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Classification and Taxonomy Notes

The document discusses the classification and taxonomy of living organisms. It covers the following key points: 1. Classification is the method of grouping organisms based on similarities and differences and arranging them systematically. 2. Taxonomy is the branch of science dealing with identification, naming, and classification of organisms. 3. There is a need for classification to make the study of diverse life forms easier and provide information on phylogeny, origin, and genetic relationships between organisms. 4. The natural system of classification is based on cell structure, body structure, nutrition, trophic level, and organization. Major kingdoms include plants, animals, fungi, and protists.

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Sharim Seri
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42 views19 pages

Classification and Taxonomy Notes

The document discusses the classification and taxonomy of living organisms. It covers the following key points: 1. Classification is the method of grouping organisms based on similarities and differences and arranging them systematically. 2. Taxonomy is the branch of science dealing with identification, naming, and classification of organisms. 3. There is a need for classification to make the study of diverse life forms easier and provide information on phylogeny, origin, and genetic relationships between organisms. 4. The natural system of classification is based on cell structure, body structure, nutrition, trophic level, and organization. Major kingdoms include plants, animals, fungi, and protists.

Uploaded by

Sharim Seri
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Classification and Taxonomy

In This Series ( Playlist)


• What is classification and Taxonomy
• Hierarchy of categories/groups
• Various systems of classification
• Five kingdom system of classification
• Kingdom Monera
• Kingdom Protista
• Kingdom Fungi
• Kingdom Plantae (Plant kingdom)
• Kingdom Animalia (Animal kingdom)
• Classification of phylum Chordata
• Nomenclature
Lecture Review
• Classification
• Taxonomy
• Needs For Classification
• Basis of Classification
• Telegram Channel: SCIENCE WORKSHOP
• Twitter: Kusum Chaudhary
Classification
Classification
• Method of grouping the living organisms on the
basis of similarities and differences and
arranging these groups systematically into
closely related orders is called classification.
Taxonomy

•The branch of science that deals with


identification, nomenclature and
classification of organisms is called
Taxonomy.
Need for Classification
• Classification makes the study of a wide variety of living organisms
easy.
• This helps in understanding the phylogeny (evolutionary history) of
organisms.
• It provides knowledge about the origin and genetic relationship
among living beings.
• One can know the characteristics of the whole group of organisms by
studying only a few members of that group.
• It provides information needed for all the branches of Biology.
Basis of Classification
• The natural system of classification is based on the
following characteristics
1. Complexity of Cell Structure
2. Complexity of Body Structure
3. Mode of Nutrition
4. Trophic Levels
5. Organization
1. Complexity of Cell Structure
• The living world is divided into two
subkingdoms
• (a) Prokaryotes having prokaryotic cells and
• (b) Eukaryotes formed of eukaryotic cells,
• Prokaryote is also called Monera. includes
Bacteria, Mycoplasma and Cyanobacteria (Blue-
green algae).
2. Complexity of Body Structure:
• Eukaryotic organisms are of two types:
• (a) Unicellular eukaryotes or Protista
• (b) Multicellular eukaryotes
3. Mode of Nutrition:

• Multicellular eukaryotes are divided into three


kingdoms:
• (A) Kingdom Plant : (a)Protista and (b) Multicellular
Eukaryotes. with phototrophic nutrition:
• (B) Kingdom Animalia with heterotrophic nutrition
and
• (C) Kingdom Fungi with saprophytic nutrition,
4. Trophic Level:
• All eukaryotes are also classified as:
• (a) Producers: These are all green plants that synthesize food from
CO, and H2O by the process.
• (b) Consumers: These are all animals which feed on plants or their
parts, i.e., have heterotopic nutrition
• (c) Decomposers: These are fungi and bacteria that feed an organic
remains.
5. Organization
• Based on the complexity of body organization,
body design, morphological, physiological and
genetic relationships,
• plants and animals are further classified into
subphyla, class, order and photosynthesis using
solar energy. So on
Biological Classification

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