EXPLORATORY

TLE-Technical Drafting
Module 1: MELC LO 1.
Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment
in Technical Drafting
Week 1: Day 1-2

Department of Education - MIMAROPA Region

TLE – Grade 7/8 Technical Drafting
Alternative Delivery Mode
Module 1: LO 1. Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment in Technical Drafting
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the
work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may,
among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks,
etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been
exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners.
The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education-MIMAROPA Region

Regional Director: Benjamin D. Paragas
Assistant Regional Director: Suzette T. Gannaban-Medina
CLMD Chief: Mariflor B. Musa

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Melita P. Rios
Editors: Hedylene L. Tizon, Joey B. Gutierrez
Reviewers: Marvin A. Mendoza, Marino C. Cueto
Illustrators: Melita P. Rios, Louie J. Cortez, Jefferson Repizo
Layout Artist: Lea M. Sodusta
Management Team: Benjamin D. Paragas, CESO V, Regional Director
Atty. Suzette T. Gannaban-Medina, OIC, Asst. Regional Director
Laida M. Lagar-Mascareñas, OIC, SDS
Lynn G. Mendoza, Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mariflor B. Musa, CLMD Chief
Aurora L. Caguia, Regional EPS In-charge of EPP/TLE/TVL
Freddie Rey R. Ramirez, Regional EPS In-charge of LRMS
Florina L. Madrid, CID Chief
Marino C. Cueto, Division EPS In-charge of EPP/TLE/TVL
Norman F. Magsino, Division EPS In-charge of LRMS
Carlos V. Ledesma, Principal II

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – MIMAROPA Region
Office Address: Meralco Avenue, cor.St. Paul Road, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Email Address: [email protected]
 EXPLORATORY

TLE-Technical Drafting
Module 1: MELC LO 1.
Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment
in Technical Drafting
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education-Grade 7/8 Alternative Delivery

Mode (ADM) Module on Preparing Hand Tools and Equipment in Technical Drafting!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher, or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st-century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners
as they do the tasks included in the module.

ii
For the learner:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education-Grade 7/8 Alternative Delivery

Mode (ADM) Module on Preparing Hand Tools and Equipment in Technical Drafting !

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands, we may learn, create, and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity, or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity that will help

you transfer your new knowledge or skill in
real-life situations or concerns.

iii
 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends to the
retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

This module is designed to provide the learner with basic firsthand knowledge
of technical drafting tools and equipment, understand their functions, and actively
engage themselves in some basic, fun but meaningful and procedural activities to
make them potentially prepared for more robust and complicated tasks.

This also contains real-time tasks that will demonstrate the technical know-
how of the subject and a written assessment to guesstimate the learnings acquired
after the entire process of learning.

Content Standard: The learners demonstrate an understanding of hand tools and

equipment in Technical Drafting

Performance Standard: The learners shall be able to use hand tools and
equipment in Technical Drafting

Module 1: LO. 1. Prepare hand tools and equipment in technical drafting

(TLE_ICTTD7/8UT-0a-1)

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

• list hand tools and equipment based on job requirement;

• identify appropriate hand tools and equipment; and
• classify hand tools and equipment according to the function task
requirement

1
 What I Know

Weigh Your Stocks!

Our mind contains a lot of cognitive faculties such

as consciousness, imagination, thinking, memory, and
judgment that are housed in our brain. It works like a big
computer with a lot of functions including the ability to
recall.

Before getting started, let’s find out how much

learnings you have stored in your mind by answering the
questions. This will also provide the starting point of
1https://freesvg.org/peeking-
lady-with-justice-scale knowledge and preparedness for the technical and
educational experience of this module.

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the letter of your choice in
your activity notebook.

1. It is used when drawing horizontal lines and for guiding triangles when
drawing vertical lines.
a. Foot rule
b. Triangles
c. Triangular scale
d. T-square

2. One of the most important tools in drawing and it comes in various grade
a. Divider
b. Eraser
c. Pencil
d. Protractor

3. An instrument used to determine gradations of the degrees when measuring

arcs, angles, and circles.
a. French curve
b. Protractor
c. Triangles
d. Triangular scale

4. This instrument is used for drawing vertical and inclined lines.

a. Divider
b. Foot rule
c. Protractor
d. Triangles

2
5. The main function of this instrument is to reproduce the measurements of an
object in full size, reduced size, and enlarged size.
a. Compass
b. Divider
c. Triangles
d. Triangular scale

6. An instrument for drawing irregular curves other than arcs and circles
a. Compass
b. Divider
c. French curve
d. Templates

7. It is a useful tool to protect the rest of the drawing when clearing up smudges,
unnecessary drawing lines, and other erasures.
a. Eraser
b. Erasing shield
c. Masking tape
d. Templates

8. It is a drawing instrument used when transferring measurements, dividing

lines, and arcs into the desired equal parts.
a. Compass
b. Divider
c. French curve
d. Protractor

9. A high technology machine for drawing purposes only.

a. Architect table
b. Auto CAD computer
c. Desktop
d. Drafting table

10. This is used to clean the dirt off the drawing.

a. Eraser
b. Erasing shield
c. Masking tape
d. Tracing paper

3
 Lesson
Use of Tools and Equipment
1
What’s In

Eye-Found-It Word Puzzle Game

Let’s practice your ability to hunt the hidden words in the puzzle below. It is
fun but tricky looking for them in different directions. Make your eyes wide-open to
find them all.

Directions: For five minutes, scout around the letters in the puzzle and look for
the 10 drafting technical terms. The beginning letter of each drafting
tool is provided for your clue. Write your answers on your activity
notebook.

1. E S 6. F C
2. T-s 7. D T
3. P 8. T R
4. D 9. T S
5. C 10. E

4
 What’s New

WELCOME TO OUR LEARNING MODULE!

We are glad to have fun teaching you new

concepts and materials that will be very useful
as you explore your journey through this lesson.

Enjoy every moment and make the most

of your exploration as you go along.

Good luck!

BRING THE SUPPLIES ON - GAME CHALLENGE

• Can you name all the materials in the

picture?

• Did you have fun using them when you

were still a kid? Very good!

Now, in two minutes, list them down in a

piece of paper.
Figure 2https://depositphotos.com/5908707/stock-photo-
background-of-school-supplies.html

5
 What is It

Tik Tok Tools!

The basic and most essential part of exploring and learning technical drafting
is to be acquainted with the tools and equipment necessary in the entire procedural
process of the course.

Let’s meet them!

Preparing Hand Tools and Equipment in Technical Drafting

There are a variety of hand tools/instruments and equipment used in

Technical drafting. The drafting hand tools/instruments discussed in this Module
include most of the basic ones but sufficient enough for your initial understanding
of Technical Drafting.

DRAFTING PICTURE/ DESCRIPTION/

TOOL ILLUSTRATION FUNCTION
This is one of the most
important tools in the drawing.
It comes in various grades. The
grade of a pencil to be used
depends on the quality of the
paper to be used. You also have
to take into consideration the
type of line work required.
Drawing Pencil Hard pencils – are used where
extreme accuracy is required
especially working on graphs,
diagrams, and charts.
Medium pencils – are used for
general purpose work in
drawing.
Soft pencils – are very useful for
the artwork of various kinds.

6
 It is a three-sided ruler, which
typically has two equal sides
meeting at a 90-degree angle
and to a third side at 45, 30,
including 60-degree angles. It is
usually made of plastic and
comes in different sizes. If in
use, the base of the triangle
must rest on the blade of the T
Triangle
square. Drawing a line always
starts from the point near the
base going upward.
Commonly used triangles
are:
a. 30 degrees x 60
degrees
b. 45 degrees x 45
degree
It is a semi-circular instrument
divided into 180 equal parts.
Each of its parts is called a
degree. It is used to determine
Protractor the gradations of the degrees
when measuring arcs, angles,
and circles. A high-quality
protractor is usually made of
plastic.

Its main function is to

reproduce the measurements
Triangular
of an object in full size,
Scales
reduced size, and enlarged
size.

It is a drawing instrument used

when making horizontal lines. It
is also used for guiding triangles
T - Square
when drawing vertical lines. It is
made of wood, plastic, or a
combination of both.

7
 This tool is made up of thin
Erasing Shield metal with irregular holes. It is
a useful tool to protect the rest
of the drawing when clearing up
smudges, unnecessary pencil
lines, and other erasures.

This drawing instrument is

used when drawing arcs and
circles. It is used in a similar
way to a divider. It is composed
Compass of one with the pen leg and the
needlepoint leg being held
together with a handle. This
drawing instrument can be used
both penciling and inking.
This is a drawing instrument
used when transferring
measurements, dividing lines,
and arcs into the desired
number of equal parts. It can
Divider
easily transfer accurate
measurements by adjusting the
divider points. Constant and
correct practice with this is
necessary before doing actual
work.

This is used to clean the dirt off

the drawing. A soft eraser is
advantageous in removing
Eraser smudges and pencil marks,
Photo illustrated by the whereas, a harder eraser is
author useful for making changes and
correcting errors in the drawing.

A flat piece of plastic with

Drafting standard symbols and used as
Template a guide for drawing images on
plans.

8
 An instrument for drawing
French Curve irregular curves other than arcs
and circles

A concave, spring-steel blade

ranging from 1/4" to 1" wide and
6 to about 300 feet in length,
coiled inside a carrying case.
Tape Rule Metric tape ruler comes in
comparable widths and lengths
up to 10 meters. It provides an
easy means for accurately
measuring curved surfaces.

A pen is used for inking

Technical Pen mechanical lines.

Drafting tables may refer to any

ordinary table found in a school
shop or the home with
convenient height that will make
Drafting Table
you comfortable while working.
Its main purpose is to provide
you a place where you can fasten
your drawing paper.

Auto CAD A high technology machine for

Computer drawing purposes only.

Photo credits to Melita P. Rios

9
Clash Of Pie!
Isn’t it fun to learn new materials and concepts in drafting technology? Guess
you are hungry for more. A pie can be divided into several slices, so as the drafting
tools and instruments.

At this point, you are going to explore more of what you learned by providing
you additional inputs in classifying the drafting tools according to their function.
This is practically essential in producing a quality output you are expected to create.

For Straight
Edging:
T-square
Triangles
Foot rule For Dividing:
Compass
For Inscribing: Divider
compass
divider
circular
templates
For Measuring:
T-square
Triangles
Triangular Scale
Foot Rule

Figure 3https://pixabay.com/illustrations/search/pizza/

10
 Now is the right time to learn how these tools are used. Understanding the
proper procedures in handling the materials is important for your independent
manipulation of them even without the assistance of your teacher.

So, let’s keep moving!

Proper Manipulation of T-square

Procedure:
1. Place the head of the T-square against the edge of the drafting table. (Left
side of the table if you are right-handed and at the right side of the table
if you are left-handed).
2. Slide the working head of the T-square against the working edge of the
drawing table. The two edges should be in constant contact until the
desired position.
Note: Do not use the T-square on the uneven or rough surface and never cut the
paper along its working edge.

11
Setting up a Drawing Paper on the Drawing Table

Placing Drawing Paper to the Drawing Board

Procedure:

1. Press firmly the T-square against the working edge of the drawing table.

2. Place the drawing paper close to the working edge of the drawing table and
working head of the T-square (depending on you if you are right or left-
handed) while the paper is placed on the top edge of the T-square.

3. Fasten the upper left portion of the drawing paper followed by the lower
right portion and finally the remaining corners.

Note: Always fasten a larger backing sheet of thicker drawing paper on the
board first.

12
How to Draw Horizontal Lines

How to Draw Horizontal Lines using T-square

Procedure:

1. Press the head of the T-square against the working edge of the drawing
table and lean the pencil to the desired direction of the line inclined at
more or less 60 degrees with the drawing table. The head of the T-square
should be on the left side if you are right-handed and to the right, if you
are left-handed.

2. Maintain the position of the pencil while you glide lightly on the blade of
the T-square.

3. Draw the line from left to right rotating occasionally to produce uniform
line weights.

13
How to Draw Vertical Lines

How to Draw Vertical Lines using Triangles and T-

square

Procedure:

1. Use 45 degrees triangle or 30 degrees x 60 degrees to draw vertical lines.

2. Place the triangle on top of the blade of the T-square with the vertical edge on
the left.

3. With the left hand pressing the T-square and the triangle against the drawing
board, draw the line upward, rotating the pencil slowly between the thumb
and forefinger.

14
 What’s More

Gotcha!
Let’s level up your knowledge in the practical application of your technical
drafting tools in doing some line exercises to practice your skill and assess yourself.
Be careful in observing accuracy and neatness to come up with satisfactory output.

You will surely have fun doing this activity.

Activity 1.1: Line Exercises

Directions: Prepare the necessary materials, tools/instrument and equipment and
draft a 10cm. x 10cm. figure-box following the given 6 designs.

Materials: Instruments/tools: Equipment:

• Oslo paper • Triangles (30°x60° • Drafting table or
• masking tape and 45°x 45°) drawing table
• T- square

15
16
 What I Have Learned

#Throwback!
It is always important to remember the meaningful memories of your past
experiences so there is always something to look back on. We are pretty sure there
are lots of learnings you have gained from this module that you would like to write
about.

Therefore, you need to write a three-short paragraph composition of not less

than 100 words that reflects your learnings on the basics of technical drafting
including some exciting and not so easy tasks you made. Make your sentences simple
but clear to understand. The first few words are already provided for your good start.
Your output will be graded based on CONTENT (50%), ORGANIZATION OF IDEAS
(25%), and CORRECT GRAMMAR USAGE (25%) for a total of 100%.

MY REFLECTIVE JOURNAL

I learned….

I realized that ….

I promise…

Figure 6https:/depositphotos.com/stock-photos/questionmark-cartoon.html

17
 What I Can Do

Talent Be Like!
Learning can be more meaningful and productive if it is put into practice.

You may have an overview of our previous discussion of the different

tools/instruments and equipment and their various classifications before proceeding
to the next activity.

Directions: Look at the four images very closely and study how they are formed.
For each image, list all the possible drafting tools/instrument and
equipment which you think, are used to draw each figure. Write your
answers on your activity notebook.

LINE EXERCISES

ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS Photos illustrated by the author

18
 Assessment

Lol! : Ladder of Learning

We are almost done!

Now, we’ve got to find out how much you have learned in this module. Are
you confident to test yourself and see your knowledge of the lesson? Well, this is the
best time to prove your worthwhile learnings by answering the following questions.
Good luck!

Test I. Identifying Tools

Directions: Match the meaning in Column A with the tools in Column B. Write
only the letter of the correct answer in your activity notebook

Column A Column B

1. It is the measuring tool used for measuring and A. Triangle

setting angles.
B. Tape Ruler
2. It is the most popular type of measuring tool, usually
6 or 12 inches in length. C. Protractor

3. The main purpose of this measuring tool is to D. Scale

reproduce, reduce, or enlarge the dimension or size
of a drawing. E. Foot rule

4. It is used for drawing vertical and oblique lines. F. Divider

5. It provides an easy means for accurately measuring

curved surfaces.

19
Test II. Classifying Tools

Directions: Give the classification of each drafting tool below, if it is used for
INSCRIBING, MEASURING, DIVIDING, STRAIGHT EDGING.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Original photos taken by the author

20
 Additional Activities

Work for More!

Practice makes perfect. Whether you are in school or at home, learning must
not delay its boundless opportunity to explore the many aspects of the learning
curve.

At this point, you are tasked to do the following activities to actively put into
practice what you have mastered in this lesson and fast track your notable
improvement. You will surely have a great time doing these simple exercises that will
test your ability in drawing lines, arcs, and circles as perfectly as possible.

Remember that your output will be assessed based on the rubrics provided
for you.

Activity 1.2: Arcs and Circles

Directions: Prepare the necessary materials, tools/instruments, and equipment
and draft a 12cm. x 12cm. figure-box following the given 4 designs. Be
reminded that you need to finish the task in two (2) hours.

Materials: Instruments/tools: Equipment:

• Oslo paper • Triangles (30°x60° • Drafting table or
• masking tape and 45°x 45°) drawing table
• T- square
• Compass

21
22
 Criteria for assessment

Criteria 3 Points 2 Points 1 Point

The output is
The output is The output is
satisfactorily done
accurately done satisfactorily done
Accuracy under the
without the help of with some guidance
supervision of the
the teacher. from the teacher
teacher
The output is Layout and
The output is
satisfactorily laid out presentation fairly
Layout properly laid out
and presented with did even with the
Presentation and satisfactorily
some guidance from guidance of the
presented
the teacher. teacher
The output is not
The output is done The output is done
thoroughly finished
Speed on or before the after the allotted
even after the given
given time time
deadline.
The output is free The output has one The output has four
Neatness
from any erasures. to three erasures. or more erasures.

Points Earned Descriptive

11 - 12 Very Good
8 - 10 Good
5-7 Fair
1–4 Needs Improvement

23
 24
What I Know What I can Do Assessment
1. d 1. Line Exercises 1. C
2. c 1. Pencil 2. E
3. b 2. Eraser 3. D
4. d 3. Compass 4. A
5. d 4. Triangles 5. B
6. c 5. T-square 6. Measuring/Straight
7. b 6. Drawing board/ edge
8. b Drafting table 7. Measuring
9. b B. Isometric view 8. Inscribing
10. a 1. Pencil 9. Measuring Straight
2. Eraser edge
3. 30 x 60 Triangle 10. Dividing/ Inscribing
4. T-square
5. Drawing board/
Drafting table
C. Orthographic views
1. Pencil
2. Eraser
3. Triangles
4. T-square
5. Drawing board/
Drafting table
D. Perspective view
1. Pencil
2. Eraser
3. Triangles
4. T-square
5. Drawing board/
Drafting table
Answer Key
References

1. Gregorio, Mario S. Ed.D. 2008. Classification of Drawing Tools CBLM First

Year, Technical Drawing, Module 2. Copyright Department of Education.
pp.3.

2. Dionisio, Lamberto M., Proper Manipulation of the T-Square, K to 12

Technology and Livelihood Education, Mechanical Drafting ( Exploratory
Grade 7&8). 9-16.

25
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – MIMAROPA Region

Meralco Avenue, corner St. Paul Road,

Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telephone No. (02) 863-14070

Email Address: [email protected]