tata McGraw-
1.
Hill, 2012.
Stallings W, Operating Systems -Internals and Design Principles, 6th edition, Pearson Education,
2.
2009
3. Nutt G, Operating Systems, 3rd edition, Pearson Education, 2004
e-Resources:
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106/105/106105214/

Page 9 of 29
 Code Category L T P C I.M E.M Exam
B20CSOE08 OE 3 -- -- 3 30 70 3 Hrs.

MACHINE LEARNING
(Offered by CSE)
(Offered to CE, ECE, EEE & ME)
Course Objectives:
1. To introduce the basic concepts and techniques of Machine Learning
2. To demonstrate regression, classification and clustering methods.
To introduce the concepts of dimensionality reduction, artificial neural networks and
3.
reinforcement learning
4. To show the application of machine learning model evaluation and optimization techniques

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course Students will be able to

Knowledge
S.No Outcome
Level
1. Formulate the concepts of ingredients and preliminaries of machine learning K2
2. Apply tree models, linear models and distance-based models K3
3. Identify and construct features and ensemble models K3
Demonstrate the concepts of dimensionality reduction techniques, model evaluation
4. K2
and selection techniques
5. Apply the concepts of artificial neural networks, reinforcement learning K3

SYLLABUS
The ingredients of machine learning: Basic concepts, Types of machine learning, Tasks:
the problems that can be solved with machine learning, Models: the output of machine
learning, Features.
UNIT-I
Preliminaries: The curse of dimensionality, Overfitting, Training, Test and Validation sets,
(12 Hrs)
The confusion matrix, The accuracy metrics: Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision,
recall, F1 measure, Naïve Bayes Classifier, Some basic statistics: variance, covariance,
bias-variance tradeoff.

Tree Models: Decision Trees.

Linear Models: The least-squares method: Univariate linear regression, Logistic
UNIT-II
Regression, (Except Logistic regression others Peter Flach)
(10 Hrs)
Distance Based Models: Introduction, Nearest Neighbours classification, Distance Based
Clustering.

Features: Kinds of feature, Feature transformations: Thresholding and discretisation,

UNIT-III
Normalisation, Incomplete Features, Feature construction and selection.
(10 Hrs)
Model ensembles: Bagging, random forests, Boosting: AdaBoost.

UNIT-IV Dimensionality Reduction: PCA

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 (08 Hrs) Model Evaluation and Optimization: Cross Validation, Grid Search, Regularization

Neurons, NNs, Linear Discriminants: The Neuron, Neural Networks, The perceptron,
Multilayer perceptrons: Going forwards, Going backwards: Backpropagation of error,
UNIT-V
Examples of using MLP.
(10 Hrs)
Reinforcement Learning: Overview, Example, Markov Decision Process, Values, Uses of
Reinforcement Learning

Text Books:
1. Introduction to Machine Learning, Alpaydin E, MIT Press (2014) 3rdEdition
Machine Learning: The art and science of algorithms that make sense of data, Peter Flach,
2.
Cambridge, 2012
3. Machine Learning: An algorithmic perspective, Stephen Marsland, 2nd edition, CRC press, 2014.
Python Machine Learning Cookbook-Practical Solutions from Preprocessing to Deep Learning,
4.
Chris Albon, Oreilly, 2018.
Reference Books:
The elements of statistical learning, Data Mining, Inference and Prediction, Trevor Hastie, Robert
1.
Tibshirani, Jerome Friedman, Second edition , Springer, 2009.
2. Machine Learning in Action, Peter Harington, 2012, Cengage.
Python Machine Learning: Machine Learning and Deep Learning with Python, scikit-learn,
3.
Tensorflow, Sebastian Raschka, Vahid Mirjalili, Second edition, 2020
Online MOOC Courses:
1. “Machine Learning” course by Andrew Ng on Coursera
2. “Introduction to Machine Learning (IITKGP)” by Prof. Sudeshna Sarkar, on Swayam
3. “Machine Learning A-Z (Python & R in Data Science Course)” on Udemy
Useful Reference Links:
1. “Linear Discriminant Analysis”, https://sebastianraschka.com/Articles/2014_python_lda.html
“Principal Component Analysis versus Linear Discriminant Analysis”,
2. https://medium.com/analytics-vidhya/illustrative-example-of-principalcomponent-analysis-pcavs-
linear-discriminant-analysis-lda-is-105c431e8907
“A gentle introduction to K-fold cross validation”, https://machinelearningmastery.com/k-
3.
foldcross-validation/
Grid search for model tuning”, https://medium.com/analyticsvidhya/illustrative-example-
4.
ofprincipal-component-analysis-pca-vs-lineardiscriminant-analysis-lda-is-105c431e8907
“Regularization in Machine Learning”, https://towardsdatascience.com/regularization-inmachine-
5.
learning76441ddcf99a

Page 11 of 29
 Code Category L T P C I.M E.M Exam
B20CSOE09 OE 3 -- -- 3 30 70 3 Hrs.

DATA SCIENCE
(Offered by CSE)
(Offered to CE, ECE, EEE & ME)
Course Objectives:
1. Provide you with the knowledge and expertise to become a proficient data scientist
2. Understanding of statistics and machine learning concepts that are vital for data science
3. Learn to statistically analyze a dataset
4. Explain the significance of exploratory data analysis (EDA) in data science
5. Evaluate data visualizations based on their design and use for communicating stories from data

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course Students will be able to

Knowledge
S.No Outcome
Level
1. Use R to carry out basic statistical modeling and analysis K3
2. Apply basic tools (plots, graphs, summary statistics) to visualization of data K3
3. Illustrate Gradient Descent methods K3
4. Apply various techniques for getting and Manipulating data K3
5. Describe machine learning for the Data Science Process K3

SYLLABUS
Introduction: Getting Python, Virtual Environments, Whitespace Formatting, Modules,
UNIT-I Functions, Strings, Exceptions, Lists, Tuples, Dictionaries defaultdict, Counters, Sets,
(12 Hrs) Control Flow, Truthiness, Sorting, List Comprehensions, Automated Testing and assert,
Object-Oriented Programming

UNIT-II Visualizing Data: matplotlib, Bar Charts, Line Charts, Scatterplots. Linear Algebra:
(10 Hrs) Vectors, Matrices, Statistics: Describing a Single Set of Data

Gradient Descent: The Idea Behind Gradient Descent, Estimating the Gradient, Using the
UNIT-III
Gradient, Choosing the Right Step Size, Using Gradient Descent to Fit Models, Minibatch
(10 Hrs)
and Stochastic Gradient Descent.

Getting Data: stdin and stdout, Reading Files, Scraping the Web, Using APIs,
UNIT-IV
Working with Data: Exploring Your Data Using Named Tuples, Data classes, Cleaning
(08 Hrs)
and Munging, Manipulating Data, Rescaling, Dimensionality Reduction.

Machine Learning: Modeling, Overfitting and Underfitting, Correctness, The Bias-

UNIT-V
Variance Tradeoff, Feature Extraction and Selection, k-Nearest Neighbors, Naive Bayes,
(10 Hrs)
Simple Linear Regression

Page 12 of 29
Text Books:
1. Joel Grus, “Data Science From Scratch”, OReilly.
2. Allen B.Downey, “Think Stats”, OReilly.
Reference Books:
Doing Data Science: Straight Talk From The Frontline, 1st Edition, Cathy O’Neil and Rachel
1.
Schutt, O’Reilly, 2013
Mining of Massive Datasets, 2nd Edition, Jure Leskovek, Anand Rajaraman and Jeffrey Ullman,
2.
v2.1, Cambridge University Press, 2014
“The Art of Data Science”, 1st Edition, Roger D. Peng and Elizabeth matsui, Lean Publications,
3.
2015
“Algorithms for Data Science”, 1st Edition, Steele, Brian, Chandler, John, Reddy, Swarna,
4.
springers Publications, 2016
e-Resources:
1. https://github.com/joelgrus/data-science-from-scratch
2. https://github.com/donnemartin/data-science-ipython-notebooks
3. https://github.com/academic/awesome-datascience

Page 13 of 29
 Code Category L T P C I.M E.M Exam
B20ECOE05 OE 3 -- -- 3 30 70 3 Hrs.

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

(Offered by: ECE)
(Offered to AIDS, CE, CSBS, CSE, EEE, IT & ME)

Course Objectives:
This course introduces students to the fundamental principles of Digital Signal Processing and
1. develops essential analysis and design tools required for signal processing systems &
implementations
This subject is an introduction to the graduate-level courses in a broad range of disciplines
2.
spanning communications, speech processing & image processing.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course Students will be able to

Knowledge
S.No Outcome
Level
Describe the DSP fundamentals and. Carry-out LTI system analysis using
1. K2
convolution & Z-transform
2. Carryout data analysis & spectrum analysis using FFT K3
3. Design of FIR digital filters to meet specifications K3
4. Illustrate about DSP applications K2
5. Illustrate multirate signal processing aspects K2

SYLLABUS
Discrete-Time Signals and Systems: Introduction to Digital Signal Processing, Basic
elements of a DSP system, Advantages of Digital SP over Analogy SP, Discrete-time
signals and systems, DT-LTI systems described by Linear constant–coefficient difference
UNIT-I
equations, Properties & Analysis of DT-LTI systems, Discrete linear convolution, Review
(10Hrs)
of the Z-transform, Properties, Inverse Z-transform, Analysis of DT-LTI systems in Z-
Domain, System function, One-sided Z-transform, Solution of difference equations,
Structures and Realization of Digital Filters, Direct-I, II, series and parallel forms.

Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Fast Fourier Transform Algorithms (FFT):
UNIT-II DFT, Properties of DFT, Circular and linear convolution of sequences using DFT, Radix–2
(10 Hrs) Decimation–in–Time (DIT) & Decimation–in–Frequency (DIF) FFT Algorithms, Inverse
FFT.

Design of FIR Digital Filters:

UNIT-III
Characteristics of FIR Digital Filters, Design of Linear Phase FIR digital Filters using
(10 Hrs)
Windows, Criteria for selecting appropriate window function, Design examples,

Page 14 of 29
 Comparison of IIR and FIR Filters

DSP Applications
UNIT-IV
Overview of DSP applications, Spectral analysis of sinusoidal signals using FFT, Subband
(10 Hrs)
coding of speech signals, DTMF Signalling.

Fundamentals of Multirate Digital Signal Processing:

UNIT-V Introduction to Multirate DSP, Basic sampling rate alteration devices: upsampler,
(10 Hrs) downsampler, Time and Frequency domain characterization of up/down samplers,
Interpolator and decimator

Textbooks:
1. Alan V. Oppenheim, Ronald W. Schafer, “Digital Signal Processing” – PHI Ed., 2006
John G. Proakis, D.G. Manolakis, “Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms and
2.
Applications”, 3rd Ed., PHI, 1996.
Reference Books:
Sanjit K. Mitra, "Digital Signal Processing: A Computer Based Approach”, Tata McGraw
1.
Hill.
Lawrence R. Rabiner, Bernard Gold, “Theory and application of digital signal processing”,
2.
Prentice Hall.
e-Resources
https://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-6-008-digital-signal-processing-spring-
1.
2011/index.html
2. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117/102/117102060/

Page 15 of 29
 Code Category L T P C I.M E.M Exam
B20ECOE06 OE 3 -- -- 3 30 70 3 Hrs.

IMAGE PROCESSING
(Offered by ECE)
(Offered to AIDS, CE, CSBS, CSE, EEE, IT &ME)
Course Objectives:
1. To introduce fundamentals of digital image processing and study image transforms
2. To demonstrate digital image processing techniques in spatial and frequency domains
To study advanced image analysis methods: image segmentation, morphological image
3.
processing

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course Students will be able to

Knowledge
S.No Outcome
Level
Understand the basic principles of digital image processing and perform image
1. K2
transforms.
perform basic image processing methods such as Image filtering operations,
2. K3
Image enhancement.
Analyze and compare various image compression techniques and their
3. K4
applications
4. Design and implement various algorithms for image analysis K4

SYLLABUS
Fundamentals of Image Processing: Digital Image Fundamentals, Basic steps of Image
UNIT-I Processing System, Sampling and Quantization of an image, relationship between pixels,
(10Hrs) Imaging Geometry. Image Transforms: 2 D- Discrete Fourier Transform, Discrete Cosine
Transform (DCT)

Image Enhancement: Spatial domain methods: Histogram processing, Fundamentals of

UNIT-II Spatial filtering, Smoothing spatial filters, Sharpening spatial filters. Frequency domain
(10 Hrs) methods: Basics of filtering in frequency domain, image smoothing, image sharpening,
Selective filtering.

Image Segmentation: Segmentation concepts, Point, Line and Edge Detection, Edge
UNIT-III
Linking using Hough Transform, Thresholding, Region Based segmentation. Wavelet
(10 Hrs)
based Image Processing: Introduction to wavelet Transform

Image Compression: Image compression fundamentals - Coding Redundancy, Spatial and

UNIT-IV
Temporal redundancy, Compression models: Lossy and Lossless, Huffman coding,
(10 Hrs)
Arithmetic coding.
Page 16 of 29
 Image Restoration: Image Restoration Degradation model, Algebraic approach to
UNIT-V restoration, Inverse Filtering.
(10 Hrs) Morphological Image Processing: Dilation and Erosion, Opening and closing, the hit or
miss Transformation, some basic morphological algorithms.

Textbooks:
Digital Image Processing, Rafael C. Gonzalez and Richard E.Woods, 4thEdition, Pearson,
1.
2018
Digital Image Processing, S.Jayaraman, S. Esakkirajan, T. Veerakumar, 5th Edition, TMH,
2.
2015
Reference Books:
1. Digital Image Processing, William K.Pratt, 3rdEdition, John Willey, 2007
2. Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, A.K.Jain, 3rd Edition, PHI, 1989
e-Resources
1. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc19_ee55/preview
2. https://www.digimat.in/nptel/courses/video/117105135/L01.html

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 Code Category L T P C I.M E.M Exam
B20EEOE02 OE 3 -- -- 3 30 70 3 Hrs

MATLAB PROGRAMMING FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS

(Offered by EEE)
(Offered to AIDS, CE, CSBS, CSE, IT & ME)

Course Objectives: Students will learn

1. About the MATLAB basics, built-in functions, matrix operations, plotting commands.
2. Conditional and looping statements to write MATLAB programs.
3. About the different statistical approaches for better interpretation of data using MATLAB.
About the MATLAB programming to solve engineering systems described by the mathematical
4.
equations.
5. About the MATLAB programming for numerical methods.

Course Outcomes: Students will be able to

Knowledge
S.No Outcome
Level
Use the built-in functions, matrix operations, plotting commands, arithmetic
1. K3
operations in MATLAB programs.
2. Apply the conditional and looping statements to write MATLAB programs. K3
Apply different statistical approaches for better interpretation of data using
3. K3
MATLAB.
Apply MATLAB programming to solve engineering systems described by the
4. K3
mathematical equations.
5. Apply MATLAB programming for numerical methods. K3

SYLLABUS
INTRODUCTION TO MATLAB
History, purpose and importance, data types, conversion of data types, operators, built-in
UNIT-I functions, creating vectors, matrices, manipulation of vectors and matrices, Matrix
(10 Hrs) Operations, addition, subtraction, multiplication, transpose, Inverse, Determinant, Identity
matrix, using simple xy Plotting Functions, line plots, subplots, bar plots, surface plots, pie
plots, Saving and loading data.

MATLAB PROGRAMMING
UNIT-II Program Design and Development, Relational Operators and Logical Variables, Logical
(10 Hrs) Operators, If statement, Else-if statement, Else statement, Switch Statement, For Loops,
While Loops, Debugging MATLAB Programs, Simple programming examples.

UNIT-III STATISTICS, PROBABILITY AND INTERPOLATION

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(10 Hrs) Statistics and Histograms, The Normal Distribution, Mean, Mode, Median and Standard
Deviation, Uniformly Distributed Numbers, Normally Distributed Random Numbers,
Generating Random Integers, Interpolation, Two-Dimensional Interpolation, curve fitting
using least square method.

SOLVING EQUATIONS
Linear algebra, Rank, Eigen values, Eigen vectors, Linear algebraic equations solving
UNIT-IV
using matrices (up to three variables), Gauss elimination method, Matrix inverse method,
(10 Hrs)
quadratic equation, ordinary differential equation (upto second order), solution of partial
differential equation (two variable).

NUMERICAL METHODS
UNIT-V Gauss Seidel method, Newton Raphson method for solving nonlinear equations,
(10 Hrs) Rungekutta-4 method for solving ordinary differential equations, Trapezoidal method for
solving numerical integration.

Text Books:
MATLAB and Simulink Crash Course for Engineers by Eklas Hossain, Oregon Institute of
1.
Technology Klamath Falls, OR, USA, Springer publication, 2022.
Applied Numerical Methods Using MATLAB, by Won Young Yang Chung, Wenwu Cao, Tae-
2.
Sang Chung, John Morris, A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication, 2005
Reference Books:
MATLAB ® for Engineering Applications by William J. Palm III, Fourth edition, New York,
1.
NY: McGraw-Hill Education, 2018.
MATLAB Programming for Engineers, Stephen J.Chapman, third edition, Thomson Learning
2.
publication, 2005.

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 Code Category L T P C I.M E.M Exam
B20ITOE05 OE 3 -- -- 3 30 70 3 Hrs.

CLOUD COMPUTING
(Offered by IT)
(Offered to CE, ECE, EEE & ME)

Course Objectives: Students are expected to

1. Examine the system models for cloud computing.
2. Understand the concepts of virtualization, hardware and storage
3. Identify cloud platform architecture and programming.
4. Develop cloud applications

Course Outcomes: After completion of the course, the student will be able to
Knowledge
S.No Outcome
Level
Define, understand, and explain the concepts of cloud computing environment
1. K2
and various Virtualization techniques.
2. Explore and understand various services provided by Cloud Computing K2
3. Illustrate various Cloud application development frame K2
4. Understand various cloud maintenance techniques. K2
Develop a cloud-based applications by applying Amazon, Microsoft,
5. K4
Salesforce.com etc., frameworks.

SYLLABUS
Introduction to cloud computing: Cloud computing components, Infrastructure services,
storage applications, database services – introduction to SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, IdaaS, data
UNIT-I storage in cloud.
(10 Hrs) Virtualization: enabling technologies, types of virtualization, server virtualization,
desktop virtualization, memory virtualization, application and storage virtualization-tools
and products available for virtualization.

SAAS and PAAS: Getting started with SaaS, SaaS solutions, SOA, PaaS and benefits.
UNIT-II IaaS and Cloud Data Storage: understanding IaaS, improving performance for load
(10 Hrs) balancing, server types within IaaS, utilizing cloud based NAS devices, cloud based data
storage, and backup services, cloud based block storage and database services.

Cloud Application development: Client server distributed architecture for cloud

UNIT-III designing cloud based solutions, coding cloud based applications, traditional Apps vs
(12 Hrs) cloud Apps, client side programming, server side programming overview fundamental
treatment of web application frameworks.
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 Cloud Governance and economics: Securing the cloud, disaster recovery and business
UNIT-IV
continuity in the cloud, Managing the cloud, migrating to the cloud, governing and
(12 Hrs)
evaluating the clouds business impact and economics.

Inside Cloud: Introduction to MapReduce and Hadoop-over view of big data and its
impact on cloud.
UNIT-V
Google: Google App Engine, Google Web Toolkit
(10Hrs)
Microsoft: Azure Services Platform, Windows live, Exchange Online, Share Point
Services

Textbooks:
Cloud Computing: SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, Virtualization, Business Models, Mobile, Security and
1.
More, Kris Jamsa, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, Paper back edition,2013
Cloud Computing, A Practical Approach, 1st Edition, Anthony T Velte, Toby J Velte, Robert
2.
Elsenpeter, TMH,2017
Reference Books:
1. Hadoop MapReduce cookbook, Srinath Perera and Thilina Gunarathne, Packet publishing.
e-Resources
1. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc21_cs15/preview

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 Code Category L T P C I.M E.M Exam
B20MEOE07 OE 3 -- -- 3 30 70 3 Hrs.

GREEN ENERGY SYSTEMS

(Offered by ME)
(Offered to AIDS, CE, CSBS, CSE, ECE & IT)

Course Objectives:
1. Significance of alternative sources of energy.
Significance of green energy systems and processes and provides the theory and working
2. principles of probable sources of renewable and green energy systems that are environmental
friendly.

Course Outcomes
Knowledge
S.No Outcome
Level
1. Explain the importance of solar energy and solar energy collection K2
2. Apply the principles of solar energy storage systems and wind energy. K3
Apply the principles of biomass, geothermal and ocean energies & their
3. K3
potential future applications.
Describe the principles of energy efficient systems like electrical and
4. K2
mechanical systems.
5. Discuss the concepts of green manufacturing systems. K2

SYLLABUS
INTRODUCTION: Role and potential of new and renewable sources, the solar energy
option, Environmental impact of solar power.
SOLAR RADIATION: the solar constant, extraterrestrial and terrestrial solar radiation,
UNIT-I solar radiation on titled surface, instruments for measuring solar radiation and sun shine,
(10 Hrs) solar radiation data
SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTION: Flat plate and concentrating collectors,
classification of concentrating collectors, Photo voltaic energy conversion – types of PV
cells.

SOLAR ENERGY STORAGE AND APPLICATIONS: sensible, latent heat and

UNIT-II stratified storage, solar ponds, solar applications- solar heating/cooling technique, solar
(10 Hrs) distillation and drying, central power tower concept.
WIND ENERGY: Sources and potentials, horizontal and vertical axis windmills.

UNIT-III BIO-MASS: Principles of bio-conversion, anaerobic/aerobic digestion, types of bio-gas

(10 Hrs) digesters

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 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY: Resources, types of wells, methods of harnessing the
energy.
OCEAN ENERGY: OTEC, Principles of utilization, setting of OTEC plants.

ENERGY EFFICIENT SYSTEMS: ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS: Energy efficient

motors, Controls for HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning).
UNIT-IV
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS: Fuel cells- principle, selection of fuels & working of
(10 Hrs)
various types of fuel cells, Environmental friendly and Energy efficient compressors and
pumps.

GREEN MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS: Environmental impact of the current

UNIT-V manufacturing practices and systems, benefits of green manufacturing systems, selection
(10 Hrs) of recyclable and environment friendly materials in manufacturing, vegetable based
cutting fluids, alternate casting and joining techniques, zero waste manufacturing.

Text Books:
1. Non-Conventional Energy Sources - G. D. Rai, fifth edition, Khanna Publishers, 2015.
2. Non-Conventional Energy Resources - Khan B.H., Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2006
Solar Energy – Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage/Sukhatme S.P.and
3.
J.K.Nayak/TMH
4. Green Manufacturing Processes and Systems - J. Paulo Davim/Springer 2013.
Reference Books:
Alternative Building Materials and Technologies - K.S Jagadeesh, B.V Venkata Rama Reddy
1.
and K.S Nanjunda Rao/New Age International
2. Non-Conventional Energy - Ashok V Desai /New Age International (P) Ltd
3. Renewable Energy Technologies -Ramesh & Kumar /Narosa
Principles of Solar Engineering - D.Yogi Goswami, Frank Krieth & John F Kreider/Taylor &
4.
Francis.
5. Fuel Cell Technology -Hand Book / Gregor Hoogers / BSP Books Pvt. Ltd
e-Resources:
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/103103206
2. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/115103123

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 Code Category L T P C I.M E.M Exam
B20MEOE08 OE 3 -- -- 3 30 70 3 Hrs.

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

(Offered by ME)
(Offered to AIDS, CE, CSBS, CSE, ECE EEE & IT)

Course Objectives:
1. To provide a detailed knowledge and information about total quality management.
To develop the ability to choose and integrate various strategies to implement quality on a
2.
continuous improvement basis.
To provide the required knowledge of techniques to partake in and play a significant role in the
3. implementation of a total quality management system and to evaluate the performance measures
in the organisation, in turn supporting career growth and progression.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, student will be able to:
Knowledge
S.No Outcome
Level
Understand the basic concepts of TQM and its significance in present day
1. K2
business context.
Understand various principles and philosophies of TQM and how they can be
2. K2
applied within quality management systems.
Implement the TQM approach in an organization for continuous quality
3. K2
improvement by choosing appropriate strategies.
Apply different techniques for analyzing the performance of the company across
4. K3
various measures.
Select and use appropriate tools and techniques for implementing quality in an
5. K3
organization.

SYLLABUS
Introduction to TQM: Definition of quality and total quality management (TQM) - basic
UNIT-I
approach, TQM framework; contribution of quality gurus in TQM journey, obstacles in
(10 Hrs)
implementing TQM, benefits of TQM.

Principles and Philosophies: Deming’s philosophy as a framework for TQM; Quality

UNIT-II council – duties, quality statements of an organization; Customer satisfaction – customer
(10 Hrs) perception of quality, translating customer needs into requirements, customer retention;
Unions and employee involvement – benefits.

UNIT-III Continuous Process Improvement: Process – Input/output process model, Approaches

(10 Hrs) to continuous process improvement - Juran’s triology, Shewart’s PDSA cycle, Kaizen.

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 Performance Measures: Introduction and Objectives; Presentation of performance
UNIT-IV measures: Control charts for variables and attributes – construction of and R charts, p
(10 Hrs) chart and c chart; Taguchi’s loss function – nominal the best; Quality cost – failure costs,
prevention and appraisal costs.

Tools and Techniques: Quality function deployment (QFD) – Benefits, House of quality
UNIT-V
(HOQ), building a HOQ, QFD process; Quality and Environmental management systems
(10 Hrs)
– Introduction to ISO 9001 and ISO 14001.

Text Books:
Dale H. Besterfield et al, Total Quality Management, Third edition, Pearson Education (First
1.
Indian Reprints 2004).
Shridhara Bhat K, Total Quality Management – Text and Cases, Himalaya Publishing House,
2.
First Edition 2002.
Reference Books:
1. Total Quality Management by P. N. Mukherjee, Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, 2006.
2. Total Quality Management by Dr. K.C. Arora, S. K. KATARIA & SONS
3. Total Quality Management by Suganthi L and Anand Samuel
4. Total Quality Management - Text and Cases" by Janakiraman B and Gopal R K

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 Code Category L T P C I.M E.M Exam
B20MEOE09 OE 3 -- -- 3 30 70 3 Hrs.

SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

(Offered by ME)
(Offered to AIDS, CE, CSBS, CSE, ECE EEE & IT)

Course Objectives:
To develop an understanding of basic concepts of supply chain management and its drivers to achieve
1.
business excellence.
To develop analytical and critical understanding & skills for planning, designing and operations of
2.
supply chain.
3. To develop sustainability consciousness into supply chain operations.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, student will be able to:
Knowledge
S.No Outcome
Level
Illustrate the impact of supply chain activities and decisions on supply chain
1. K2
performance.
2. Understand the role and applications of different drivers in a supply chain. K2
Analyze various distribution networks that help in supply chain network design
3. K2
decisions.
Understand the fundamentals of managing and coordinating supply and demand and
4. K2
its impact on supply chain performance.
Understand the importance of sustainability in supply chains in today’s business
5. K2
context.

SYLLABUS
UNIT-I Fundamentals of Supply Chain: Supply chain: definition, objective, decision phases, process
(10 Hrs) views, and macro processes; Strategic fit: how to achieve it and the challenges in achieving it.

Supply Chain Drivers and Metrics: Impellers of supply chain developments; Logistical and
UNIT-II
Cross functional drivers of supply chain performance: Roles, Components of their decisions,
(10 Hrs)
and Metrics.

Supply Chain Network: The role of distribution in the supply chain, factors influencing
UNIT-III distribution network design, design options for a distribution network (manufacturer storage
(10 Hrs) with direct shipping and manufacturer storage with direct shipping and in-transit merge), role
of network design in the supply chain, factors influencing network design decisions.

UNIT-IV Coordination in a Supply Chain: Supply chain coordination and Bull-whip effect, impact on

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 (10 Hrs) performance of lack of coordination, obstacles for coordination and levers to help achieve it;
CRP and VMI.

Sustainability and the Supply Chain: Role of sustainability in the supply chain; key metrics
UNIT-V
for sustainability; role of supply chain drivers in improving sustainability; closed loop supply
(10 Hrs)
chains.

Text Books:
Chopra.S. & Meindl P, Supply Chain Management: Strategy, Planning & Operation, Pearson
1.
Education, 3rd Edition, 2006, ISBN: 0131730428.
Simchi- Levi Davi Kaminasky Philip & Simchi- Levi Edith, Designing & Managing the Supply
2.
Chain, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd., 3rd Edition, 2008, ISBN: 9780070666986.
Reference Books:
1. Supply Chain Management: Text and cases Shah. J (2009), Pearson, New Delhi
2. Logistics Management- The Supply Chain Imperative Sople V. Vinod, Pearson Education
3. Business Logistics/Supply Chain Management Ballou Srivastava, Pearson Education

Page 27 of 29
 Code Category L T P C I.M E.M Exam
B20BSOE03 OE 3 -- -- 3 30 70 3 Hrs.

MATHEMATICAL MODELING FOR DATA SCIENCE (MMDS)

(Offered by EM&H)
(Offered to CE, CSBS, CSE, ECE, EEE, IT & ME)

Course Objectives: Students are expected to

1 Learn Joint random variables and Markov process and its properties.
2 Understand various queuing systems and their applications.
3 Have an idea on Generation of random numbers and its applications in various domains.
4 Forecast trend by using by various methods of Time series data.
5 Analyze the data thorough simple and multiple regression techniques.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course students will be able to

Knowledge
S. No OUT COME
Level
Find the Joint and conditional probabilities and apply them to a Stochastic K3
1
process
2 Identify various queuing models and find its solutions. K3
3 Distinguish different simulation models and solve them K3
4 Predict the trend values of a time series data using forecasting methods. K3
5 Compute the data with the help of regression techniques K3

SYLLABUS
Stochastic Process: - Random variables, Joint probability distribution, conditional
probability distribution, marginal probabilities, concept of random process (stochastic
UNIT-I
process), Classification of process, Statistical independence, Markov chain, Stochastic
(10 Hrs.)
matrix-properties (without proof). Transition probabilities: One-step & n-step transition
probabilities.

Queuing Models: - Queuing system, Characteristics, Transient and steady states,

UNIT-II Probability distribution in queuing systems, Poison process, Kendall’s notation.
(10 Hrs.) Classification of queuing models - (M/M/1): (∞/FCFS) and (M/M/1): (N/FCFS).
Introduction to Networks of queues.

Simulation: - Introduction to simulation, phases of simulation systems and system

environment, Components of a system, discrete and continuous systems, Steps in
UNIT-III
simulation study. Generation of random numbers, Mont-Carlo simulation.
(10 Hrs.)
Simulation applications- Applications to inventory control, Queuing model, Finance and
Budgeting.
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 Time series Analysis: - Introduction, utility and components of time series. Estimation and
UNIT-IV
forecasting of trend by using graphic method, method of semi averages, Method of moving
(10 Hrs.)
averages and Method of least squares.

Regression Methods: - Analysis of data thorough simple and multiple regression and
UNIT-V correlation: Model assumptions, Evaluation, Uncertainties in the Least-Squares
(10 Hrs.) Coefficients, Inferences on the Mean Response, estimation and prediction, Prediction
Intervals for Future Observations, data transformation

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Higher engineering mathematics by B V Ramana, MC-Graw Hill Edn.(Unit-I)
2. Operations Research, S.D. Sharma, Kedharnath and Ramnath.-(Unit-II and Unit-III)
Fundamentals of applied Statistics, S.C. Gupta & V.K. Kapoor, Sultan Chand & Son’s.
3
(Unit-IV)
Statistics for Engineers and Scientists, William Navidi, MC-Graw Hill, Third Edition.
4
(Unit-V)
REFERENCE BOOKS:
Probability Theory and stochastic process for engineers, K N Hari Bhat, Anitha Sheela. K,
1.
Jayant Gangula, Pearson publishers.
2 Operations Research by J.K Sharma, MACMILAN publications
Discrete-event system simulation, Jerry bank, J.s. Carson, B L Nelson & David M.Nical,
3.
Prentice-Hall of India, (3rd Edition)
Applied Multivariate Statistical Analysis, Richard. A. Johnson Dean. W. Wkhern. (6th
4.
Edition)

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