FOREWORD

Philippine smart cities are set to move forward in a more innovative and collaborative manner
as the Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and
Emerging Technology Research and Development (DOSTPCIEERD) launches its latest formulation
of a framework for smart sustainable communities and cities.

This framework serves as guide in conceptualizing and prioritizing research aimed at developing
active, vibrant and sustainable cities by leveraging smart city solutions. It highlights the
importance of building data infrastructure and integrating them in management decision support
tools for cities in order to spur innovations and to help solve complex urban problems. Smart
city solutions are also thought to identify opportunities for citizens to pursue prosperity and
fulfillment especially in emerging and rapidly growing regions.

These ready-worthy contents were thought out to support the innovation policies and strategies
of cities aspiring to become smart or even smarter than they may already be now. It can also
be a useful tool among decision makers to check the viability of technology-oriented projects or
interventions being introduced in their communities to meet the growing demands and evolving
challenges faced by their citizens.

Being at the forefront of innovation and transformation, DOST-PCIEERD commits to finding

new and better ways to serve the Filipino community and lend its support to generate more
technologically enhanced products and science-based solutions. It will constantly support R&D
endeavors that will truly shape, mold, and accelerate the future of the Philippine economy and
society, explore new frontiers and make innovation work for the people.

DR. ENRICO C. PARINGIT

PCIEERD Executive Director
 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Table of
Contents
1 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable
Communities and Cities

2 Definition of Terms

3 What is a smarter city approach of DOST?

5 Smart City Indicators

18 ISO Standards and Key Indicators

for Smart City

19 Role of major stakeholders

20 Desired Outcomes for a Smarter City

21 References:
DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities
 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

DOST Framework for Smart

Sustainable Communities and Cities

Source: worldgbc.org

The Department of Science and Technology • Integration of different dimensions of

aims to address challenges of urban and urban sustainability in the framework of
regional life in cities through the use of the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
science, technology and innovation to • Co-production – a way to extend
enhance opportunities and address research activities to bridg gaps between
challenges relating to sustainable urban knowledge, understanding, and action.
development and smarter cities as illustrated
in Figure 1. The DOST Smarter City
Framework aims to enhance research
collaboration and to fund excellent research
with lasting impact.

The specific objective is to fully exploit the

potential of the regions talent pool and
maximize the benefits of an innovationled
economy with the following perspectives:

Figure 1. DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Definition of Terms

Smart City Smart City as

-is an ecosystem comprised of people,
organizations and businesses, policies, laws
an ecosystem
and processes integrated together to create
desired outcomes as illustrated in Figure 1. -that offers a variety of services to the
The city is adaptive, responsive, relevant, people, ensure information exchange
and integrates technology to accelerate, between subsystems, and enables analysis
facilitate, and transform this ecosystem. of information, creation of statistics for
optimizing resource utilization.

Sustainable Smart City

-that offers a variety of services to the people, ensure information exchange between
subsystems, and enables analysis of information, creation of statistics for optimizing
resource utilization.

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

What is a smarter city

approach of DOST?
A smart cities approach aims to achieve • Openness
meaningful outcomes for the communities or When communities make their data
stakeholders by leveraging the fundamental truly accessible, transparent, usable,
benefits that data and connected technology and secured, their decisionmaking
have to offer: processes become transparent,
empowering citizens and strengthening
the relationship between residents and
• Collaboration public organizations. Making our data
Convergence of existing technologies and transparent and accessible would
services developed enables communities allow its utilization for planning,
to bring traditional and non-traditional designing, and transforming services.
partners together to collaborate. Data is the new “oil” which drive smart
cities today. Thus, there is also a need
• Transferability to protect it from cyberattacks.
When tools and technological
approaches are opensource, • Shared Vision / Human Centric
transparent, and standardized, they
can be used by communities across the
country, no matter their size or capacity.

• Integration
Data and connected technology
empower communities to break down
silos that exist within local governments
and public organizations. An inventory of
the current technologies developed by
DOST and available technologies
being used by the Local Government
Unit combined with socioeconomic
analysis can help identify the priority Figure 2. Sample Gap Assessment and Priority Setting Framework
sectors as illustrated in Figure 2. These
priority identification processes aim to
harness co-creation and development of
collective initiatives to spur ecosystems
of smart solutions for sustainable
communities and cities.

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Turning city vision to reality

ISO 37106 helps cities deliver their vision - Operationalizing the vision, strategy,
for a sustainable future and define a smart and policy agenda they have developed
operating model for cities, which enables following the adoption of ISO 37101,
them to operationalize their vision, strategy the management system for sustainable
and policies at a faster pace with greater development of communities;
agility and with lower delivery risk. It serves
as a toolkit of smart practices for managing - Embedding the set of ISO 3712x city
governance, services, data and systems indicators into the governance processes
across the city in an open, collaborative, of the city; and
citizen-centric and digitally-enabled way.
It also provides practical support to help - Understanding how and when to deploy
cities and communities when: ISO3715x standards on smart community
infrastructure. ISO 37106 global
interoperability is illustrated in Figure 3.

Figure 2. Sample Gap Assessment and Priority Setting Framework

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Smart City Indicators

The smarter city indicators towards sustainable development of communities include the
following themes:

Economic
Opportunity
Residents are supported by a thriving local economy. Examples of outcomes in this area
could include increased employment opportunities, reductions in processing times for
business permits, and improvements in skill levels in the local labor force. It could also
include ICT solutions or services to support innovation and technological development of
MSMEs; and promotion of startups related to ICT on health, biomedical devices, among
others.

Core indicators Supporting Indicators

• City’s unemployment rate • Percentage of persons in full time
• Assessed value of commercial and employment
industrial properties as % of total assessed • Youth employment rate
value of all properties • Number of businesses per 100,000
• Percentage of city population living in population
poverty. Use of FIES (Family Income and • Number of new patents per 100,000
Expenditure Survey) populations per year
• Percentage of the city labor force working • Number of available support programs
in the tourism sector (financial/capacity building for farmers
• Percentage of small and mediumsized / MSMEs
enterprises (SMEs) • Number of farmers / MSMEs using or
• Bounce back capacity (economic recovery into online platforms
rate / index)

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Education
A key ingredient in smart city development focusing on basic educati a key ingredient in
smart city development focusing on basic education, advanced training and certification
in universities and community colleges, e-learning infrastructure, lifelong learning, adult
education, and innovation in education technologies, among others. There is also a need
to include development of human resource on ICT, Internet of Things (IoT), big data,
Artificial Intelligence (AI), and cybersecurity to support the framework. on, advanced
training and certification in universities and community colleges, e-learning infrastructure,
lifelong learning, adult education, and innovation in education technologies, among others.
There is also a need to include development of human resource on ICT, Internet of Things
(IoT), big data, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and cybersecurity to support the framework.

Core indicators Supporting Indicators

• Most children have access to a good • Number of higher education degrees per
school 100,000 population
• Lifelong learning opportunities are • Percentage school-aged population
provided by local institutions enrolled in schools
• Primary and secondary education • Percentage of students completing primary
student-teacher ratio education. Use of key indicators by
• Percentage of students with classroom DepEd.Schools / teachers usually adapt a
access to ICT facilities culture of “pass-all”, “no one left behind”
• Percentage of students with reliable access • Percentage of students completing
to internet secondary education
• Number of schools offering higher
education
• Number of schools capable of offering
online education

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Environmental
Quality
Residents are able to enjoy a healthy environment. Examples of outcomes in this area could
include: reduced greenhouse gas emissions; reductions in environmental contaminant levels;
habitat preservation or renewal, and good solid waste management.

Core indicators
• Air pollution is not a problem • Percentage of solid waste - disposed to
• Air quality index (AQI) based on reported sanitary landfills
value for: Particulate matter (PM2.5, • Percentage of solid waste - burnt in an
PM 10) open area
• Air quality index (AQI) based on reported • Percentage of solid waste - incinerated
value for: NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), SO2 • Percentage of solid waste - disposed to an
(sulphur dioxide), O3 (ozone) open dump;
• Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per • Percentage of solid waste - recycled
capita • Percentage of solid waste - total amount of
• A website or App allows effective solid waste produced
monitoring of air pollution
• Percentage of households covered by an
audited Water Safety Plan

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Water and
Wastewater
With 40% of the world’s population living in water-stressed areas or exposed to polluted
water sources, managing the current and planning for future needs of communities is
another pain point for cities. Water availability, management of waterborne diseases and
contaminated water will be considered.

Core indicators
• Water consumption per capita • Freshwater consumption
• Percentage of households with access to a • Percentage of wastewater receiving
basic water supply treatment (Primary, secondary and
• Percentage of households with a safely tertiary)
managed drinking water service • Percentage of households covered by an
• Percentage of water loss in the water audited Water Safety Plan
distribution system • Percentage of households served by
wastewater collection

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Energy
Meeting the energy needs of growing populations in a sustainable manner is a key pain point
for cities. Methods for calculating energy savings, taking into consideration end-use sectors
such as households, industry, services, agriculture and transport are needed. Renewable
source of energy will be a priority to sustain smart cities.

Core indicators Supporting Indicators

• Total residential electrical energy use per • Electricity consumption per capita
capita • Average number of electrical interruptions
• Percentage of city population with per customer per year
authorized electrical service • Average length of electrical interruptions
• Energy consumption of public buildings • Recycling and tracking energy usage via
per year apps, as example
• Percentage of total energy derived from • Reduced downtimes and related costs
renewable sources as a share of the city’s
total energy consumption

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Finance
Private and public sectors identified as to who will be putting investments in these areas for
development, will contribute to local gross domestic product. This phase recognizes the
fact that the Philippine national government has limited budget to accommodate ambitious
projects such as this one, so the commitment coming from the local governments to a fiscal
responsibility is crucial in the achievement of the city’s goals and objectives.

Core indicators Supporting Indicators

• Debt service ratio (debt service • Capital spending as a source of total
expenditure as a percentage of a expenditures
municipality’s own source of revenue) • Own-source revenue as a percentage of
reduced corruption. total revenues
• Tax collected as a percentage of tax billed

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Governance
Ability to leverage on the collection, processing, and use of data to make more effective
and efficient everyday decisions for smarter governance. The establishment of a data hub is
important to ensure an evidence-based planning and decision-making approach for the city
executives, as they are guided by a facility that can monitor the impacts, externalities, and
progress of the city under its projects. Through the data hub, data is basically devolved and
localized to the city governments for use in support & guidance of their local planning and
decisions. Broadening our perspectives, the concept of a smart city really revolves around
making better and more informed decisions through careful assessment and use of data.

Core indicators Supporting Indicators

• Information on local government decisions • Percentage of women employed in the city
are easily accessible. government workforce
• Online public access to city finances has • Citizen’s representation; no. of local
reduced corruption. officials elected to office per 100,000
• Corruption of city officials is not an issue population
of concern. • No. of registered voters as a % of the
• Online voting has increased participation. voting age population
• Residents contribute to decision making of • Voter turnout in the municipal election
local government. (as % of eligible voters)
• An online platform where residents can • Women as a % of total elected to city-level
propose ideas has improved city life. office
• Residents provide feedback on local
government projects.

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Health and
Living Recreation
Residents are able to live an active and healthy life. Examples of outcomes in this area
could include: increased access to recreational programming; availability of remote health
services; reduction in adverse health outcomes, and sanitation, and better or easier access
to patient’s profile.

Core indicators
• Medical services provision is satisfactory • Basic sanitation meets the needs of the
• Arranging medical appointments online has poorest areas
improved access. • Green spaces are satisfactory
• Average life expectancy • A website or App allows to give away
• Online reporting of city maintenance unwanted items to other city residents
problems provides a speedy solution. • Free public Wi-Fi has improved access to
• Number of nursing and midwifery various services
personnel per 100,000 population • Number of hospitals offering/using
• Number of physicians per 100,000 telemedicine or related technologies
inhabitants • Number of epidemiological and/or
• Number of mental health practitioners per surveillance system available (such as
100,000 population for contact tracing)
• Number of hospital admissions per year • Number of systems for tracking the
• Prevalence rate of malnutrition inventory and delivery of critical
medical supplies

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Safety, Security
and Resilience
Residents live in a safe and secure community. Examples of outcomes in this area could
include reduced crime rates; increased safety for women and children, and improved
emergency response times. Ensuring citizens feel safe and secure and having an emergency
management plan to include risk mitigation plan in case of disaster or unexpected events is
another key requirement – and challenge – for all cities and communities.

Core indicators
• Crime statistics • Number of natural disaster related deaths
• Mitigation and recovery plans for per 100 000 inhabitants.
community resilience • Number of police officers per 100 000
• Deaths/ affected from / by disasters inhabitants
• Social protection, assistance, and • Number of firefighters per 100 000
insurance inhabitants
• Public safety in not a problem • Violent crime rate per 100 000
• Percentage of inhabitants living in a zone inhabitants
subject to natural hazards • Traffic fatalities per 100 000 inhabitants
• Average response time for Emergency • Housing, health and social services,
Services economic recovery, infrastructure
• Natural disaster related economic losses as systems, natural and cultural resources,
a percentage of the city’s GDP threats and hazards identification, risk
and disaster resilient assessment, and
long-term vulnerability reduction

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Infrastructure
Sustainable, safe and resilient buildings and civil engineering works are essential for
cities to thrive in the future. Building products and materials, effective design planning,
interconnectivity, energy performance, the protection against climate change and disasters,
test methods for resilience and quality, information management in construction,
ergonomically / green buildings and more shall be considered.

Core indicators
• Predictive maintenance • Wireless retrofits
• Convergent networks • Integrated building management systems in
public buildings

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Transportation
and Mobility
Residents can move freely within their community. Examples of outcomes in this area could
include utilization of environmentfriendly transportation; increased accessibility to public
transportation; reduced first mile/last mile gaps; reduction of congestion; road traffic safety
management system aimed at organizations that interact with the road traffic system to
reduce death and serious injuries related to road traffic crashes which they can influence.

Core indicators
• Length and % of transport / road network • Length and % of road network covered by
covered by websites/over-theair incident detection and incident
services offering traffic and travel management. Report separately by road
information type or area where possible.
• Number and % of urban public transport • Length and % of road network covered by
stops for which dynamic automated speed detection. Report
traveler information is made available to separately by road type or area where
the public. possible.
• Length and % of road network covered by • Number and % of new vehicles including
the following. Report separately: the following intelligent vehicle features:
1) Information gathering infrastructures 1) Safety readiness
2) Traffic information services 2) Automated operation
3) Traffic management plan(s) incl. cross 3) Cooperative systems
border TMP 4) Public (112) systems
4) Traffic management and control 5) Private e-Call systems
measures /equipment • Report separately by vehicle types where
5) Infrastructure or equipment on the possible
network to enable Cooperative-ITS • Car-sharing Apps have reduced congestion
6) Intelligent safety services for disabled • Public transport is satisfactory
and vulnerable road users • Apps that direct you to an available parking
• Report separately by road type or area space have reduced journey time
where possible • Bicycle hiring has reduced congestion
• Number and % of signal-controlled road • Online scheduling and ticket sales make
intersections using adaptive traffic control public transport easier to use
or prioritization. Report separately by road
type or area where possible.

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Urban Planning
Focuses on effective land use planning. The goal is to provide a sustainable layout
for the city that can support its people, as well as the provision of their citizens’ basic
needs, services, and infrastructure. Such a layout will be crucial in identifying the challenges
that the city faces, providing evidence-based solutions that address the identified issues,
and ultimately achieving sustainability and efficiency.

Core indicators
• Strategic city planning documents • Strategic city planning documents
promoting connectivity promoting social inclusion
• Strategic city planning documents • Strategic city planning documents
promoting integration &mixed urban land resilience to climate change
use

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Empowerment
and Inclusion
Residents are supported and given the opportunity to participate in the community through
the provision of business opportunities to promote a sustainable community. Examples
of outcomes in this area could include: reduced homelessness rates; reductions in the
number of institutionalized children and youth; better integration of newcomers, refugees,
youth, seniors, visible minorities, marginalized members in the community; opportunities
to participate in, and to be informed about, the democratic process/decisions affecting the
community, among others.

Core indicators
• Percentage of inhabitants living in slums, • Percentage of the eligible population that
informal settlements or inadequate voted during the last municipal election
housing • Percentage of pre-school age children (0-3)
• Ratio of average hourly earnings of female covered by (public and private) daycare
to male workers centers
• Social class indicator/s

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

ISO Standards and Key

Indicators for Smart City
• ISO 37100. Sustainable cities and • ISO/IEC 27551. Information technology –
communities – Vocabulary Security techniques – Requirements for
• ISO 37120. Sustainable development in attribute-based un-linkable entity
communities – Indicators for city services authentication
and quality of life • ISO/TS 37151. Smart community
• ISO 26000. Guidance on social infrastructures – Principles and
responsibility requirements for performance metrics
• ISO 17742. Energy efficiency and savings • ISO/TR 37152. Smart community
calculation for countries, regions and cities infrastructures – Common framework for
• ISO 39001. Road traffic safety (RTS) development and operation
management systems • ISO 22313. Societal security – Business
• ISO 39002. Good practices for continuity management systems –
implementing commuting safety Guidance, designed to support an
management organization’s viability and productivity in
• ISO 24510. Activities relating to drinking times of crisis. We also have many
water and wastewater services – standards in development for community
Guidelines for the assessment and for the resilience, such as:
improvement of the service to users • ISO 22327. Security and resilience –
• ISO 24511. Wastewater utilities Emergency management – Guidelines
• ISO 24512. Drinking water utilities for implementation of a community-
• ISO 20325. Guidelines for stormwater based landslide early warning system
management in urban areas • ISO 22395. Security and resilience –
• ISO 24516 Series. Guidelines for the Community resilience – Guidelines for
management of assets of water supply and supporting community response to
wastewater systems vulnerable people
• ISO 24518. Crisis management of water • IWA 18. Framework for integrated
utilities community-based life-long health and care
• ISO/IEC 30182. Smart city concept model services in aged societies
– Guidance for establishing a model for • ISO/IEC Guide 71. Guide for addressing
data interoperability accessibility in standards
• ISO/IEC 21972. Information technology – • ISO 45001. Occupational health and safety
An upper level ontology for smart city management systems
indicators
• ISO/IEC 27550. Information technology –
Security techniques – Privacy engineering

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Role of major stakeholders

Local Government Units Academe
LGU participation will be invaluable in Researchers and academic institutions
furthering use cases in smart sustainable actively participate in the implementation of
communities and cities. LGUs will help R&D projects and transfer of know-hows
disseminate and laymanize its principles through collaborative activities and capacity
through a government adopter, with whom building.
collaborations with DOST, academe, and
researchers may be less complicated to
obtain. Department of Science
and Technology
Industries To expedite the development of smart
Large companies need to be open to tapping sustainable cities and communities in the
the potential that academe and Philippines, special funding from the
researchers have, even outside their own department is needed for researches that
company. In order to take advantage of the has no industry applications yet but has
opportunities academe and researchers can the potential of being a gamechanger in the
provide in terms of talent and innovation, future. For technologies ready for industry
companies need to dialogue with them, application, the department can help bridge
allow some level of access and exposure to the gap/s between technology providers and
their operations, and where feasible, share users. Some roles that DOST must fulfill are
facilities. as follows:

• Fund research efforts for various

SMEs applications
• Initiate partnerships to expedite
The agility and flexibility of SMEs allow for development with the LGUs and
emerging innovations to be more easily targeted industries
integrated into their operations. • Pilot implement and promote data
sharing and utilization

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

Desired Outcomes for

a Smarter City
Government Economic
Efficiency Development
Governance effectiveness Business, employment
and ease of doing business and productivity

Sustainability Public Safety

Environmental, energy, water Welfare and protection from
and air quality management crime, hazards and disasters

Health and
Wellness Quality of Life
Mental, physical and Welfare and protection from
social care and wellbeing crime, hazards and disasters

Mobility
Mental, physical and
social care and well-being

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 DOST Framework for Smart Sustainable Communities and Cities

References: Acknowledgements:
ISO and Smart Cities. 2017. Geneva, DOST Regional Offices
Switzerland. ISBN 978-92-67-10776-9. URL: DOST Office of the Undersecretary for
http://www.iso.org Regional Operations
DOST-PCIEERD Emerging Technology
Smart City Index. 2019. The IMD World Development Division
Competitiveness Center DOST-PCIEERD Information Group

Smiciklas, J. 2019. U4SSC Key Performance

Indicators for Smart Sustainable Cities.
Minsk. United for Smart Sustainable Cities
Initiative (U4SSC). URL: https://www.itu.
int/en/ITU-D/Regional-Presence/CIS/
Documents/Events/2019/02_Minsk/
Presentations/Training-S1-and-S2-Pres2-
SmiciklasJohn-U4SSC_KPIs-John-
Smiciklas.pdf

Contact us:

DOST

ENGR. SANCHO A. MABBORANG DR. ENRICO C. PARINGIT

DOST Undersecretary for Regional Operations Executive Director
1/F ADMATEL Building, DOST Compound, Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and
Gen. Santos Avenue, Bicutan, Taguig City Emerging Technology
Telephone Nos.: (02) 8837 2941; (02) 8837 Research and Development
2071 to 82 local 2025 4th and 5th Floors, Science Heritage
Email: [email protected]; Building, DOST Science
[email protected] Complex, Bicutan, Taguig City
website: www.dost.gov.ph Tel: (02) 837-2071 to 82 local 2106
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.pcieerd.dost.gov.ph

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