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Ss Z 2008-03

Sdelay sam 2008-03

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76 views148 pages

Ss Z 2008-03

Sdelay sam 2008-03

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Njvagh
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[lta nonyserus TenmtonocuTe- Jia ¢ TeMnepatypoli samepaaHns MuityC 30 °C Kk apy Yacram anTudpusa Halo ROGABUTS OAKY YaCTe BOUL, ik MUAY 20°C — nao emewats axtnibpus nono- aM € BOOM. 18 Montax oronsenna Tlepem MoHTaKOM OTOrMIeHHs HYAHO: 1. Boranuts oxHa, MlOXOKOHHMKH 1 BxoMHbIe sBepH. 2. Ou:TyKaTypHTE MecTo Mom BCeMit OK- HaMHt JUs KDeIVICHMA paluaTopoB 3. TlozroroBHTs KoremtsHyio — wTyKa- Typka, KavecTReHHas KJlaika CTeH 113 KMP- niua, oGquMOBKa KepaMMecKOl TLIMT Xoli iui oTmenKa mpyrMMit MaTepsamaMi, Ges yerpoiterna sHCTEX TonOB (OHH BBI- Hosisai0Tes 1O3Ke). Moutax KomleKTopHoi cuctemst cneayeT HAYHHaTb ¢ YCTAHOBKH KOMEK- Topa (pie. 71), KOTOPEIM KPETAT B Ka by wa xponurreitiax. Konaexrop 101 2KeH HAXOMHTBCH B TAKOM MecTe, TOODI pACCTOAHKE OF Hero sO KaxmOrO pamtta- Topa Ob.10 MPHOANSHTENbHO omMHAKO- BEIM, TAK, 4TOGDI paccTosHHe He Mpenbi~ ano 13's. Kosexrop aomken Oxits JerKO JOCTYNeH mn oGenyRUBANMA it xottpona. K omxomy KomteKTopy peKo- MenulyeTca nomKniovenue He Oone 10 panuatopos. B coorserersnu ¢ oc- HOBEBIMH TPeGORAKHAMH MO yeTpoiicTBy clCTeM OTOTIEHMA MOAAIOUIMit KONTEK- Top CuleuyeT MOHTHpOBATs BREPXY, a O6- patubiil pavay. Morrax 1pyG HyxH0 Ha- wars oF Monawoutero KommexTopa. Ec- J TPYObI OTOTEHMS HAXOLATCS B CTIDK- Ke Oa, HeOOXOAUMO Ha KAXKIIOM pallita Pu. 71. Konnexrop! oxporrise moa ‘crmpRKa rrapormonauus (riomnoriuteHonas | roma) | {eno: rsoysowaonane | rnira nepexparrat nromuaepuas tpySa n sauusTHon xpyse | arionttentte meaury tpy6aaiit (necox, yrerunrrenb) Crannnon xpior ana dprxcausn, ‘xpy6u ktepexpertito, noxpnrmne rtona napouzonnuia (romenueHosan nureuKa) Tero" H anyKOHSONAUIE ‘rero- H anyKOHSORAIOR | onpMepsiaa Tpy6a poamHTHOR | pyoe | gaftonnenne Mexay mpyGaMH | Guecox yrenmirreat) ‘wnrra repeprmit Puc. 72. Mpureepes yknankn Tpy6 panitaropHoro OTONNeHNR NO NnwTe NepeKpeITHA: & ~ Ha OSorpeEae- maint noneUeHieN; 0 ~ Hag xonogynt noweWieNMen Puc, 73. Sapmanre yenaati THYS HaA oTansHBBeMN coMeMLeHWON: a ~ NpoxmanKa Ha USONAUIMA B rod piaponainot TpyOe (AMA MeHbUIeHH TeNreparypss NosepxKOCTH]; 6 — NpoKnasKa Ha NEDEKDMTHM; @ ~ Apoxnanxa e feoinod usonaunonron TpyOe, 1 ~ GeToHHOS NapeKpeITHe; 2 — Teno- W LIyMoUsOnAIe: Fe nnenka; 4~ wanueHon Mon (wits. 45 my, 6 ~ HarlonsKoe noxparTue: 6 ~ saulurHan rodpuponannan Toyba; 7 — sacunea; &~ apornan sauuTHaR Tpy6a ‘Tope yeranosuth Bosayxoorsonuik. Ina Kone tpy6ui, Koropstit He romk0~ MpeNOTBpauleHHx 3aBOSIYLIMBAHMA Ha YeH K CHCTEME, BO HIGEKANME SAO KBAHUA CAMOM KONTEKTOPE, Ha HEM TOXE HEOH- TPYOD CPAIKIO AONKEH OuIT 3aKpHIT. Tlo- XOJUMO YCTANOBMTS BOSEYXOOTBORSHK, —alOULHT +H OOparHbIit TpyGonpoBONE, a 19 Puc. 74. Deyxrpy6an ropuaonTansian cucrewa oronnenns. BapuaxT npunenseToR, nl Her Bo: Moxwoows Noaeonen He CTenbI hagleMHan 2aujHTa OT EHEUIMIK MexAHINECKHX NoBPEXAHMAT, YOSHI Puc, 75. Aeyxrpy6uan nostaxian KonsexTopNaa CuCTeMa oTORneHHA. CocToMT is KpenexKOrO HanONbHO- Fo yromea w eeprvxansrex sauuTee TpyGOK Puc. 78. LayerpySvan noataxnan KonnexTopHa® clicTeMa oTonneMKs. Bapuakr NpMEKAETCR 1718 BOXO- 80°6 nplicoaaumeNuA K TepMOpEryAUDVOWeNY BeHTUTIO H COPaTHOMY savlopHoNy BeNTIN pantiaropa B Kounakiviow nenonvexiu: ureaba auinonHReTeA cOracHO NpwaeneHHoMy PCy, NpAMOE MACoEAMHE- tine 5e2 RonOnMuTenkHux CosAMHiTTenkHEN® evan; O6nerwaeTCR wc7KA "ona NA pagiaTopOM ue. 77. flayxrpy6vas nosTaxvan KonnekTopHaR cvcTeNa oTonneHns. BA npUCoeAKNENAR NORXORIT AN paauaropon ca BeTpaeiuuin TepuoperyrmTopoM @ KOMIEKTE © HIDKHIIM CABOeHHN GanOpHEIM lirpa6a buinonkaereR cornacso npiveeneHHoMy pNeyHxy, NORBOAKa acyuIeCTE/IRETCR vsrUGOM Tp ano nom Moe npucoennkerive Gea Lononuiurenbitux coeanrurTensHex jeTaner; OGnersaerce wcrKa nina non pa Awaropom Take MONBOAKH K panMaTOpaM OIKEBI Gbith MoMeveHS! MPH MoMOUIH GupOK, HaKseex Hu aeHT. STO He TOIBORAT Me penyrats monarounait a oGparietii Tpy- Gonposoan # sHasHTenbHo oGrersHT MOHT@K HM MpoBepKy cucreMbl. TpyOb! Ke~ naTenbHo pasMectitTs & SauiMTHOMt Tpy6e, TOMA HX MOKHO Oyster MeHAITb, He BCKPE'~ Basi NOOB, H_YKNALBIBATb TAK, YTOGS He 6pi10 nepernGos. OHM Kperiites pH T0- Mouist (buKcaTopos 4epes Kaxnbre 2M. ‘TpyOer cnenyer yislanbiBarh B rosy B C1Oe aayxomsonaunnt (pc. 72-73), YaoKer- HbIe TAKHM OGPasoM TpyGbI GyyT MpemoX- palieHtb! OT NOBPEXACHH, 3aLLNUEHET 10- TOMHHTEMBHBIM CAOEM TeNAAOHSONRIH H He TOMUMYT ypoReH rrosta. Mowtax mpoinuxosoit cucremst ocy- ECTARSETCH TONBKO ¢ HCHONLIOBAHHEM HepasbeMHbIX CaMOODKUMHBIX. COcAHHE- unit, Tak Kak TORBKO TakHe CoeaMHeHHs MOXHO SAMONOMMUMBATE B CTAAKKY Tox. Tloene Toro, Kak cicTema 6yner cMOHTH- posaita M mommeprHyra rampaanuecKoMy HenBITAHMo, Hepen SANHBKOH CTHKKH Pe~ komeHayetor Bee (TUHTH ¢ COeMMHEHH- sans saumuTHte of pactBopa. Lia 3T0ro Ux HeOGXOUMMO OOMOTATh TLIEHKOI, cbomb- roi #7. 1. 9to 3aiuvmlaer pHTHHTH OF TO BepxHoeTHoro MoBpexsteHit. Tloakmoyeniia « paaTopam npHMe- HIOTER TAKE KE, KAK MB KOMIEKTOP- Hol cucteme. OHM MOryr BEINOABATECS pit MOMOULH MMiacTHKOBKIX HaripaBstst0- MX OTBOOB, XPOMHpOBAHHBIX Kose H ‘{POAHHKOB HAW Tip MOMOULH AaTyHHEX KONeL, MOHTHpYEMLIX B CTeHe, KOTOpEIE HCTONBSyIOTH MPH MOAKMONEHAM APH Gopos B cHcTemax ropayero BoLocHA6- xenus. TpoiinukoBas pasBonKa sHauu- ‘TeitbHO CHIDKACT CTOHMOCTS cHCTeMEs: eT KOsIeKTOPOB, KOJUIeKTOPHEIX WKa- os, Merhuee KonM4ecTBO Tpy6. Ho B cmy4ae Mpobos TpyObi, HeT BOIMOXHOCTH ee 2aMeHbI Gea daeTHuHOr paspyuleHus. crspkkit ota, TIpH BOSHUKHOBeHHH Ta~ Koi cuTyaUMM Ha Mecto MoBpexneHmA cranat uriar. OGnasKa panuaTopos noxasaka Ha puc. 74~77, Tenawie nombt Ha cerosHauinnit neHe ManGonce pacnpoctpanesHRIMit THMaMH TenAaKx TOAOD sBISIOTCH BORAHELE H 3NeKIPHIEC kate, M1 Te #4 apyrire stMeior cBOH TEHMY- imectaa u HenocTaTKH. ¥ 9”eKTPHYECKOTO Tlona OCHOBHBIM mpenMyLeCTBOM sBAKt- eres TO, #70 OH ML Tpit KAKHX OGCTOs~ TenbcTRaX HE MOKET TIpoTeb. 3a10 KAK Y ReAKOTO sileKTPON|pHOOpa TeopeTHYecKHE cYMeCTBYET BOIMOKHOCTD KOPOTKOTO 3a- MBIKAHHAL Y 97K TPHHECKOTO KAGENA Tert- storo Nona. CHCTEMBI BOAAHBIX TerABIX HOTOB MoAHOCTHIO 2iteKTPOGesomTacHBt, HO TeopeTKHeckit TpyGa TaKorO teNZIOFO Mona MOXeT ObITH MEXAHHNECKH MOBPEK- seta u mpotey. Hamoabioe oronsenne oGecneynBaet HanGonee KOMCpopTHLIe YoOBHA — Ten AOBBIE OTOH PanHoMepHo pacnpentene- HbI MO Bceit MOUTH NoMeMeHA (pH. 78), Temnepatypa pasHomepHo MOHIKA~ eTCH No BBICOTe MOMeMLeHH, TO COOTBE- ‘TCTBYET YCNOBHIM KOMOPTHOCTH, MPH- narbim to CHitiT. Mitean babi Ju 110- eli pacrpemeenmem TeMnepatypsl B TO- MeUIeHHM sinmHeTeR PeOXVM, MPH KOTO- pom Horan YesIOBeKa YyTb Goer TeILIee, eM rosione (Temmepatypa Movta HaXOmHT- oa Mexaty 22 1 25°C, a Temmepatypa 803 24 [=B PPachux uacanseco#t resemeparypsr sosAyxa 2 gam “PAK Teneparypur Bossy jaa cutcreMe 1 | mm “PAchx TeMtepatyp sH1H pagsraTopuEIx | ° L_| cuctem oronaeiis 16 1820" 22 24 | Puc. 78. Jsyxrpy6vas nosraxan KonnexTopian cucTaMa GTanneNnR. COCTOUT wa KpenexHOra HaAnonKO: Fo yronka w sepruxanbotsix sauyrTi *pyG0K AYXa Ha YPOBHe TaTOBH NeTOBeKA — MeK- ay 19 u 20°C), TIpw nanomsitom oron, Hun nouTH 70 % TeruIa nepenaeTes 8 HAE TEIVIOBOTO H3IYYEHW, KOTOPOE HE CTLOCO- Gorsyer noaHariio nbutH B Bosayx. Tpit Temmleparype Bosiyxa B Hlomeuternt +20 °C cpeuiaa temmeparypa Ha riopepxwocrit TOMA B OTONUTEABHOM ce30He COCTABIAeT 23-24 °C, u3 Hero BHAHO, TO pasHHUa Temmepatyp cocranimer 3-4 °C. A mpi pa AIMATOPHOM OTOILTeHMH, pH Texemeparype panwaropa 50-60 °C, pasimua Temnepa- ‘twp cocrannser 30-40 °C. mento Gons- las pasiuta Temmeparyp sBnseTer MpH- ‘SaHoit CHITBHOTt KOHBEKUMH BOSTYXA, KO- Topaa crlocoBerByet OTpLIBY OT TloBepx- WoctH Mora H NOAHATHIO THUMM BBEpX. TIpi HanonbHoM ororienHi ectecTBcH- Hoe Mepemelllezite BO3IYXa OrpaHHYeHo, B CRASH C HEM HECpHATBTPANs HApyXHOTO BOSAYXA B TOMeMIeHMe GymeT sHANMTEATE- Ho MeHBILE. Pc. 78. Cxewa nogasn rennosociTena x sogooGorpenaessant oman! (aapuasr) 7 rpaiouyni xorryp; 2 Boanyxoorsonst Tare 9 weKnanro PXYRLMOHM Ha io Or Kora 95° 22 Che isute 5 TpeGenka pacrpeenenine, 3 — wepoport pan; 4 ~ uxacp pacnpenennrenn; S — ‘oc: 7 ~ snekrpisieceait repmoperynarop racoca: 8 ~ TepHoc- ‘Teeneparypnuit arse; 10 ~ KarwanapHan TpyOKs; 71 ~ TEpMOCTATHYECKH BOMTHNG: Puc, 80. Gren packnasxn Tpy6 cHaTeMsl OTONNENMR eTennsih Non: @ — chapanwas; 6 — nernaM 6 — cqsoennian CrocoSHocrs tpy6 rHyTHeA oGecre- uuBaeT AerKOCTS, H mpocTory MouTaKa rperomero KoTypa. HusKnit xoadiu- UNeHT WepoXoRATOCTHL, OTCYTETBHE KOD- OSHH H SapacTaHHs CeveHTIs TOSBOMAIOT u3GeXarb GOMDUNHX ore» HamTOpa (4TO ocOGeHHO BaXKHO pK Gompiioit mpoTA- 2KeHHOCTH Tpelomero KOHITYpa). STH Ka- uecTRa mesaloT MpAMeHeHHe MeTasUIONO- AUMeDHBIX TPYG MIA CHETEM HanlosbHOTO orontenus HesameHHMBIM. CucTema oTonmenua ona Moxer ycTalanmuBare- cn b KavecTse ocHOBHOH un B coueTa- iM C 2PYFHMM CHCTeMaMH OTOrLIeHUS. ‘Tak KaK CHCTeMa TeILIBIX T1010B (PHC, 79) HaXORHTER HIDKE MHTAIOUIAX ee KON JEKTOPOB, €¢ HYAHO SaNONHAT aHTHD- PHSOM SIH NOOABHTS B BOY OCOOBIE MpucankH, HaNpHMep sTHAeHTANKONS, KOTOpDIM He CTpalllHit Moposbi. Ecat cHCTeMY SanouHs10T MpOCTo!l BOOM, aa ee anapufinoro ciupa npeayemarpHBaioT AononHHTesibHoe yerpolicrBo, HanpHMe HeGombuloli KomMpeccop wid Ga/10H AIA MPOAYBKM TPYG CKATbIM BOSLYXOM. Aina Monraxa cucTem HarloasHOro oromenita MoxHO BuGpare cmenyioue cxeMbt packilaikit (pic. 80): CriMpambHivio — HanGomee pacmpoctpa- HeHa B AWIMULMOM CTPOMTEABCTBE (yTTbI moBopoTa TpyGbl B CHCTEMe COCTABISIOT 90°, sro o6nervaer MOHTA); packmanky «netasMi» — npunensercs: B Tex cayuasx, Korga war MexULy psuaMid coctapnaer Mexpie 5 D; cOeHHYIo — HaKGoulee mpKMeHUMa pH orontaetim Gonpinix rerouraaelt. is-3a MMMTHpOBAHHOTO MILHMANE- Horo panuyca uarnGa Tpy6 meppMit Me- Ton YkAQUKH pekoMenmyeres mi ulara rpy6 225 4 300 mx. Bust KOHTYpOB 1 aT packsankH MOYO KOMGHHMPOBATE = BONUS OKOH War MOKHO cile7aTh T1O- Mexbue, H_MOGOREIHe — Noa MeGexbI0. Kora tpe6yerca Gore miorelit war yanks Tpy6, MoBoporst Ha 180° HONK HI HMeTb TpyUEBHALKY!O opMy Bo u3~ Gexanine crmounsanna tpy6, Ororn- TeNbHBIe TpyOs OOO3HAYeHE! UBeTHOIL nroxocolt. Tlonoca cayxuT ykazaTenem, ‘To Tpy6a He Gpia mrepeKpyserta BO Bpe~ mst yknaiku, PekoMeHayercn oTpesars xpy6y of Gyxré1 ToxbKO Mocxe ykraNKH neta, H rlonBONa ee K OGpaTHoMy KON HeRTODY. Ilo YeMOBHIO SKOHOMM4HOCTH B KOHTY~ pe nonyckaetca mnoteps annenus 20 0,2 anv. Tostomy o6uryio zuinHy Tpy6B1 KosiTypa He Hes1aloT Goriee 100 M, a ORHHM KOHTypOM OGorpenaioT_ He Gomee 15-20 w? naomaai stoma. Dna oronerna GonmulMx ToMeMeHitH Menomb3yIor Hee~ KOMIBKO KOHTYOB. B Mectax, me Her noctosHHoro npe- OwiBaHH monet HAN uMcETCs HEOGXO- AMMOCTS GONE —BLICOKOM MOULHOCTH (lox oKHaMi), oTONMTeRBHBIe TpyGEI Mpoxutatbtbaior Goce YacTo, a B MecTaX, SaKPBITHIX MeGeTbIO, TPYGH Hui oTonNe- Hugi oMemenHs He Knanyr. HIpH pacue- Te mara packnankH Tpy6 HeoGxosvMo YUHTHIBATL TeMMepATYPY B KaKOM M0 Memenwit, YMeHbIad War packnankw B 30HaX HOHMXeHHOM Temnepatyps. [pu GouIBLIOM KoMHYecTRE TPyG, ynoxerHLX Gu3KO pyr K Apyry, HanIpuMep B KOpH- wopax ITH Bo3Ne KOmUTeKTOpa, citenyeT UBOANPOBATS HEKOTOPHIE U3 HHX, 2KeM1a~ TesIbHO MlOAAIOUIHE, {VIA TOF YTOOM He OMyeTHTs MecTHBIH Neperpes TMoRepx- xoctn, YroOki roviaa cTonia He olyuiana nepenana Temnepatyp, war pasmemenist 23 oronnenns paqu2Topos perymupyroutas| Pacummpierests Puc. 81.1 pmmunnmanssan cxeMa oronnenus ‘TpyG rpelourero KOHTYpA ONKEH ObIT He Gone 0,35 m. Mpw ompenenenit Ko~ JMMECTBA TEMA HEOOXOMHNO YuHTIBATH Tor daxtop, 470 HanGonee KomboprHaa TeMrlepatypa Ha NOBEPXHOCTH Mona cuts raete or +26 n0 +31 °C. Temmeparypa noma B sowax, rpanwyamnx ¢ OKHaMM WAH ABepbIO, Moxer mOCTHTATs +35 °C, B BaHHbIX KOMHaTax H Gaccefintax +33 °C. Apyras dakropom, anumiouum Ha pacuet HeoGxonHMoro KoNMYecTBA Ter Ja, uasleTea MOKpHITHE Hosta, [ostomy TPH pacteTe HeOGxoMNMO yuuTBIBATH, NTO TAKHe MOKPEITHH KAK MapKer, KOBPO- BOe MOKPBITHE, MMINTKA H Ap. HMeIOT pas- AUTHOe TepmHueckoe conpoTuaieHse Tepmaueckoe conporinisiettie moKpHITHs He JONKHO npessiurarb 0,15 KBT/M2, B TIPOTHBHOM cay#ae MOKpsITHE GyseT Ur PaTb pos Tennons0AMpyiOMero nos. Hanpsimep, Noa 3 KoBpoanta BMecTo nauTowHoro MorpeGyer mopsicHts TeM- nepatypy Tenmonocnten wa 4—5 °C, a 24 SHaUMT, YBEAHYHT 9Heprosarparsl MHHH- Mym Ha 15-25 %. Kaxapie mune 10 MM Tome: cTmkKH yoenHHBAOT aHeprosarparbt Ha 5—8 %. HeoGxommmo yaHTbIBaTD, YTO MaKcHMaABHaR TeMnepa- ‘Typa TemionocHTers Ha BXoMte B cHeTeMy He Tonka npessuiaTs +55 °C (Ha pac KaneHHYW cKOBOpOAY MBI Emre yerte- em). Ontumanbiioe nazenne Temmepaty- PBI TenMOHOCHTERS MOcKe MpOXOKIeHHs Tpewwero KonTypa coctapnser 10 °C. Pexomeniiyembie temnepatyps! Ten- AOMOCHTENA Ha BXOE HM BBIXOIE CHCTEMBI tu/ty — 55/45 °C, 50/40 °C, 45/35 °C, 40/30 °C. Tne ee oGecrrenernst mpHxo- ANTE CMEMIHBATB ops4ylO BOY, TOABO- AUMY!O OT KOTIa, ¢ BLIXOAAUMe!t 3 KOH* typa, yxe caerka ocriiputeii. Mostomy oTOMIeHHe ClcTeMolt TerAbIX HOsIOB sys We KOMONHWDOBATb ¢ APYTHMK, HanpH- Mep — pamuaTopHon (psc. 81). Peryau- poBka Temmepatypst Tenoro Toma H pe- XUMOB ero paGoTHC ocyutecTanaeTCs OGstHO 1160 aBTOMaTHKOH OTOMMTEAS Horo KoTTa, AHGO C MOMOUILIO KOMHaT- MAX TepMOCTaTOB, PeryATOPOB HT, BuiGop aprowaTHKH 3aBHcHT OT AaHHOrO KoHKperHoro cya H oGycmOBTEH cO- OGpaxeHnaMn ynoGcraa HM MpocroTEt Honbsonatins Montaxk HanonbHoro orontenns OGbi4HO eHeTeMDt TENAIBIX M0108 pas MeulaioT 8 OeTOHHEIX, HANHBHEIX TOTAX. Ontako Onn Take MOryT OBIT» pasMentie HUI it B RepepatsHix nostax, CnocoGoB YK- uIKM TerMloro Mona cywiectByer ONE MulOro, HO BCE OHH cHoMATeA K OnHOMY CHaMaa YKTANBIBAIOT TENTONSOMIALIAIO OTPwKAIOULEM 9KPAHOM, 3aTeM MeTIH ‘Tpy6 TeruIoro Mona, CBEpXy — CTHDKKY IIH Hactun (pic. 82). Tlonepxrtocts ocosania noma n0mK- Ha Obitb HACTOM H poBHoi, AonycKaLTCA Hepostocrit m abictyrbt He Gomee 10 Mv. Kpusas 4 Hepoptiasi nloBepxHocrs 10K- Ha OBIT BHIPOBHEHA TIP MOMOMIs TOH- KOTO COs HeMeHTHO-TecuaHOrO pacTBO- pa. Ecaw Hepopiocri nestasnTenpitste (ie Gosiee 0,5 eM), TO UX MOXHO BLIPOB- HATS CyXHM MecKOM, 370 MpeorBparHT HonoMky cnos Tentonsonsunn. Tepes 2 3 10 Puc. 82. Cxenta yorpoiicraa eogooBorpesaemoro nana: 1 ~ ewapousonsunm:. 2 ~ rennousonvpyouen poknanka; 3 ~ uacrupyouian nnewka: 4 ~ Tennousonnpyoue naw, 5 ~ Tpy6et rperoulero KOHTYpA: 6 ~ crnxea Getonnan, 7 mactuka; 8 - sucraii non; 9 nnattyc; 10 ~ Tennoorpaxaioutan gonera yeoaLKOit CROA TeMMIOMSONAUME cAeAyeT yOenHTbCs, He PeKOMeHAyeTcH IM AAs aHHOrO Mpoekta oma Yknanka 5 KOHCTpyKUMIO Toma Tlapowsomannn (xanpumep, GerouHan nosroroBKa nora caenata no rpynty). Ecam taxonaa 8 MpOckTe MPEAYEMOTPEHA, TO Ha OUHILEH= HOE OT MYCOpa OcKOBAHMe YKNAsbIBAIOT napowsomsiutio. Matepuanon mis tapo- wSOnAUMH CAyXaT MonHOTHACHOBAA mena wm nepramuit. Eon 6 kaectBe TAPOWONALKK MpHNEHAeTER GHTYMHAA Mactuka, To Tepe yknankolt TeMIOH30~ AAUMM M3 MeHOMOMUCTHPOMOBLIX NANT Oa LOMKHa MOAHOCTHIO BDICOXHYTE. Uro6sr pacumpmowttte mpu Harpe- Be Mon He AaBiWn Ha CTeHbI, MexmLy CTeHa- Mit Hl NOWOM MIpenycMaTpuBaloT 3a30p (puc. 83). Hepen nayaitom MoHTaxa oHc~ TeMbi OTOMMIEHMA BON CreH YkAMbBA- loT NOMOCKY HBOTSILHM TONMHHOH He Me~ Hee 5 mac 10 epumerpy KortTypa, Bbico- Ta WIOTALHH TOMKHA GbITh He MeHBUIE ‘ToL! cst08 GeTONA, B KOTODOM OyseT HaxonuTbcs HarpeBaTesbHbtil KOHTYD. Tlepea yxtaukoli cTAXKKH Noma KOMIEH- calHOMAyIO eHTY HYAHO MPHKPEMAT K TOAY WI CTeHE TAK, ITOOLI O11a He HME Jia BOIMOKHOCTH «BCILTBITEY B MPOLLECCe SaNHBKK GeTOHHOK cTwKKH. Taxoe peruibirue Byzer npHYn Kor npepsrBarns TemmeparypHoro uika, TO MpuBeneT K XECTKOMY COKMMHEHMIO TLIHTEL MlepeK- pbitis co creHoit. B pesyabtare 3Toro, KPOMe HeHsGEXHOrO OGpasoBans Tpe- LIKH 8 CTIDKKE, GyayT HaGtONaTbCA ene 25 (OF HapYAHON CTenBr He Mexee SOOMM or ayrpentieft crenc ne mentee 300MM acti mona Crmxxa cKo6a Harpenarenueste ‘pyost [ tixpowsonsuns {| rerronsonaunn | nepexpsrrue Puc, 88. Boxosas rennowsonauus nonoe M MOTEPH Terima CKBO3b CTeHBI, a TAKKE TepeHoc 3ByKOBBIX BOMH ¢ MAUTEI NepeK- PHITHS Ha apyrHe KOHCTpyKUMH 3naHHA, CrmkKy Moa HeOGXONKMO BbINOAHHTS TaKHM OGPAsOM, YTOGb OHA HuTAe HE conpuKacaitach © KOHCTPYKUMAMHE 3na- Hs. Co Bcex CTOpoH OHA nOmKHA Guth oTropoxena SnacTHuHEIM MaTepHaTOM. Behdextuswocrs paGors cuereMbt Ha~ TOOT OTOMIEHHA BO MHOFOM 3aBH- Puc. 84. Yanagxa yrennurens Soxonas TenvioHIOAAIINE no nepunerpy creH CUT OT mpasuAbHoro BbIGopa TenIOH30- aiguntt (pic. 84). HeoGxonuMmo cBectH K MusHMYMy TOTepH Tenuta xepes TlepeK- partie if Yepe3 GoKoBKe CreHBI. B Kaye- cTge 1GOTPYIOUIeTO NaTepitata MOKHO Mcrlonb30BaTs TeHomomMcTHpOX, MpO6- KoBbiit yTeniuTenb M apyrHe Bub Ten sovsonsunnt. Jia Tensiousonmunt HeOG- XONMMO IpHMeHsITs MaTepHaribt, UMEIO- Lute WIIOMMEHeBOe MOKPRITHE HATH HC~ noms30baTb aniomunnenyio donsry. Ya- ue BCerO MPHMeHAIOT PoTOBBIe H3OAAL- OuMBIe MITEL, NOKDHITHIe aMOMUHUEBO! Gomsroit. Tp yeraHonKe msonsunon- HBX MAT HEOGXOMAMO cHEAHTD, YTOObI MexIy HINK He OcTaBalOch HUKAKHX ureneit. Ha cnoii Tenmousonanun peKo- MeHAyeTe YEsARMBATS MOsMITHAeHO- Bylo HAeHKy, STOGH LeMeHTHBHIt pactBop He MpORMKaN MEX ManTaMM yreruIbrTe- Js, cosmabad TeMMepaTypHBIe H AKYCTH- weCkHe MOCTHKHL TomulMity TeMtonsonsuMH 1X08 He oGxonuMmo OnpememuTs pacterom. Tum ‘TemousonaMuit Mee Kosd>dunneKHT con pOTHBAeHHA TemMonepenade MMeIOT SHA SuTenbHOe BIMAKMe Ha CKOOCTS Harpe- ba, @ TAKMe Ha MOTepH Terbia B OMeMIE~ Hua. Tlerau koutypos otonseHus Tenroro noma gosxatst ObiTb yIOKEHLI, BCOOTBE- TeTBMKE C MPOEKTHOM AOKyMeHTaLMel. Veronsayiotes & ocHOBHOM Ba MeTOsA KpemmeHia Tpy6 K apMatypHolt cerKe: UIpH TOMOML KPeneHOR MpoworoKH, Ls CKpy4HBAeMoit CTeMMANBHLIM KpIOKOM, He KperiexHolt eHtEt (puc. 85). MoxHO MpHMEKUT H m10G0! Apyro crocos, THABHOe — KECTKO 3adUKcHpOBAt» TPYOY miepel 3alMBKOi GetoHoM. Tpy6y peKo- MeHnyeTeR KpeMHTS Yepes KaxmbIe 5-1 mM. Hepsetit sapnant otmuvaerca mpoctotolt,-Tak Kak apmatypHas ceTKa mpeneraniiet coOolt rpadzeckyio cet~ Ky, Oslaromapa Yemy ickmouaeTeA BPEMA Ha pasmetky roma. Cerka BbiNomHseTeR ¥3 MeTATHECKOTO MpyTKa AMaMeTpOM or 3 10 6 wm. PasMep sveiixr, Ka mpa- Buio, cocrannaer 150 x 150 mM, pexe 225 x 225 mat wetet 300 x 300 tm. ApMa- TYPHAA ceTKa MOSBONAeT KOHTPOAKDO- BaTb MpaBHABHOCTS YKNANKM MeTeS KoHTypos oTommenus. Ecnw cerka y0- Xela MpABMABHO H NpeMCTABAAET COOH y30p 13 KBampatos, yksIamKa meres Ha- HospHOTO OTOMIEHHA Ha TAK! NoBEDX- HOCTH He CocTaBIAeT HUKAKOH TpyAHOC~ nit. JlomomHHTenbHEIM mpenMyurecTBOM TIpuMeneHia apMatypHo#t CeTKH sBTHeT- cf YBCRHYeHHe MeXaHMNeCKOH MpoxHOC- TW CTAKKH fona Oraronapa ee apMUpO- panto. Kpome 9toro, Tpy6a orormieHut GyneT MOMHOCTHW (BCeH MOBEPXHOCTHIO) yromea B cTwxKe mona, rapaHTupyst TIpit 3TOM MaxcuMambHY¥o TermooTaaXy. He pexomerayerca Kpenutb Tpyst HerocpentcrBeHHO K esO10 TerLtONIONA- VM, TaK Kak HIKKAS Yacth TpyOHt OyaeT COMPHKACATKCA C HBOMSITHOHHEIM MaTe~ puaTom H yMeHumnTeH ee TertooTaaNa, B Puc. 85. Kpennenve TpyGonpoeonos rpenuiero owTypa oTOM city'iae Ik HONYYEHHA TpeGyeMort TenmiooTtalKe HeOOXOAMMO Oye TOBE CHTS Temmepatypy BOB HIM YaenuETE TMHY TOs, YO MpHBeHeT K yBeMHIE- Hit CTOMMOCTH CHCTeMBI H ee 9KCTUIYa~ rauuu. Ip TaKoit ywranke Gymer Ha6- suomaTRCK HepaBHOMepKoe pacmpesteste- Hue TeMmiepaTypbl 10 TloBePXHOCTH Troma Tepe MoHTaxom ciemyer onpene- JT MOpATOK YEMATKE TleTeltb, MapLLPYT. TpOKTAAKH KAKTOIL 3 HUX OT osaIOIILe~ ro KoMIekTopa K o6patHomy. Tperoutit KOHTYP JOIDKEH ObITS BINOAHEH U3 HenbHOrO KYCK2 TPYOBI WWM COeMUHeH Mpece-ATHHTOM, 3anHBKa GeToITOM pasOopHHIx coemMHeHUi! He LoryeKaeT- cs. Creayet NOMHHTS, 470 MKMMAb~ voi paanyc usrHGa cocrasaser R=5D MM. Vautaiika MeTIM HauHaeTes © MOI- COeaHHeHia OHOTO KOHLa TPYOE! K KO sextopy. Jax Betona tpyGst 13 moma K KosieKTopy nom yruom 90" cayxHT Han panraiomnit ornon. JL1x roncoeaunenna KOHLa TpyGbI K BLIXOY KosLIeKTOpA ce- AyeT €€ POBHO OGpe3aTb M YCTAHOBHTE Ha Heit OOKMMHOE COeRHHEHHe, cocTomee WG paspesHoro Konbita, OOKHMHOM rall- Kul BTYAKM, KOTOPY'O ClieslyeT BCTABHTS B Tpy6y 0 ynopa. Cheyer yklambipats neTaH Tak, sro 6u1 He AOmycTHTs ckpeumBaxna Tpy6 oronmexua. TMocne Monraxa Kaxnan 27 TeTas OMAHA UMeTS GUPKY Bose KO aexTopa ¢ o6c2HaYeHHeM ObcayaxkHBAe- MOTO TlOMeNLeHHA HAM 3OHbI OTOTLTEHTEA. 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Oto HekMlOUeT BOSMOAHOCTS BOSHHKHOBE~ HMA B AaAbHeltWeM UOKEMATCDHBIX Hanpaxenuii B cactene. Hit B KoeM Cry Nae Heulb3 Noabarb & CHCTeMy HAnO:tb~ W070 OTOMMIeHMss TerLIOHOCHTEMs c Mpoe~ kTHOM ‘TeMnepaTypo 40 MOMeHTa 3aT- Bepsenna GeTOHHOl cTAKKH, TaK Kak Tporpes GeTOHHOM cTAxKKU chocobcTBy- eT OOpazonanmio TpemHH. [locae yet- polictsa GeToHHOm cTmkKH 3anpewleHo noMasars rops4yi0 KOAY B CHCTEMY B Te~ 4enme 3 veges. 3a 970 BpeMa cTAKKA OMKHA 3ATEPIETS ECTECTBEHHBIM CHO- co6oM 1 Ha6paTh Tpebyemyio MpouHocte. To ucteesmir ykasanHoro mpeMeHit B ciicremy MOXHO NojaTb TenioMocHTEA ctenneparypoit 25°C, as nocnenyiomme 4 Aus Oa nowKHA SwITh MOCTeMeHHO noawsira 20 pacuernoil Comkka Bocnpiiinaer Harpy3ky 4 pacripeaesser ee Ha Goslee MATKUIT HIDKe- aexaiiit cnom TenaoMs0AAItMM. TostoMy OHa LOWAHA GIT HOCTATONHO 2%*eCTKOM, 28 Ho To BOSMOKHOCTH TOHKOH, “TOOK He TparHts JTHMIHee Tenn0. OGBIWHIO MuHH- Mamita TOMA catOst Ka TPyGAMM COC raprset 40-50 sim. Jroro socTaToWHO, wroObl OH BHIepAUBA HarpySKY 0 200 xre/w2, Tia yerpoficrsa Geronnoit oraxxn AyuLLe APUMEHSITS @KECTKMM» GeTOH, TAK KaK upe3MepHoe conepxaHe BOIS MOKET ‘ObITS NPHYMHOM OGpasoBaHHA ycaTOURbIX peu, B uensx oGnervenna yeranKn SeTOHHOM CTAKKM M3 XKecTKOTO GeTOHA MOXHO 1O6aBATb B HETO TuIactHuKaTO- pst. B 3TomM cayyae GeroH GyneT Gonee yaoSoyKambipaembim. Tonauy B cHcTeMy Topateli BONS MOXHO MpOMsBOMMT He panice 3 Hezemb, 3a 90 BpeMA GeTOHHaA crmkka HaGepet HeoGxonUMy!o impou= Hocrs Yempoticmeo memnepamypnotx (de- @opmaguourex) weos 6 Gemonnoit Gmasexe. XoTA B cucTeMe HaronbHOrO oTonseHHa paGoTair HeBbICOKMe TeMIIe~ Patypni TerTOHOcHTeNA, B CMOe GeTOH- Holl CT@KKK BOSHMKaWOT BHYTpEHHMeE HanpaKexna. HeGopmaunonnste west TIpH3BaHbi NpeaoTEpauaT OOpasoBaHHe IDeILIMH B OeTOHHO! CTaXKKe H cHIDKATE HaMpakeHUs 10 MUHMMYMa, orpanitan- bag HX pacripoctpaene Ha KOHCTpyK- io “HICTOTO Hosa H crewBt. Hla Henpa- BHADHO BHINOAEHHBIX TeMMepaTypHLX uigax GonbUIKX TowaNeH WAM THI0K eit CLOXHOM (hopMst, OCOGEHKO B YFIax, BOSHMKalOT GONbUIMe HaNpsxKeHMA, ITO NPHBOAMT K OTKambiBaHMWO KadebHoit IUTUTKHS HULK HOMHATHIO MAPKETHEIX MOK= parrit AehopmMaumounble WBbI LONDK HB YCT- Puc. 86. Yerpoficrse nebopreauworiex (rennep: ‘ypibx) wos. (a Hempapnasno paso panparocs: 0 nepuMeTpy Boame cTeH; Jui orpauinuenns momtarert; npH T10- tani CrAKKH Goree 40 M2 vst Np OTHO- IEHIAM e€ CTOpOH 2:1 ¢ MaKCHMANLHOM AUIMHOHL ONHOH H3 HX 8M; B y3ax coe AMHEHMi pasMH4HDIX CrpoHTesbHtbIX KOHCTPYKUMIt, HaNpHMep y3en CoemHHe- Hua ReCTHUSHOTO Mapula ¢ neCTHUMHOM TIOULAAKOHK; MPH Mpoxonax “epes mpoe- Mbl, HAmpHMep ABepHbIe; MPH CAOKHOM opme niomaneli, Hanpamep np T-, T~ o6pasitrx momanax, B nomeutenuax ¢ siicoKoit Temmepa- ‘Typoii mona Gacceliie Hin nomeutenia C MOKpHITHEM Tosa H3 MatepHaon ¢ BEI COKHM CONpOTHBEHHEM TeMONpOBON- HocTH, HanpHMep KOBPOBHIE HOKDHITHA, Aepeno M Tut.) TeMMepatypHbIe OLB calemyeT BRINOAHAT HeMHOTO valle. Onactocrs obpasosanns tpemun B Ge TOHMOM CTaKKe, B OTHX KONCTPYKUEHAX, bospacraer. Temnepatypreie wisp! (pic. 86) nesta~ Jor Mp TOMOUIM KoMMeHcalMOoHHol JICHTbI HS BeTeHERHOTO MOmMSTHAEHA WIM ApYCHX MarkHxX MatepHatos. TpH yerpoiicrse uib08 110 nepumerpy KoMia- ‘Tbl OHH Yale Beero COBMeLaloTCA ¢ TeM- JOMSONUpYIOUIeH BCTABKO!, TO ects 0 ‘cyULeCTBY JlesaeTeR TONBKO TeNAONSOMA- una. Jan ysrovoBNeHHs IBOB BHYTDH KOMHAT MOryT OBITS MCMOMBsORAHGE Ae~ PeBsHHBIe peliKH, KOTOpDIe BBILHMAIOT Nocae 3aNBKH GeTOHHOR CTAKKU, 2 06- PasoRaBiytoca WleTs 3aONHAIOT sac TWTHO! MacTRKol. Matepuaitt sin yor- policrsa TemmepatypHbIx 1BOB YKTANbI- baloT repel MOHTaKOM TPE HaMtOnSHOTO oronsenna. TpyGu nomxHEt ObTe pas- MeIlIeHbI TAKHM O6pasoM, YTO6b1 0 Mi~ HUMYMa OrpaHUUUTS KONMMECTHO HOXO~ op 4epes AeopMannoHnete W861. TaM, Tle MPOXON AANAETOR HENBGEKHBIM, TPY- Oy (yyactox 40 om) cnenyer mpoKaanst- BaTb B 9auUNTHOM TpyGe HI B CTaMBHOH THtb3e ANMHOML He MeHee 1M. Oto mpe- AorspatHt xKecTKOe CUeMLIeHe OTOH TeAbHEIX TPYG CO CTHKKOME IPH. MPOXOK- ACHUM TeMmeparypHOrO UlBa, a TaKKE HCKMONNT BOSMOKHOCTS seficTAAs Cpe SAIOUIUX Clin Ha TPYODI H BOSHUKHOBEHIE ‘TDEULMH B CTAKKE Tiosa, Ocofennocmu yempoiicmea cucmemos rensoorpaaronine Puc. 87, Yerpolicrao rennsix non08 no aepesAKNo- My nepexparnang Hanoaouoz0 omonaenuA Ha depesAKHDLx GasKax. Texnonorns usrovoRteHHa Ten SIGIX MOJLOB NO AEPEBAHHBIM MepEKPHITH- SIM WM 110 KenesoGeTOHHBIM MepeKPHI- TSIM, HOC RPeBAHHDIMI TonaMit B Oc~ HOBHOM avanorHuHa sbnulenpHBeseH- Holi, C onioit Mul pasHHueit, 470 OTO- nureabiite TpYGS NpoKAanBIBAIOT He B GetoNNOH craxkke, @ B cHeuMaAbHEX ‘TeNNOOTPAKANOULAX HLACTHHAX, KOTOPBIE KpenaT K nara ian Gankam mepexpnrriis (pxc. 87). Tipu 310m peKomernyeman TOMUUNa AepeBAHHOFO HHCTOrO MOA nomxta Butt He Gonee 15 mM. Toncrstit cHol Hepena UMeeT HHIKyIO Teruompo- BOMHOCTb, TO OTPAHHMMBAeT BOSMOX- HOCTH NpabunsHott peryAMpOBKH TeMmIe- patypst Bosayxa. Thiacriitbt Boitonnenbt TakHM OGpa~ 30M, YTO KX MOKHO BPYYHYIO Mepestantel— Barb, lonysat Monoces mstuwott 1/2, 1/3 1/6 weno mactuHer. Tractuwa uMeer rlocepenitte 2Ken06, ® KOTOpEIIt YKAMDI- naior Tpyoy. Thracruist MOxHO fpHOWBAT K Ja TaNc MPH MOMOUNM CKOG WIH TBOSHe!t. VK- sianky Tpy6 MIp# BHNOAHEHMH TerT0rO Nona Ha TepessHHLix Galax MpoH3Bo- ASI? AYTEM BIARTHBAHHA HX B xes06a. Tas snannnnanna tpy60t B xKeN06 socTa- TouKO serkoro yousKa HorH. Tp 9ToM cnenyer Obit OCTOPOKHBIM, YTOGEI HE BIABUTS TPYGY CAIUKOM TAy6OKO, TAK Kak 9TO MOXET MPHBECTH K PacKPEITHIO mnacTiMH. 29 Tipoektupowarue cucten KOHAHLHO- HpOBAHHA Ht BeHTHAAUHH OcHOBAHO Ha CTPOMTENbHbIX HOpMaX i _TipaBiax (CHull), yrsepxtentnix Tocetpoew CCCP stan Munictpoem Poccint. OGume crponTenbHbte HOPMBI # MpaBiiza yor DORCTS CHCTEM BeHTHNAILAH i KOHIIEHO- wuposanna posayxa manst 8 CHul 2.04.05. — 91" B okHABIX SnaHHAX, KaK mpaBino, TPOCKTHPYIOT BLITEKHYIO BEHTHUTALITIO C ectectseHHbim noGyxnennem. Kommer- calluio Yaanzemoro Bo3nyxa MpenyemaT- puBalOT KaK 3a CHeT MocTynmenuA Ha- DYKHOTO BOMYNa, TAK M3 cHeT mepeTe- KaHMA BosMyXa M3 ApyrHx MoMeWIeH Toctymnenite HapykHOrO Bosyxa B 110- MeuleHUA KBapTHD mMpenyeMaTpHBaeTCA Yepes (boprouKH, OKHa, paMyrn, a TaK- Ke Yepes HensOTHOCTH OKOH If ABepeit. B ksmarueckix paitowax ¢ Temme- patypoit HaxGoslee XoonHON naTHaHes- Kut Hike —40 °C BAKHIIBIX 31AHHX BHICO- Toll B 1p 3TaxKa % Goxee JOnycKaeTes TpoeKTHpowars MpUTOUHYIO MeXaHHMeC- KYlO BeHTHAUMIO ¢ TOTOTpEBOM Hapyx- Horo Bo3ayxa. BuiraxHyIo BeHTHAsUIIO KETEIX KomHat BO BCeX KBapTHpax cnemyeT Hpe~ AYCMaTDUBaTb Yepes BBITAKHSIE KAMAL KYXOHD, YOOPHBIX, BAHHBIX (AYMIeBBIX) H cyumnpriix wxadbox. B xpapTupax B xe~ Thipe KOMHATEI Hf Goree Ge3 CKBO3HOTO Puc. 88. 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Takoe o6temuHenne HonyckaeT~ os TDi YeNOBAK, YTO PaccTOAHIE 10 BEI- core Mek MpACoCAMEREMBIN MecT- HBIMM KaKanaMM COcTaBiaeT MeHee 2 metpos. MectHsre KaHanst, mpHcoemH- HsIeEMBIE K COOPHOMY KaHany, TOKHDE 6sITS OGopyronaHet xKAMOSHHLIMH pe~ ETKAMI, OMYCKAIOUIUMH MOHTAKHYIO perysunposky. Tip npuMeHeHitn KakanbHoit npTos— HoH BeHTUNSUHK, COBMEUIEHHOM C BO3- AYLIHBIM OTORMEHHEM, penyemaTpHwaeT- cm Momava BOSIYXa BWM TOMENLEHILA NocTomHHO MO KANaam BosmyIKHOrO oronnenus. B apyKHOIX CTeHaX TeXHMYeCKHX nommonuii 1 1OnBATOB HEOBXOMHMO MpO- EKTHDOBATS MPOMYXH TLIOWIAHTEIO He Me~ Hee 0,05 M2 Kaxmuit. OGuias moutan Mponyxon momkHa oGecnesUBATh He Me~ vee vem 1,5-KparHbilt OOMeH BOSMyxa B T sae Tlis sexTHsuuM xonomHoro wepzaKa ¢ XXeNeZOGETOHHBIM TOKPEITHEM B HapyxX- HBIX CTEHAX C KAXNOM CTOPOHDL SLaHUt cneayeT mpenyemarpunath orneperua cymamapHol —Mioulatbio He MeHee 1/500 nutowian YepsaaHoro NepeKpBITHA. B ananueax c Terpin tepnaxom yaarte- He BOSIyXa 13 YepraKa Npoextupyercs Seped BBITHDAHBIE MIAXTH Gonee 3,0. JTIsmoxoast Apimoxon, — 3t0 weprukansitan tpy6a Aas yaaneHiia 8 atwocbepy mponykTos cropaHua Torna 43 OTONMTEABHEIX ai peratos, J[bMoxom npeaHasHaser sn cosuanita ecrectBeHHolt TAH, 10 Bo3- aielicreHem KoTOpOH BOSAYX JWI Mponyk. ToR cropanita noctynaer B TONKy, & abIMO Ble Pasi YAMAIOTOH M3 HEE. Tipwauns, sansioune Ha rary: He rep- MeTHTHOCTS, He OGOCOGTEHOCTH :HIMO~ Xona; 3aBAMbi, SacopEL, saVKeHHOE cexe~ Hite AbIMOXOMIA; BAWAHHe JOHBI BETPOBOTO Noanopa; HenpasnybHoe pacronoxeHite oron0BKa OTHOCHTEABHO KOHBKa; HII3KAA TeMIlepaTypa OTXOAAUNX Fa30B. Aeimoxomet, Haxonautecs B 20H er Posoro Tioanopa, B aKermmyaraunn sanpe- lWeHbi 13-3a BOsHKalouteyt OOparHOn Tar B orxoaautux rasax comepxutes: CO2, $02, Tenmepatypa orxonalunx ra~ 308 1400~1900 °C. Mpoxoas 10 ma1Noxo- AY, OTXOMAIIME Ta36I OCTBIBAIOT 1 TIpIL noctinxertit TouKs pocst — 55~60 °C BulraiaeT KoHiNeHcaT. Boza, ocaxsasich Ha CTeHKaX B BepxHelt WaCTH AHIMOKOMA MpuBenlet K TOMY, TO OHM GyayT HaMo- Kats. Kpome Toro, mpi coeaimenitn or PAGOTAHHBIX ras0B BOMB OBpasyeres CepHar KitcsloTa, !TO MOXeT MpHBecTH K paspyuuieHitio KuprutsHoro Kanata. Uro- Gb NaGeKAT BHITIAReHUS KoHUeHCaTa, XKeHATEMHO HCHIONbSOBATE YTEILIEKHBIIt AIMOXON WM B cyuecTEYIOMit KiID- TusHtii Kaka yeranosuTs Tpy6y 113 Mepxaneroutert cranny. i —] Puc. 89. BossnwleHne AbNORUX (eeKtuARUMOK: obs) Toy nan xpoanedt Yrennenustit mbiwoxon cocrout 13 2 meramveckix untapos. [pocTpar- cro mexay MWTIHIDaMM saNOMIHeHO Ten JONSONAUHOHHBIM MATEpHATOM. OGuue mpeGooanun & yempoticmay dou Mosbx u senmuarnuonnot Kananos. Jb MOXOMIBI YCTPAHBAlOT BO SHYTDEHEHX Ha pYAHbIX (KamtTanbHbtx) cTesiax. TIpw yer- policrse B HapyAHBIX CTeHaX TOMA Knankit onpesensetes pacueTom, HCKIO- YalouLuM BOIMOXHOCTS NpoMepsaHits. Ceuente mbiMoxonos: 3_ KpacHoro xuapnita 130 x 130 mos; 130% 250 aint; ata MeTp acGoutemeHTHeix TpyG 100-150. Mm, Ho He Meee MaMerpa narpyOKa npx6opa Aeimoxonst 207KHbt GbITb McTHBCM, oGocoGnertsIMM, SHCTEIMM, —Ti&KKMI, c1poro Beprikanbessinit, Lis OWnCTKH OF CAKNCTEIX OTMOKEHHIL B OCHOBAHHML s1bI- MOBBIX KaHaOB M TpYO BBITONHAIOTCA xapmanbi rayOnuolt 250 mat (puc. 88). Bepxisaa acts aBIMOXoa — orom0BOK, AOWKeH GbIT MOTHBIM, «JAOPAHHBIMe B KeNe30, NOGEMEHHBIM, NONKEH HAXOMMTS cH BHe 306i BeTpoBOrO MomTOpa, Temme- PaTypa OTAOMALIX a30B MOMKHA GbIT Bhitlle TONKH pocbl ~ rIpMepHO 5560 °C. Theimopsie Kawansi (TpyObt) 1OmDxrHbI oGeenesuBar» HozHBIit OTBOR MporyKToR cropaniia 8 armociepy OT OTomUTeNbEKIX ApxGopos # anapatos Ha TRepsOM TORAH Be, a TAKKE OT ODITOBEIX rasoBBIX aTTTApaTOR H rasibHUMPORAHHBKX reset ¢ temo MpE- oTopaitrenma pacnpoctpaeiiia mpoay 31 ‘TOB cropaliis B TIONeUIEHHSX, B KOTOPLIX OH yoTaHoBTeHb 1 akcryaTHpyIOTER, Konerpyuna peuretox, yoranasinsa- eMbix Ha BEHTHNAUHOHMBIX KaHasax ecte- CTBEHHEIX CHCTEM BeAITHULALUEM, JOKHBL Gerth TaKMMH, 4TOOM AUEHIKH OblaHt Berna OTKPBITBINH Apimowsle H BEHTITALMOHNBIC KAHAItb! enecooGpasiiO BBINIOSHATS BepTHKATEHO Gea yerynon, Honyckaered BRIOIHATS Ka~ Haltbt € YKMOMOM r10i YFOM He Gontee 30° K sepritkaiit. Haknowiibie YYACTKH AO.KHBL Gbith LMAAKHAH, MOCTOAHOTO ceHeRICH, TIOUARBIO HE MeHee CeNeHICE BepTHKaslo- Horo yuacTKa. Tipit sosnementi Kananos 13 erxoul- Horo KepaMusieckoro Kupniiva ToAUHY CTeHOK BHINOAHAIOT He MeHee 120 MM. Buytpexne nonepxHocrn KupmisHoi KINKI He OUITYKATYpHBAOT, HO pH KUAIIKE THATEABHO OFMULAIOT OF HBMHLI- oR pacrBopa uiaGpenient Timopste Kanansi B wecropaeMx BHYTPHHEX IM HapyKHBIX CTeHAX s10- YCKAETCA BBIFIO:IHSTS COBMECTHO ¢ BeH- TiuIMOHIsEINOE KaHanaMn, Tpit 9TOM OW OTRHEI GhIT pasmenenet 10 BceMt BHICOTE TepMeTHsHoIMi neperoponkanHt Wg nnuaHOro KupMera TOMLIN! He Me ee 120 stn Buicory AbiMoBelx 1py6, euittad oT KO- nochKOBON peLIeTKH AO YCTbs, cmeAyeT BLINOTHiTS He MeHee 5.x. BercoTa Bb ‘THAHB(X BeHTHALTHOHHEIX KAHANOB, DAC NOWOAEHMDIX PAOM C APIMOBDINI TPYEA- Mi, LOMKHa Obit PaO BbICOTe STHX py6. Bosabimenne auinonsix tpyG was xpoB- sieit (pie. 89) cneayer npusitenare: He Me~ Hee 0,5 a Ham mitockoit KpoBitelt; He MeHee 0,5 a Han KoHBKOM KPOBMIM Wa TapanetoM pa pacrionoxxetnmu TpyGsi Ha pacctomHAH 20 1,5.M OT KOHbKa Hil Nlapaneta; He HuEKe KONDKa KPOBIY WAM Maparteta mpi pacrto~ DOKEHIM AEMOBO! TpyGbr Ha paccToRHHH or 1,5 n0 3m or KoHBKa Mn HapaneTa; He RUPE INH, TipoBeeHHOIL OT KOHBKA biG nox yrstoxs 10” K ropHsoKTy, MPH pac- TOROCH HL AbIMOKOH TPYGHL OF KOHEKa Ha pacctosititn Gone 3M Boaouiuiesie mbinonsne py6 ta 500 MM HEOGXOTHMO —MpestyeMaTpHBATD: —_BbILE BepXHeit TOUKH SIAHNA, PUCTPOCRHOTO K oTanmisaemoMy saaviio; BbiLie BepxHelt 32 TMOCKOCTH BETPOBO!I TeHU Gonee BLICOKOFO pAOM CTORUIeTO SnaHHs 11H CoopyKCHHA Oros0BOK DbIMOBOH TpyObI CieAyeT 3a- WHat OT aTMoctbepHbIX OCAKOB. Yeranosxa Han Tpy6oit 20HTOD H net>- JeKTOpOR sartpeulaeTCs: B YOBEHE C KOH- KOM KPAIUIM, CCT OFM OTCTAIOT Ha paccTo- ane 1,5—3,0 MOT KOHBSA KPBILIM; HULK KOHBKa KDBILIH, HO He HibKe MpaMOil, TpO- BedeHHO OT KOHBKA BHH3 MOM yrToM 10° K TOpHSOHTAMH, MH pACHOAOKeHIUL Hx OT KOHbKa Ha paccTOAHHH Gonee 3,0 M. Bo Bcex chy4¥asX BbICOTa OFONOBKa Hal npiaeraiouiell vacTbio KpBIUIK gomKHa GbITD He MeHee 0,5 M BbIe TPaHMUbl BeT- pogoro nognopa. 3oHxa BeTpoBoro MoATO- pa — 90Ha, Me Zapnenie BLie aTwoc- epHoro, cosgaBaemoe BeTPOM Ham oro- JROBKOM HAH MPOCTPAKCTBOM, JaKMIOYeH- woe Toa yrom 45° or Baile cToautero aHaHnA Wan jepena, ecam paccToaHue Menee 12 M, OT BbIMIe CTOALIETO OObeEKTA go crewhi saris K omomy zbimoxoay paspeuractox MpHCOeAHHUTS 18a NpuGopa (HanpuMep, Kota H BOMOTpeHO! KONOHKM) NPH Bbl- NOAHEHMM yoROBHIE: eca MOSBONRET Ce ‘YeHMe MbIMOXOMa; ECAH NPHOOpbI Mpucoe- ZBMHeHLI Ha pasHbIx ypOBHAX MO BHICOTE Ha pacctonuity) He Mesiee 0,75 M; ecm mp- Gopbi MpHCOeMHHeHbl Ha OLHOM ypoBHe, ‘TO B ABIMOXOe LODKHA GbITE yCTAHOBCHA pacceuxa auicoroit He mexce 0,75 M. Jina KoTIOB ¢ aTMOcdepHoH ropen- Koi, Yale BCETO ANA MPHCOeAMHEHAA K UUMIMOXOAY CAyKaT xKeTeSHBIe TpyGLi. Tpy6u 8 MecTax mpHcoeauHerMs K BbI- Moxony ZOTAHDI MMeTS OrpaxnenTeTb- nyo wait6y, xopomiee ynonHenne WAH rodpy 2.14 Toro, ¥TOGEI OHH He NepeKpBI- bait CeMeHite mbtMOxONa, TpyGH sbinomHAIOT 113 sMeTOBOrO xke- {2e32, OKPALLNBAIOT OTHECTOHKUEM staKOM, Vix aviamerp aomkeHt ObtT pages auamer- py matpy6xa mpn6opa. Tpy6bi 100xKHEI ofepatbcd Ha MatpyGoK ororHTesbHOrO mpvGopa 3B¢HO B 3BeHO MO XOMy rasa Ha ray6uny He Meee noxOBHHBI AUaNeTpA ~py6b!. Juana rpy6 8 HoBbIX snanHAX 20- nyckaeres 0 3 M, 8 CTapbiX—A0 6 M. YK~ OH JomKeH ObITb B CTOpoKY mpaGopa papHeM | cM Ha | M smn. [px mpoxo- ne Yepes HeoTanMmaemble MOMeMIEHHA ‘TpyObl LOMKHbI GEITb yrerLeHbl. Tawi M catonbie oMHKH, Kak npaBit- 40, HcttOMbsyIOTCA B RECeHHe-NeTHe- OceHISHit mepHtonsx roma, TO ECT B TerLTOe spema. Tostomy B HHX MOKHO yoTaHaB- AMBaTS He OTOMMTENIBHBIE TeUH, a KAM- Hb, KOTOpHIe cayxar Gombe He 15 oGorpeba, Tak Kak OTHa¥a TervIa y HUX 10-20%, a mia BeHTHALAUMH H ocbopALK HMMs METEPEEpa, WIA KYPAKA. Ha mavax in cazonsix ommKax pasMe- bt KOMHaT, Kak mpapiuio, HeBemMKKL, Ka MH TOSTOMY KETATENBHO eNaT HEOOMTS MIX pasMepon Ht Pacriomarar ero B ONHOM 3 YIIOB KOMHatiI. KoweTpyxn ytT0B0- To KaMiMHa ¢ dacaltoM, BepTHKAllbHtbiM paapesom if co BeeMIK MOpsyIOBKAMK TIpH- slaraetes wa pueytKax 1-7. Mimeerea mioro apyrux Bapuaitos KOHCTpYKUIi M pasMellleHHs KaMHHOB On moxer pacromararses Ht mocpemmHe KOMHaTBI, HY cTeHBI. Moryr Gstrs paxGop- HBle HerKHe KAMHHBI, KOTOPBIE HCITOVTES} JOTOR B XOMOAHOE ApEMs TOMA, A Ha TeMI~ Abii NlepHion 1x yOxpaLoT. TIpeaiaraemptlt Tit yrwonoro Kanara Mpemnasnayaetes Ig KOMHATBI TuIO- laitbI0 12,5—13,0 v2 ¢ MpHMprKaHneM TO K KUPOWYHBIM cTeHaM, JList KOMHaTb mnomansi 15-16 M? BsIcoTy moprasa HYKHO yeenuentT’ Ha 1-2 psa KUpTMa, Oo pasMep Hlopraita saBHcHT OT mtomta AM KOMHATBL, B KOTOpO! pasMeulaeTes KaMitn. Torpesuocts 8 xupmirie Ha cTpon- TeMKCTBO sla4HOTO KAMMHa cocTaBnseT 415-420 uit ynaament ytament ppikansBawT 1a xopo- eM OCHOBAHIM H3 MPOYHBIX MarepHastoB = GyTOROTO KAMHs, HOBeCTHSIKA, KDI wa-KenesHaKa WK GeToHa, B cbipbIx TPYHTAX cnenyer MPUMEHATS KUpIHKE- Je3HAK (OOBIYNBI KPH OT cEIpoCTHE MOXET paspyulMrbes), Oyronbiit KaMeHb ium Gerow. PasMepbt byHAaMeHTa B TuIaHe KAMUH AIA AWM UYU CAAZOBOTO DOMUKA TOWKHE! OBIT WHPe OCHOBAKWA KAMHHA Ha 5 eM Bo Bee CTOpOHB! Tlo pasmepan yitanena sixkartina- or siMy, TIyOMHA KOTOpOi saBHCHT OT TAOTHOCTHE rpyHtTa Ht FHAPOTeOMOrHYECKHX yenonuit crpowtenbHoii TuioMlaNKH. Try6nnta satoxenns pbyHtaMeHTa Tom. Kamunit O:DKHa Obit He BbrIe PAyOHHBL SatOeHUs yHTAMeHTA caMoro OMA. JIHo Kotnonatia TiHareNbHO BHIpABHHDa- TOT, a Mit CTaGoM rpyHTe yrIOTHAIOT ¢ BTOMTeHHeM tieGH. Kaanky dbytuiamenta Beslyr Ha keMeHT= Hom pactsope coctana 1:3—1:6. Jaa 3Ko- HOMHM UeMeHTa MpHMeHSOT CROKHBIE WIM CMeUIaHHBIe pacTBOpEt 8 coOTHOUIC- waive 1:2:8 vont 1:9, 10 ecb Ha 1 wacts Ue: Mesa Gepyr 0 2'4acteit M3BecTKOBOTO tecra u 89 wactelt nieeka, 33

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