G AIRs - LM in Basic Calculus Quarter 4: Week 4 - Module 11 ‘Solving Problems Involving Antidifferentiatio: (Exponential Growth and Decay)Basic Calculus Module 11 Solving Problems Involving Antidifferentiation (Exponential Growth and Decay) First Edition, 2021 Copyright © 2021 La Union Schools Division Region I All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the copyright owners. Development Team of the Module Writer: EMILY 0. CAMAT, MT 2 Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos Jr., PI Management Team: Atty. Donato D. Balderas, Jr. Schools Division Superintendent Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, PHD Assistant Schools Division Superintendent German E. Flora, PHD, CID Chief Virgilio C. Boado, PHD, EPS in Charge of LRMS Erlinda M. Dela Pefia, EDD, EPS in Charge of Mathematics Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian IITarget ‘This module will help you understand about application of antidifferentiation. The use of integration laws in Basic Calculus is useful especially to the STEM learners. This learning material will also provide you with information and activities that will help you understand about how to solve problems on antidifferentiation specifically on exponential growth and decay. After going through this learning material, you are expected to: 1. Solve situational problems involving exponential growth and decay. STEM_BC11L-IVe-f-1 Before going on, check how much you know about this topic. Answer the Pre-Test below in a separate sheet of paper. Pre-Test: Directions: Read carefully each item. Use separate sheet for your answers. Write only the letter of the correct answer for each test item. 1. Find the value of kein =n 25. A. 0.298597 B. 0.398597 2, Find the value of kin = Ind. A. 0.138629 B. 0.148629 3. Find the value of t in e162 = A. 17.94 B. 18.94 0. 4. Find the value of t in e9?01180 — 65, A.19.75 B. 20.75 5, Find the value of t in e161 = 70, A. 36.67, B. 37.67 C. 0.498597 C. 0.158629 ©. 19.94 G81.78 C. 38.67 D. 0.598597 D. 0.168629 D. 20.94 D. 22.75 D. 39.67 6. What is the correct representation of the statement: “ Ify represents the amount of the quantity at a given time and t represents the time”, where k is constant? a ae A. Baby B.S ky c.2=at iy by p.2=dy7. W hich of the following is the general solution for the law of natural decay? A. ly Fem B. |y| sete Cc. |y| sexe Dz [y| = Inve 8. What is the other way of writing the equation in number 7? A. lyl secre B. lyl=ere* Cyl sere iD. [y| = Cre 9. This refers to the initial amount of the growing quantity in the equation where the amount of t is 0. A. (0) B. y(1) C. y(2) D. y(3) 10. To depict rates of change, it follows that k may be positive or negative. What denotes the meaning of b > d? A. it denotes decay C. it denotes growth B. it denotes decrease D. it denotes uniformity 11 - 15: Assume that a radioactive isotope has a half-life of 1,500 years. If you start with an initial mass of 100 g of isotope, how much isotope will be left after 20 years? 11. What is the mathematical model of the problem? A. y= yoe™™ B.y=yoe C.y=yoet D. y=yek* 12. Substitute the given in the mathematical model in number 11. A. y= 100e*" B. y= yon C. y = 1500e" D. y= yo? 13. What is the correct equation to solve for k? 05 os = nos = ins A ke To00 Bk = Tso Cok = F500 D. k= F508 14, Find kin the problem. A. -0.462 B. -0.0462 Cc. -0.00462 D. -0.000462 15. Solve for y in the problem. A. 99.08 B, 98.08 C. 97.08 D. 96.08Exponential and logarithmic functions are used to model population growth, cell growth, and financial growth, as well as depreciation, radioactive decay and resource consumption, too. Exponential function is perhaps the most efiicient function in terms of the operations of calculus. The exponential function, y = e*, is, its own derivative and its own integral rule. Activity 1: Throwback! Directions: Match column A with column B. Write the letter only. A B 1. fe*dx A.g ext 2. fe™* dx Be+C 3. fate ax Cem ec 4. fe™Sdx pte 5. f2xte*ax psc Activity 2: Calculator Practice! A. Directions: Find the value of k. B. Directions: Find the value of t 1, 09:277259t — 49 2, eo2i9722¢ — 59 3, 0.130629 — 69 4, 0.178826 — 59 5, e0.199042¢ — 39APPLICATION OF ANTIDIFFERENTIATION (EXPONENTIAL GROWTH AND DECAY) Calculating rate, marginal cost and revenue, motion, exponential growth and decay are applications of antidifferentiation. There are many formulas and techniques for antidifferentiation. You only need to be aware of the basic rules. Sometimes things can grow (or the opposite: decay) exponentially, at least for awhile. If the rate of growth is proportional to the population, y'(t) = ky(t), where k is a constant. Now, this is of the form dy/dx = ky, so this differential equation can be solved to find that y(t) = Ce. Use the initial condition to find the value of C. So we have a generally useful formule: y=Cree or y=yoie® where: C= yio)= value at the start k= rate of growth (when > 0) or decay (when <0) t= time Example 1: In a liquid culture, the amount of bacteria doubles every 5 minutes. If the amount of bacteria present initially is 2,000, how long will it take before there will be 100,000. The amount of bacteria increases exponentially. Solution: 000 x 2 = 4,000 0006013863" Replace y by 100, 000 100, 000 = 2, 000 €21353 100,000 _ 0.13863 2,000 edlsB6st = 590.13863t= In 50 0 bases 8 minutes Bounded Growth In bounded growth, the quantity increases at a rate proportional to the difference between the upper bound or the carrying capacity of the population and the size of the population at the start of the time period. 3 YekQ-y) dy = k(L—y)at ae tat ayy meat Say Saat “in Ly) = kt+C in |L-y | =-kt-C IL-yl eco Let & B If L > y, then L—y > 0 and the absolute value bars in |L-y| can be omitted. L—y=e-‘e7kt L-y=Be* y=L-Be* or y(t) = L — Be“* where L — carrying capacity Logistic Growth ‘The logistic equation is also called Verhulst model in honor of Pierre Francois Verhulst, a Belgian Mathematician who discovered the equation. f= wp (1-7) a It can be written as P= where: L= carrying capacity or the maximum population that the environment can support P= the initial population the intrinsic growth rate Example 2: Suppose a population of a certain type of animal increases according to the logistic equation. Find the population after 2 years if the initial population is 2, 000, the carrying capacity is 10, 000, and the population after one year is 5, 000. Solution: 4 ap (1-") »p@) = —+ S =k (1-2) > P@) Pca Substitute the given data in the equation.PO = Tyg After 1 year, the population is 5, 000. _ _1o.000 5,000 = Tae (1+ 4e*)5,000 144e*=2 P(t) Substitute: 10000 PO = tn = 8, 000 Explore Here are some enrichment activities for you to work on fo master and strengthen the basic concepts you have leaned from this lesson. Activity 1: Let Us Solve! Directions: Solve the following problems applying the concepts learned in Discover. Show your solution. 1. The rate of change of x is proportional to x. When t = 0, xo = 3 and when t = 2, x = 6. What is the value of x when t = 4? 2. A certain plutonium isotope decays at a rate proportional to the amount present. Approximately 15% of the original amount decomposes in 100 years. How much amount of the substance has decayed after 600 years? Also, find the half — life ti2 of this radioactive substance; that is, find the time required for this substance to decay to one ~ half of its original amount.Solve Pa More! Directions: Solve the logistic problem. ‘The population of a certain bacteria follows the logistic growth pattern, Initially, there are 10 g of bacteria present in the culture. Two hours later, the culture weighs 25 g. The maximum weight of the culture is 100g, Write the corresponding logistic model for the bacterial growth. b, What is the weight of the culture after 5 hours? c. When will the culture's weight be 75g? Directions: Read carefully each item. Use separate sheet for your answers. Write only the letter of the correct answer for each test item. 1. Find the value of kein = In? . A. 1.090277 B. 2.090277 C. 3.090277 D. 1.090277 2, Find the value of kin =In2. A, 0.389182 B. 0.489182 C. 0.589182 D. 0.689182 3. Find the value of t in e%316212 = 79, A. 5.40 B. 13.44 ©. 19.84 D. 21.44 4, Find the value of t in e%991180 = 75, A.19.75 B. 20.75 C.21.75 D. 22.75 5. Find the value of t in e486" — 79, A. 1.56 B. 5.45 c. 14.31 D. 18.67 What is the correct representation of the statement: “ If y represents the amountof the quantity at a given time and t represents the time”, where k is constant? B. #=ky c.2=adt D.2= saa ay y y a 7. Which of the following is the general solution for the law of natural decay? A. ly] set B. ly| see ©. [y| sexe D. [y| = iniwe 8. What is the other way of writing the equation in number 7? A. |y|=eore" —-B. |yl=ere ©. |u| = etre D. |y| = C+ 9. This refers to the initial amount of the growing quantity in the equation where the amount of t is 0. A. y(0) B. y(1) ©. y(2) D. y(3) 10 - 13: Suppose the rate of bacteria in a Petri dish is given by q(t) = 3¢, given in hours and q{(t) is given in thousands of bacteria per hour. If a culture starts with 10,000 bacteria, find a function Q(t) that gives the number of bacteria in the Petri dish at any time t. How many bacteria are in the dish after 2 hours? 10. What is the general equation of the problem? AQ) = f3t= B. Q(t)= f3'= C.e@= fz D.Q()= f3t= 11. What is the value of C when t = 0 in the problem? A. Q(t) = 25 +9090 B. a) = +9001 C. a) = 32 +-9.090 D. g(t) = 33 49.091 12. How many bacteria are there in the dish after 2 hours? A. 17.282 B. 17.292 ©. 18.282 D. 18.292 13. Suppose the bacteria grow at a rate of q(t) = 2°. Assume the culture still starts with 10, 000 bacteria. Find Qjt). How many bacteria are in the dish after 3 hours? A. 22,099 B, 21,099 C. 20,099 D. 23,09914, Suppose a population of fruit flies increases at a rate of (t) = 2e%* , in flies per day. If the initial population of fruit flies is 100 flies, how many flies are in the population after 10 days? A119 B. 120 c. 121 D. 122 15. Suppose the rate of growth of the fly population is given by g(t) — e"", and the initial fly population is 100 flies. How many flies are in the population after 15 days? A. 116 B. 126 c. 136 D. 146 Great job! You are done with this module.References A. Books Department of Education, Continuity of a Function, Basic Calculus Learner's Material . Pasig City, Philippines Department of Education, Topic 14.1: Situational Problems Involving Growth and Decay Problems, Basic Calculus Teacher's Guide. Pasig City, Philippines Mercado, Jesus P., Orines, Fernando B. Quezon City, Next Century Mathematics 11, Philippines: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc. Vibal Group , Inc., Davao City Pelias, John Gabriel P., Basic Calculus, REX Bookstore 2016 B. Online Resources www Ichanacademy.org m.youtube.com math libtretexts.org www.fousd.org www.ixlcom