DRUG STUDY
GENERIC NAME: MECHANISM OF ACTION: SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE NURSING RESPONSIBILITY:
OMEPRAZOLE REACTION:
Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor. It is a Examination and Evaluation
substituted benzimidazole that belongs to the Headache Monitor improvements in GI
antisecretory class of compounds. It inhibits Abdominal pain symptoms (gastritis, heartburn,
the parietal cell H+ / K+ ATP pump, the final Diarrhea and so forth) to help determine
step of acid production. In turn, omeprazole Nausea if drug therapy is successful.
suppresses gastric basal and stimulates acid Vomiting
secretion. The inhibitory effects of Assess dizziness that might
Gas (flatulence)
omeprazole occur rapidly within 1 hour of affect gait, balance, and other
Dizziness functional activities (See
administration, with the maximum effect
Upper respiratory Appendix C). Report balance
occurring in 2 hours. The inhibitory effects
infection problems and functional
last for approximately 72 hours after
administration, followed by a return to Acid reflux limitations to the physician and
baseline activity in 3 to 5 days. The effects Constipation caution the patient and
will plateau on the fourth day with daily use Rash family/caregivers to guard
of the medication. Cough against falls and trauma.
BRAND NAME: INDICATION: Monitor other CNS side effects
(drowsiness, fatigue, weakness,
OMEZAC • Treatment of active duodenal ulcer in headache), and report severe or
adults. prolonged effects.
• Eradication of Helicobacter pylori to reduce
the risk of duodenal ulcer recurrence in Monitor any chest pain and
adults. attempt to determine if pain is
• Treatment of active benign gastric ulcer in drug induced or caused by
adults. cardiovascular dysfunction
• Treatment of symptomatic gastroesophageal (e.g., angina that occurs during
reflux disease (GERD) in patients 1 year of exercise).
age and older.
• Treatment of erosive esophagitis (EE) due Interventions
to acid-mediated GERD in patients 1 month In cases of NSAID-induced
of age and older. gastritis, implement
• Maintenance of healing of EE due to acid- appropriate manual therapy
mediated GERD in patients 1 year of age and techniques, physical agents,
older. and therapeutic exercises to
• Pathologic hypersecretory conditions in reduce pain and decrease the
adults. need for aspirin and other
CLASSIFICATION: CONTRAINDICATION: NSAIDs.
Proton Pump Inhibitors Omeprazole is contraindicated in patients Patient/Client-Related Instruction
with a history of hypersensitivity to the drug
Advise patient to avoid alcohol
or any excipients from the dosage form.
and foods that may cause an
DOSAGE/FREQUENCY/ROUTE: Hypersensitivity reactions like anaphylactic
increase in GI irritation.
shock, angioedema, interstitial nephritis,
DRUG STUDY
GENERIC NAME: MECHANISM OF ACTION: SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE NURSING RESPONSIBILITY:
Pregabalin REACTION:
Pregabalin is structurally similar to the Assessment & Drug Effects
inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-
aminobutyric acid (GABA). It has been Dizziness Monitor for weight gain,
modified to be a lipophilic analog to enhance Sleepiness peripheral edema, and S&S
diffusion across the blood-brain barrier. Trouble concentrating of heart failure, especially
However, pregabalin does not directly bind to Blurry vision with concurrent
GABA-A or GABA-B receptors. Dry mouth thiazolidinedione (e.g.,
Additionally, it is not metabolized to a Weight gain rosiglitazone) therapy.
GABA receptor agonist. In animal models, Swelling of your Lab tests: Baseline and
pregabalin binds to presynaptic voltage-gated hands or feet periodic kidney function
calcium channels at the alpha-2-delta subunit tests; periodic platelet
in central nervous system tissues. counts; CPK if
rhabdomyolysis is
BRAND NAME: INDICATION: suspected.
Lyrica, Lyrica CR Monitor diabetics for
Pregabalin is indicated for the management increased incidences of
of neuropathic pain associated with diabetic hypoglycemia.
peripheral neuropathy, postherpetic Withhold drug and notify
neuralgia, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain physician if
associated with spinal cord injury, and as rhabdomyolysis is
adjunctive therapy for the treatment of suspected.
partial-onset seizures in patients 1 month of
Supervise ambulation
age and older.
especially when other CNS
CLASSIFICATION: CONTRAINDICATION: drugs are used
Gamma-aminobutyric acid analogs Pregabalin is contraindicated in patients who concurrently.
have a known hypersensitivity to pregabalin. Patient & Family Education
Hypersensitivity reactions have occurred in
DOSAGE/FREQUENCY/ROUTE: patients receiving pregabalin, including Do not drive or engage in
50 mg/Capsule angioedema. potentially hazardous activities
OD HS (8PM) until response to drug is
PNGT known.
Report any of the following to
a health care provider: changes
in vision (i.e., blurred vision);
dizziness and incoordination;
unexplained muscle pain,
weakness, or tenderness;
weight gain and swelling of the
extremities.
Avoid alcohol consumption
while taking this drug.
DRUG STUDY
GENERIC NAME: MECHANISM OF ACTION: SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE NURSING RESPONSIBILITY:
N-Acetylcysteine REACTION:
The mucolytic effect of acetylcysteine Assessment & Drug Effects
(Fluimicil) is linked to the sulfhydryl group Bronchospasm
in the molecule. This group is likely to open Disagreeable odor During IV infusion, carefully
disulphide bonds in the mucosa, reducing Drowsiness monitor for fluid overload and
viscosity. signs of hyponatremia (i.e.,
Fever
changes in mental status).
Acetylcysteine (Fluimucil) Restores hepatic Coughing up blood
Monitor for S&S of aspiration
glutathione levels by producing the Increased volume of
of excess secretions, and for
glutathione precursor L-cysteine. Glutathione bronchial secretions
bronchospasm (unpredictable);
must inactivate an intermediate metabolite Irritation of tracheal or withhold drug and notify
(N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine) of bronchial tract physician immediately if
paracetamol, which is believed to be Nausea occurs.
hepatotoxic. In the case of acetaminophen Runny or stuffy nose Lab tests: Monitor ABGs,
overdose, excessive levels of this metabolite Swelling and sores pulmonary functions and pulse
are formed because the primary metabolic inside the mouth oximetry as indicated.
pathways (glucuronide and sulfate Vomiting Have suction apparatus
conjugation) are saturated. Clamminess immediately available.
BRAND NAME: INDICATION: Wheezing Increased volume of
Fluimucil Shortness of breath respiratory tract fluid may be
Acetylcysteine is indicated for mucolytic liberated; suction or
therapy and in the management of endotracheal aspiration may be
acetaminophen overdose. necessary to establish and
maintain an open airway. Older
adults and debilitated patients
are particularly at risk.
Nausea and vomiting may
occur, particularly when face
mask is used, due to unpleasant
odor of drug and excess
volume of liquefied bronchial
secretions.
CLASSIFICATION: CONTRAINDICATION:
Patient & Family Education
Hypersensitivity and contraindicated in
Mucolytic patients suffering from phenylketonuria due Report difficulty with clearing
to the aspartame content. the airway or any other
DOSAGE/FREQUENCY/ROUTE: respiratory distress.
600 mg/Tablet Report nausea, as an antiemetic
OD may be indicated.
PNGT Note: Unpleasant odor of
inhaled drug becomes less
noticeable with continued use.
DRUG STUDY
GENERIC NAME: MECHANISM OF ACTION: SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE NURSING RESPONSIBILITY:
ACYCLOVIR CREAM TOPICAL REACTION:
Acyclovir is converted to its triphosphate Wear a rubber glove or finger
form, acyclovir triphosphate (ACV-TP), cot when applying drug.
which competitively inhibits viral DNA Nausea, Report difficulty urinating,
polymerase, incorporates into, and terminates Vomiting, rash, increased severity, or
the growing viral DNA chain, and inactivates Diarrhea, frequency of recurrences.
the viral DNA polymerase. General ill feeling, Wear rubber gloves or finger
Headache cots when applying the drug to
prevent autoinoculation of
BRAND NAME: INDICATION:
other sites and transmission to
Zovirax Cream
It is a herpes simplex virus (HSV) others.
deoxynucleoside analogue DNA polymerase
inhibitor indicated for the treatment of
recurrent herpes labialis (cold sores) in
immunocompetent adults and adolescents 12
years of age and older.
CLASSIFICATION: CONTRAINDICATION:
Antivirals, HSV, Antivirals, Other Contraindicated in patients with known
hypersensitivity to acyclovir, valacyclovir, or
any component of the formulation.
DOSAGE/FREQUENCY/ROUTE:
5X/DAY
