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S A A D H A R A N A Y A
Y%S ,xldfõ mqj;am;la f,i ,shdmÈxÑ lrk ,È

jy,anfõ
m;=<g
iudch
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾ yd iduhsl flakaøfha ff;%udisl ix.%yh ñ, re 40$-
02
j;auka w¾nqoh jHjia:dodhlh jyd leojd ck;d
ksfhdað;hskag uyck mrudêm;Hh

ckjdß 8 foaYmd,k ksfhdackh lrñka wdKavqjla iE§ug

wjia:dj ,ndÈh hq;=h' tfia fkdlr
md¾,sfïka;=j l,a;eîu th m%cd;ka;%jdÈ

wNs,dYhkag msgqmEfï úfrdaë" jHjia:d úfrdaê yd kS;s úfrdaê

l%shdjla nj neÆ ne,aug fmfka' wfkla
ldrKhjkafka foaYmd,k jYfhka .;a

m%;sM,hls l< uyskao rdcmCI uhd yer fjk;a

úl,amhla fkd;snqKdo hkak ms<sn|
wdpdrOd¾ól .eg¨jh' uOHia:
Ndrldr rchla msysgùug wjYH kï
md¾,sfïka;=fõ isák uOHia: lKavdhï
jk ck;d úuqla;s fmruqK" fou< cd;sl
ikaOdkh" ta jf.au tlai;a ck;d ksoyia
ikaOdkfha uOHia: msßia" tlai;a cd;sl
mCIfha uOHia; msßia jdf.au taldnoaO
úmCIfha uOHia: msßia we;=¿ lr .ksñka
úl,am jev ms<sfj<lg hdug wjldYhla
fkd;snqkdo@ ta wkqj" uyskao rdcmCI
uy;dj f;dard.ekSu nrm;,
wdpdrOd¾ól jrola nj fmkajd Èh hq;=h'

c kdêm;s ;=ud u;=lrk wdldrhg

Tyqf.a wNsu;hg wkqj nyq;rh
,nd.; yels mqoa.,hd w.%dud;H OQrhg
mrudêm;Hhg bv ,nd§u jyd l<
hq;= nj fõ' úfYAIfhkau j¾;udk
ckdêm;sjrhd n,hg m;ajkafka
foaYmd,k yeisÍu hym;a fkdjqkS' Tyq
È.ska È.gu ms<s.;af;a .;dkq.;sl kj
,snr,a jev ms<sfj,hs' ta i|yd Tyq
m;al< yels nj m%ldY lr we;' th uyck mrudêm;Hh Ndú;d lsÍfï úiska f;dard.;a;d jQ foaYmd,k m%N+
tla me;a;lska tla woyils' wfkla m%;sM,hla f,ih' wo we;s ù ;sfnk mka;sh yd ckdêm;sjrhd w;r .egqula
w;g rks,a úl%uisxy uhd m%ldY w¾nqoh ;=< uyck mrudêm;Hh mej;=Kq nj meyeÈ,sh' fndfyda wjia:d
lrkafka md¾,sfïka;=fõ nyq;rh we;s fmkaùug kï jHjia:dodhlh jyd j,§ ckdêm;sjrhdj fkdi,ld
ks;Hdkql+, w.%dud;Hjrhd Tyq njh' leoúh hq;=h' ck;dj ish yßñka ;ud ms<s.;a jevms<sfj, ljr
fuu m%ldYk folu Tjqkag wkqj mrudêm;Hh jHjia:dodhlh ;=< isák wdldrhlska fyda f.khdug rks,a
idOdrK heZhs ie,l=j fyd;a wmg ck;d ksfhdað;hskag mjrd we;' fï úl%uisxy uy;d ;=< ;snqKq foaYmd,k
mqrjeishka úÈhg ;sfnk .eg¨j fudfydf;a§ jHjia:dodhlh jyd uqrKavqlu fï wdldrfha Nhdkl
jkafka w.%dud;Hjrhd f,i kï lrk leojd ck;d ksfhdað;hskag uyck m%;sM,hla f.k taug fya;= jQ nj
mqoa.,hd jydu md¾,sfïka;=fõ nyq;r mrudêm;Hh ksfhdackh lrñka fmkajd Èh yel' ckdêm;sjrhd fukau
n,h fmkaúh hq;=h hkak fõ' wdKavqjla iE§ug wjia:dj ,ndÈh rks,a úl%uisxy uhd ckjdß 08
hq;=h' foaYmd,k mßj¾;kh fkdi,ld yer
nyq;rh fmkaùug fkdyels jk f;la lghq;= l< nj b;d meyeÈ,sh' ck;d
ta mqoa.,hdf.a w.%dud;HNdjh fyda m;a tfia fkdlr md¾,sfïka;=j l,a;eîu wNs,dYhka j,g msgqmdñka ;u
lrk wdKavqj ks;Hdkql+, fkdjk nj th m%cd;ka;%jdÈ úfrdaë" jHjia:d foaYmd,k meje;au Wfoid fulS
meyeÈ,sh' wo mj;skafka tjeks úfrdaê yd kS;s úfrdaê l%shdjla nj kdhlhka fofokd lghq;= l< nj wo
;;a;ajhls ^2018'10'30&' fï ;;a;ajh neÆ ne,aug fmfka' wfkla we;s ù ;sfnk foaYmd,k w¾nqofhka
úi£ug kï md¾,sfïka;=j ;=< ldrKhjkafka foaYmd,k jYfhka .;a meyeÈ,s fõ' flfia jqj;a fuu
nyq;rh fmkaùu i|yd uyskao rdcmCI l< uyskao rdcmCI uhd yer fjk;a wrdðl;ajfhka .e,ùug jHjia:
uy;dg fyda rks,a úl%uisxy uy;dg úl,amhla fkd;snqKdo hkak ms<sn| dodhlhg wjia:djla ,ndÈh hq;= nj
wjia:djla ,eìh hq;=h' ta tfia jqj;a wdpdrOd¾ól .eg¨jh' uOHia: kej;;a wjOdrKh lr isáuq'
wo jk úg md¾,sfïka;=fõ ieisjdrh Ndrldr rchla msysgùug wjYH kï
wjika lr fkdjeïn¾ 16 olajd l,a md¾,sfïka;=fõ isák uOHia:
;nd we;' th jerÈ mQ¾jdo¾Yhla nj lKavdhï jk ck;d úuqla;s fmruqK"
tlfy<d m%ldY l< hq;=h' fou< cd;sl ikaOdkh" ta jf.au
ckdêm;sjrhd lghq;= l< hq;=jkafka tlai;a ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkfha
rfÜ ish¨ mqrjeishkaf.a ksfhdað;hd uOHia: msßia" tlai;a cd;sl mCIfha
f,i fõ' ckdêm;sjrhdf.a j.lSu uOHia; msßia jdf.au taldnoaO
mqrjeishka ksfhdackh lsÍuhs' tfy;a úmCIfha uOHia: msßia we;=¿ lr .
fuu isÿùula iuÕu ckdêm;sjrhdf.a ksñka úl,am jev ms<sfj<lg hdug
l%shdl,dmh lsishï md¾Yjhl wjldYhla fkd;snqkdo@ ta wkqj"
wNs,dihka fjkqfjka fmkS isàula o uyskao rdcmCI uy;dj f;dard.ekSu
hkak nrm;, ielhla u;= lrhs' nrm;, wdpdrOd¾ól jrola nj
fmkajd Èh hq;=h' , foaYmd,k l%shdOr (
ta ksid wms mqrjeishka f,i ckdêm;s pór fmf¾rd
;=udf.ka b,a,d isákafka ck;d wfkla w;g rks,a úl%uisxy uhdf.a
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
iudc iduh Wfoid nqoaêuh ixjdohlg w;aje,la - zidOdrKhZ
 03

jy,a nfõ m;=<g ljrfha

2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾ j¾I 1948 isg rg md,kh l< w¥ro¾YS
wre;
fj¿u 53 l,dm 03 md,lhka ksid wm rg jy,aNdjfha m;=,gu
m%ldYk wxl 191 lsod niskakg wdikakj we;' w,a,ig" ¥IKhg"
cd;sjdohg hg jQ foaYm,{fhda rg úkdYh lrd
we| ouk ,§' mqrjeisfhdao w;afmd,ika foñka
ks¾ud;D Tjqka miq mi .sfhdah' ±ka wm oE;a j,g ú,x.=
.re ;siai nd,iQßh msh;=ud jeà we;' Kh nr byg Wäka f.dia we;' tu
ksidu úfoaYSh wdêm%;Hkag k;=ùug wmg isÿù
;sfí' jyf,l=g úuqla;sfha uÕfmkaùu wiSre
iNdm;s fiau j;auka foaYmd,{hskao ksjy,anfõ uÕ
.re frdydka is,ajd msh;=ud olskafka ke;'
tfyhska mqrjeisfhda foaYmd,kfha kshuqjka
m%ldYkh njg m;aúh hq;=h' foaYmd,{hska ;u wkil
hg;g .; hq;=h' whqla;sh bÈßfha fkdlvjd
.re kS;s{ wfYdala iaàjka msh;=ud
y`v keÕsh hq;=h' tys,d'''''''''''
iudch yd iduhsl flakaøh
fkd' 281" ãkaia mdr mqrjeis foaYmd,kh Yla;su;a lruq æ
fld<U 10'
ish¨ u;jdo i`oyd újD; fõÈldjla
ixialdrl WmfoaYk uKav,h(
lÓldpd¾h úð;a frdydka rg jekiQ ¥IS; foaYmd,{hska miqmi fkdhuq æ
pór fmf¾rd mqrjeis foaYmd,kh
kS;s{ úkaika nq,;aisxy, Yla;su;a lruq æ
ixialrKh fuys m<ù we;s we;eï PdhdrEm wka;¾cd,fhka Wmqgd .kakd ,È
*%ekala,ska ik;a m%kdkaÿ msgqj msgqj

ixialdrl WmfoaYkh yd
msgq ie<iqï
;s<sK w,yfldaka
05 09
fld<ksfha wjidk .súiqug wkqj weußldkq yuqodjg
wf,ú iy wjia:dj fï fjoaÈ Ökh ´kEu fj,djl wfma rfÜ
m%pdrK iïnkaëlrKh úiska Wÿrd.ksñka bkakjd' N+ñh mdúÉÑ lrkak mq¿jka'
fÊ' ks,ka;s
msgqj
ÿ¾j, l<ukdldß;ajh"
msgq ieliqu yd
wlaIr ixfhdackh
w,a,ia yd ¥IKh
mj;sk rgl 14 rdcH n, wêldß
jev jiï l%ufõoh ksid
ví' wÑks ks¾u,d m%kdkaÿ

uqøKh
ixj¾Okh
isyskhls
fjkia jQ ienE nhsn,Sh
idx>Sl;ajh 26
msgqj
äfrlaÜ m%skag¾ia
318" ìh.u mdr" mÜáh ykaÈh wd¾Òl w¾nqo .fyka jegqKq rgg úm;g m;ajQjkag
le,Ksh jHjia:d w¾nqo f.dkd Wis .ekaùu ;sfnk fõokdj"
ÿr ( 077-5775365 wúYajdih iukh
úuiSï 29 msgqj lsÍug úYd, jev
idOdrKh
iudch yd iduhsl flakaøh
fkd' 281" ãkaia mdr
msgqj
35 fldgila l<
hq;=j ;sfnkjd
fld<U 10 msgqj j¾.jdohg kï
ÿr ( 2695425
40 wdfha f,dalfha
mqk¾Ôjkhla ,nkak neye
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 okõj
04
ixialdrl igyk ? m%ldYl igyk ?
jy,aNdjfhka ñ§ug mqrjeis ish¨ foaYmd,k mCI
foaYmd,kh Yla;su;a lruq' m%cd;ka;%jdÈ
j ¾I 1977 ùjD; wd¾Ólh y÷kajd§u;a iuÕu l%ufhka wm iïm%odhka /l.ekSug
rg fofjks j;djg;a hg;aúð;hla njg m;afjñka we;s
nj fkdlsjukdh' fujr wm hg;ajkafka fjf<| wdêm%;Hhg
hgùu yd Kh WÕ=,l ysrùu ;=<k s 's fï jk úg b;d iS>f
% hka
lghq;= l< hq;=h'
wm Ökfha Kh WÕ=,g yiqj we;' wfußldfõ yuqodjg ´kEu , .re kS;s{ wfYdala iaàjka msh;=ud"
fudfyd;l wm rg ;=< l|jqre n¢kakg yels jk whqßka wOHCI" CSR
.súiqï j,g t<ö we;' wm wd¾Òlfha m%Odk u¾uia:dk Ökhg"
bkaÈhdjg k;=fjñka mj;s' tfukau wmf.a N+ñh úfoaYh
iud.ï j,g k;=fjñka mj;s' f.dúhdg iskk
wjika jkjd;a iuÕu ta bvïo úfoayh
S
a lalr bvï ,nd§u
S nyqcd;sl iud.ï
m% cd;ka;j
ks;Hdkql,
% doh" jHjia:dkql, + Ndjh yd
+ Ndjhg .re lrñka mj;sk foaYmd,k
w¾nqoh úi|d.ekSug ish¨ foaYmd,k mCI lghq;= l<
veye.ekSfï wjOdkula mj;S' wm f.dúhd f.dú lïlrejka hq;= fõ' ck;d mrudêm;Hhg .relsÍu ckdêm;sjrhdf.a
njg m;aùu fkdje<elaúh yelalla jkq we;' we;uqka k.rh isg ish¨ foaYmd,k ksfhdað;hskf a .a j.lSula f,i
.d,aùuo isÿfõ' wvq jegqmlg ;u Y%uh ,ndfoñka mSä; mqrjeishka yeáhg wms úYajdi lrkafkuq' tneúka
Ôú;hla .; lsÍug kshufjñka mj;S' ±kgu;a zuEka mj¾Z w.%dud;Hjrhl= fyda wdKavj q la m;aùfï§ ck;d
jHdmdrh yryd Y%uh wvq jegqmlg iQrdlEu isÿfõ' fj<|l,dm mrudêm;Hh ;=<k s a thg iqcd;Ndjhla ,eîu
yrydo isÿjkafka thuh' wm rfÜ ldka;dfjda ueofmrÈ. rgj, m%cd;ka;j % doh w.h lrk YsIg a iudchl ,CIKhlS' ta
.Dyfiajh i|yd hñka úúO ;dvk mSvk ueo fiajh lr;s' wkqj miq.h s 26 fjksod .re ckdêm;s" nyq;rfha
we;uqka ,sx.sl n,y;aldrlï j,go hgfj;s' úYajdih Èkd.; yels mqo. a ,hd f,i ysgmq ckdêm;s
uyskoa rdcmCI uy;d m;alÍ s u tla me;a;lska olakg
tmuKla fkdj 1948 isg wm rg md,kh l< ,enqK's
kdhlhskf a .a w¥ro¾Ys md,kh" w,a,ig ¥IKhg m%uL q ;ajh §
lghq;= lsÍu" cd;sjdohg wd jeãu ksid fï rg f.dv.; fkdyels wfkla w;g" rks,a úl%uisxy uy;d ;ud nyq;rh we;s
uÜgfï w.dohlg jeà we;' rgg wdorh l< foaYmd,{fhla ks;Hdkql, + w.%dud;Hjrhd f,i m%ldY lr we;' fï
fidhd.ekSug fkdyels ;rïh' wm rg md,kh l< we;eï m%ldY folu Tjqfkdjqkg a wkqj i;H úh yel' tfy;a
foaYmd,k kdhlhska úúO l%u Ndú;d lrñka úfoaYh S .sKïq jeo.;a lreKjkafka" ljqreka jqjo jHjia:dodhlh ;=<
j, uqo,a ;ekam;a lr we;af;a rgg we;s wdorh ksido" Tjqka ;ukag nyq;rh we;s nj fmkaùu i|yd jydu lghq;=
;j ;j;a foaYmd,kh lrkakg fhduqjkafka fï rg úkdY lsÍuhs' .eg¨j we;af;a wo jk úg md¾,sfïka;=
lsÍugh' jy,a l|jqrla njg m;alÍ s ugh' ieisjdrh wjika lr 2018'11'16 olajd l,a ;eîuh' th
neÆ ne,aug m%cd;ka;j% dÈ úfrdaê" jHjia:d úfrdaê"
j;auka hymd,k rcho f.khkafka miq.h s uyskoa ks;Hdkql, + fkdjk l%hs djla nj ks.ukh l< yel'
rdcmCI rcfha m%;m s ;a;us h' fjkilg we;af;a iqÿjEka th úfYAIfhkau ck;d mrudêm;Hh W÷rd .ekSulS'
ixialD;shla fkdue;sùu muKs' fï jk úg wm rfÜ tal
mqo.
a , Kh nr remsh,a ,CI my blaujd we;' j¾;udkfhaoS jHjia:dodhlh uÕsk"a ck;d ksfhdað;hskg a
Kh yd Kh fmd,s f.ùug Kh ,nd.; hq;= ;;a;j a hlg rg mrudêm;Hh mjrd we;' tneúka w.ue;sjrhd yd
m;aj we;' fï ;=<k s a wms kej;;a úfoaYh S wdêm%;Hg hgù wdKavjq g ks;Hdkql, + Ndjhla ,efnkafka ck;d
yudrh' mqrjeishka jYfhka wiSñ; mdßfNdack rgdjlg mrudêm;Hhg wkqj ,efnk nyq;rhlsk's ckdêm;sjrhd
yqrùu ksid Tjqyq fjf<|fmd, wdêm%;Hfha jy¨ka njg m;aj md¾,sfïka;j = l,a;eîu" tlS m%cd;ka;j % dÈ uQ,O¾u
we;' iudcfha idrO¾u msßfyñka mj;S' fï iuia;h ;=< wm W,a,x.kh lr we;s njla fmfka' §¾> ld,hla wm
.uka .kafka jy,aNdjhlg fkdfõo@ bkañ§u i|yd mqrjeis /l.;a m%cd;ka;j % d§ foaYmd,k iïm%odhka" úfYaIfhkau
foaYmd,kh Yla;u s ;a úh hq;h = ' j;auka foaYm,{hkaf. ckjdß 08 foaYmd,k mßj¾;kfhka wfmaCId l<
a miq mi fkdhñka rg;=< kj foaYmd,k foaYmd,k ixialD;sh;a tuÕska n,m;, f,i yE,a¨jg
jHdmdrhla f.dvkeÕSug mqrjeisfhda ,la lr we;' wfkla w;g cd;Hka;rho Y%S ,xldj ms<n s |
m%uL q ;ajh .; hq;h = z fjkia úhq hq;= ;eka ksfYAOkSh m%;rs Emhla we;s lsÍug fya;j = kq we;' fï
ms<n s | fidhdne,Su i|yd mqrjeis lÓldjla ;;a;ja h ;=< jydu md¾,sfïka;j = le|jd nyq;rh we;s
wdrïN úh hq;h = ' lKavdhug wdKavj q la msyg
s ùug wjia:dj ,ndfok f,i
ckdêm;sjrhdf.ka mqrjeishka jk wms b,a,d isáuq'

*%ekala,ska ik;a m%kdkaÿ iÕrdfõ m<jk ,smsj, j.lSu f,aLl$f,aÅldjka i;=fõ'

zzidOdrKhZZ iudc iduh Wfoid iy i;Hhg jQ f;da;ekakls' hqla;sh"
idOdrK;ajh yd hy md,kh Wfoid y`v k`.k úu¾Ykd;aul ixjdoYS,s
újrKhls' fuu`.ska ck;d ú{dkh" wjfndaOh mq¿,a flfrk hy
md,kfhka hq;a foaYhla f.dvke.Su i`oyd fm< .efik fufyjrlg
odhlùug Tngo wdrdOkd flf¾''''
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 05
fld<ksfha wjidk
wjia:dj fï fjoaÈ Ökh
úiska Wÿrd.ksñka bkakjd'
we;a;gu wms fldfydu;a fld<kshla'
wms okakjd uq,skau mD;=.SiSkag 1505 §
uqyqÿ;Srh hg;a jQjdhska miq tla tla
rgj,g wjYH foaj,a ;uhs wms lghq;= lrñka
bkafka' ta yskaod ld,l§ mD;=.SiSkag"
,kafoaiSkag" bx.%SiSkag jdf.au fï fjoaÈ
weußldkq ms,a<shla njg m;a fj,d ;sfhkjd'
±ka th Ök ms,a<shla njg m;afjñka
udrefjñka ;sfhkjd' tal ;ud wo isÿfjñk
mj;skafka' flfia fj;;a wjqreÿ 500la muK
b|ka fld<kshla njg wm m;afj,d isákjd'
,xldfõ N+ñh" mi" ffcj úúO;ajh" udkj
iudch" wOHdmkh" ixialD;sh wdrCIdjk jev
ms<sfj,la fjkqjg fï fld<kshlg wjYH
fld<kSlrKh" talg wjYH jevms<sfj, ;ud
wo yoñka bkafka' talg wjYH wOHdmkh mjd
ks¾udKh fjñka bkakjd' úfoaYslhskag oka§u
;ud isÿjkafka' ish¨ iïm;a úl=Kkak lghq;=
lrkjd' ;=kaish yegmia ojfiu ysre t<sh
;sfhkjd" jeiai ;sfhkjd" fnda. jefjkjd' fiao udjf;a tla t<d ;sfhkafka' ta
ixÈia:dkhla ,xldj kj fiao udj;
tfia ;sfhoaÈ;a wdydr ke;=j ñksiaiq
njg m;afjkjd' mokï lr.;a Ök
ukaofmdaIKfhka fmf<kafka iajNdúl iïm;a fya;=j ;ud ,xldfõ wd¾Ól ie,eiau'

fia
´k;rï ;sfhoaÈ fï rg ÿmam;afj,d o udj; ;sfhk fmda¾Ü isáh hqfrdamShka úiska
;sfhkafk;a fld<kshla ksihs' fld<ksfha yryd ke;a;ï jrdh k.rh ;ukaf.a rgj,a j,g
wjidk wjia:dj fï fjoaÈ Ökh f.dvkef.k wd¾Ól fï fiao udjf;a tla iïm;a iQrdlEug
úiska Wÿrd.ksñka bkakjd' m%jk;djh fï jk ixÈia:dkhla njg ;=kajk f,dalfha
úg l=uk uÜgul m;afjkjd' t;fldg rgj,a Ndú;d l<d
mj;skafka o@ th f,dalfha fukau wo oji fjoaÈ
udkj j¾.hdg úfYAIfhkau ''''''''''''' Bg jeäh tyd .sh
n,mdk wdldrh jrdh k.r wo fjoaÈ hqfrdamSh rgj,a mjd
fln÷o@ Ñkh úiska w;am;a Ök wd¾Òlh .%yKh
lrf.k ;sfhkjd' lr .ksñka Ökh fï
we;a;gu wms tl WodyrKhla wd¾Ól uxfld,a,
.;af;d;a fiao udj;" jYfhka .;af;d;a lEu isoaolrñka
mrK fiao udj; flda,d,dïmQ¾ rfÜ bkakjd'
fj<|du Wfoidu ;sfhk jrdh;a"
ks¾udKh jQj;a" ta ,xldfõ ;sfhk tafla fyd|u
jf.au w¨;ska yïnkaf;dg jrdh;a" WodyrKh ;ud Y%S
ks¾udKh lrk fiao fld<U jrdh wY%S;j ,dxlSh WodyrKh'
udj; mgka .kafka ;ud fmda¾Ü isá fmda¾Ü isá jHdmD;sh
b;d,sfha jeksia ks¾udKh jkafka' yryd wlalr 600l
kqjßka' t;kska b;d,sfha jeksia kqjr N+ñ m%udKhla uqyqfoa
mgkaf.k ;sfhk hqfrdamh f.dv lr,d fld<U
flda,d,dïmQ¾ olajd mokï lr .;a jrdh jrdhg wdY%S;j k.
rùkaø ldßhjiï Èfjk Ökfha kj
fiao udj; ;ud
fïjd mokï lrf.k
;ud we;a;gu Ökfha
rhla ks¾udKh
lrkjd' ta k.rh
mßirfõ§
ks¾udKh jkafka' kj wd¾Ól ie,eiau ks¾udKh l< miqj"
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
06
ta m%foaYfha ±kgu;a isiagïZZ tlg mjd wo mßirh úkdY lsÍug
ëjrhl=g uiqka we,a,Su fjoaÈ tfia Kh §,d" ta Ökhg bv§u" Ök
isÿlsÍug neß ;;a;ajhla Kh WÕ=,a j,g Tjqkaj wêrdcHjdoh jHdma;
ks¾udKh fj,d yiqlrf.k bkakjd' ta lsÍu iy Ök wd¾Ólhg
;sfhkjd' ëjrhkag ta Kh WÕ=,a j,g yiqlr wjYH úÈhg wm yeisrùu
i|yd hkak fokafka .ekSfï m%jK;djh ksid lshk fï ldrKd wo jk
keye' fojk ldrKh iudch jYfhka Ökhg úg fydÈka isÿ fjñka
;ud fï wd¾Ólh k;=fjÉp rgj,a wo ;sfnkjd' bkaoshdfõ Wv
úfYAIfhkau fld<U f,dalfha ìysfjkak mgka ;sfhk áfnÜ rg;a"
;sfhk wd¾Òlh Ökh wrka ;sfhkjd' ta jf.au ,xldfõ ;sfhk jrdh
úiska yiqrjñka bkakjd' mßird;aulj Ökh úiska k.rh;a" Ñkhg nÿ §u
jrdh yeisrùfï l%shdjka" mßir iïm;a uxfld,a, ;=<ska Ök rch l%ufhka
fï fjoaÈ yïnkaf;dg lñka bkakjd' ta mßir bkaÈhdjo ;ukaf.a
jrdh Ökh w;am;a lr iïm;a uxfld,a, lEu .%yKhg k;= lr .ekSfï
.;a;d' fld<U jrdh ,xldj Èyd n,oaÈ wmsg wjOdkula ;sfnkjd'
yeisrùfï l%Shdj,shg fndfydau meyeÈ,sj
Ökh w;.y,d ;sfhkjd' fmakak ;sfhkjd' tlla ,xldj lshkafka wdrCIl
ta yskaod ,xldfõ úfoaY ;ud yïnkaf;dg jrdh' w;ska f,dalhg jeo.;a
wd¾Ólh yd foaYSh ta jf.au jrdh k.rhg ia:dkhla' yïnkaf;dg
wd¾Òlh yeisrùfï wjYH mßir iïm;a jrdh Ökhg mejrejd' ta
l%shdj,sh ,xldfõ wo iQrdlEu fndfydau fydo jf.au jrdh k.rh
fjoaÈ Ökh w;am;a úÈhg isoaOfjñka wdY%s;j ;sfhk Ök
lr.ksñka bkakjd' mj;skjd' ud¾. ks¾udKh ;s;afmd," fmda¾Ü isáh
Ökhg wjYH úÈhg ;ud lrkak wjYH iïm;a fï úÈhg Tjqka ,xldj
,xldfõ wd¾Ólh f.akafka Ökfhka' wms ;=< Ök n,fldgq
l%shd;aul fjkafka' Ökfhka Kh .kakjd' yodf.k' ta n,fldgq yod
miq.sh rch;a j;auka Y%ñlhska" bxðfkarejkao .ekSu ;=<ska iuia; ol=Kq
rch;a ,xldfõ wd¾Ólh Ökfhka f.fkkjd' ta wdishdjgu ;¾ckhla
Ökhg >d;kh lrkak Kfhkau wms wdmiq njg m;afj,d ;sfhkjd'
fmda¾Ü isá jHdmD;sh
bv§ ;sfnk ;;a;ajhla Y%ñlhskag f.jkjd' ta ta yskaod cd;Hka;r
yryd wlalr 600l N+ñ ;uhs wmg ±l.kak jf.au wms wrf.k wdrCIl kS;s mjd wo lv
m%udKhla uqyqfoa f.dv mq¿jka fjkafka' ;sfnk Kh wdmiq lrñka Ökh ;ukaf.a
lr,d fld<U jrdhg wdY%S;j f.jkjd' ta ksid wms iEu n,h k;= lrf.k
k.rhla ks¾udKh lrkjd' ta ta úÈhg Ökh f,dalfhaa fudfyd;lu rgla úÈhg bkakjd ,xldfõ
k.rh ks¾udKh l< miqj" ta flda,d,dïmq¾ j, fõjd" Ñk wd¾Òlh fmdaIKh uqyqo ;=<'
m%foaYfha ±kgu;a ëjrhl=g uiqka b;d,sfha fyda fõjd" lrñka isákjd' wo jk
we,a,Su isÿlsÍug neß ;;a;ajhla wm%sldkq rgj,a j, fyda úg mßir iïm;a Ök Ökh Kh § mSvdjg m;a
fõjd" ta rg j, wd¾Òlh wd¾Òlh fmdaIKh lrf.k ;sfnk wksl=;a
ks¾udKh fj,d ;sfhkjd'
>d;kh lrñka bkakjd' lrkak k;= lruka rgj,a fudKjdo@ tu
ëjrhkag ta i|yd hkak fokafka Ök wêrdcHh úiska bkakjd' WodyrKhla rgj,a fï jk úg
keye' fojk ldrKh ;ud fï WodyrKhla úÈhg wms .;af;d;a" ,xldj jfÜ N=la;súÈk mSvdjka
wd¾Ólh úfYAIfhkau fld<U .;af;d;aa" hqfrdamSh rgj, yefok wêfõ.S ud¾. ljf¾o@
;sfhk wd¾Òlh Ökh úiska tl ojilg wdishdkq moaO;sh Ökfha
yiqrjñka bkakjd' jrdh mqoa.,hl=g fiajh ueÈy;aùfuka ;ud we;a;ug wms okakjd
yeisrùfï l%shdjka" fï fjoaÈ lrkjdg hQfrda 50la muK fndfyda ;eka j, fyd|u WodyrKh ;ud
yïnkaf;dg jrdh Ökh w;am;a f.jkjd' kuq;a Ökfha flfrkafka' t;fldg fydkaähqrdia
Y%ñlfhda hQfrda 20lg Tjqkaf.a Kh f.jkjd (Hondiyuras) j,
lr .;a;d' fld<U jrdh muK bÈßm;a fjkjd' jdf.au Tjqkaf.a wd¾Òlh mßirfõÈkshla >d;kh
yeisrùfï l%Shdj,shg Ökh tfia fiajh ,nd fooa§ Yla;su;a lrñka fï lrkjd 2016 jif¾' 2016
w;.y,d ;sfhkjd' ta yskaod Tjqkag Ôj;afjkak mßir moaê;sh;a Tjqkag jif¾ mßirfõÈksh
,xldfõ úfoaY wd¾Ólh yd foaYSh Ökakq;a ta Y%ñlhskag k;= lrñka bkak .uka >d;kh lrkafka
wd¾Òlh yeisrùfï l%shdj,sh f.ùula lrkjd' Ök cd;slhskag wm rg fydkaähqrdia j, bvï
,xldfõ wo fjoaÈ Ökh w;am;a t;fldg wvq jegqmlg f;da;ekakla njg m;alr uxfld,a, lEfï
lr.ksñka bkakjd' Ökhg wjYH fiajh ,nd§,d ta fj<| ;sfnkjd' fuys mÈxÑ m%;sm,hla
Wml%uh Ndú;d lr,d lsÍï lrkak" Tjqkaf.a f,i Ñk iud.ï j,g
úÈhg ;ud ,xldfõ wd¾Ólh
fj<|m<" fj<| l%uh jdiia:dk ìyslrkak iy úreoaO ùu ksihs' äfkda
l%shd;aul fjkafka' miq.sh rch;a w,a,d .ekSu ;ud Tjqka Ök /lshd úrys; jQjkag yhsfv%da lshk iud.u
j;auka rch;a ,xldfõ wd¾Ólh lrkafka' Ökh /lshd ,ndfok ;ekla ;ud fydkaähqrdia j,
Ökhg >d;kh lrkak bv§ weußldjg mjd wo fjoaÈ njg wo wm rg bvï uxfld,a,h isÿ
;sfnk ;;a;ajhla ;uhs Kh §,d ;sfhkjd' Ökh m;alrf.k ;sfnkjd' ta lrkafka iy
wmg ±l.kak mq¿jka weußldfõ ;sfhk ksid Ök wd¾Ólh mßirfõÈksh >d;khg
zzÜre;a uefkaÊukaÜ f.dvke.Su" ,xldfõ wjYH moku ilikafka'
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 07
tal fndfydau iel iys; lsh,d f,dalhg yels wjYH kï úlsKSug
>d;khla' fï iud.u fmkajkak' yelshdjla ;sfhk bvu
úiska wehj >d;kh kuq;a ;ukaf.a ie,iqï Tmamq rch úiska
l<dh lshk tl ;ud wo u; ;uhs hqfrdamfha ,ndfokjd' fuh f.dú
fjoaÈ fmakak ;sfhk ;ukaf.a ixj¾Ok ck;djf.a wkd.;hg
ldrKh fydkaähqrdia j,' lghq;=" weußldj l=uK n,mEula we;s
ol=Kq weußldj" n%iS,h" wudkqISh ixj¾Ok lrdúo@
wdcxákdj" wm%sldkq rgj,a lghq;= isoaO lf<a' ta
j, iy wdishdfõ jf.au Ökh ;ukaf.a wms okakjd fudr.y yd
,xldfõ hk rgj,a wo ixj¾Ok lghq;= i|yd l¿ .Õ c,dY%hka
fjoaos Ökhg k;=fjñka ´kEu lemlsÍula lrkak" yefokafka we<yerg
;sfhkjd' tafla m%;sm,hla ´kEu fohla lrkak Wäka' we<yer lshkafka
f,i fydkaähqrdia j, n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd' ta fmdf<dkakrejg c,h
ñks urmq ãfkda yhsfv%da ksid fydkaähqrdia ta yrjmq we< ;sfhkafka
iud.u ,xldfõ l¿ .Õ WodyrKh jk udkj t;ek' taflka ;ud
jHdmD;sh iy fudr.y >d;kfha mgka ,xldfõ .sß;f,a" ñkafkaßh"
lka| jHdmD;sh fjkqfjka isÿ jk mdßißl >d;kh lõvq,a," fjkardil=,ï"
Tjqka bÈlsÍfï iud.ula olajd iudÔh yd mdßißl lka;f,a lshk fï uyd
yeáhg ,xldjg weú,a,d >d;khka lshk fï jeõ j,g j;=r hkafka'
;sfhkjd' fï f,dal folu iy iuia; f,dal fï uyd jeõ j,g j;=r
jHdma; Ök iud.ï j, f.da,h >d;kh lsÍfï hkak ;sfhk j;=r ;ud
fm!oa.,sl whs;sldrfhda ie,eiau Ökh k;= lr fudr.ylkao yd l¿ .Õ
keye' fïjdfha .ksñka ;sfhkjd' ta Tjqka yo,d by< we< yer
whs;sldrfhda jkafka Ök fï ie,eiau yodf.k Tiaafia oUq,a,g yrj,d
rch' ta ksid Ök rch ;sfhkafka ;ukaf.a oUq,af,ka W;=re ueo jdß
fïjdg j.lshkak ´kd' wd¾Òlh ÈhqKq lr .ekSu we< Tiafia hdmkhg
ud fmrÈ lsõjd jdf.a iy f,dal n, wr.,h yrjkak yokafka'
ãfkda yhsfv%da lshk fjkqfjka weußldj" iïmQ¾Kfhkau fï jev ,xldj jfÜ yefok
iud.u ol=Kq weußldfõ úhÜkduh hqoaO l<d ms<sfj, bjr jqKdhska wêfõ.S ud¾. moaO;sh
fydkaähqrdia j, jf.a cmdkfha ysfrdaIsud miafia fmdf<dkakrejg" Ökfha ueÈy;aùfuka ;ud fndfyda
mqoa.,hka >d;kh lr,d k.rhg fndaïn fy¿jd wkqrdOmqrhg j;=r ysÕ ;eka j, flfrkafka' t;fldg
bvï uxfld,a, lk jf.a hqfrdamhg fojk fjkjd' t;fldg fou<
;ekg m;a lr.;a; f,dal uyd hqoaOfha§ Tjqkaf.a Kh f.jkjd jdf.au
iy isxy, .egqulaa we;s
wdh;kh wms rgla fndaïn .y, úkdY l<d ùfï ±jeka; wjOdkula Tjqkaf.a wd¾Òlh Yla;su;a lrñka
yeáhg je<|f.k bv§,d jf.a fndaïn .y,d úkdY ;sfhkjd' fï W;=re ueo fï mßir moaê;sh;a Tjqkag k;=
;sfhkjd fudr.ylkao lrkafka ke;s jqK;a jdß we< yryd' wms lrñka bkak .uka Ök cd;slhskag
iy l¿ .Õ jHdmD;sh fjk;a l%uhlg mßirh" lshkafka hdmkfha øúv wm rg f;da;ekakla njg m;alr
lrkak' ta yskaod Ökfha udkj iudch" ixialD;sh ck;djg c,h ,ndfokak ;sfnkjd' fuys mÈxÑ lsÍï
;sfhk iud.ï ta rgj,a fï ish,a, úkdY lrñka ´kd' ta j;=r §u lrkak" Tjqkaf.a jdiia:dk
j,ska t,jmq iud.ï wo bkakjd' ta fjkqfjka fjkqfjka lrkak ìyslrkak iy Ök /lshd úrys;
fjoaÈ wm%sldkq rgj,;a" Tjqka lemlsÍï lskï ;sfhkakfka fhdaO jej"
wdishdkq rgj,;a ia:dms; wdldrfhka fyda ta wdY%s; l=¿ jeõ moaO;sh" jQjkag /lshd ,ndfok ;ekla
fjñka ;sfhkjd' flfrkjd' Tjqkaf.a ryia l,mq ne£ï" Tjqkaf.a njg wo wm rg m;alrf.k
T;a;= fiajdjka ta ;snqkq ixialD;sl c, ;sfnkjd' ta ksid Ök wd¾Ólh
fuu f,dal wd¾Ól fjkqfjka l%shd;aul wdrCId lr .ekSfï l%u f.dvke.Su" ,xldfõ mßirh
m%jk;djh udkj j¾. fj,d ;sfhkjd wo fjoaÈ' wdrCId lr,d tajd jeä úkdY lsÍug Ökhg bv§u" Ök
hdf.a meje;aug" ta jf.au Ökh wo jk ÈhqKq lrkak' l,mq wêrdcHjdoh jHdma; lsÍu iy
úuqla;shg yd Ôj;aùug úg ;u rgg k;= jk rg ydrkak' ´,.ï jeõ" l=¿ Ök wd¾Ólhg wjYH úÈhg wm
l=uK wdldrfhka j,g Ök wOHdmkh jeõ moaO;sh ksrudKh
yeisrùu lshk fï ldrKd wo jk
n,mEu;a t,a, lrdúo@ ,ndfoñka isákjd' lrkak yd mqrdK jeõ
,xldfõ úYaj úoHd, moaO;sh ia:dms; lrkak úg fydÈka isÿ fjñka ;sfnkjd'
we;a;gu Ökh lshkafka" j,ska fndfyda msßia mq¿jkakï hdmkhg bkaoshdfõ Wv ;sfhk áfnÜ rg;a"
wms okakjd ó<Õ Ökhg hjñka isákjd wjYH c,h imhkak ,xldfõ ;sfhk jrdh k.rh;a"
foaYmd,k" wd¾Ól mqyqKq lsÍu fjkqfjka yels fjkjd' kuq;a c,h Ñkhg nÿ §u ;=<ska Ök rch
n,j;d njg m;aùfï ;ukaf.a bÈß wd¾Ól hdmkhg ta úÈhg fokak l%ufhka bkaÈhdjg ;ukaf.a
wjYH;djfhka lghq;= ie,iqï Wfoid' W;aiy lrkafka ke;=j .%yKhg k;= lr .ekSfï
lrk rgla' weußldjg we< yeßka wjOdkula ;sfnkjd'
fyda hqfrdamhg ;ukag fudr.ylkao fmdf<dkakrejg hkak
ie,iqula ;snqKd tlai;a c,dfhdackd l%uh ;sfhk j;=r ál
cd;Skaf.a ixúOdk f.dvkefÕñka mj;skjd' hdmkhg yrjmqjdu
msysgjdf.k udkj ysñlï ta jf.au f.ú ck;djg wkqrdOmqr"
wdrCId l< hq;= hehs nexl=jlska Khla .; fmdf<dkakrej m%foaYfha
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
08
f.dú ck;djg c,h ysÕ m<uqj isxy, ck;djg ish¨ iïm;a úl=Kkak
fjkjd' ta ksidu kej;;a úlsKsh yels bvï yd lghq;= lrkjd' ;=kaish
isxy, f.dú ck;dj Tmamq §,d f.dùkaf.au yegmia ojfiu ysre t<sh
yd fou< ck;dj w;r ud¾.fhka bvï úl=Kk ;sfhkjd" jeiai
.egqula we;s ùfï ±jeka; ;ekg m;a lrk tl ;sfhkjd" fnda.
wjOdkula ;sfhkjd' th isÿfõù' ta jf.au b;=re jefjkjd' tfia ;sfhoaÈ;a
wm lshkafka le<E álla Ök fyda wdydr ke;=j ñksiaiq
wkdjrKhla yeáhghs' fjk;a iud.ï j,g §fï ukaofmdaIKfhka
wjqreÿ 30la muK hk jev ms<sfj< ;uhs fï fmf<kafka iajNdúl
fldg ta ;;a;ajh W.% úh l%shd;aul fjkafka' iïm;a ´k;rï ;sfhoaÈ
yelshs' fï rg ÿmam;afj,d
Ökhg yïnkaf;dg ;sfhkafk;a fld<kshla
f.dú ck;djg jrdh § ;sfnkjd' fmdaÜ ksihs' fld<ksfha wjidk
j¾;udkfha ,ndfok isá jHdmD;sh ;=<ska wjia:dj fï fjoaÈ Ökh
bvï Tmamq úlsKSug uqyqÈka bvula ,efnkjd' úiska Wÿrd.ksñka
jqK;a yelslula u;a;, .=jkaf;dgqm<" bkakjd'
;sfhkjd' fudr.ylkao" ;%Sl=Kdu,h f;,a gexlsh
l¿.Õ c, fhdackd l%u bkaÈhdjg §fï iQodkula
f.dvkefÕkjd' ;sfnkjd' fvda,a iud.ug Ökh fyda fjk;a rgla"
f.dúhdg f.dú;eka bvï ,nd § ;sfnkjd' wfma md¾,sfïka;=j fyda
lsÍug wjYH iyh fuf,i rfÜ iïm;a md,k wêldßh fufyh
l%ufhka úhelS hkjd' fjk;a rgj,a j,g jk ;;a;ajhla
u;= Èkhl f.dúhdf.a ,nd§u ;=< Th l;d wkd.;fha we;s fõo@
fydkaähqrdia N+ñh Tjqkag wysñùfï lrk iaffjÍ njg"
(Hondiyuras) j, wjOdkula mj;skjdo@ fN!ñl wLKav;djhg ±kgu;a tal fufyhjñka
f.dú lïlrejka njg l=ula fjhso@ l%ufhka ;sfhkjd' wfma rfÜ
mßirfõÈkshla >d;kh
m;aùfï wjOdkula fldf<dkshla njg ckdêm;s jrhd mjd Ök
lrkjd 2016 jif¾' 2016 jif¾ mj;skjdo@ m;afjhso@ rch fufyhùfuka ;uhs
mßirfõÈksh >d;kh lrkafka l%Shd;auljkafka' ta wkqj
fydkaähqrdia j, bvï uxfld,a, W;=re ueo jdß we< we;a;gu wms fldfydu;a ;ud miq .sh Pkao ld,fha
lEfï m%;sm,hla f,i Ñk iud. yefokafkau f.dùkag fld<kshla' wms okakjd § fmd¾Ü isá jHdmD;sh
ï j,g úreoaO ùu ksihs' äfkda j;=r§ug fkdfõ' Tjqka uq,skau mD;=.SiSkag 1505 § kj;a;kjdh lshd lSj;a
yhsfv%da lshk iud.u ;ud lshkjd jeõ 1000la uqyqÿ;Srh hg;a jQjdhska tal lr .kak nerej
fydkaähqrdia j, bvï fm!oa.,SlrKh lrñka ta miq tla tla rgj,g .sfha' Ök rch úiska
jeõ 1000 hgf;a lDIs wjYH foaj,a ;uhs wms ,xldfõ rch yd
uxfld,a,h isÿ lrkafka iy fnda. ksrudKh lrkak lghq;= lrñka bkafka' ta ckdêm;sjrhd
mßirfõÈksh >d;khg wjYH ke;akï fj<| fnda. yskaod ld,l§ mD;=.SiSkag" fufyhjk ksihs' tal
moku ilikafka' tal fndfydau j.dlrkak wjYH jev ,kafoaiSkag" bx.%SiSkag fndfydu meyeÈ,sj lrk
iel iys; >d;khla' fï iud.u ms<sfj< yokjd lsh,d' ta jdf.au fï fjoaÈ ldrKhla' wo ojfia §
úiska wehj >d;kh l<dh lshk wkqj ;uhs bvï ,nd §u weußldkq ms,a<shla njg ffu;%Smd, isßfiak
tl ;ud wo fjoaÈ fmakak ;sfhk ta wdYs%;j isoaOfjkafka' m;a fj,d ;sfhkjd' ±ka ckdêm;sjrhdg fyda
ldrKh fydkaähqrdia j,' ol=Kq úl=Kkak mq¿jka bvul th Ök ms,a<shla njg rks,a úl%uisxy w.
whs;sh f.dùkag ÿkak m;afjñka udrefjñka ue;sjrhdg wjYH foa
weußldj" n%iS,h" wdcxákdj"
.uka Tjqkaf.a ;sfhk ;sfhkjd' tal ;ud wo fkdfjhs Ök rchg
wm%sldkq rgj,a j, iy wdishdfõ Ôjk m%Yak;a tlal isÿfjñk mj;skafka' wjYH foa ;uhs ,xldj
,xldfõ hk rgj,a wo fjoaos ;ukaf.a bvï Ök flfia fj;;a wjqreÿ ;=< isÿjkafka'
Ökhg k;=fjñka ;sfhkjd' tafla cd;Skag fyda fjk;a 500la muK boka
m%;sm,hla f,i fydkaähqrdia j, iud.ï j,g úlsKSfï fld<kshla njg wm
ñks urmq ãfkda yhsfv%da iud.u wjOdkula ;sfhkjd' ta m;afj,d isákjd'
,xldfõ l¿ .Õ jHdmD;sh iy wjOdku ±kf.ku ;ud ,xldfõ N+ñh" mi" ffcj
fudr.y lka| jHdmD;sh rchka fïjd lrkafka' úúO;ajh" udkj iudch"
msgrg iud.ï j,g ±ka" wOHdmkh" ixialD;sh
fjkqfjka Tjqka bÈlsÍfï
lka;f,a Wla jeõjd wdrCIdjk jev ms<sfj,la
iud.ula yeáhg ,xldjg jdf.a fjk;a m%foaY j, fjkqjg fï fld<kshlg
weú,a,d ;sfhkjd' fï f,dal flfi,a yokjd jdf.a wjYH fld<kSlrKh"
jHdma; Ök iud.ï j, bvï úlsKSfï yd talg wjYH jevms<sfj,
fm!oa.,sl whs;sldrfhda keye' mejÍfï yelshdj u; ;ud wo yoñka bkafka'
fïjdfha whs;sldrfhda nyqcd;sl iud.ï j,g talg wjYH wOHdmkh , idlÉPd lf<a (
jkafka Ök rch' ta ksid wjYH bvï ,ndf§fï mjd ks¾udKh fjñka
l%shdj,sh ;uhs wo fjoaÈ bkakjd' úfoaYslhskag ik;a m%kdkaÿ
Ök rch fïjdg
fï l%shd;aul fjkafka' oka§u ;ud isÿjkafka'
j.lshkak ´kd'
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 09

.súiqug wkqj weußldkq yuqodjg

´kEu fj,djl wfma rfÜ
N+ñh mdúÉÑ lrkak mq¿jka'
f.daGdNh rdcmCI iy weußldkq
;dkdm;sjrhd w;r wdrCIl yria
fiajd .súiqula w;aika lr,d
;sfhkafka' ta" 2007 ud¾;= udfiaÈ' ta .súiqug
wkqj weußldkq yuqodjg ´kEu fj,djl
wfma rfÜ N+ñh mdúÉÑ lrkak mq¿jka' ta
isák ld,h ;==< b÷ï ysgqï" we÷ï me,÷ï"
lEu îu ish,a,la u ,xldfõ wdKavqj
imhkak ´fka' ta jf.au ;uhs wfma
yuqodjg;a mq¿jks weußldfõ lEïma tlla
mgka.kak' ta bkak ld,h ;=<§ weußldj
wfma yuqodjg ta ish¨ myiqlï imhkjd'
kuq;a" fï cSú;hgj;a wms weußldjg .sysx
l|jqre .ykafk keye' weußlka wd¾ñ
tflg ,xldjg tkak bv yo,d ;sfhkjd'
fïl meyeÈ<sj u wfma rfÜ iaffjÍ;ajhg
;¾ckhla' fï wdKavqjg ;snqKd ta .súiqu
fplam;a lsysmhl keye lsh,d ksYaÑ;j
wfydais lrkak' kuq;a tfia fkdlr miq.sh
wxl .ek fï lsh,d keye' fjk
jif¾È jir 10 iïmq¾K l<dg miqj fjkfldg;a fy<sorõ fjk l:d lshd
fï wdKavqj ta .súiqu w¨;a l<d' fj,d ;sfhkjd' tajd ;sfnkjd' ta ksid
uE ;§ ksõfhd¾la
iÕrdj yryd
h<s u;=jqKq uQ,H
wms md¾,sfïka;=fj;a
wms bÈßm;a l<d' fï
b;d meyeÈ<shs uqo,a
.ekSula isoaOfj,d
fjk ;=re tajd ;sfhkjd' ta ms<sn|
jxpdj .ek Tfí ms<sn|j uyskao lreKq " idCIs fï
woyi l=ula o@ rdcmCIj;a fjk;a fjkfldg;a fy<sorõ
lsisfjla fyda fj,d ;sfhkjd' ±ka
2015 § ta m%;sfCIam lr,d wdKavqfõ j.lSu
iïnkaOfhka iS'whs'ã keye' b;du ;uhs kslx l:d
fhka ^wmrdO meyeÈ<sj wr,sh.yd lrlr lhsjdre
úu¾Yk ukaÈrfha udÈfj, ke;sj fïjd ms<sn|j
fomd¾;fïka;=j& lshk mqoa.,hdg;a ks;HdKQl+,
mÍCIKhla wdrïN ;j;a tla l%shdud¾. .ekSu'
l<d' ta mÍCIK mqoa.,fhl=g;a
jd¾;d wkqj" b;du ,ndÿka nj iS'whs'ã j;auka rcfha jxpd
meyeÈ<sj phskd lgW;a;rj, yd ¥IK ;;a;ajhka
ydn¾ fldïmeksfhka ;sfnkjd' th wms ms<sn|j Tfí
fpla m;a u.ska uqo,a ±kgu;a bÈßm;a ks.ukh l=ula o@
ÿkakd lsh,d lr,d ;sfhkjd' ta
;sfhkjd' phskd iïnkaOfhka mej;s Tõæ fï wh n,hg
ydn¾ tfla ta .sKqu újdohg uyskao wdfõ fydre
mj;ajdf.k hk rdcmCI uy;auhd w,a,kjd" fydrlï
.sKqï wxlh ta jf.au wdfj;a keye" k;r lrkjd iy
2014 foieïn¾ udfia" fydrekag o~qjï
úð; fyar;a 2015 ckjdß 07
fldhshïu
fj,djlj;a tfia fokjd lsh,d' kuq;a
ck;d úuqla;s fmruqfKa md¾,sfïka;= uka;%S fjksod ,nd§mq ta tllaj;a lf<a
uqo,a ,nd.;af;a
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
10
keye' fï wh;a wdj.uka fkdfrdÉfpdaf,a ;sfnkjd' cd;sl
u kej;;a fydrlï .,awÕ=re Öfkg wdrCIdj;a ;¾ckhg
lrkak mgka .;a;d' hkdÈ jYfhka ,lafjk njhs' ta jf.a
wêfõ.S ud¾. yooaÈ" Y%S ,xldfõ wd¾Òl ;;a;ajhlg fï wdKavqj
mrK jHmD;s w¨;a lroaos u¾uia:dk úfoaYSh ck;dj;a rg;a m;alr,d
fï wh;a mrK fi,a,u rdcHhka i;=fjkfldg ;sfnkjd'
u mgka .;a;d' we;af;ka fï rfÜ by<ska
u" ñksiaiq ;=< l:dlrk rfÜ Th lshk wdldrfhka
n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla iaffjÍNdjhg" fN!ól tlS rdcHhka úiska
;snqKd w,q;a wdKavqj wLKav;djhg fudlo wkd.;fhaÈ Y%S ,xldfõ
weú,a,d fï l%ufõo fjkafka @ md,k n,h jl%j w;g
kj;ajhs lsh,d kuq;a .kSúo @
isoaOjqfKa iqmqreÿ úêhg we;a;gu" fï wdKavqj
u fydrlu jeäfjÉp wd¾Òl jYfhka fï rg ±kgu;a f.daGdNh
tlhs' tod mjqf,a fydre f.dvkÕkak wiu;a' rdcmCI iy weußldkq
wo yjqf,a fydre' ksIamdokh lvdjeá,d' ;dkdm;sjrhd w;r
tÉprhs fjki' fydrlï wfma wmkhk wdodhu wdrCIl yria fiajd
keje;a;=fj;a keye" fvd,¾ ñ,shk 10"000 hs' .súiqula w;aika lr,d
o~qjï lf<;a keye' wo wdkhk úhou fvd,¾ ;sfhkafka' ta" 2007
fjk;=re tl fydfrl=g ñ,shk 20"000 hs' ta ud¾;= udfiaÈ' ta .súiqug
o~qjï §,d keye' lshkafka yßhg u wkqj weußldkq yuqodjg
fo.=Khla' ±ka uqo,a ´kEu fj,djl wfma
wjqreÿ 03lg miafia ke;sfldg fï wdKavqj rfÜ N+ñh mdúÉÑ
;uhs úfYaI wêlrKhla lrkafka f,dafl jfÜ lrkak mq¿jka' ta isák
msysfgõfõ' kuq;a fï wh Kh fjkjd' Khfj,d ld,h ;==< b÷ï ysgqï"
fmdfrdkaÿ jqfKa Èk 100 rfÜ ;sfhk iïm;a ál we÷ï me,÷ï" lEu îu
we;=f,a ta wêlrKh úl=Kkjd' Tn lsõ ish,a,la u ,xldfõ
msysgqjkjd lsh,d' wdldrhg yïnkaf;dg wdKavqj imhkak ´fka'
wêlrK ;=kla jrdh" u;a;, ta jf.au ;uhs wfma
msysgqjkak .=jkaf;dgqfmd," yuqodjg;a mq¿jks
md¾,sfïka;=fõ kS;sh ;%sl=Kduf,a f;,agexls weußldfõ lEïma tlla
we;a;gu" fï wdKavqj
iïu; fj,d ;sfhkjd" ál Öfkg bkaÈhdjg mgka.kak' ta bkak
wd¾Òl jYfhka fï rg ld,h ;=<§ weußldj
yenehs ;du msysfgõfj úl=Kkjd' fufyu
f.dvkÕkak wiu;a' tl wêlrKhhs' b;sß lrkafka wd¾Òl wfma yuqodjg ta ish¨
ksIamdokh lvdjeá,d' wfma wêlrK ;du keye' fï jYfhka ;sfnk myiqlï imhkjd'
wmkhk wdodhu fvd,¾ ñ,shk jf.a úfYAI wêlrK nxfldf,d;anj ksid' kuq;a" fï cSú;hgj;a
10"000 hs' wdkhk úhou fvd,¾ mssysfgõjd kï" fï wd¾Òl jYfhka ;sfnk wms weußldjg .sysx
ñ,shk 20"000 hs' ta lshkafka mÍCIK läkï lr,d nxfldf,d;a lu ú;rla l|jqre .ykafk keye'
yßhg u fo.=Khla' ±ka uqo,a fï fjkúg o~qjï fkfjhs' fï wfma cd;sl weußlka wd¾ñ tflg
fokak ;snqKd' kuq;a u¾uia:dk' jrdh ,xldjg tkak bv yo,d
ke;sfldg fï wdKavqj lrkafka ;sfhkjd' fïl
wjqreÿ ;=klg miafia lshkafka cd;sl wd¾Ólh
f,dafl jfÜ Kh fjkjd' wdrïN lrk fï jf.au cd;sl wdrCIdj meyeÈ<sju wfma rfÜ
Khfj,d rfÜ ;sfhk iïm;a ál wêlrKfhka kvq wy, me;af;ka b;du jeo.;a ffiajÍ;ajhg ;¾ckhla'
úl=Kkjd' Tn lsõ wdldrhg bjrfjk fldg fï ia:dkhls tajd úl=Kkjd fï wdKavqjg ;snqKd ta
yïnkaf;dg jrdh" u;a;, wdKavqfõ wdhqI ld,h lshkafka rfÜ .súiqu wfydais lrkak'
.=jkaf;dgqfmd," ;%sl=Kduf,a bjrhs' we;a;gu" ffiajÍ;ajhg nrm;,u kuq;a tfia fkdlr
f;,agexls ál Öfkg bkaÈhdjg fïflka wmsg fmakafka myrla t,a, fjkjd' miq.sh jif¾È jir 10
fï wdKavqj tl f,dafla fldfyaj;a rgla iïmq¾K l<dg miqj
úl=Kkjd' fufyu lrkafka
me;a;lska fydreka tlal ta rfÜ jrdhla fï wdKavqj ta
wd¾Òl jYfhka ;sfnk .súiqu w¨;a l<d'
ã,a odkjd" ã,a od,d .=jkaf;dgqfmd,la
nxfldf,d;anj ksid' wd¾Òl fydrekaj wdrCId fjk;a rglg fokafka
jYfhka ;sfnk nxfldf,d;a lu lrkjd' ta ksid ck;dj keye' fudlo" tajd ;uhs fujeks l%shdjkaf.ka
ú;rla fkfjhs' fï wfma cd;sl n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjÉp rfÜ cd;sl wdrCIdfõ fmkakqï lrkafka wfma
u¾uia:dk' jrdh lshkafka cd;sl ¥IK" jxpd" kdiaa;s flakaøia:dkh' kuq;a fï wdKavqj, ;sfhk
wd¾Ólh jf.au cd;sl wdrCIdj k;rùula isoaOfj,d wdKavqj rfÜ ta m%Odk §k;ajh ksid" wd¾Òl
keye' wdh;k;a úl=Kd jYfhka ;sfhk
me;af;ka b;du jeo.;a ia:dkhls
;sfnkjd' nxfldf,d;a lu ksid"
tajd úl=Kkjd lshkafka rfÜ taf.d,a,kaf.a
yïnkaf;dg jrdh bka fmkakqï lrkafka
iaffjÍ;ajhg nrm;,u Öfkg" u;a;, Wjukdjka bgqlr.kak
rdcH iïm;a úl=Kk
myrla t,a, fjkjd' .=jkaf;dgqfmd, ;ekg wd¾Òlh úfoaY rdcHhka j,g
bkaÈhdjg" ;%sl=Kduf,a nxfldf,d;a fj,d wfma rgg weÕs,s .
f;,agexls bkaÈhdjg" ikakg mq¿jka' b;sx wo"
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 11
weußldj fõjd" Ökh wdKavqjg nekakd Öfkka m%n, fpdaokdjla ;uhs
fõjd" bkaÈhdj fõjd fï Kh .kakjd lsh,d kuq;a ,xldj Ök fld<kshla
ish¨ rgj,a ;ukaf.a fï wdKavqj lrkafk;a lrkjd lsh,d' fï wh
f,dal foaYmd,kfha n, h<s h<s;a Kh .ekSuhs' tal kj;ajkjd lsh,d
fmdfrdhg Y%s ,xldj ±ka wms úYd, Kh lkaol lsõjd' mq;a;,u b|,d
yiqlrf.k ;sfnkjd' ysrfj,d bkafka' wo ol=Kg uqyqÿ ;Sf¾ úkdY
wfma ;sfnk nxfldf,d;a fjkfldg talmqoa., Kh fjkjd' uqyqÿ hkak neye
Ndjh ksid wms yeufoagu m%udKh remsh,a mka ,CI je<s f.dvodkjd'
hgfj,d' b;sx ;siaoyila ^re'530"000& fjr<Ldokh fj,d ksjdi
wkd.;fhaÈ Th ´kEu fj,d ;sfnkjd' wfma wysñ fjkjd" ëjrhskag
rgl we;sjk n, rfÜ fofldaá oi,CIhl /lshd wysñ fjkjd" wfma
fmdfrdhl§ wms rxfma ck.ykfhka tla rfÜ wd¾Ólh Èyd n,oaÈ
lrmsxpd njg m;afjkjd' flfkla remsh,a mka,CI fu;rï jeh nrla wms
wms tys f.d÷re njg ;siaoyil ^re'530"000& orkak ´fko @ tal
m;afjkjd' Khlrefjla njg m%uqL;djho@ óg jvd rg
m;alr,d bjrhs' b;sx fï we;=f,a ;sfhk bvï
j¾;udkfhaÈ Y%S ,xldj wdKavqj;a fï rg;a j,ska ixj¾Okhla
uqyqK foñka isák uQ,H ck;dj;a fï Kh W.=f,a lrkak mq¿jka lula
Kh iïnkaOfhka ysrlrùula lrkjd' ;sfhkjd lsh,d fuhd,d
ú.%dyhla lf<d;a@ wdj.uka fmda¾Ü isá
wfma cd;sl wdodhfuka jHdmD;sh kj;ajkjd
Tõæ myq.sh wdKavqjg fldmuK m%;sY;hla Kh lsõjd' kuq;a" myq.sh
;snqKq m%n, úfõpkhla fmd,S f.jkak wdKavqj fmda¾Ü isáh
;uhs fï rg Kh lkaol fjkalrkak fjkjdo @ yryd iskaklalrj Ökhg
ysrlrúu' fï wdKavq úlal bvï fï wdKavqj
n,hg m;ajqKdg miafia ±ka o< foaYSh ksIamdÈ;h nÿ l%uhg wjqreÿ .dkg
wdmyq Kh .kak 78] la' pkaøsld wvq l<d' fmda¾Ü isá
mgka.;a;d' ±ka f,dal ue;sKshf.a ldf,a ;snqfKa jHdmD;sh jiajkjd
nexl=fjkaa iy Ökfhka 105]la' tal .sh wdKavqj fjkqjg kej; Öfk;a
wêl fmd,shg Kh wvqlr,d fmkakqjd' tlal wdrïN flrejd'
.kakjd' fï fjkfldg tfyu wvqlr,d Öfkg ;sfhkjd fjku
jd¾;d.; ixLHd f,aLk fmkakqfõ rdcH nexl= u f,dal jHdma;
wkqj remsh,a ñ,shk j,ska iy fjk;a wdh;k jevigykla' ta wkqj
oi,CI ydriShhla Khhs' j,ska .;a; Kh fïlg ;uhs yïnkaf;dg jrdh
ú>Kldêm;sjrhd tl;= lf<a keye' we;=¿ wfma ia:dkj,g kuq;a" wdKavqj fï
lshkjd óg wu;rj;a taf.d,a,ka lsõfõ Kh ueÈy;a fjkafka' wfma Khj,g wu;rj ;j
Kh ;sfnkjd lshd' ta wvq jqKd lsh,d' kuq;a ;sfhk neßlu" §k;ajh ;j;a Kh .kakjd' l=reKE.,
Kh úfoaY wud;HxYfha we;a; l:dj tal fkfjhs' ksid ta whf.a b|,d ynrKg f¾,a mdr oukak
ueÈy;aùulska f;drj isÿ j¾;udkh .;a;u ta Wjudkj,g hgfj,d
ù we;s ksid jd¾;d ù Tlafldu tl;=fj,d wms ±ka bkaÈhdfjka Kh .kakjd' fï
bkakjd' weußld tlai;a
keye' tajd rdcH nexl= cS'ã'mS tflka 78] la wdKavqj myq.sh wdKavqjg nekakd
ckmofha wêrdcHjd§
iy fjk;a wdh;k;a wdmyq f.jkak ´fka' Wjukdjg hg Wkd yd Öfkka Kh .kakjd lsh,d kuq;a
tlal" ta lshkafka Y%S fndfyda wjqreÿj, cd;sl iudkj" Ök wd¾Ól fï wdKavqj lrkafk;a h<s h<s;a
,xlka jeks wdh;k;a wdodhug jvd jeähs Kh Wjukdjg wms hgfj,d Kh .ekSu u hs' ±ka wms úYd,
tlal isÿl<d' tajd ta ksid iy fmd,S jdßfla' ta bkakjd' Kh lkaol ysrfj,d bkafka' wo
Kh m%udKh úYd,hs' lshkafka" wjqreoafoa fjkfldg talmqoa., Kh m%udKh
2019 jif¾È ì,shk wdodhug jvd wmsg mrK ,xldj ta jf.a §k
y;rla ^ì,shk 04la& Kh f.jkak isÿfj,d remsh,a mka ,CI ;siaoyila
úêhg csj;a úh hq;=
f.jkak fjkjd' 2020 ;sfhkjd' rgla o @ ^re'530"000& fj,d ;sfnkjd' wfma
;j;a ì,shk y;rla rfÜ fofldaá oi,CIhl ck.
^ì,shk 04la& f.jkak Th lshk Kh w¾nqoh we;a;gu keye' wms uyd ykfhka tla flfkla remsh,a
fjkjd' ta úêhg ;j iy ´kEjg jvd Ökh mrdl%u iuqøh yomq" l,d mka,CI ;siaoyil ^re'530"000&
wjqreÿ .Kkdjla wms Kh iuÕ w;aje,a ne|f.k jej ñKafKaß jej yo,d Khlrefjla njg m;alr,d
f.jkak ´fkaa' isàu ke;skï wfma rgg f,dalfha jdß bjrhs' b;sx fï wdKavqj;a fï
Ökfha we;s ueÈy;a ùu ;dCIKfhka b;du by<
kuq;a" wdKavqj fï iuÕ" wms kQ;k jy,a rg;a ck;dj;a fï Kh W.=f,a
ia:dkhlg meñKs rgla'
Khj,g wu;rj ;j Ndjhl o fï meg,S iS.sß uyd .,a m¾j;fha ysrlrùula lrkjd'
;j;a Kh .kakjd' isákafka@ Ök fld<kshla uqÿKg c,h f.ksÉÑ
l=reKE., b|,d ynrKg lrd o .uka lrkafka @ ;dCIKh ;du
f¾,a mdr oukak ±ka lsisflfkl=g lshkak
bkaÈhdfjka Kh .kakjd' we;a;gu myq.sh wdKavqjg neye' tu yelshdjla
fï wdKavqj myq.sh hq'weka'ms fhka kÕmq ;snqKq rgla' kuq;a
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
12
ksoyfika miafia hhso lsh,d' fï cdjdrï jeäfj,d"
m;afjÉp yeu jeäùug idfmaCIj flar, .xcd jeäfj,d"
md,lhdu wmsj jißka jevlrk ck;djf.a >d;k jeäfj,d"
jir m;alrmq ;;a;ajh jegqma jeä fjkak md;d,hka ìysùu
we;a;gu wmsg fufyu ´fka' cSjk wxl jeäfj,d" fïjdg m%Odk
fjkak ´fka keye' jeäùug wkqj" remsh,a fya;=j wd¾Ól w¾nqoh'
wmsg iïm;a ;sfnkjd' 564"900 lska rcfha fï wd¾Òl w¾nqofhka
uyd fmdf<dj fiajlhskaf.a mäh ;uhs iudc w¾nqoh
;sfhkjd' rg jf.a jeäfjkak ´fka' fï we;sfjkafka' ñksiaiqkag
wg.=Khla úYd, uqyqola wjqreÿ ;=k we;=<; jeä uqo,a ke;sj .shdu l=vq
;sfhkjd' ta id.r jqKq cSjk wxlhg úl=K,d yß
m;=f,a ;sfhk LKsc idfmaCIj' kuq;a jeä cSj;afjkak ys;kjd'
iïm;aj,g ;ju w;j;a jqfKa keye' fïlg urK oKavkh
;sh,d keye' ta iïm;a mefkõjg" t,a¨ï .fya
j,ska jevla .kak fï jevlrk heõjg ms<s;=re
mq¿jka ta iïm;a ÈhqKq ck;djf.a jegqma jeä ,efnkafk keye' fï
lrkak mq¿jka udkj fkdlr" weu;sjrekag wd¾Òl m%Yakhg úi÷ï
iïm;la o ;shdf.k' ta jdyk .kak fldaá fidhkak ´fka' fujeks
i|yd ksjrÈ m%;sm;a;s ;=kydudrla - ;;a;ajhla ;=< ;ukaf.a
.rel foaYmd,k y;rydudrla" f.j,a Tfvdlal= muKla mqrjd
we;a;gu myq.sh kdhl;ajhla ke;s ksid" w¨;ajeähd lrkak .kakg W;aidyd lsÍu
wdKavqjg hq'weka'ms fhka ta udkj iïm;a ±ka fldaá folydudr - b;du widOdrKhs'
kÕmq m%n, fpdaokdjla weußldj kdid ;=kdudr úhoï lrkjd'
;uhs ,xldj Ök fld<kshla wdhd;khg" cmdkfha uka;%sjrekag ld¾hd, m%cd;ka;%jdoh"
mß.Kl §ukd jYfhka remsh,a hymd,kh iy kS;sfha
lrkjd lsh,d' fï wh tal
uOHia:dkj,g .sysx ,CIhla ÿkakd" wdêm;H hk rfÜ
kj;ajkjd lsh,d lsõjd' idudkHfhka uka;%s w;HjYHu wxY ;=k
fiajh lrkjd' ta ksid
mq;a;,u b|,d ol=Kg uqyqÿ ;Sf¾ wfma rfÜ ;sfnk flfkl=f.a jegqm ±ka flfrys idOdrKhla
úkdY fjkjd' uqyqÿ hkak neye fN!;sl iïm;a" udkj remsh,a fo,CI bgqù ;sfnkjdo@
je<s f.dvodkjd' fjr<Ldokh iïm;a fhdodf.k rg yegoyila fjkjd' ±ka
fj,d ksjdi wysñ fjkjd" ÈhqKqlrk ;ekg wms ;j;a ta m%udKh ;j;a miq.sh rdcmCI
ëjrhskag /lshd wysñ fjkjd" wj;S¾K fj,d keye' 215] lska jeälrkak md,khg idfmaCIj
tal rfÜ wjdikdjla' lshkjd' we;a;gu fï j¾;udk md,kh ;=<
wfma rfÜ wd¾Ólh Èyd n,oaÈ m%cd;ka;%jdoh iy
b,a,Su widOdrKhs'
fu;rï jeh nrla wms orkak j¾;udkfha w¾nqo iy fudlo" rfÜ ck;dj ksoyi iïnkaOfhka
´fko @ tal m%uqL;djho@ óg rfÜ wdodhï ;;a;ajh wudrefjka csj;afjoa§ hïlsis fjkila isÿù
jvd rg we;=f,a ;sfhk bvï foi ne,SfïÈ uE;È weu;sjrekaf.a iy ;sfnkjd' tal ksjrÈhs'
j,ska ixj¾Okhla lrkak mq¿jka u;=jqKq ue;s weu;s uka;%sjrrekaf.a jegqma wms yß foa yßhs lshd
lula ;sfhkjd lsh,d fuhd,d jegqma jeälsÍu jf.au jeälrkak lshk lshkakg ´fka' fudlo"
wdj.uka fmda¾Ü isá jHdmD;sh rcfha fiajlhskaf.a b,a,Su hqla;s iy.; tod ;kslru ;snqfKa
jegqma jeälsÍu i|yd jq keye' fyd|u le,E kS;sh" ueouq,k
kj;ajkjd lsõjd' kuq;a" myq.sh
fhdackdjka ms<sn|j WodyrKh ;uhs" kS;sh' ta kS;sh
wdKavqj fmda¾Ü isáh yryd l%shd;aul jqKdkï wo
Tfí ksÍCIKh l=ula fuÉpr m%Yak ;sfhoaÈ
iskaklalrj Ökhg úlal bvï o@ jegqma jeälsÍfï niakdysr m<d;a iNfõ fï rg weú|sk
fï wdKavqj nÿ l%uhg wjqreÿ wjYH;djhg W;a;r uka;%sjrekag jdäfjk lerfldmamqjla njg
.dkg wvq l<d' fmda¾Ü isá fiùfïÈ wms ;j;a Kh tla mqgqjla 640"000'00 m;afjkjd' kuq;a" fï
jHdmD;sh jiajkjd fjkqjg W.=,l jefÜú o@ lg .kak hkjd' ta fjkiaùu;a tlal
kej; Öfk;a tlal wdrïN lshkafka fvd,¾ ksoyfia hï fjkiaùula
flrejd' Öfkg ;sfhkjd fjku we;a;gu wfma 4000la' wdKavqju lshk isÿjqKd' W;=f¾ ;snqfKa
ck;djf.a cSjk úhoï úêhg fvd,¾ 4000la w¾O ñ,sgß md,khla'
u f,dal jHdma; jevigykla' ta
jeäfj,d ;sfhkjd' lshkafka rfÜ talmqoa., th wo fjkiaù
wkqj ;uhs yïnkaf;dg jrdh f;,a ñ, jeäfj,d" nvq ;sfnkjd' rg mqrdu
wdodhu tl ukqIfhla
we;=¿ wfma ia:dkj,g ueÈy;a ñ, jeäfj,d" nÿ nr jirla Wmhk foa tl ;snqfKa iqÿjEka
fjkafka' wfma ;sfhk neßlu" jeäfj,d" nia .dia;= mqgqjlg úhoï lrkak ixialD;shla yd uyd
§k;ajh ksid ta whf.a jeäfj,d" fyg wksoaod iqodkï fjkjd' fï Ns;shla' kuq;a ta
Wjudkj,g hgfj,d bkakjd' ÿïßh .dia;= wd¾Òlfha ;sfhk ;;a;ajh ±ka fjkia
weußld tlai;a ckmofha jeäfjkjd" fï ish,a, whqla;s iy.; nj ;uhs fj,d ;sfhkjd kuq;a
wêrdcHjd§ Wjukdjg hg Wkd tlal cSj;aùu wudrehs' iudc w¾nqohla iïmQ¾Kfhkau
yeu udfiu oyfjksod ks¾udKh fjkak fkfjhs' ;ju;a lª¿.
yd iudkj" Ök wd¾Ól Nfhka .eys .eyS Eia m%ydr" negka fmd¨
n,md,d ;sfhkafka'
Wjukdjg wms hgfj,d n,df.k bkakjd m%ydr" lïlre u¾ok"
bkakjd' fldÉpr f;,a .Kka wo nexl= lvkjd" l=vq YsIH u¾ok" jD;a;Sh
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 13
iñ;s u¾ok iDcqj iy jl%j isÿfjñka kdhl;ajhg m;ajqk;a Tyqf.a
mj;skjd' wdKavqj mgka .kakfldg m%;sm;a;sh jerÈkï jevla keye' fuh
hï ksoyila ;sì,d' wdKavqjg mqoa., m%Yakhlg jvd wd¾Òl
ck;djf.a m%Yak úi|.kak foaYmd,k m%;sm;a;sfha je/oaola'
neßfjkfldg" wdKavqj w¾nqohg
hkfldg" u¾okh mdúÉÑ lrkak fï mj;ajdf.k hk h,amek .sh
mgka f.k ;sfnkjd' flfia fj;;a wd¾Òl fudv,h j¾;udkhg
myq.sh md,k ld,hg idfmaCIj .e,fmkafk keye' ksIamdokh
m%cd;ka;%jdoh me;af;ka idOkSh lvdjefgkafka ta fya;=j ksihs' wms
fjkila isÿjqKd lsh,d ms<s.kakjd' kslx nhska wekaâ fi,sx udl¾Ü tll
bkafka' wfma cd;sl ksIamdokh
fumuK ld,hla Y%S ,xldj md,kh jeälrk b,lalhlg hkafka keye'
lrmq kdhlhska foi n,kfldg" Tjqka tfyu kï mj;sk fï wd¾Òl
we;a;gu fï rgg wdodrhla we;sj fudv,h fjkia lrkak ´fka'
md,kh l<d lshd Tn ys;kjdo @ mqoa.,hd u; fkdj l%u u; fuh
fjkia úh hq;=hs' fyd| mqoa.,fhda;a
tfyu md,kh l<d kï fï rg fï jerÈ fjkafka fï isiagï tfla
;;a;ajhg m;afjkafka keye' wfma je/oafoka' wms fjkia lrkak ´fk
rfÜ wjxl foaYmd,k kdhl;ajhla" mqoa.,hd fyda wdKavqj fkfjhs' fï
wdo¾Yu;a foaYmd,k kdhl;ajhla iudc wd¾Ól l%uh" l%uh fjkia , igyk yd
;snqKd kï fujeks wjdidkdjka; lf<d;a muKhs fï m%Yafkg W;a;rhla PdhdrEm (
;;a;ajhlg fï rg m;afjkafka keye' ,efnkafka' fu,ks udfk,a
fuh mqoa.,fhla u; r|dmj;ska fohla
fkfuhs' fl;rï fyd| mqoa.,fhla
fmf¾rd

kqU jyf,l= oehs

is;kak
msfmk mshquka fuka iqñysßj
f,djg úlis; fõ ñksiqka
úlis; jQ l=iquka Èkl mr ù hhs
mila lrhs wks;H nj
tkuq;a fkdolS fkdy÷k;S wks;H nj
/ia lrhs Ok n, lS¾;sh
Ôj;a fjhs fkdñksiqka fuka f,dj ;=<
md.d ouhs ;ud fukau fkdis;k ñksia yo
Tjqkaf.a is;=ú,s lsisod úlis; fkdfõ
Ôj;a fõ ñ<sk jQ YÍrhla we;sj
jy,a .e;s njg we¨ï n§
Ôj;h .,d hhs
ìh iel ;Kaydj ;=re<g f.k
ksoyia fkdjk isrlrejka fuka

kqU jyf,l=o is;kak

jyf,l= kï Ôj;afjhs
iodld,sl úlis; fkdjk w÷re f,dalfha

, ví' wÑks
ks¾u,d m%kdkaÿ

2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾

14

ÿ¾j, l<ukdldß;ajh"
w,a,ia yd ¥IKh mj;sk rgl
ixj¾Okh isyskhls
w,a,i yd ¥IKh úúO uÜgï j,ska mj;’'
ld¾hd,hl ld¾h iyhlhl=" ,smslrefjl=" fmd,sia
fldia;dm,a flfkl= fyda frdayf,a iq¨ fiajlhl=
úiska iq¨ mßudKfhka flfrk tu jro
foaYmd,{hka úiska fyda úOdhl ks,OdÍka úiska uyd
mßudKfhka isÿ lrkq oelsh yels fõ' ,xldfõ iEu
ixj¾Ok jHdmD;shlskau 30] la muK fldñia ,nd
.kakd nj miq.sh ld,fha f,dal nexl= jd¾;djlska o
fy<sorõ lr we;' tu uyd mßudK fydrlï w;r
uyd nexl= ne÷ïlr jxpdj" Ökfhka w,a,ia ,ndoSfï
udOH fy<sorõj" jeÜ nÿ jxpdj" wdodhï nÿ jxpd"
wdhqO ñ<oS .ekSï jxpd" iy uyd mßudK fldñia
.eiSï wdosh m%Odk fõ' tajd u.ska rfÜ wdodhñka
ie<lsh hq;= m%;sY;hla ck;d iqn fi; i|yd
fhoùu wysñ lrhs'

is x.mamQrefõ ,S lajdkahQ trg

ixj¾Okh i|yd ixj¾Ok
fudv,h f,i iqÿiq hehs l,loS ÿgq"
f,dal nexl jd¾;djlska o fy<sorõ
lr we;' tu uyd mßudK fydrlï
w;r uyd nexl= ne֕lr jxpdj"
2018 cqks 25 jk osk ksõfhda¾la ghsïia
jd¾;d lf<a uyskao rdcmlaI uy;dg
wefußldkq fvd,¾ ñ,shk 7'6 la
fmros. OdkHd.drh lshd ye|skajQ Y%S Ökfhka w,a,ia ,ndoSfï udOH kS;Hdkql+, fkdjk whqßka ,nd oS we;s
,xldj wo jkúg wdishdfõ wfkla fy<sorõj" jeÜ nÿ jxpdj" wdodhï nÿ njhs'
rgj,g msgqmiska mej;Sfï m%Odku jxpd" wdhqO ñ<oS .ekSï jxpd" iy uyd
fya;= fudkjdo@ ta i|yd n,md we;s mßudK fldñia .eiSï wdosh m%Odk 2006 fkdjeïn¾ 05 jk osk
fya;= rdYshla we;s w;r jxpdj" fõ' tajd u.ska rfÜ wdodhñka ie<lsh md¾,sfïka;= .sKqï ldrl iNdjg
fidrlu" w,a,i" ¥IKh" kdia;sh" hq;= m%;sY;hla ck;d iqn fi; i|yd bosßm;a l< jd¾;dfjka fy<sorõ lf<a
wld¾hlaIu;dj ta w;r m%Odk fõ¡ fhoùu wysñ lrhs' tu .Kqfokq foaYSh wdodhï fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska
fïjdfha mßudKh b;d úYd, jk ms<sn|j fjku ,sms ,súh hq;= jqjo 2002 fkdje 15 isg 2004 wf.daia;= 15
w;r rfÜ cd;sl wdodhfuka ishhg fláfhka fyda fuys i|yka fkdlsÍu olajd ld,h ;=< jxpd iy.; f,i
40 lg wdikak m%udKhla fï ksid wvqqjla úh yels ksid fufia igyka re( ì,shk 3'9 l jeÜ nÿ wdmiq f.jd
ck;d hym; i|yd fhoùu je<eflk lrñ' ;snqKq njhs' tfukau jeÜ nÿ f,i
w;r iq¨ msßila úYd, wdodhï ,eîug ;snQ ì,shk 167 lska ì,shk 133
,nkakka njg m;aj we;¡ uy nexl= ne÷ïlr jxpdj ,xld la lmd yßk f,i foaYSh wdodhï
b;sydifha isÿjQ fy<sorõ jQ úYd,;u fomd¾;fïka;=fõ ks,OdÍka oekqï oS
w,a,i yd ¥IKh úúO uÜgï j,ska jxpdjls' tysoS isÿj we;s mdvqj re( we;s njo fy<sorõ lr ;sfí'
mj;’' ld¾hd,hl ld¾h iyhlhl=" ñ,shk 8524 la fyda re( ì,shk 8'5 la
,smslrefjl=" fmd,sia fldia;dm,a nj ta ms<sn|j jQ ckdêm;s mÍlaIK hqo iufha wú ñ<oS .ekSug rdcH
flfkl= fyda frdayf,a iq¨ fiajlhl= fldñIka iNd jd¾;dfõ oelafõ' tu wdrlaIl wud;HdxYh hgf;a ,xld
úiska iq¨ mßudKfhka flfrk tu ksid fiajl w¾: idOl wruqo,g" f,dcsiaála m%hsjÜ ,sñgâ kñka fjku
jro foaYmd,{hka úiska fyda úOdhl rlaIK Ndrhg" fiajl Ndrldr fm!oa.,sl wdh;khla msysgqjd ;sìK’'
ks,OdÍka úiska uyd mßudKfhka isÿ wruqo,g" cd;sl b;sß lsÍfï nexl=jg" tys iNdm;s jQfha tjlg isá wdrlaIl
lrkq oelsh yels fõ' ,xldfõ iEu iy úYaj úoHd, m%;smdok fldñIka wud;HdxYfha f,alï ;=udh' tu
ixj¾Ok jHdmD;shlskau 30] la muK iNd wruqo,go úYd, jYfhka mdvq wdh;kh md¾,sfïka;=jg fyda
fldñia ,nd .kakd nj miq.sh ld,fha isÿù we;' ú.Kldêm;sg j.lSug ne|S isáfha
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 15
ke;' hqO ld,fhaoSu udOHh u.ska wú ke;s njo lñgqj lshhs¡ whjeh mej;=ks' ,xld keõ ixia:dj úiska
ñ,oS .ekSïj,oS isÿj we;ehs lsjQ m%;smdok fjkal< ú.iu tjeks jrdh wêldßhg f.úh hq;= jQ Kh
w,a,ia yd ¥IK isÿùï ms<sn|j ie<eiaula ielish hq;= nj lñgqj m%udKh remsh,a fldaá 5 ls' tfiau
mÍlaIK fkdmej;s w;r tu lshhs' ndysr md¾Yjhkaf.ka whúh hq;= Kh
;;a;ajhka fy<sorõ l< udOHfõoSkag uqo,a wdmiq ,nd .ekSug m%udKj;a
úúO m%Yak j,g uqyqK mEug isÿ úh' ú.Kk yd l<ukdlrK lñgq l%shd ud¾. fkd.;a wdh;k rdYshls' ta
wfmalaIs; uÜgfuka fndfyda wdh;k w;r YS% ,xld rEmjdyskS ixia:djg
wld¾hlaIu l<ukdlrKh ( i|yd fkdue;s nj;a iuyr wdh;kj, úúO foaYmd,k mlaI j,ska wh úh
tajd ;snqko /iaù we;af;a jirlg jrla hq;=j ;snQ uqo, remsh,a 42"649"586$- ls'
rdcH jHjidhhka ms<sn| ldrl iNdj njo lñgqj lshhs' l<ukdlrKh m%udKj;a f,i j.lSulska lghq;=
^fldama& 2011 foieïn¾ 01 osk ish m<uq W.kajk" jHdmdr l<ukdlrKh i|yd fkdlsÍu ksid fndfyda rdcH wdh;k
jd¾;dj 7 jk md¾,sfïka;=fõ m<uq cd;sl wdh;kfha ^NIBM& ú.Kk yd kS;s{ .dia;= f,i úYd, úhoula ord
ieishg tys iNdm;s äõ .=Kfialr l<ukdlrK lñgqj /iaù we;af;a we;' újD; úYaj úoHd,h m%dfoaYSh
uy;d úiska rdcH jHjidhhka 29 la jirlg tla jrla muKs¡ th uOHia:dk ;=kla boslsÍug .;a
ms<sn|j bosßm;a lrk ,oS' tu.ska l<ukdlrK wOHdmkhg o iroï W;aidyhka ys oS tajdfha bvï ysñlï
jákd fy<sorõ lsÍï yd ks¾foaYhka lsÍula fkdfõo@ wNsfhda.hg ,la ùu ksid kvq lghq;=
rdYshla m%ldYhg m;a lr we;' fjkqfjka remsh,a 18"716"902$- la úhoï
jd¾Isl jd¾;d ,nd fok f,i oekajQ ord we;'
fndfyda rdcH wdh;k ;u wdh;k ish¨u rdcH wdh;k jdf.a kshñ;
i|yd iuia; m%Odk ie,eiaula fyda ld,hg tajd ,nd oS ke;¡ YS% ,xlka fndfyda ,dN ,enQ iuyr rdcH wdh;k
l%shdldÍ ie,eiaula ilia lr .ekSug thd¾ ,hska iy ñyska ,xld wdh;k ,nk ,dN fõ.fhka wvqù we;' ta
m%udKj;a wjOdkhla oS ke;' iuyr lsis oskl md¾,sfïka;=jg jd¾;d ,nd w;r rdcH Wlia yd wdfhdack nexl=j"
wdh;k i|yd rdcH jHjidh oS ke;' YS% ,xld rEmjdyskS ixia:dj" YS% ,xld
pl%f,aLK wkqj hdj;ald,Sk lr fg,sfldï" 2009 jir ;=< oS ishhg 90
ieliQ iuia; ie,eiaula fyda l%shdldÍ ,eìh hq;= uqo,a yd Kh whlr .ekSu lska muK ,dN wvqlr .;a wdh;k
ie,eiaula ke;' ta w;r wi;=gqodhl ;;a;ajhl mj;sk nj fõ' tfiau wdh;k rdYshla mdvq
l<ukdlrKh .ek úoHd¾Òkag W. fy<sorõ lr we;' ta w;r úY%dñl ,nñka isà' LKsc f;,a kS;s.;
kajk m%Odku úYaj úoHd,hla jk rcfha ks,OdÍkaf.ka" ia:dkudre ,enQ ixia:dj" if;di" ñyska thd¾" jrdh
chj¾Ok mqr úYaj úoHd,h o fõ¡ thg ks,OdÍkaf.ka" .súiqï lv l< wêldßh iy ;j;a wdh;k rdYshla
wu;rj ,xld if;di" fn!oaO yd md<s ks,OdÍkaf.ka" wdmiq whlr .ekSï mdvq ,nñka mej;sk' fufia mdvq
úYaj úoHd,h" kdrd wdh;kh" rdcH iy fiajd iemhQ rcfha wdh;k j,ska ,eîug m%Odk jYfhka fya;= ù we;af;a
uqøK kS;s.; ixia:dj" f;a m¾fhaIK iy fjk;a ndysr md¾Yj hkaf.ka wh w;sßla; ld¾h uKav," úhoï jeäùu"
wdh;kh" wka;rdhlr T!IO md,l úh hq;= uqo,a wdmiq whlr .ekSu b;d ÿ¾j, l<ukdldß;ajh iy m%d.aOk
uKav,h o fõ' fndfyda wdh;k ÿ¾j, ;;a;ajhl mej;s nj o fldama ysÕh wdosh nj fldama jd¾;dj fmkajd
;ukaf.a iuia; ie<eiafï b,lal <.d jd¾;dj m%ldY lrhs¡ .súiqï lv lsÍu fohs'
lr .ekSug wiu;aj we;¡ iuyr ksid chj¾Okmqr" fudrgqj"
wdh;k tu ie<eiau ilid we;af;a fmardfoksh iy újD; úYaj úoHd,h;a" 2012$01$01 isg 2013$03$31 olajd ld,
fldama lñgqjg bosßm;a lsÍfï yqÿ fylag¾ fldínElvqj f.dú m¾fhaIK mßÉfPaoh ;=< rdcH jHjidhhka 244
wNs,dIfhks' yd mqyqKq wdh;kh iy cd;sl jHdmdr la mÍlaIdjg ,la lr 2013 cQ,s ui 23
l<ukdlrK wdh;kh;a" hk wdh;k jk osk fojk fldama jd¾;dj tys
tjeks ie<eiaula ilialr hdj;a yhg úfoia .;j Wiia wOHdmkh ,enQ iNdm;s äõ .=Kfialr uy;d úiska
ld,Sk lsÍu w;HjYH nj;a tu ks,OdÍkaf.a .súiqï lv lsÍï ksid m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,oS'
ie<eiau kshdukh lsÍug f¾Çh 2010$11 ld,h ;=< remsh,a ñ,shk 105
wud;HdxYh lghq;= l<hq;= nj;a fldama la wysñj we;' tu ld,h ;=< ñyska ta wkqj iuyr rdcH wdh;khka ys
lñgqj ks¾foaY lrhs' fndfyda rdcH ,xld wdh;kh rEmjdysKS ixia:djg uq,H ie<iqïj, wl%uj;a nj m%Odk
wdh;k i|yd ñ<oS .ekSfï ie<eiaula remsh,a fldaáhl Khla fkdf.jd ÿ¾j,;djhla f,i fmkajd oS we;' ta

hq o iufha wú ñ<oS .ekSug rdcH

wdrlaIl wud;HdxYh hgf;a ,xld
f,dcsiaála m%hsjÜ ,sñgâ kñka fjku
fm!oa.,sl wdh;khla msysgqjd ;sìK’' tys
iNdm;s jQfha tjlg isá wdrlaIl
wud;HdxYfha f,alï ;=udh' tu wdh;kh
md¾,sfïka;=jg fyda ú.Kldêm;sg j.
lSug ne|S isáfha ke;' hqO ld,fhaoSu
udOHh u.ska wú ñ,oS .ekSïj,oS isÿj
we;ehs lsjQ w,a,ia yd ¥IK isÿùï
ms<sn|j mÍlaIK fkdmej;s w;r tu
;;ajhka fy<sorõ l< udOH fõoSkag úúO
m%Yak j,g uqyqK mEug isÿ úh'
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
16

fnd fyda rdcH wdh;k ;u wdh;k i|yd iuia;

m%Odk ie,eiaula fyda l%shdldÍ ie,eiaula
ilia lr .ekSug m%udKj;a wjOdkhla oS ke;' iuyr
wdh;k i|yd rdcH jHjidh pl%f,aL wkqj hdj;ald,Sk
lr ieliQ iuia; ie,eiaula fyda l%shdldÍ ie,eiaula
ke;' ta w;r l<ukdlrKh .ek úoHd¾Òkag W.kajk
m%Odku úYaj úoHd,hla jk chj¾Ok mqr úYaj
úoHd,h o fõ¡ thg wu;rj ,xld if;di" fn!oaO yd
md<s úYaj úoHd,h" kdrd wdh;kh" rdcH uqøK kS;s.;
ixia:dj" f;a m¾fhaIK wdh;kh" wka;rdhlr T!IO
md,l uKav,h o fõ' fndfyda wdh;k ;ukaf.a iuia;
ie<eiafï b,lal <.d lr .ekSug wiu;aj we;¡ iuyr
wdh;k tu ie<eiau ilid we;af;a fldama lñgqjg
bosßm;a lsÍfï yqÿ wNs,dIfhks'
w;r ,xld úÿ,s n, uKav,h" ñyska jdßlhla fojrla we;=<;a lsÍu ksid
,xld" LKsc f;,a kS;s.; ixia:dj" jeämqr fvd,¾ 2"060"842 la tlS
jeks wdh;k m%uqL fõ' fïjdfha fldama w;=re jd¾;dj 2013 $10$08 isg iud.ug f.ùug ixia:djg isÿj ;sfí'
ÿ¾j,;djhka nexl= lafIa;%hg o 2014$04$08 olajd
wys;lr f,i n,md ;sfí' YS% ,xld fg,sfldï iud.u jhsuelaia
bosßm;a lf<a .re iNdm;s äõ ;dlaIKh iïnkaOj fiajh wLKavj
iuyr rdcH wdh;kj, fiajlhka yd .=Kfialr uy;d úiska 2014$08$05 mj;ajdf.k hdu i|yd wjYH jk
jdyk NdKavd.dr pl%f,aLKhkag osk ixLHd;hka i|yd iSudiys; ialhs
mgyeksj f¾Çh wud;HdxYhg cd,fha fldgiaj,ska ishhg 75 l
ksoyialr we;' tjeks whf.a fõ;k rdcH wdh;k 47 la ms<sn|j mÍlaId fldgia remsh,a ñ,shk 108 la jeh lr
yd oSukd f.jkq ,nkafka Tjqkag lrk ,oS' ñ<oS f.k we;s w;r tu iud.u jir
m;aúu ,nd oS we;s wdh;kh u.sks' follg miqj jid we;' fmr§ o th
ksoiqka f,i cd;sl ksjdi ixj¾Ok tu jd¾;dj úksúo núka f;dr u.ska l< jHdmdßl lghq;= olakg
wêldßh úiska remsh,a ñ,shk 9'77 la .Kqfokq .Kkdjla y÷kdf.k we;' ke;s w;r ;dlaIKho l,a bl=;a ù
tjeks fiajHhka 37 ksjdi yd boslsÍï we;' 2006 oS msysgqjk ,o tu iud.u
,xld LKsc f;,a kS;s.; ixia:dj
f¾Çh wud;HdxYhg fhoùu fjkqfjka úiska l< tu .kqfokqj foi neÆ úg
2011$06$01 isg 2012$06$30 olajd
f.jd we;' ;u wdh;khg iDcq iel Wmojhs' 2008 oS YS% ,xld
remsh,a ì,shk 8¡3 l mdvqjla LKsc
m%;s,dNhla ke;s fndfyda úg fg,sfldï úiska ñ< oS .kakd f;la
f;,a ksIamdok ñ<oS .ekSfï isÿj
weu;sjrekaf.a foaYmd,k lghq;= ixLHd;hka r|jd ;nd .ekSu yer
we;ehs .Kka n,d we;' ta i|yd n,md
fjkqfjka fhdojd we;s wh i|yd fjk;a jHdmdßl lghq;= lr ke;'
we;s fya;= w;r ridhkd.dr m¾fhaIK
fõ;k f.ùug wod, wdh;k j,g
mudùu" ikaksfõok ÿ¾j,;d" fj<| iud.u l%shd;aul fkdjQ ld,h ;=<o
isÿj ;sfí' rdcH jHjidh pl%f,aLK
fmd< wNsfhda.hkag uqyqKoSug ;snQ wvq wOHlaI .dia;= jYfhka remsh,a
wxl 12 wkqj iEu rdcH ixia:djlau
iQodku" jeämqr f.ùï" LKsc f;,a 10"468"000 la f.jd w;s nj;a tfia
uq,H jir wjika ù osk 150 we;=<;
ksIamdok ñ<oS .ekSfï wekjqï lsÍfï f.ùu ,nd .;a mqoa.,hd ialhs
ish jd¾Isl jd¾;d md¾,sfïka;=jg
ie<iqï j, mudj" wd¾Ól jYfhka fkÜj¾la iud.fï wOHlaIjrfhl=
bosßm;a l< hq;=h' tfy;a 2013$06$30
iM,odhS fkdjk by< ;;a;ajfha iy nj;a wkdjrKh ù we;'
jk úg;a jd¾;d bosßm;a fkdl<
nd, ;;a;ajfha fmg%,a l<jï lsÍï"
wdh;k 79 la ;sî we;'
wdoS wld¾hlaIu;djhka y÷kdf.k jrla remsh,a ñ,shk 50 l uqo,lg
os.ska os.gu mdvq ,nñka rfÜ we;' tfiau LKsc f;,a kS;s.; ,xld nexl=jg Wlia l< fld<U f.%.ß
wd¾Ólhg úYd, nrla megjQ rdcH ixia:dj tlai;a wrdì tó¾ rdcHfha mdf¾ msysá rdcH jeú,s ixia:dj i;=
wdh;k lSmhla fldama jd¾;dfjka iud.ula iu. ñ<oS .ekSfï .súiqulg bvu miqj fm!oa.,sl iud.ulg Wli
fy,sorõ fõ' ta w;r" we;=,;a ùfïoS wefußldkq fvd,¾ 54l ksoyia lsÍfï fldkafoais u; remsh,a

wdh;kfha ku 2011 2010 2009

,xld LKsc f;,a kS;s.; ixia:dj 94,508,394,000 26,922,820,000 11,353,224,000

iSudiys; YS%,xlka thd¾ ,hska 17,161,040,000 377,750,000 2,673,910,000

iSudiys; ñyska ,xld 940,489,000 1,221,378,000 1,300,470,000

tl;=j 12,609,923,000 28,521,948,000 15,327,604,000

2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾

 17
ñ,shk 243 lg úl=Kd we;s w;r Wli fldama lñgqfõ mÍlaIK ld,fha oS w;=reoyka ùu ksid iuqmldr f;d.
wdmiq f.ùu flfia fj;;a fuu y÷kd.;a úksúo Ndjh ms<sn| .eg¨ fj<| ixia:dj remsh,a 5"095"455$- l
.kqfokqj iïnkaOj ,eî we;af;a we;s iy wd¾Ól jYfhka mdvq jQ mdvqjla lmd yer we;'
remsh,a ñ,shk 11'9 la muKs' .kqfokq lSmhla fmkajd oS we;'
ú.Kldêm;s jd¾;d jd¾Islj bosßm;a
fodïfma ls%hd;aul lrk ,o >k 1' fycska .kqfokq i|yd Lksc f;,a flfrk w;r 2015 iy 2016 jd¾;d
wmøjH l<ukdlrK jHdmD;sfhaoS kS;s.; ixia:dj úiska isÿ lrk ,o j,ska bosßm;a jQ jeo.;a lreKq lSmhla
uOHu mßir wêldßh úiska remsh,a uq¿ w,dNh weußldkq fvd,¾ ñ,shk my; oelafõ'
19"483"222 l uqo,la fldka;%d;alreg 76'28 ls'
,nd oS we;s w;r wvq ñ, os.= l,la wfmalaId l< ú.Kk fiajd
,xiqlrejkaf.a idOdrK;ajh 2' 2005 mej;s id¾la lS%vd Wf<, i|yd fldñIka iNdj 2015 foieïn¾
fkdi,ld yßñka 6 jk by<u iq.;odi cd;sl l%Svd wêldßh úiska udifhaoS ia:dms; lrk ,oS.
,xiqlreg fgkavrh ,nd oS we;' remsh,a ñ,shk 44 la jeh lr ñ< oS
.;a bf,lafg%dksla ld, kshuq hka;% kj mk; wkqj rch fyda rdcH
;jo fmdf<dfõ >k óg¾ 88648 la 2010 isg ls%hd;aaul lr ke;' ;jo tu ixia:djla fyda m<d;a md,k
bj;a lsÍu i|yd fldka;%d;alref.ka uDÿldx. h,a mek hdu ksid wdh;khla úiska ishhg 50 la fyda Bg
remsh,a 45 l whlsÍulska f;drj >k w¨;ajeähd lsÍfuka miqj jqjo mdúÉÑ jeä fldgia ysñlula ,nd f.k we;s"
ógrhlg remsh,a 295 l uqo,la f.ùu l< yels jkafka jir folla muKs' iud.ï mk; hgf;a ixia:dms;
ksid wêldßh fj; remsh,a iud.ïo ú.Kldêm;sjrhdf.a úIh
30"140"320$- l w,dNhla isÿù ;sfí' 3' cd;sl ;reK fiajd iNdj úiska 2011 m:hg we;=<;a fõ'
jif¾ oS remsh,a 1"287"440$- la jeh lr
r;=miaj, w;ajeiqï ksIamdok l¾udka; kdj,msáh ch;s,l lS%vdx.kfha bos wld¾hlaIu l<ukdlrKh yd
Yd,dj i|yd mdßißl iy;slh ksl=;a lrk ,o w;a mkaÿ msáh" miqj lS%vd úIu;djhka
lsÍfïoS uOHu mßir wêldßh úiska msÜgksh jeä oshqKq lsÍu i|yd .kq
ksis úu¾Ykhla isÿ lr fkdue;s w;r ,enQ ;Srkhla ksid udi 07 lska miq kj ksmhqïlrejkaf.a fldñiug
l¾udka;Yd,d ysñlre úiska imhkq bj;a lr we;' miq.sh 2012" 2013 yd 2014 jir j,oS
,nk c, idïm, mÍlaIdlr iy;slh wud;HdxYh u.ska ,nd oS ;snQ m%;smdok
ksl=;a lr we;' 4' ,xld ëjr jrdh kS;s.; ixia:dj j,ska ms<sfj,ska 29] la 61] la yd 31]
2011 jif¾ oS bkaOk gexls 06 la la m%fhdackhg f.k fkd;snqks'
tu ;;ajfha m%;sm,hla f,i ck;djg boslsÍu i|yd .súiqula fkdue;sj
cSú; j,ska jkaos f.ùug isÿj we;;a fldka;%d;alreg remsh,a 2"791"215$- la niakdysr m<df;a wOHdmk l,dm 11 ys
tu ;;a;ajhg jeroslrefjda ksoyfia w;a;sldrï f,i f.jd we;' flfia 2016 ud¾;= 31 osk jk úg w;sßla;
cSj;a fj;s' fj;;a lsis÷ boslsÍula isÿlr fkdue;s .=rejreka ixLHdj 561 la jQ w;r .=re
w;r wdh;khg fï jk úg whlr W!K;d 3886 la mej;=Ks'
iudc wdrlaIK uKav,fha m%Odk .; yelsj ;sfnkafka w;a;sldrï
ld¾hd,fha mßY%h f,i Ndú;d l< uqo,ska remsh,a ñ,shk 1 la muKs' 2005 jif¾ isg 2012 jir olajd ld,h
f.dvke.s,af,ka kshñ; ld,hg fmr ;=< cd;sl mdi,a 350 la i|yd mqyqKqj
bj;aùu ksid b;sß udi 07 i|yd l=,sh 5' idudkH ishhg 18 la jQ fmd,S ,enQ .=rejreka 8476 la wkqhqla; lrk
jYfhka remsh,a 5"090"906$- la f.ùug wkqmd; l%uhg mgyeksj ksjdi úg oS m<d;a iNd mdi,a 9771 la
isÿúh' miqj m%udKj;a bvlv iys; ixj¾Ok uq,H ixia:d nexl=j úiska fjkqfjka úoHd mSG mqyqKqj ,enQ
iaÓr ia:dkhla m%Odk ld¾hd,h ia: ,xld úÿ,sn, uKav,hg remsh,a .=rejreka 19307 la wkqhqla; lr ;snqKs'
dk.; lsÍu i|yd ,nd oS fkd;snqKs' ñ,shk 450 l ia:djr ;ekam;a i|yd wkqhqla; lsÍï idOdrK mokula u;
miqj rcfha ;lafiarelre remsh,a ishhg 22'5 l by< fmd,shla f.jd isÿ lr fkd;snqKs'
ñ,shk 165 la f,i ;lafiare lr ;snQ we;' fuu .kqfokqfjka remsh,a
rdc.sßfha msysá f.dvke.s,a,la remsh,a ñ,shk 69 l mdvqjla isÿ ù ;sfí' T¨ú,a jrdh boslsÍfï oS fvkaud¾la
ñ,shk 195 la f.jd ñ,oS f.k ;snqks' nexl=jla úiska 2008 j¾Ifha oS YS%
6' iuqmldr f;d. fj<| i,a 11 la ,xld rchg m%odkhla f,i hqfrda
86"100 la iy fmd,S rys; Khla f,i

fnd fyda ,dN ,enQ iuyr rdcH wdh;k ,nk

,dN fõ.fhka wvqù we;' ta w;r rdcH
Wlia yd wdfhdack nexl=j" YS% ,xld rEmjdyskS
ixia:dj" YS% ,xld fg,sfldï" 2009 jir ;=< oS
ishhg 90 lska muK ,dN wvqlr .;a wdh;k fõ'
tfiau wdh;k rdYshla mdvq ,nñka isà' LKsc
f;,a kS;s.; ixia:dj" if;di" ñyska thd¾" jrdh
wêldßh iy ;j;a wdh;k rdYshla mdvq ,nñka
mej;sk' fufia mdvq ,eîug m%Odk jYfhka fya;=
ù we;af;a w;sßla; ld¾h uKav," úhoï jeäùu"
ÿ¾j, l<ukdldß;ajh iy m%d.aOk ysÕh wdosh
nj fldama jd¾;dj fmkajd fohs'
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
18
iuyr rdcH wdh;kj, fiajlhka yd jdyk
NdKavd.dr pl%f,aLKhkag mgyeksj
f¾Çh wud;HdxYhg ksoyialr we;' tjeks whf.a
fõ;k yd oSukd f.jkq ,nkafka Tjqkag m;aúu ,nd oS
we;s wdh;kh u.sks' ksoiqka f,i cd;sl ksjdi
ixj¾Ok wêldßh úiska remsh,a ñ,shk 9'77 la tjeks
fiajHhka 37 ksjdi yd boslsÍï f¾Çh wud;HdxYhg
fhoùu fjkqfjka f.jd we;' ;u wdh;khg iDcq
m%;s,dNhla ke;s fndfyda úg weu;sjrekaf.a foaYmd,k
lghq;= fjkqfjka fhdojd we;s wh i|yd fõ;k
f.ùug wod, wdh;k j,g isÿj ;sfí'
hqfrda 46"009"269 la ,nd oS ;snqKs 2011 f.dvìï ;Srh oreKq uqyqÿ Ldokhg f¾Çh wud;HdxY f,alïjrhd úiska re(
ud¾;= 31 osk isg jdrsl 20 lska f.jd ,la fjñka mej;Su ksid tu m%foaYfha ñ,shk 500 lg jeä fldka;%d;a .súiqï
wjika l< hq;= úh¡ 2008 cqks ui m%odk jYfhka ù f.dú;ekg yd fmd,a j,g t<öu l< hq;= jqjo wêldßfha
fvkaud¾la iud.ulg fldka;%d;a;=j j.dj flfrys th oreKq f,i n,md iNdm;sjrhd yd wOHlaI ckrd,ajrhd
msßkud ;snqKs' 2015 iema;eïn¾ 30 osk ;snQ nj ú.Kldêm;s jd¾;dfjka úiska tu iSudj blaujd .súiqïj,g
jk úg fuu Kh uqo,ska hqfrda fmkajd fohs' tfiau mjrd.;a bvï t<U ;snqKs'
23"004"634 la f.ùug b;sß ù ;snqKs' fjkqfjka ksis f,i jkaos f.jd ke;'
tu Kh uqo,g wu;rj jrdh wêldßh jHdmD;sh u.ska bosl< m%Odk uQ,sl jev ksu lsÍfuka wk;=rej
úiska fuu jHdmD;sh i|yd remsh,a f.dvke.s,s we;=¿ myiqlï we;s lsÍu boslsÍï w;aysgqjd ;snqko re( ñ,shk 315
ñ,shk 426'49 l uqo,la 2000 j¾Ifha fjkqfjka hqfrda ñ,shk 2'12 la jeh 3 la jQ f.jd ;snQ w;a;sldrï whlr
isg 2010 j¾Ih olajd ld,h ;=< úúO lr ;snQ w;r tys jákd hka;% iQ;% f.k fkd;snqKs' m%udo .dia;= o whlr
mqoa.,hkag yd úúO wdh;kj,g f.jd ksIalS%hj we;' flfia jqjo jHdmD;sfha f.k ke;'
;snqKs' boslsÍï wjika lr 2015 ú.Kldêm;s
jd¾;dj bosßm;a lrk úg jir 2 la wruqo,a iïmdokh lr .ekSu ÿIaalrùu
fuu jHdmD;sh iïnkaOj uQ,sl .;ù ;snqko tu f.dvke.s,s ish,a, fya;=fjka j¾I 4 lg jeä ld,hla
wOHhkhkag wod<j YlH;d wOHhkh Ndú;fhka f;drj ksIalS%hj mej;s nj boslsÍï kj;d ;snqKs'
yd mdßißl n,mEu we.hSfï tu jd¾;dfjka fmkajd fohs' jrdh
wOHhkh 1995 j¾Ifha isg 2001 j¾Ih M,odhs ;;a;ajhg m;alsÍug .;yels tu ld,h ;=< jHdmD;sj,g wod<
olajd ld, mßÉfPaoh ;=<oS fm!oa.,sl úl,am ls%hdud¾. wOHhkh lsÍu i|yd wemlr fjkqfjka re( ñ,shk 183'3 la
wdh;khla yd bxcsfkareuh ld¾hhka wod, Kh ÿka wdh;kh .dia;= wh jQ wu;r fldñia uqo,la f.ùug isÿj
ms<sn| uOHu WmfoaYl ld¾hdxYh lsÍulska f;drj bosßm;a ù ;snqk;a we;'
úiska isÿ lr ;snqKs' ta i|yd 2015 foieïn¾ 31 osk jk úg;a tu
ms<sfj,ska re( ñ,shk 24'48 la yd re( jHdmD;s ks¾kdhlhkag mgyeksj ;u
lghq;= wdrïN lr fkd;snqKs'
ñ,shk 1'22 la jeh lr ;snqKs' Bg ksjig wu;rj w;sf¾l ksjila ne.ska
wu;rj fjr< ixrlaIK 2015 jirg wod<j uyck ksjdi 177 la o" w;sf¾l ksjdi 2
fomd¾;fïka;=j yd uOHu mßir ksfhdackhka ^ck;djf.ka ,efnk ne.ska wjia:d 12 loS ksjdi 24 la o
wêldßh u.ska o wjYH ks¾foaY yd meñKs,s& flfrys wjOdkh fhduqlr jYfhka jákdlu re( ñ,shk 1342'68
wkque;sh fldkafoaisj,g hg;aj ,nd oS bka jeo.;a yd CIKsl wjOdkh fhduq la jQ w;sf¾l ksjdi 201 la ,nd oS
;snqKs' fuu uQ,sl wOHhkh u.ska úh hq;= uyck ksfhdack 37 lg ;snqKs'
jrdh jHdmD;shg wod,j j¾;udkfha wod,j remsh,a ì,shk 59'50 l úhoï
rch i;= bvïj, wkjir jHdmdßl
mek ke.S we;s uQ,sl .eg¨ ms<sn| mÍlaId lsÍfï oS rchg is¥jQ
ia:dk fjkqfjka ksjdi 6 la yd
jd¾;d lr fkd;snqKs' weia;fïka;= .; w,dNh re( ì,shk
wkqu; mßmdáhg mgyeksj ksjdi
10'56 la ú ;snqKs' 2016 jirg wod<j
jHdmD;sh l<ukdlrKfha oS ta i|yd 39 la w;sf¾l f,i ,nd oS ;snqKs'
uyck ksfhdackhka 26 lg wod,j re(
m%Odk ie,eiaula ms<sfh, lr wod< ì,shk 3'87 l úhoï mÍlaId lsÍfï oS kef.kysr m<d;a ud¾. ixj¾Ok
ld¾hhka bgq lrk ksYaÑ; rchg is¥jQ weia;fïka;= .; w,dNh wêldßh - ud¾. ixj¾Ok jHdmD;s
ld,jljdkq ;SrKh lr ls%hd;aul lr re( ì,shk 2'31 la ù ;snqKs' 59 la w;ßka jHdmD;s 13 l m%iïmdok
fkd;snqKs' ta wkqj jrdh ie,iqï lr
l%shdj,sfha oS ,xiqlrejka bosßm;a lr
boslr wjika lsÍug jir 18 l muK ta w;r kd.ßl mqk¾cSjk jHdmD;sh
;snqKq f¾Ü ñ, .Kka jeä lsÍu u.ska
wêl ld,hla .; lr ;snqKs' 2013 ;=< y÷kdf.k we;s wvqmdvq w;ßka
re( ñ,shk 174 l uq,H wl%ñl;d isÿ
j¾Ifha oS fuu jrdh ck;d whs;shg lSmhla my; oelafõ'
lr ;snqKs' thg wu;rj jeämqr uqo,a
m;alr ;snQ w;r 2015 foieïn¾ 31 osk
fldka;%d;a m%odkh lrk úg f.ùï .Kkdjla o y÷kdf.k we;'
jk úg;a lsis÷ jdKsc fk!ldjla
jrdh fj; meñK fkd;snqKs' jrdh ;rÕldÍj l< hq;= nj wOHlaI
ñ,aflda iud.u rcfha m%iïmdok
m%fõY ud¾.h je,s msÍfuka wjysr uKav,h ;SrKh lr ;sìhoS;a le|jd
ud¾f.damfoaY úêúOdkj,g mgyeksj
ùu;a jrd fíiu ;=<g je,s tl;= ùu fkd;snqKq fhdackd u; jákdlu re(
wju ,xiqj bosßm;a l<
ksid fkd.eUqre ùu;a fuhg fya;= ì,shk 57'4 la jQ fldka;%d;a 26 la
iemhqïlref.ka weiqreï øjH ñ,oS
f,i ksÍlaIKh ù we;' ;jo jrdh m%odkh lr ;snqKs'
fkdf.k jeä ñ, .Kka hgf;a
boslsÍfuka miq jrdhg W;=re foiska
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 19
lsßmsá weiqreï ñ,oS .ekSu ksid miqj tu ov uqo, re( ñ,shk 3 olajd ms<sn|j m,d,s" fld.a.," ys`.=rlaf.dv"
tl;=j re( ñ,shk 19'88 l uq,H wvq lsÍug lghq;= lr bka miqj ,enQ l=vdTh iy ùrú, we;=¿ úúO ia:dk
w,dNhla isÿ ù ;snqKs' wNshdpkhla mokï lrf.k re( ms<sn|j wOHhkh lr jd¾;d ms<sfh,
ñ,shk 1'5 la olajd wvq lsÍug f¾.= lsÍu" ñkqï lghq;= iy uq,a., ;eîfï
foaYSh wdodhï fomd¾;fïka;=j ksis wOHlaI fckrd,ajrhd ksfhda. lr W;aij meje;aùu jeks lghq;= i|yd
f,i nÿ wdodhï /ia lr ke;' we;' th f¾.= wd{d mKf;a úêúOdk re( ñ,shk 52'44 la jeh lr ;snqKs'
2016$12$31 jk úg whúh hq;=j mej;s j,g mgyeksh' uyck úfrdaOh we;=¿ úúO fyaa;= u;
ysÕ nÿ wdodhu re(ñ,shk 295296 ls' miqj tu m%foaY w;aayeß w;r tu mdvqj
wdkhkh lrkq ,nk NdKav we;=<;a ck;d lru; megfõ' u;a;, .=jka
2015 jif¾ fhdackd jQ kj nÿ wdodhï nyd¨ï úêu;a mÍlaIdjlg ,la f;dgqm, fylaghd¾ 2000 l N+ñ Nd.
04 la /ia lsÍug n,h ,nd oS ;snqko fkdùu ksid .eg¨ rdYshla we;sù hla fhdodf.k boslsÍï lghq;=
bka /ia lr we;af;a iqmsß jdis noao ;sfí' 2016 jif¾oS nyd¨ï 203"712 la 2009$11$17 osk wdrïN l< w;r ta
muKls' 2016 jir wjika jk úg mÍlaId lsÍu i|yd wod< wxY fj; i|yd wefußldkq fvd,¾ ñ,shk 243'7
leisfkda l¾udka; wh noao f,i wkqhqla; lr ;snqKq ks,OdÍka ixLHdj la jeh lr ;snqKs'
wfmalaId l< re( ñ,shk 3490 la wh 101 ls'
lr f.k ke;' .=jka f;dgqm, fufyhqï lghq;= i|yd
2016 jir wjika jk úg iqrdnÿ 2013 ud¾;= 18 osk újD; lrk ,oS'
2015 jif¾ oS ukaosr noao re( ñ,shk fomd¾;fïka;=j g whúh hq;= uq¨ ys`. tosk isg 2015 fkdjeïn¾ udih olajd
1000 wh lr f.k ke;' nÿ wdodhu re( ñ,shk 2545 la jQ w;r cd;Hka;r .=jka hdkdjka 14 la
tu iuia; ys`. nÿ wdodhñka ishhg 57 whym;a ld,.=K ;;a;ajh bkaOk ,nd
iaÓrj YS% ,xldj yer hk iEu YS% la j¾I 5 g jeä ld,hl isg mej; .ekSfï .eg¨ yd hdkdj, ld¾ñl
,xlslfhl=f.kau ráka msg;g tk nÿ wdodhï h¡ fodaI fya;=fjka lgqkdhl .=jka
f.khdu i|yd ksoyia lrk ,o úfoaY f;dgqm,g f.dv nEug fkdyels ù
úksuh u; ishhg 20 l ú.uk noao YS% ,xld hqo yuqod uQ,ia:dkh msysgqjd u;a;, .=jka f;dgqm, fj; fhduq l<
whlr f.k ke;' ;snQ bvu úfoaYSh iud.ï follg wjia:djka ms<sn| jd¾;d ù we;'
úl=Kd 2010 iy 2011 jir j,oS u;a;, .=jka f;dgqm, újD; lsÍfuka
fïjd whlr .; fkdyelsj we;af;a" ,ndf.k ;snQ re( ñ,shk 19"817'30 l miq foaYSh .=jka hdkd 03 la iy
whjeh f,aLkh bosßm;a lrk úg wdodhu 2014 wjika jk;=re;a taldnoaO úfoaYSh .=jka hdkd 03 la .uka wdrïN
ùrhl= fia idudkH ck;dj mskùu wruqo,g ner lr ke;' lr ;snQ kuq;a 2015 j¾Ih wjidkh
i|yd fujeks fhdackd bosßm;a l<o
jk úg tla .=jka hdkdjla muKla
uyd mßudk Okj;=kaf.ka tajd whlr 2016 ú.Kldêm;s jd¾;dj wkqj 2006 .=jka .uka wdrïN lr ;snqKs'
.ekSfï ienE foaYmd,k jqjukdjla j¾Ifha isg 2016 j¾Ih olajd j¾I 11
md,lhska ;=< ke;s neúks' l ld,mßÉfPaoh ;=< m<d;a md,k uyck Ök iuQydKavqfjka ,nd.;a
wdh;k iïnkaOfhka md¾Yjlrejka 2030 olajd j¾I 15 lska f.jd ksu l<
2016 jir wjika jk úg YS% ,xld 888 la fjkqfjka re( ñ,shk 70'92 l hq;= Kh uqof,a j.lSï .dia;= iy
f¾.=j uq¨ ysÕ nÿ wdodhu re( ñ,shk wêNdr ^ov& iy;sl 133 la ksl=;a lr l<ukdlrK .dia;= re( ñ,shk 1989'82
21316 la jQ w;r thska ishhg 59 la ;snqKs' 2017 cQ,s ui 31 osk jk úg bka la NdKavd.drh úiska f.jd ;snqKq
muK bl=;a j¾Ij, isg mej; tk re( ñ,shk 3'47 la fyj;a ishhg 4'89 w;r 2015 j¾Ifha oS f.úh hq;=j ;snqKq
tajdh' la muKla whlr f.k ;snqKs wod< wefußldkq fvd,¾ ñ,shk 8'4 la jQ
n,OdÍka úiska wêNdr whlr .ekSfï m<uq jdßlh iSudiys; .=jka f;dgm,
2015 jif¾ oS lgqkdhl .=jka ls%hdj,sh flfrys ksis wjOdkhla
f;dgqmf,ka re( ñ,shk 18'83 la jákd yd .=jka fiajd ^YS% ,xld& iud.fï
fhduqlr ke;s nj bka fmfkkakg flá ld,Sk fvd,¾ ;ekam;= uqo,a
úfoaY jHjydr uqo,a f;d.hla kS;s we;'
úfrdaëj uef,aishdjg /f.k hdug fhdod f.k f.jd ;snqKs'
W;aidy l< .=jka u.sfhl= u;a;, .=jka f;dgqm, 2009 j¾Ifha isg 2016 cqks olajd
iïnkaOfhka úu¾Yk ks,Odßhd úiska
fkdfrdÉfpdaf,a ,laúch n,d.drh
re( ñ,shk 50'50 l ovhla kshu lr úl,am .=jka f;dgqm,la boslsÍu

iudc wdrlaIK uKav,fha m%Odk

ld¾hd,fha mßY%h f,i
Ndú;d l< f.dvke.s,af,ka kshñ;
ld,hg fmr bj;aùu ksid b;sß udi 07
i|yd l=,sh jYfhka remsh,a 5"090"906$- la
f.ùug isÿúh' miqj m%udKj;a bvlv
iys; iaÓr ia:dkhla m%Odk ld¾hd,h
ia:dk.; lsÍu i|yd ,nd oS fkd;snqKs'
miqj rcfha ;lafiarelre remsh,a ñ,shk
165 la f,i ;lafiare lr ;snQ rdc.sßfha
msysá f.dvke.s,a,la remsh,a ñ,shk 195 la
f.jd ñ,oS f.k ;snqks'

2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾

20
YS% ,xld fg,sfldï iud.u jhsuelaia
;dlaIKh iïnkaOj fiajh wLKavj
mj;ajdf.k hdu i|yd wjYH jk ixLHd;hka
i|yd iSudiys; ialhs cd,fha fldgiaj,ska
ishhg 75 l fldgia remsh,a ñ,shk 108 la
jeh lr ñ<oS f.k we;s w;r tu iud.u jir
follg miqj jid we;' fmr§ o th u.ska l<
jHdmdßl lghq;= olakg ke;s w;r ;dlaIKho
l,a bl=;a ù we;' 2006 oS msysgqjk ,o tu
iud.u úiska l< tu .kqfokqj foi neÆ úg
iel Wmojhs' 2008 oS YS% ,xld fg,sfldï úiska
ñ< oS .kakd f;la ixLHd;hka r|jd ;nd
.ekSu yer fjk;a jHdmdßl lghq;= lr ke;'

i|yd iSudiys; .,a wÕ=re iud.u m%jdyk fomd¾;fïka;=jhs' mej;=k fyd;a wfma orejkag l=uk
m%iïmdok ls%hdj,sfha oS kS;s Í;s rgla Wreu úh yelso@ rfÜ uq,H
fr.=,dis yd ukd mßphkag wkqj 2016 oS uq¨ wdodhfuka nÿ wdodhu l<ukdlrKh .ek m%ldY flfrk
lghq;= lsÍug wfmdfydi;a ùu re( ì,shk 1414 ls' bka jl% nÿ wdodhu fldama jd¾;d" .skqï ldrl iNd
fya;=fjka re( ñ,shk 4145'43 l re( ì,shk 1205 la fyj;a uq¨ nÿ ^ fldamd& jd¾;d" ú.Kldêm;s jd¾;d
weia;fïka;=.; w,dNhla $ wu;r wdodhfuka ishhg 82'31 ls' 2015 wdosh iy udOHj,ska fy<sorõ flfrk
úhoula $ wdodhu wysñùula isÿj we;s jif¾oS wdodhï nÿ wdodhu re( ì,shk ¥IK wl%ñl;d ms<sn|j wm fld;rï
nj ú.Kk jd¾;dj fmkajd fohs' 263 la ,nd we;s w;r 2016 oS tu wjosfhka isákafkao@ ck udOH jqjo
wdodhu re( ì,shk 259 la ù we;' fmr lS jd¾;d ms<sn|j rg ;=<
2014$15 j¾I j,oS iy,a wdkhk vfï wkqj meyeos,s jkafka whjeh m%udKj;a ixjdohla f.dvke.Sug fok
ls%hdj,sh ;=< if;dig isÿ ù we;s wjia:dj,oS Okm;skaf.ka nÿ uqo,a odhl;aajh l=ulao@ w,a,ia ¥IK jxpd
w,dNh re( ñ,shk 15157 ls' wdkhksl whlr .kakd nj lSj;a Tjqkaf.ka ,nd wju lsÍu i|yd msysgqjd we;s rdcH
iy,a fu'fgd' 57600 la tkï wdkhksl .kakd nÿ wvq lrñka jl% nÿ f,i wdh;k ;ukag meñKs,s ,efnk ;=re
iy,aj,ska ishhg 22'36 la wvq ñ,lg idudkH ck;djf.ka yd nyq;rhla n,d fkdisg mqj;am;a j,ska fy<s
i;aj wdydr i|yd wf,ú lr we;' jk wvq wdodhï ,dNSkaf.ka wh lr flfrk f;dr;=re miqmi yUd
.kaakd njhs' fkdhkafka l=ula ksido@ tlS wdh;k
2016 ú.Kldêm;s jd¾;dj wkqj msysgqjd ;sfnk mk;a j, we;s ÿ¾j,;d
cd;Hka;r ixj¾Ok wruqo, úiska fufia tl;=lr .kakd uqo,ska ishhg ke;s lsÍug iudcfhka y~la
uqo,a iemhQ mia wjqreÿ jHdmD;shla jk 40 lg jeä uqo,la w,a,i" ¥IKh" fkdkef.kafka ukao@ isú,a iudc
fojk fi!LH wxY ixj¾Ok jHdmD;sh wld¾hlaIu;djh" fkdie,ls,a, ksid ixúOdk" jD;a;Sh iñ;s" ck udOH" iy
2013 j¾Ifha oS wdrïN lr ;snqK w;r ck;djg wysñ jk w;r" úYd, uqo,la wd.ñl kdhlhska fï ;;a;ajh fjkia
2018 jif¾oS wjika lsÍug kshñ;j rgg úk lrk foaYmd,lhska kv;a;= lr jvd hym;a rgla f.dvke.Sug
;snqKs' 2013 jif¾ isg 2016 jif¾ lsÍug jehfõ' fkdmudj fmrg wd hq;= nj isysm;a
wjidkh olajd jq j¾I 04 loS re( lrñ'
ñ,shk 5584 l m%;smdok i,id ;snqKq md¾,sfïka;= uka;S%jreka 225 fokd
w;r ;:H úhou jQfha re( ñ,shk i|yd 2016 jirg re( 258"582"312$-
2818 ls' oSukd f,i jeh ù we;' 2016 jif¾
md¾,sfïka;=j osk 97 la mj;ajd we;s
2016 jif¾ rfÜ uq¨ wdodhu remsh,a w;r tu j¾Ifha md¾,sfïka;=fõ úhou
ì,shk 1699 la úh' mqkrdj¾;k úhou remsh,a tlish yeg tla fldaá wkQmka
re( ì,shk 1771 ls' ta wkqj rfÜ uq¿ ,laI wgish ;=kla ^re(161"95"00"803$-&
wdodhu jegqma f.ùï jeks wLKavj la ù ;sfí md¾,sfïka;=fõ udihl
jßka jr isÿ l< hq;= úhoï mshjd úÿ,s ì, ,laI 80 la muK fõ'
.ekSugj;a m%udKj;a fkdùh'
437 la jk ish¨ m<d;a iNd uka;S%kag
2015 foieïn¾ 31 osk jk úg jirlg jeh jk uqo, remsh,a wiQ
ckrcfha uq,H m%ldYk wkqj mej;s fofldaá tla ,laI oykj oyia yhish
uq¨ Kh m%udKh j¾Ifha ck.ykh y;,sia wgls ^820"119"648$-&'
iu. iei|Sfï oS tal mqoa., Kh
m%udKh re(331655$- la ù ;snqKs' m<d;a md,k uka;S%ka 8436 fokdg
oSukd i|yd jirlg remsh,a fldaá 151
, kS;{ s
2015 jif¾oS iuia; rdcH wdodhfuka la jeh fõ' úkaikaÜ nq,;aixs y,
ishhg 89 la Wmhd oS we;af;a wdh;k
fujka ;;a;ajhla ;=< rg fufia fyda
ckdjfndaO flakøa h
4 la u.sks' tajd kï YS% ,xld f¾.=j"
foaYSh wdodhï fomd¾;fïka;=j" iqrd mej;Su .ek wm i;=gq úh hq;=
nÿ fomd¾;fïka;=j iy fudag¾ fkdfõo@ tfy;a fï ;;a;ajh fufiau
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 21
nhsn,h
fmkajd fok
.e,ùu
fm!oa.,sljo"
iduqySljo
w;aúÈk
úuqla;shls'
Y=oaO jq nhsn,h ;=<ska fmkajd fokafka l=uk wdldrfha úuqla;shlao@ mqoa.,fhla fuf,dj
Ôú;h wjidkfhaÈ Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a wd;auh iaj¾. rdcHfhaÈ ,nk iod iem; f,i
.e,ùu w¾: ±laùu idudkH l%sia;= O¾fudmfoaYfhys isÿ flf¾' tfy;a th .e,ùu mss<sn|
tla w¾:l:khla muKs' th ieneúkau —úuqla;sh˜ ms<sn| nhsn,Sh w¾: l:khg jvd .%Sla
w¾:l:khls' th fÊiqf.a ld,hg miqj l%sia;shdks foaj O¾uhg we;=¿ jq w¾:l:khls'tfiau
nhsn,h fmkajd fok .e,ùu yqfola fm!oa.,sl .e,ùula fkdfõ' th fm!oa.,sljo"
iduqysljo w;aúÈk úuqla;shls' ;jo nhsn,h fmkajd fok úuqla;sh yqÿ udkjhd muKla
,nk úuqla;shlao fkdfõ' th uq¿ uy;a ueú,a,u úYajhu w;aolsk .e,ùuls' kj
ñksfila" kj iudc wd¾Òl l%uhla" kj wyila yd kj fmd<jla we;s ùuls'

ú uqla;sh hk jpk wo jk úg
fndfyda wd.ñlhska ys;kafka
wd.u O¾uhg mgyeks jpkhla f,ihs'
.e<ùfï b;sydih f,i iïm%odhsl
foaj O¾uh ;=< È mjd m%ldYhg m;a
fõ' l%sia;shdksfha foúhka jykafia
f,i ne,Suhs' ta ksidu Y=oaO
jq nhsn,h ,sheú we;af;a mSvl
rcjrekaf.a b;sydihla f,i fkdj
úfYaIfhka iïm%odh ;=< we,s .e,S ^hyafõ& udkj b;sydih ;=< ñksia mSä; jy,a ck;djf.a b;sydihla
isák wd.ñl kdhlhska fuu jpkhg m%cdjla y÷kd.kafkau úuqla;s jYfhks' uQ,sl jYfhka BY%dh,a
mjd udrdka;sl ìhla olajk nj wr.,hla ;=<hs' tkï Bðma;= foaYh ck;djf.a b;sydih yd fmdÿfõ udkj
fmfka' Bg fya;=j —úuqla;sh˜ fjkqjg ;=< isá jy,a ck;djla ksjy,a nj b;sydih ms<sn| l;dkaorhlao .e,ùu"
—jy,anj˜ mj;ajd .ekSug wd.ï fidhd .sh .uk fyj;a kslauhdfï úuqla;sh wruqkq fldgf.k ,sheú we;'
m%dfhda.Slj odhl fjñka isàu hehs .uk ;=<hs' j¾;udkfhaÈ ls;=kqjka ta ksid Zúuqla;shZ bj;a l< úg
ks.ukh l< yelsh' ;u úYajdi ,laIKh m%ldYhg m;a nhsn,hg;a" foúhka jykafiag;a"
lroa§ —wyi fmd<j uejq i¾j n,Odß fÊiqia jykafiag;a l%sia;shdks
j¾;udk ;;a;ajh hgls mßÈ jqj;a foúhka jykafia˜ f,i foúhka g weoys,a,g;a w¾:hla fkd,efí'
ish¨ wd.ñl Ydia;Dka jykafi,df.a ye¢kajQj o udkj b;sydih ;=< uq,a
wruqK jQfha úuqla;s ud¾.hla fmkajd jrg fï foúhkaj y÷kd .kafka úuqla;sh fln÷ tllao @
§u nj ieÕúh fkdyelsh' Tjqka jod< ^hgls kslauhdfõ w;a±lsu ;=<& wmj
O¾uh hgm;a fldg wd.ñl ixia:dj" jy,alñka ksoyia l< foúhka Y=oaO jq nhsn,h ;=<ska fmkajd fokafka
idikh" iNdj biau;= ùu fya;= fldg jykafia˜ hkqfjks' tkï úuqla;sodhl l=uk wdldrfha úuqla;shlao@
f.k udkj úuqla;sfha ±lau yd foúhka jykafia jYfhks' ls;=kq mqoa.,fhla fuf,dj Ôú;h
Ndú;h wd.ï j,ska úfhda ú ;sfnk f,dalh fÊiqia jykafiaj kï wjidkfhaÈ Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a
nj o ks.ukh l< yelsh' lrkafkao—.e<jqïlrejdfKda˜" — wd;auh iaj¾. rdcHfha È ,nk iod
úuqla;sodhlhdfKda˜ hkqfjks' iem; f,i .e,ùu w¾: ±laùu
úuqla;sfha b;sydih meyeÈ,s f,iu úuqla;sfhka f;dr idudkH l%sia;= O¾fudmfoaYfhys isÿ
l%sia;shdkshla ke;' l%sia;shdksfha we;s flf¾' tfy;a th .e,ùu mss<sn| tla
l%sia;shdkskaf.a Y=oaO jq .%ka:h jk w¾:h úuqla;s flakaøshj b;sydih foi w¾:l:khla muKs' th ieneúkau —
Y=oaO jq nhsn,h ;=< ,sheù we;s ne,Suhs' b;sydih .e,ùfï b;sydih úuqla;sh˜ ms<sn| nhsn,Sh w¾:
l;dkaorh úuqla;sfha b;sydih fyj;a f,i ne,Suhs' úuqla;sfha b;sydih l:khg jvd .%Sla w¾:l:khls' th
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
22
fÊiq ;=ud b;d meyeÈ,s f,i ;u úuqla;s
fufyjr mSä;hd iuÕ wkkH lrk fial'
È<skaod iuÕ wkkH lrk fial' fuu È<skaod hkq
yqfola is;ska È<skaod hkak fkdfõ' ta nj y÷kd
.ekSug kï wm È<skaod fyda ÿ.shd i|yd fhdok ySnDD
jok f;areï .; hq;=h' tu jok kï ˜wkdúï˜ fyda —
wkSï˜ h' tys w¾:h È<skaokah" mSä;hskah' n,j;=kaf.a
yd Okj;=kaf.a f.dÿre njg m;ajQjfkah' ieneúkau
wd¾Ól f,i ÿ.S whh' .e,ùu jvd;a wfmlaId
lrkafka fuu ÿ.ska yd mSä;hskah'

fÊiqf.a ld,hg miqj l%sia;shdks foaj lrk fial' È<skaod iuÕ wkkH lrk
O¾uhg we;=¿ jq w¾:l:khls'tfiau fial' fuu È<skaod hkq yqfola is;ska fojkqj th Ôú;fha w¾:h wruqK"
nhsn,h fmkajd fok .e,ùu yqfola È<skaod hkak fkdfõ' ta nj y÷kd ksoyi úuqla;sh iuÕ neÿkq wr.,hls'
fm!oa.,sl .e,ùula fkdfõ' th .ekSug kï wm È<skaod fyda ÿ.shd hg;a Ndjhg jy,a Ndjhg myr §ug
fm!oa.,sljo" iduqysljo w;aúÈk i|yd fhdok ySnDD jok f;areï .; úkdY lsÍug tfrys wr.,hls'
úuqla;shls' ;jo nhsn,h fmkajd fok hq;=h' tu jok kï ˜wkdúï˜ fyda — foaYmd,lsk wd¾Ól iudÔh ksoyi yd
úuqla;sh yqÿ udkjhd muKla ,nk wkSï˜ h' tys w¾:h È<skaokah" ;Dma;su;a Ôú;hla Èkd .ekSu i|yd
úuqla;shlao fkdfõ' th uq¿ uy;a mSä;hskah' n,j;=kaf.a yd Okj;=kaf.a wr.,hls' Bg fjkia n,f,daNs
ueú,a,u úYajhu w;aolsk .e,ùuls' f.dÿre njg m;ajQjkah' ieneúkau cd;sjdÈ" jrKjdÈ wr., o ke;=jd
kj ñksfila" kj iudc wd¾Òl wd¾Ól f,i ÿ.S whh' .e,ùu jvd;a fkdfõ' tfy;a tajd ie,lsh hq;af;a
l%uhla" kj wyila yd kj fmd<jla wfmlaId lrkafka fuu ÿ.ska yd ck wr.,h f,i fkdfõ' .egqï fyda
we;s ùuls' mSä;hskah' n,y;aldr fh§ï jYfhks'

—iñ|dfKda fufia jodrK fial' uu fuu ÿ.Ska yd mSä;hska g mjik l%sia;shdksh wr.,fhka Wmkakls
w¨;a wyilao w¨;a fmd<jlao iqNdrxÑh l=ulao @ —Tn fuu ÿla mSvdj
ujkafkñ' miq.sh foa u;la ordf.k isákak' túg Tng iaj¾.fhaÈ l%sia;shdkska woyk foú÷kaj udkj
lrkafkaj;a" isyslrkafkaj;a ke;' ud iod iem; ,efíú˜ lshk mKsjqvho@ b;sydih ;=< y÷kd .kafka zkslauhduZ
jpk w¨;a fcrei,u m%s;sfhka lsisfia;a ke;' fÊiq tjekakla lsisÿ keue;s ft;sydisl wr.,h ;=<hs' ta
mQ¾Kjkafkah' tys jeisfhda fidïkiska úgl fkdmjik fial' ÿ.Skag mjik l%sia;= mQ¾j 1446 - 1406 ;rï wE;
fjfi;s'˜ iqNdrxÑh jkafka È<s÷lñka yd ld,hlhs' kslauhdu hkq ta hq.hg
^iïmQ¾Kfhka lshjkak fhidhd mSvkfhka úuqla;sh ,eîu ms<sn| idfmlaIj wêrdcHhla jq ñirh ;=<
65$17-25& iqNdrxÑhhs' hqla;sh yd idOdrK;ajh jir 400 l muK ld,hla jy,aNdjfha
ms<sn| iqNdrxÑhhs' ieug fm%auh isá ck;dj ^miqj BY%dh,a cd;sh njg
.e<jqïlrejdKka f,i fÊiq ;=uka hqla;sh yd idOdrKh msß iudchla" m;a jQ& tu jy,aNdjfhka ñÈ ksoyi
m%ldY l< .e,ùu l=ulao@ ld,hla Wodlr.ekSu fyj;a foaj rdcH Èkd .ekSfï wr.,hhs' foaYhla Èkd
ms<sn| iqNdrxÑhhs' wd¾Óluh f,i .ekSfï wr.,hhs' tu wr.,hg
—È<s÷kag iqNdrxÑh foaYkd lrkq jia mSvdjg m;aùu mj;sk ;dlal,a wkqNdjh iemhq foúhkaj tu ck;dj
Wkajykafia ud wdf,am l< fial' iudchla ksoyia jkafka ke;' ta ksid kï lrkafka zzwmj jy,aNdjfhka
jy¨kag ñ§uo wkaOhkag fmkSu o È<s÷ka ke;s wd¾Ól l%uhla foú÷kaf.a ksoyia l< foúhkaZZ jYfhks' tu
,efnk nj okajkakg;a mSä; jQjka leue;a;hs' fmdfrdkaÿ foaYh ;=< wr.,hg kdhl;ajh ÿka fudafiiaj
uqokakg;a iajdñka jykafiaf.a meje;sfha tlS ifydaor;ajfha wd¾Ól foú÷ka ta i|yd le|jkafka fufiah'
m%ido,;a jir m%ldY lrkakg;a ud l%uhhs' zzñirfha isák udf.a fikÕf.a ÿ(lS;
tjd jod, fial' ^¨la 4$18-19& ;;a;ajh uu Èáñ Tjqkaf.a
úuqla;s wr.,h úOdhl;ajhkag úreoaOj k.sk fudr
tu úuqla;sh úfYaIfhka È<s÷ka yd .eiSug uu ijka ÿksñ' Tjqkaf.a
mSä;hska uq,a lrf.k we;sjkakls' úuqla;sh Wod lr .ekSfï uÕ foú¬ck ÿlafõokd uu fyd¢ka oksñ' ñir
th;a w;aúÈh yelafla uq¿ ñksia wr.,hs' hg lS f,iu l%sia;shdksh cd;skaf.a w;ska Tjqka uqod ta ráka
ixy;shu mSä;hskaf.a .e,ùug l%shd b;sydih ;=< u;= jkafka úuqla;sh Tjqka msg lrjd idrj;a úYd,
lsßu ;=<h' tu úuqla;sh uq¿ ñksia i|yd jQ wr.,hla ;=<hs' kslauhdu hkq foaYhlg Tjqka muqKqjd,Su i|yd uu
ixy;shgu w;a±lsh yelafla ta foõ¬ck wr.,hhs'udkj b;sydih nei wdñ'
fidndoyuo úYajho fm%aufha meje;aula wr.,fha b;sydihls' m<uqj th ;u
;=< mj;sk úg§h' meje;au i|yd lrk ,o wr.,hls' ±ka b;ska fukak BY%dh,a ck;djf.a
fidndoyu iuÕ fmdr nÈñka fudr .eiSu udfj; ke.S we;' ;jo
úuqla;sh yd mSä;hska fidndoyfï kS;sÍ;s y÷kd.ksñka wõ ñir jdiska fok orekq mSvdjka o ud
jeis" ueis" uÿre i;d isõmdjd iuÕ ±l we;' tneúka ±ka b;sx tkak udf.a
fÊiq ;=ud b;d meyeÈ,s f,i ;u fmdrnÈñka Ôj;aùu Wfoid l< fikÕ j; bY%dh,a ck;dj ñirfhka
úuqla;s fufyjr mSä;hd iuÕ wkkH wr.,hls' msg;g f.k hkq msKsi uu kqU
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 23
mdrdfjda fj; hjñ' ^Y=oaO jq nhsn,h ,xldfõ ck wr., j, fmdÿ idOlh úkhOrekag tfrysj;a l< m%ldYk
kslauhdu 3$9-10&fuu nhsn,a mdGh jkafka tajd ish,a,u rdcHhg tfrys fuhg kso¾Yk imhhs'
;=< zzck wr.,fha foõoyuZZ wmg wr., njg m;aj ;sîuhs' ck;d
ukdj y÷kd.;a yelsh' m%:ufhka wmg wr.,j,g fya;= jk m%Yak ks¾udKh zzmßisjrekaf.a o iÈisjrekaf.a o uqyqka
y÷kd.; yelafla ksoyi Wfoid lrk jkafka rdcHh úiska l%shd;aul lrk j,ska mßiaiï jkakZZ
ck wr.,h hkq zzfoõ ¬ ck wd¾Òl yd foaYmd,k l%uh u.sks' fï
wr.,hlaZZ njhs' foaj ck;dj hkq ksid ck wr., u¾Okhg rdcH b;d zzúkhOrfhks" mßisjreks fflrdál jQ
mSvdjg m;a ck;djhs' f;dard.;a ;srYaÑk f,i ueÈy;aùu uE; Tng jk úm;l uy;ZZ
ck;dj hkq BY%dh,a ck;dj fkdfõ b;sydifha ±lsh yelsh' r;=miaj, j;=r
mSvdjg m;a ck;djhs' foúhka ms<sn| m%Yakh úi|k f,i b,a,d isá j;auka udOH" iudch ;=< ck wr.,
isákafka mSä; ck;djf.a me;af;ah' ck;djg tfrys m%ydrh" bkaOk ñ, j,g tfrys oDIaájdohka jemsÍu b;d
foú÷ka Tjqkaf.a me;af;a isákafka by,hdug tfrysj y,dj; ck;dj l< m%n,j isÿùu .eUqßka ie,ls,a,g .;
Tjqka fyd| ksid fkdfõ' Tjqka mSä; wr.,hg tfrysj l< m%ydrh" ksoyia hq;=j we;' fmdaÜisáh ms<sn| isri
ksidh' foaj wNsu;h jkafka Tjqka ÿl fj<| l,dmfha w¾:idOl wr.,hg udOH cd,h yryd lrkq ,enq n,mEu
;=< mSä; nj ;=< isàu fkdfõ' mSä; tfrysj l< m%ydrh" ihsgï úfrdaê isiq fou< ck;djf.a fï fudfydf;a bvï
núka ñÈ i;=áka m%S;sfhka ksoyiska igkg tfrys m%ydrhla úiska fmkajd ksoyia lr .ekSu jeks wr., j,g
Ôj;a ùuhs' fudafiiaj le|jkafka ta fokafka fï l=ßre h:d¾:h' tfrysj cd;sjdÈ rdcmlaIjdÈ mqj;am;a
wr.,hg kdhl;ajh §ughs' yd udOH u.ska yd wd.ñl mqcH
ck;djf.a ÿl olsk wfodakd wefik j¾;udkfhaÈ rdcHh ck wr., mQcljreka u.ska lrk oDIaájdÈ
fõokdj ±fkk foúhka wr.,h ;=<g u¾Okh lsÍug ish mSvdldß WmlrK n,meï Bg ksoiqkla' wr.,h ;=<
nei ths' ta ksidu th foúhkaf.a yd jk yuqod" fmd,sish" wêlrKh" fuls oDIaájdohkag tfrysj isÿ lrk
ck;djf.a wr.,hls' nkaOkd.drh jeks ± fhdod .ekSug u;jdÈ wr.,h o b;d jeo.;a fõ'
wu;rj oDIaájdÈ WmlrK b;d ieyeis
ck wr., yd m%uqL wr.,h f,i fhdod .ks' cd;sjdoh" jd¾.sl ck wr., foaYmd,kh yd wd.u
iafjdka;ujdoh" wd.ïjdoh"
ck wr., u;=jkafka ck;d m%Yak uq,a ixj¾Okjdoh fujeks oDIaájd§ ck wr., j,g foaYmd,khla mj;s'
lrf.kh' tlS ck;d m%Yak úi£ug WmlrK fj;s' ck wr., u¾Okh foaYmd,ksl fkdjk ck wr., ienE
rdcHh wiu;a jk úg§h' rdcH úiskau i|yd ;%ia;jdohg Wmldr lsÍu rdcH wr., jkafka ke;' wd.ñl kdhlhska
ck;dj u; mSvkh mgjk úg§h' wdrlaIdjg ;¾ckhla ùu' uyck jr kÕk ckm%sh igka mdGhla jkafka
fya;=j g tfrysj isÿjk wr.,h" iuhg ndOd ùu" wd.ug we;s ;ek foaYmd,kh we;s kï tlS wr., j,g
wr.,h;a w;r ienE wr.,h fõ' ta ke;s lsÍu" foaYfødays ùu" tka' Ô' ´' odhl fkdúh hq;= njh' tfy;a tu
w;r ;=ru úúO M,hka j<lajd uqo,a j,g hg ù rg fn§u wdÈ igka m%ldYkhu mj;sk foaYmd,k l%uh
.ekSug o wr., l< hq;=hs' fmdaÜ mdG fhdod .ekSu ±lsh yelafla fï wdrlaId lrhs' ta m%ldYkhu
isáhg tfrys wr.,h" Wud Th oDIaÀjdÈ WmlrK jYfhks' foaYmd,khls' ck wr., foaYmd,ksl
jHdmD;shg tfrys wr.,h jeks wr., úh hq;af;a Bg mdol jk m%Yak
wjeish' tfy;a ta iuÕu jvd l%sia;shdksh fï wdldr foflau foaYmd,ksl jk ksidh' kuq;a wm
m%uqL;djh Èh hq;= wr.,h jkafka u¾Okhg mlaI fkdfõ' ishqïj jgyd .; hq;= jkafka mj;sk
fujeks jHdmD;s le|jk kj ,snr,a mdrdfjdajrekaf.a mSvdldß WmlrK j, wêm;sjdÈ foaYmd,k mlaI yd
fj<| fmd< wd¾Ól l%ufha w.;shg u¾Okhg tfrysj BY%dh,a ck;djf.a jHdmdrj, w;awvx.=j ck wr.,
tfrysj;a th l%shdjg kxjk fp!r .e,ùu Wfoid l%shd l< foú÷ka miqj m;aùug bv fkdÈh hq;= njhs' ,xldj
foaYmd,k l%uhg tfrysj;a lrk BY%dh,ajre úiska isfhdka ;=< fndfyda úg tu jro isÿ fõ' túg
wr.,hhs' wjfYaI wr., u.ska m%uqL iafjd;a;ujdoh fmrgq fldg f.k wr.,h mrdch jk w;r wêm;s mgq
wr.,fha fmdaIKh lsÍu isÿ úh hq;=h' wka cd;skag tfrysj isÿ lrkq ,enq foaYmd,kh ch.%yKh lrhs' ta ksid
mSvdjgo tl fia úreoaO fjhs' fÊiq ck wr., foaYmd,k wj Ndú;djg
rdcH yd ck;d wr., jykafia BY%dh,a uy cd;sjdohg ,laùfuka j<lajd .ekSfï wNsfhda.h
úreoaOj;a tys zu;jdÈ kdhlhska jk rg yuqfõ mj;s'
f.da,Sh Okjdofha j;auka wÈhr ;=< YS% kdhl mQclhska" mßisjreka"

ck wr., u;=jkafka ck;d m%Yak uq,a lrf.kh'

tlS ck;d m%Yak úi£ug rdcHh wiu;a jk
úg§h' rdcH úiskau ck;dj u; mSvkh mgjk úg§h'
fya;=j g tfrysj isÿjk wr.,h" wr.,h;a w;r ienE
wr.,h fõ' ta w;r ;=ru úúO M,hka j<lajd .ekSug o
wr., l< hq;=hs' fmdaÜ isáhg tfrys wr.,h" Wud Th
jHdmD;shg tfrys wr.,h jeks wr., wjeish' tfy;a ta
iuÕu jvd m%uqL;djh Èh hq;= wr.,h jkafka fujeks
jHdmD;s le|jk kj ,snr,a fj<| fmd< wd¾Ól l%ufha
w.;shg tfrysj;a th l%shdjg kxjk fp!r foaYmd,k
l%uhg tfrysj;a lrk wr.,hhs' wjfYaI wr., u.ska
m%uqL wr.,fha fmdaIKh lsÍu isÿ úh hq;=h'
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
24
ck wr.,j, wdlD;sh fukau jev lSmh Èjeisjr ld¾hNdrh udkj uy;æ ukao Tn iqj| ;,d" Y; mqIam"
ms<sfj,o fï hq.hg ißi,k f,i iu¾mKh lrhs' iqoÿre hk fuhska oifhka fldgi
kej; i,ld ne,sh hq;=h' ck wr., fokakdyqh' tfy;a hqla;sh o ohdj o
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk j, uqo,a —kqU,d ñÈj;= fld,a, ld.;a fohska weoys,a, hk jHjia:dfõ jvd nrm;,
mokñka Tíng /f.k hd hq;= w;r kqU,df.a f.j,a mqrjd .;a;dyqh'˜ ldrKd Tn meyer yßkakdyqh'˜ ^uf;õ
th tÈfkod mqreoafoka Tíng f.dia ^fhidhd 3$4& 23$23&
kej; m%;sIaGdmkh l< hq;=h' fuysÈ
j;auka ck wr.,j,g wkqNdjh —;uka muKla foaYfha jdih lrk
imhk wdOdrlhla f,i l%sia;shdks msKsi wkqkag bvlv ke;sjk ;rug
foaj O¾uh tys ienE yrfhka u;= f.hlg f.hla tl;= lrk fl;lg úuqla;sh yd jHjia:dj
lr.; hq;=h' th l%sia;shdksg muKla fl;la hd lr.kakd whg jk úm;l
iSud fkdù ,xldfõ ck uki ;=< uy;˜ ^fhidhd 5$8& fÊiqia jykafif.a by;ska Wmqgd ±la jq
;ju;a wdêm;H Wiq,k wd.ï ys m%ldYkh ;=< Wkajykafia meyeÈ,sj
O¾uhkag wod, lr .; hq;=h' ukao —udf.a fikÕ mSvkhg muqKqjk m%ldY lrkakls jHjia:dj,Sh' udkj
wd.u ck wr., Èh lr yeÍug msKsi whq;= kS;s mkjk kqU,dg jk úuqla;sh iy;sl lrk jHjia:dj,shla
oDIaájdÈ WmlrKhla f,i Ndú;d ùu úm;l uy;'˜ ^fhidhd 10& udkj iudchg wjYHh' nhsn,h
isÿjk ksidfjks' fmkajd fok úuqla;sh w;aolsk iudc
—w,a,ia f.k ÿIaghd ksfodia lr l%uh mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd foúhka
úuqla;sfha Èjeisjrh O¾ñIaghkaf.a whs;sjdislï meyer jykafif.a wdkqNdjh ;=<ska ñksiqka
.kakd Tng jk úm;l uy;˜ jHjia:djka we;s lr .ks' ta jHjia:dj
Y=oaO jq nhsn,h fmkajd fok úuqla;sh ^fhidhd 5$25& uq¿ukskau udkj úuqla;sh mokï
w;a±lsh yelafla foaj rdcHh ;=<h' lr.;af;ls' ta jHjia:dj ;=< u;= msgg
tkï foaj md,khla fyj;a foaj Èjeisjre iudc idOdrK;ajh ms<sn|j fmfkk jerÈ ^fndrelSu" fidrlu&
rdcHfha jákdlï ^hqla;sh idOdrKh y~ ke.=fjda fj;s' ta iudc muKla fkdj u;= msgg fkdfmfkk
fm%auh& u; mokï jQ iudc wd¾Ól idOdrK;ajh foaj leue;a; jk jerÈ o we;=,;a fõ' ^wka jia;= wdYd
l%uhla ;=<h' kslauhdfuka miq ksidh' iudc idOdr;ajh ì| jefgk fkdlrj& tfiau ta jHjia:dj ;=<
fmdfrdkaÿ foaYh ;=< f.dvke.=fka ;ek úuqla;sh wysñ ù hk ksidh' iudc" wd¾Òl" mdßißl hqla;sho
Okhg n,hg lS¾;shg f,dn n¢k ia:dms; lr ;sfí' in;a Èkh" in;a
ñksiqka rc lrk l%uhla fkdj ±yeñlu yd idOdrK;ajh j¾Ih" cqì,s j¾Ih jeks kS;s ksfhda.
foú÷ka ^iduh fm%auh" i;H hqla;sh& ;=< N+ñhg úfõl §u" Kfhka ksoyia
rc lrk l%uhls' ±yeñlu f,i ms<s.kafka hqla;sh lsÍu" jeks .eUqre idOdrK;ajfha
idOdrK;ajh bgq lsÍuhs' foúhka kshduhka mj;s' jHjia:dj,sh ;=<
ta l%uh ì| oukakg lõre fyda l%shd jykafia n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk mdßißl ix;=,kh wirKhka
lrk úg ta nj tä;rj fmkajd§u;a O¾ñIaglu thhs' fï i|yd nhsn,h jekaoUqjka úfoaYslhkaf.a ysñlï wdÈ
ÿlg mSvdjg úi÷u foaj rdcHfha NdIdj fhdod .kakd jpk folls' fndfyda ± we;=,;a fõ'
jákdlï iys; l%uh mj;ajd .ekSu ^ñiamdÜ } idOdrK;ajh" hqla;sh' -
nj fmkajd §u;a ;udg mejß we;s foaj fivdld } fifvla" ±yeñlu& nhsn,Sh udkj úuqla;sh yd mgq u;jdo
ld¾h f,i Ndr.;a wh Èjeisjre f,i fhÿï ;=< fï jpk fol fndfyda úg
nhsn,Sh b;sydih fmkajd fohs' tlg fhdod .ksñka iudc úfYaIfhka fÊiq ;=uka udkj úuqla;sh
nhsn,Sh b;sydih ;=< muKla fkdj" idOdrK;ajh ±yeñlu f,i wre;a i|yd ndOdjk cd;sjdoh" f.da;%jdoh"
bka msg;o nhsn,h ,sùu k;r jq .eka fõ' j;a ms<sfj;a muKla bgqlrk wd.ïjdoh ;Èka fy,d ÿgq fial' cqod
;ekska miqo f,dj mqrd fï Èjeisjre ±yeñlu fflrdál lula f,i fÊiq wd.ñl iafjd;a;ujdoh udkj
fufyjr l<" lrk wm fkdjkakg ;=ud fmkajd ÿka fial' úuqla;shg ndOdldß jk nj fmkajd
udkj b;sydih óg jvd fÄokSh jkq ÿka t;=ud z.e,ùuZ ish¨ cd;skag wh;a
ksh;h' nhsn,h ;=< Èjeisjre udkj —úkhOrfhks" mßisjreks fmdÿ w;a±lsu;a nj;a th f;dard.;a
úuqla;sh ms<sn|j l< my; m%ldYl fflrdÀlhska jQ Tng jk úm;l cd;shlg wh;a fohla fkdjk nj;a

ck wr., j,g foaYmd,khla mj;s' foaYmd,ksl fkdjk ck

wr., ienE wr., jkafka ke;' wd.ñl kdhlhska jr
kÕk ckm%sh igka mdGhla jkafka foaYmd,kh we;s kï tlS wr.,
j,g odhl fkdúh hq;= njh' tfy;a tu m%ldYkhu mj;sk
foaYmd,k l%uh wdrlaId lrhs' ta m%ldYkhu foaYmd,khls' ck
wr., foaYmd,ksl úh hq;af;a Bg mdol jk m%Yak foaYmd,ksl jk
ksidh' kuq;a wm ishqïj jgyd .; hq;= jkafka mj;sk wêm;sjdÈ
foaYmd,k mlaI yd jHdmdrj, w;awvx.=j ck wr., m;aùug bv
fkdÈh hq;= njhs' ,xldj ;=< fndfyda úg tu jro isÿ fõ' túg
wr.,h mrdch jk w;r wêm;s mgq foaYmd,kh ch.%yKh lrhs'
ta ksid ck wr., foaYmd,k wj Ndú;djg ,laùfuka j<lajd
.ekSfï wNsfhda.h rg yuqfõ mj;s'

2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾

 25

±yeñ lu f,i ms<s.kafka hqla;sh

idOdrK;ajh bgq lsÍuhs' foúhka
jykafia n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk O¾ñIaglu thhs' fï
i|yd nhsn,h NdIdj fhdod .kakd jpk folls'
^ñiamdÜ } idOdrK;ajh" hqla;sh' - fivdld }
fifvla" ±yeñlu& nhsn,Sh fhÿï ;=< fï jpk
fol fndfyda úg tlg fhdod .ksñka iudc
idOdrK;ajh ±yeñlu f,i wre;a .eka fõ' j;a
ms<sfj;a muKla bgqlrk ±yeñlu fflrdál
lula f,i fÊiq ;=ud fmkajd ÿka fial'

fmkajd ÿka fial' tod cqod ck;dj h W;al¾Ihg kxjd mSvdj fufyjrg lemùu wdOHd;añlNdjhhs'
úiska my;a hehs ie,l= Tjqkaf.a idOdrKslrKh lrñka ls;= oyfï tu fufyjr bÈßfha melsf,k
iq<Õj;a jÈkakg wlue;s jQ idrd¾:hg msgq md l%shd lsÍu werUq miq lsisfjl= foaj rdchhg kqiqÿiqh'
iuß;dkqjre ms<sn| wdl,am fÊiq ;=ud zudkj úuqla;shZ fldñkshqiaÜjdÈkaf.a
/äl,a f,i lKavkh lrkq ,eîh' Ndú;djla úh' ta ksid zúuqla;shZ —k.=,g w; ;nd wdmiq n,k lsisjla
hym;a iuß;dkqjrhdf.a Wmudj" wjOdrKh lrkakka fldñkshqiaÜjdÈka foúhka jykafiaf.a rdcHhg iqÿiq
iudßh ia;%Sh iuÕ l:dny" iudßh úh' YS% ,xldj ;=< kï iu ke;'˜
.ulska t;=ud fj; wd úfrdaOh .ek iudcldrhska fÊ'ú'fm ldrhska úh'
±lajq m%;spdrh Bg ksoiqka fõ' Tjqka fï mj;sk rdcHhg iqÿiq wh
ziqjhZ yd iqnidOkh l%sia;shdks fj;s' .eUqre wdOHd;añl;ajh hkq
fÊiq ;=ukaj urd ±óug m%Odk Ndú;dj njg ,>q úh' úuqla;sh jdu úuqla;s fufyjr i|yd ish,a,
jYfhka uq,a jQfha cqod iafjd;a;ujdÈ Ndú;djla úh' fy,av ludrd ro.=re w;ayeÍuhs'
wd.ñl yd iudc kdhlhska ùu fÊiq m%ldYfha moku fï miqìuhs'
;=ud cqod iafjd;a;ujdÈkag tfrysj l< úuqla;sfhka úfhda jQ wOHd;añl;ajh —;uka i;= ish,a, w;a fkdyßk
wr.,fha m%n, nj fmkajd fok jHdchls' iqj iykho iqN idOkho lsisfjl=g udf.a f.da,hl= úh
idlaIshls' wjYHh' tfy;a ta fol w¾:jkafka fkdyelsh˜
úuqla;s wr.,hla ;=<g tajd noaO ù
—túg kdhl mQclfhdao mßisjre o we;akï muKs' l%sia;shdksh iqj iykh .eUqre wdOHd;añl hkq úuqla;sh
fY%aIaGdêlrKh /ia lrjd —wms l=ula yd iqn idOkhg iSud lsÍu fÊiq oyu iy;sl lrk fm%aufha rdcHh ðú;fha
lruqo˜@ fï ñksid fndfyda ydialï úlD;s lsÍuls' l%sia;shdks wruqKq lr .ekSuhs'
lrhs' wm Tyqg bv yeßfhd;a ish,a,ka wdOHd;añl;ajh úlD;s lsßuls' th
Tyq woyd.kq we;' túg frdaujre foaj wmydihls' —m<uq fldg Wkajykafif.a rdcHho
meñKs wfma Y=oaOdia:dkhla" wfma O¾ñIaGluo fidhkak˜
cd;sh;a jkikq we;ehs lSy'˜ ^fcdydka fÊiq ;=uka mSä;fhl= olsk úg Tyqg
11$42& iqj iykh odkh l<d fiau l=i.sks iñ÷kag mqok W;a;Í;r mQcdj Y=oaO jq
ñksidg wdydro ÿka fial' kuq;a nhsn,h fufia fmkajd § we;' tïnd
úuqla;sh yd wdOHd;añl;ajh t;=udf.a ld¾hh jQfha mSä;hska ñ§u ukqIHh hym;a foa l=ula±hs iñ|dKka
jy¨ka ksoyia lsÍu yd úuqla;sh m%ldY jykafia Tng fmkajd § we;' t;=uka
hym;a wdOHd;añl;ajhla we;s wh lsÍuhs' fÊiq ;=ukaj >d;kh lrkq Tfnka b,a,kafka l=ulao@
wr., j,g hkafka kE' tu wr., ,nkafka t;=udf.a úuqla;s ¥;
l,yldßhs' fyd| wOHd;añl;ajh;a fufyjr ksidh' t;=udf.a iqjiyk yd hqla;sh bgq lsÍu;a"
;sfnk wh f,dalfha .e,ùu fjkqfjka iqn idOk ld¾hhka ksid fkdfõ'
hdÉ[d lrkjd' wka whg Woõ lrkjd wks;a w;g t;=udf.a iqjiyk yd ohd fm%au ±laùu;a"
jeks woyila wd.ñl iïu;hka ;=< iqnidOk l%shdo úuqla;s fufyjf¾u
wo mj;skjd' fï iïu; woyi wx. jQjd úkd bka neyer ueðla yd hgyka f,i Tfí iñ÷ka iuÕ
fy,av ludrd ro.=re ;=ud b;d w,xldr msxoyï lghq;= fkdùh' yeisÍu;ah' ^ñld 6$8&
f,i fufia m%ldY lr ;snqKd'
fÊiqia jykafia ls;=kqfjl=f.a wdOHd;añl;ajfha m<uq ,laIKh
—ud È<s÷kag Wmldr lrk úg ñksiqka wOHd;añl;ajh l=ulao@ hkakg b;d hqla;sh bgq lsÍuhs' úuqla;sh Wfoid
ud idka;=jrfhl= hehs mji;s' ud meyeÈ,s ms<s;=rla § ;sfí' tkï Èkm;d lemùuhs'
ñksiqka È<s÷ka jQfha wehs ±hs wik úg l=reish ordf.k tauhs' tu Èkm;d
Tjqka ud fldñhqksiaÜ ldrfhlehs l=reish hkq wNHka;r wr.,hls' l=ula , uyskao kdu,a
lsh;s'˜ ms<sn| wr.,hlao@ Okfha meje;aug
fm%au lrkjdo@ fm%aufha foú÷kag fm%au
iDcqju mjikafka kï wmg fufia lrkjdo@ fm%aufha l%uh fjkqfjka
mejish yel' zúuqla;shZ hk jok Ôj;a fjkjdo@ ta fol w;r yriaùula"
l%sia;shdksh úiska w;a yer oud Ziaj¾. w;a±lsñka ^l=reish& fÊiqf.a úuqla;s

2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾

26

rdcH n, wêldß
jev jiï l%ufõoh ksid
fjkia jQ ienE nhsn,Sh
idx>Sl;ajh
l%shd fmdf;a 2(42-47 ork idCIsh wkqj Y%djlhska b.ekakqfõo"
iyNd.slfï o" frdá leãfuyso" hdÉ[dfõo" ish,af,da tlafjñka iEu
fohu fmdÿfõ ;nd.;a iam%S;=j fÊiq ix>h ke;skï uq,a ix>h ;=< ;sìks'
tys ;snQ m%S;su;a nj yd ;Hd.jka;lu wka whf.ka m%idoh ,nkg ;rï
lreKla úhe' fï ix>fha uQ,sl flakaøia:dkh jqfka fm%aufha
iajdëk;ajhhs' th m%dKhdKkaf.ka ,enqKq §ukdjla ue muKla fkdj
tjlg ix>h ;=< jQ wr., uev f.ke .sh .ukl m%;sM, úhe' tys§
iajhx - f;areï .ekSu wkqj l%sia;shdks ix>hla jkdyS foúhkaf.a
ix>hls' l%sia;= ;=ukaf.a ix>hls' tfukaue m%dKhkaf.a .Dyhls' (Edward
Schillebeeckx, Ministry, p-05 ) foúhkaf.a hq.dka;fõÈh ix>h f,i
fodf<dia fokd tla ù lrk ,o fiajh ;=< idOdrK;ajh" fm%auh"
úYajdijka;lu yd O¾ñIag nj Èia úhe'

uq,a nhsn,Sh w;a±lSu fÊiq muKla ríì f,iska weu;Sug ika;l úhe' Bg fya;=j kï
Tyqg yels úh' ^uf;õ 23(8& fldkaiagkaghska l%sia;shdks ùue he'
l%shd fmdf;a 2(42-47 ork idCIsh wkqj mdjq¨;=udf.a wfmdaia;,sl kdhl;ajh ieÕ ù isà ls;=kqjka meñK neis,sld
Y%djlhska b.ekakqfõo" iyNd.slfï o" jkdyS fiajh i|yd muKla ue jQjlS' f.dvkÕñka rcjre fuka mQcljre
frdá leãfuyso" hdÉ[dfõo" ish,af,da th md,kh i|yd fkdjQjlS' ^1 we÷ï ilid rcjre .;s mej;=ï wdrEV
tlafjñka iEu fohu fmdÿfõ ;nd.;a fldßka;s 3(5" frdau 11(13&' kj .súiqu lr .kakd ,§' fuys ó<Õ m%;sM,h
iam%S;=j fÊiq ix>h ke;skï uq,a ix>h ;=< lsisúfgl f,dal kdhlhska n, jQfha iNdj ixia:d .; ùu he' frdau
;=< ;sìks' tys ;snQ m%S;su;a nj yd wêldrfhka lrk md,k l%u fï wêrdcH ì|jeàu isÿ jQ tl, uq¿ n,h
;Hd.jka;lu wka whf.ka m%idoh idx>Sl kdhl;ajh .ek lÓldfõ iNdj fj; meñKSu fya;=fjka iNdj
,nkg ;rï lreKla úhe' fï ix>fha fkdfhÈ;s' iuo¾Yl iqúfYaI j, ish¨ n,h mjrd .kakd ,§' fuys§
uQ,sl flakaøia:dkh jqfka fm%aufha olakg we;af;a Bg úreoaO jQ woyils' iNdj jerÈ foaYmd,k l%ufõohlg
iajdëk;ajhhs' th m%dKhdKkaf.ka ^udla 10(42" Æla 22(25" uf;õ 20(25&' yiqúhe' hqfrdamfha rc flfkl= m;a
,enqKq §ukdjla ue muKla fkdj uf;õ ;=ud ks;r zzl=vd jqjkaf.a jQfha mdmajrhdf.a wdYs¾jdoh ,nñks'
tjlg ix>h ;=< jQ wr., uev f.ke ix>hlaZZ f,i fmkajk ,§' ^mikroi frdauhg f.dia rclu ,nd meñKSu
.sh .ukl m%;sM, úhe' tys§ iajhx - hk jpkh iqúfYaIh mqrd olakg idïm%odh jqKd' fuys§ úfYaI fohla
f;areï .ekSu wkqj l%sia;shdks ix>hla ,efí'& fuys ksis nhsn,Sh w¾:h kï" isÿ jqKd' th wNsfhda.d;aulhs' ta
jkdyS foúhkaf.a ix>hls' l%sia;= fï idx>Sl kdhl;ajh yqfola foaj ndfíßhka wdl%uKh' bkamiqj
;=ukaf.a ix>hls' tfukaue rdcHfha O¾ñIaglu Wfoid muKla ìysjqfKa fjku iudc l%u fõohla' ta
m%dKhkaf.a .Dyhls' (Edward ñi mßmd,k ks,OdÍka iQodkï lsÍug ro< iudc l%uhhs' hï hï rgj,
Schillebeeckx, Ministry, fkdfjhs' fï ish,a, ;=< l%shd fmdf;a§ rcjreka" ro<hska yd md,kfha ksr;
p-05 )foúhkaf.a hq.dka;fõÈh ix>h wms olskq ,nkafka m%dKhdKka ish¨ jqKd' ro<hd i;=j úYd, j;= ;snqKd'
f,i fodf<dia fokd tla ù lrk b.ekaùï j, " fiajdjka ;=< m%Odkska fuys m%;sM,h jQfha" ro,hska
,o fiajh ;=< idOdrK;ajh" fm%auh" jk w;r" wms tys idCIslrejka jk mQcljrekaj m;a lr .ekSuhs' fujlg
úYajdijka;lu yd O¾ñIag nj njhe' isà ro<;=udj yd mQclhdj weu;=fõ
Èia úhe' ro.=re;=ud hkqfjks' miqld,Skj
jerÈ yerjqï ,CIh ro.=re;=ud tla tla .ïj, fiajhg
fuys§ uq,a iNd kdhl;ajh .eke mQclhska m;a lrkq ,enqjd' ld,Skj ta
igyka lsÍu WÑ; he' l%sia;= ;=uka yer ÿla mSvd ú¢ñka m%dKmß;Hd.s jQ mQclh l=vd m,a,s idod f.ke
fjk tjlg fï ix>h lsisfjl=g iNdfõ .uka uÕ ñ,dka wd{dj ro.=re;=udj ksfhdackh lrñka
zríìZ f,i;a weu;Su fkdyelsh' tkï" iuÕska l%s'j 320 jk úg iNdj rdc fjfikjd' fï l%uh miqj wkqu;
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 27
frdau wêrdcH ì| jeàu isÿ jQ tl,
uq¿ n,h iNdj fj; meñKSu fya;=fjka
iNdj ish¨ n,h mjrd .kakd ,§'
fuys§ iNdj jerÈ foaYmd,k l%ufõohlg
yiqúhe' hqfrdamfha rc flfkl= m;a jQfha
mdmajrhdf.a wdYs¾jdoh ,nñks' frdauhg f.dia
rclu ,nd meñKSu idïm%odh jqKd' fuys§ úfYaI
fohla isÿ jqKd' th wNsfhda.d;aulhs' ta ndfíßhka
wdl%uKh' bkamiqj ìysjqfKa fjku iudc l%u
fõohla' ta ro< iudc l%uhhs' hï hï rgj,
rcjreka" ro<hska yd md,kfha ksr; jqKd' ro<hd
i;=j úYd, j;= ;snqKd' fuys m%;sM,h jQfha"
ro,hska mQcljrekaj m;a lr .ekSuhs' fujlg
isà ro<;=udj yd mQclhdj weu;=fõ ro.=re;=ud
hkqfjks' miqld,Skj ro.=re;=ud tla tla .ïj,
fiajhg mQclhska m;a lrkq ,enqjd' ld,Skj
ta mQclh l=vd m,a,s idod f.ke ro.=re;=udj
ksfhdackh lrñka fjfikjd' fï l%uh miqj
wkqu; jqKd ,egrka lÓldfõ § ^l%s'j 1215&'
th iNdj wkqu; lf<a rdcH ;ka;%h yd hd hq;=
md,k l%ufõohla f,isks'

jqKd ,egrka lÓldfõ § ^l%s'j 1215&' fkdfõ' fuh nhsn,fha wkdjrKhg mdmajrhd mjik ,oafoa ;ud lsisu
th iNdj wkqu; lf<a rdcH ;ka;%h mgyekshe' ,eÊcdjls' fujka ks;shlg hg;a fkdjk f,isks'
yd hd hq;= md,k l%ufõohla f,iks' foaYmd,k my;a ks,n,hka wog;a ish,a,g by<ska ;uka whqre bka
.,md f.k l;sldfõ fh§u' ye`.úhe'
l%s'j 1563 fg%kaÜ l;sldfõ kshuh
wkqj ro.=rejreka m%foaYhla Ndr f.ke idïm%odhsl wm ksis f,i ta uq,a hq.h kj n÷ka ;=< kj jhska wjeis he
óiï kñka mQclhskaj m;alrkq ,eîu' ksfhdackh lrkafka kï" fmaÿre yd
fuys§ fl<ska ue rdcH ;ka;% mdjq¨ fofokdjeue fuys§ .; hq;= fõ' l%sia;shdks wd.u ;rï úuqla;sh .ek
l%ufõohg iu.dó jqKd' m<uq jeks th uq,a iNd b;sydihg fmkajkq l;d lrk wd.ula ke;s ;rï he'
f,dal rgj, fï l%uh úysÿkd' miqj ,nhs' tfyhska mdmajrhd by; úuqla;sh kï nhsn,Sh ;=< wm olskafka
wdishdj yd wm%sldkq uyoaùm j,g O¾u wfmdaia;=¿jreka fofokdj ksfhdackh tf.dvùuls'" tf;rùuls' (Exodus)
m%pdrh i|yd meñKs msßia wkq.ukh lrkq ,nhs' (vicar of Peter and Paul - fuys§ hula i|yka lrkg ßisfjñ'
lrkq ,enqfõ fï l%uhhs' ,dxlSl Vicarius petri et pauli) nhsn,Sh we,a*d yd Tfï.d (Alpha & Omega)
wdmgo Wreu jQfha ta foaYmd,k mKsúvhg wkqj ^uf;ja 25& wms hk iÕrdjl f,darkaia wdkkao mshku
l%ufõohghs' fï md,k l%ufõohgue ish,af,daue l%sia;= ksfhdacs;fhda b;d /äl,ajd§ woyila f.ke ±laúh'
miqld,Sk foaj O¾uh;a ks¾udK lrkq jkafkuq' tkï" wi,ajeishdg msysg jk th lÈu igykls' tf;rùug jvd
,enqjd' ;ek" msmdi jkakkag' îug fok ;ek" wmyiqu foa zyerhduZ f,i;a Tyq
frda.Skaj isrlrejkaj neyeolsk ;ek" ;¾lhka f.k ths' i;Ho th ue he'
jerÈ foaj ksfhdacl;ajh id.sks jQjkag lEu fok ;ek" ks¾jia;% tf.dvùug ish,a, lrmskakd hEu
jQjkag jia;% fok ;ek" wms l%sia;= wmyiqhe' wm iajdñhdfKda Bg
j¾I 1054 iNdj ;=< we;s jQ fn§u ksfhdað;fhda jkafkuq' iudk ue foiqula ÿka j. wu;lo@
fya;= fldgf.k 9 jk ,sfhda mdmajrhd i;H f,iska ue fï l;sldjg;a fmr" f.da,hl=ùug m%shjkakd flf,i
;udg iaj¾.Sh yd fmdf<dj u; n,h f;jk bkikaÜ (Innocent III - meñKsh hq;=o@ wo ck iudch mqyq
we;s j. lshd mdk ,§' th ks, Innocent hk bx.%Sis jpkfha wre; iïm%odhka t,anf.k ish,a, lrmskakd
m%ldYhla f,i;a olajk ,§' fuh zwysxilZ hkakhs' ta;a fï mdmajrhd .ufka h;s' ux.,H" fldä .ia" bßod
nhsn,Sh ixl,amhla jk zzW;a;u wysxil jQfjla fkdfjhs') mdmajrhd mQcdj" odkh" fmryer" kqjdk"
mQclZZ f;audj jerÈ f,i w¾: foaj ksfhdað;hd f,i uq¿ f,dalfhau il%fïka;= fj<|du wdÈh ish,a,u
ksrEmkh lsÍuhs' foúhkaf.a n,h ;ud i;=j we;s nj lshd mEfõ /f.k hEug jer orhs' t;ek
ksfhdað;hd (vicar of crist) tl, he' (Aloysius Pieris SJ, Providential úuqla;sh ke;'
wêrdcHjdÈhd m%isoaêfha fmkS isák Timeliness of Vatican II , p. 28) ;jo tf.dvùug o wmyiq he'
,§' fuh iNdj ;=< yd rdcH ;=< l%sia;shdks yd l%sia;shdks fkdjk ish¨ fï ish,a, mfil,d w¨;ska is;k
olakg ,enqK fmdÿ lreKls' miqj ckhd u; ;udg n,h we;s nj wjfndaOh f.k fok l%uhla wjeis he'
fuh mdmajreka úiska nf,ka /f.k fmkajk ,§' miqj wgjk fndksmia w¨;a wOHd;auhl= wjYH;djh ;Èka
mdúÉÑ l< ks, ;,hls' th mdmajrhd z.e,ùuZ ixl,amh jerÈ w¾: ±fka' il%fïka;=j,ska neyero .sys
fldkaiagkaghskaf.ka mej; wd ks,hla l:kh lrñka ish¨u ñksia j¾.hdg ckhdf.a úuqla;sh w;=re lrjk
f,i b;sydih lreKq fmkajhs' mdmaOQrhg hg;a jk j. fmkaú he' l%uhla wjeishe' fï óiï l%u" moú
tfyhska ñksia ks¾udKhla ñi (No Salvation Outside Papacy). ó<Õg l%u" ks, n," .;smej;=ï" fjkia úh
foúhka ÿka moú ;dkdka;rhla wysxil fkdjQ i;rjk bkikaÜ hq;= fõ' tajd fmr lshQ jevjiï

2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾

28
iNd kdhl;ajh mqyq foaYmd,k
iglmálï j, ksr; ù jir
.Kkdjla l,a.; flrE nj jegfya'
bka isÿ jQ ydksh iq¿mgq fkdfjhs' wOHd;auh
ÿ¾j, jkjdg jvd ÿIagùu fya;=fldg f.ke
ish,a, isÿúhe' foúhkaj olskak" foúhkaj
wykak iqúi,a uka§r ;kd" ñ, wÈl jia;=uhe
yd øjHh uehe foa ;=< w;rux jQ iNdjls' ta
fÊiq foaj rdcH .ek" hq.dka;fõ§ idx>Sl;ajh
.ek foaYkd lsÍug f.dhug" uqyqo winv"
ùÈ j," f.j,a j, ieß ierE nj iqúfYAIh
idCIsorhs' tfy;a wo iNd kdhl;ajhg fï
lshk ;eka fyda m%foaY ,eÊcdjg lreKls'
ish¨ oE ks, iNd .Dyhlg iSud lrñka
úYd, foõueÿre ;=<u ck;dj /ia lrjk" ish
wdh;k j, mßmd,k lghq;= .ek f;dr;=re
fok wd.ula .ek lshd md;s' th fÊiqf.a
idCIsfha .=Kd;aul nj fkdfjhs' fÊiq
tjka mßis l%shd wkqu; fkdl< nj
fudkjg meyeÈhs o@

l%ufõohka fõ' tajd uq,a ls;=kq - tjka mßis l%shd wkqu; fkdl< nj m%dKmß;Hd.S iNdjhs' fiajl;ajh ;=<
nhsn,Sh yrh lshd mkafka ke;' tajd fudkjg meyeÈhs o@ Ôú; mQcd l< iNdjhs' fï fmdÿ mQcl
uOH;k hq.fha ndOl ksu jQ mqyq iNdj fÊiqf.a Èúms§u ;=< Èkm;d wm
foaj,a he' tys iyNd.sYS,s;ajh" mQm .ï m%foaY ;=<" uqyqÿ iSud ;=< ú,a wi, wr., ;=< mQcd ù foaj ck;dj;a ùu
leãu" mQcdùu heÿu ke;' we;af;a .ejiqk l%sia;= ;=ukag ish foaj ld,Skh ^frdau12(1-2&' tys§ uOH;k
mßmd,k" foaYmd,k" taldêm;s tjka ;d;a;f.a fm%auh m%ldY lrkg wjYH hq.fha foaj O¾uh myù kj ñksia
w¾: Y=kH jHQyhlg w¨;a woyia jQfha tÈfkod ñksia Ôú; wr., ;=<sks' ckjkaokdjla ks¾udKh fõ' jev
flf,ia n,mdkafka o@ m%Yakhls" È.= úuqla;sh wka wh fjkqfjka fok ,oafoa jiï lnrf.dhdf.a wOHd;auh wfydais
.eg¨jls' fï jHQyhg kj m%.;sYS,S ish Ôú;h hd.hla fldg §fuks' lr,Su WÑ;he' tfyhska fÊiqf.a Ôú;
woyia .e,mqfjd;a l=ula isÿ fõo@ tys§ ñksid fjfyfik ;ek" nr Wiq,k hd.h ;=< iyNd.S fkdjk mQcl n,
jhskq;a kdia;s ù ;u Ndckh úkdY ;ek foúhka isák ;ek wjfndaO lr wêldß;ajh ;j;a wjYH ke;'
fõ' tfyhska w¨;a Ndckhl=;a" w¨;a .kakd yd wjfndaO lr§ug foaj wjYHjkafka fiajl;ajh ;=< Èú f.k
jhskq;a wjYH hq.hls fï w¨;a foaj O¾uhla kej; wjYHj we;' ta i|yd fmdÿ mQcljrh ;=< l%shdldÍ ix>hls'
O¾uhla" w¨;a tf;rùula" w¨;a wjYH úh hq;af;a úY, f.dvkeÕs,s tys§ mQcd ùu" jeh ùu ;sfí kï" th
úuqla;shla w;HjYH jk iuhla ±ka fyda wdh;k fkdfj;s' wjYHjkafka foaj ix>hls'
wmg wjYHj we;' idx>Sl fm%auh yd ne£uhs' kj woyia
yd tla jqqk wOHd;auhehs úYajdi hhs'
fjfyi jk ;ek isák foúhka
fmdÿ mQcl;ajh ;=< fmdÿ ix>hla
iNd kdhl;ajh mqyq foaYmd,k
iglmálï j, ksr; ù jir fojk j;sldkqq l;sldj meyeÈ,s f,i
.Kkdjla l,a.; flrE nj jegfya' n,wêldÍ mQcl flakaøhka yd tjka
bka isÿ jQ ydksh iq¿mgq fkdfjhs' iNdjla uq¿ukskau neyer lrk ,§'
wOHd;auh ÿ¾j, jkjdg jvd ÿIagùu th tys iam%S;=jg ue le<,ls' fldka.d
fya;=fldg f.ke ish,a, isÿúhe' mjik mrÈ fuys§ foaj ck;dj
foúhkaj olskak" foúhkaj wykak (People of God) kï ixl,amh iNdj
iqúi,a uka§r ;kd" ñ, wÈl jia;=uhe f;areï .; hq;=fõ' tfyhska jvd
yd øjHh uehe foa ;=< w;rux jQ wjYHjkafka fmdÿ mQcl;ajh
iNdjls' ta fÊiq foaj rdcH .ek" (common priesthood) ;=< idx>Slùu
hq.dka;fõ§ idx>Sl;ajh .ek foaYkd he' uOH;k hq.h ;=< mej;s
lsÍug f.dhug" uqyqo winv" ùÈ j," msróvdldr iNd l%ufõoh fuys§
,.re fvßla isßksu,a
f.j,a j, ieß ierE nj iqúfYAIh iyuq,skaue ke;s lr oud fojk ifydaor;=ud
idCIsorhs' tfy;a wo iNd kdhl;ajhg j;sldkq l;sldj wmg ,ndÿka kj zz;=,kZZ m¾fhaIK
uOHia:dkh" le,Ksh
fï lshk ;eka fyda m%foaY ,eÊcdjg ±lau ;=< ;j;a jevjiï l%uhla wjYH
lreKls' ish¨ oE ks, iNd .Dyhlg ke;' foaj ck;djg tf,i fiajl
iSud lrñka úYd, foõueÿre ;=<u iajrEmh ;=< fufyjr lrk mQcl
ck;dj /ia lrjk" ish wdh;k j, wêldÍ n,hka wjYH ke;' wo iNd
mßmd,k lghq;= .ek f;dr;=re fok kdhl;ajh uOH;k hq.h ;=< isr
wd.ula .ek lshd md;s' th fÊiqf.a jkafka ta ksidfjks' t;ek mQcl
idCIsfha .=Kd;aul nj fkdfjhs' fÊiq wêldÍ n,h we;' bka tydg we;af;a
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 29

wd¾Òl w¾nqo .fyka jegqKq rgg

jHjia:d w¾nqo f.dkd Wis .ekaùu
hï fyhlska uyskaog
md¾,sfïka;=j ;=< nyq;r n,h
;snq‚ kï th fkdfmkajd
md¾,sfïka;= ieis jdrh w;a
ysgqùug Tjqkg ;snQ jqjukdj
l=ulao@ l=uk WmamrjeÜáhla
fhdod fyda ;ukag wjYH uka;%S
ixLHdj fmkaùug jqjukd ld,h
,nd.ekSu md¾,sfïka;=j wl%sh
lsÍu miqmi ;snQ wruqK fkdjQ
njla flfia kï ;yjqre l<
yelso@ md¾,sfïka;=jg rfÜ w.
ue;s iïnkaOfhka ;SrKh lsÍug
bv fkd§ th w;a ysgqùu
uq¿ukskau m%cd;ka;% úfrdaë
l%shdjls' ck;d Pkaofhka m;al<
md¾,sfïka;=j wl%sh fldg
w;a;fkdau;sl f,i rfÜ md,kh
fjkia lrkafka kï th taldêm;s
l%shdjls' Tlaf;dan¾ 26 isg
jHjia:d úfrdaë m%cd;ka;% úfrdaë
udj;lg rg wj;S¾K ù we;s
fihls'

w ¾nqo ld,hla ;=<§ isÿùï jkafka

idudkH ld,hl isÿùï jkjdg
jvd fnfyúka fõ.j;ajh' 2018
ckdêm;s úiska rks,a úl%uisxy uy;d
w.%dud;H Oqrfhka bj;a l< nj
ckdêm;s f,alï ld¾hd,h ksfõokh
iïm%odhg wkqj l< hq;=j ;snqfKa
tlai;a ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkh
wdKavqfjka bj;a jQ miq ta jk úg
Tlaf;dan¾ 26 isl=rdod ikaOHdfõ lsÍu" 26 Èku rd;%S ckdêm;s f,alïf. isák w.ue;s f,iska rks,a úl%uisxy
,xldj ;=< mqmqrd hdu werô foaYmd,k a w;aikska wxl 2094$43 .eiÜ uy;dg ;jÿrg;a wdKavqjla f.khd
w¾nqoh fï jkúg fndfyda fõ.fhka ksfõokfhka rks,a úl%uisxy uy;d yelso keoao hkak fmkaùug idOdrK
fndfyda ÿrla .uka fldg we;' w.%dud;H Oqrfhka bj;a lsÍu yd ld,hla ,nd§ ^fuys§ Tyqg tjeks lsis÷
2094$44 .eiÜ ksfõokfhka uyskao wjldYhla ,nd § fkdue;&" Tyqg
Tlaf;dan¾ 26 rd;%S 7'45g muK tlai;a rdcmlaI uy;d w.%dud;H Oqrhg m;a wdKavqjla f.khd fkdyels kï
ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkh tÈk lsÍuo ksfõokh lsÍu hk isÿùï md¾,sfïka;=j ;=< Tyq mrdch fldg
wdKavqfjka bj;ajQ njg udOHj, yqfola fuu w¾nqofha wdrïNh jHjia:dkql+,j w.ue;s Oqrh
m<ùu" bka b;du iq¿ fõ,djlg miq muKla úh' wjidkhlg f.fkñka wk;=rej
tkï rd;%S 8g muK yÈisfhau uyskao rdcmCI yg md¾,sfïka;=
ckdêm;s bÈßfha uyskao rdcmlaI wod< isÿùïj, wkqms<sfj," tajd ùug nyq;rhla ;sfío hkak .ek
uy;d w.ue;s f,iska Èõreï §u" ta .; jQ b;du flá ld,h" fuu isÿùï md¾,sfïka;=j úuid Tyqg
iuÕu cd;Hka;r udOH úiska leìkÜ isl=rdod Èkl ld¾hd, fõ,djkaf.ka md¾,sfïka;=j ;=< nyq;r n,hla
udOH m%ldYl rdð; fiakdr;ak miqj tkï i;s wka;h mgka .ekau;a ;sfíkï muKla Tyqj w.ue;s Oqrhg
uy;df.ka yd weu;sjrekaf.ka ta iuÕ wdrïN ùu" rfÜ wdKavqjla m;a lsÍuhs' Tlaf;dan¾ 26 Èk isÿjQfha
.ek úuiQ úg rfÜ w.ue;s ;ju;a fjkia lsÍu jeks nrm;, lreKla fuu l%shdj,sh T¿fjka isgqùuls'
rks,a úl%uisxy uy;d nj lshd isàu" b;d fydr ryfia isÿ lsÍu jeks lreKq
w.%dud;H rks,a úl%uisxy uy;d ie<ls,a,g .;al, fuh ck;d úfoaY udOH fuu isÿùu jd¾;d fldg
úiskau;a ;ud ;ju;a rfÜ w.ue;s leue;a; fyda md¾,sfïka;= nyq;rh ;snQ wdldrfhkau th f,dalh jgyd
nj;a uyskao rdcmCI uy;d w.ue;s fyda u; isÿl< wdKavq fjkilg jvd .;a wdldrh meyeÈ,sh' frdhsg¾ mqj;a
f,iska Èõreï §u wdKavql%u jHjia: l+fgdamdhsl f,i l< l%shdjla nj fiajh th jd¾;d fldg ;snqfKa zzysgmq
djg mgyeks nj;a lshd isàu" miqj fmkS hkakg úh' md¾,sfïka;= ckdêm;s w.ue;s f,iska m;a lsÍu;a

2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾

30
iuÕ Y%S ,xldj w¾nqohl˜hkqfjks' uKav,h úisfrkafkah'˜ hkqfjka fmkaùug jqjukd ld,h ,nd.ekSu
zzckdêm;s úiska w.ue;s bj;a lsÍu;a olajd we;' md¾,sfïka;=j wl%sh lsÍu miqmi ;snQ
iuÕ Y%S ,xldj wdKavql%u jHjia:d wruqK fkdjQ njla flfia kï ;yjqre
w¾nqohl˜ hkqfjka ksõfhda¾la ghsïia w.%dud;H rks,a úl%uisxy Oqrfhka l< yelso@ md¾,sfïka;=jg rfÜ w.
mqj;am; th jd¾;d lf<ah' fjdIsxgka bj;a l< nj ckdêm;s ffu;%Smd, ue;s iïnkaOfhka ;SrKh lsÍug bv
fmdaiaÜ mqj;am; th jd¾;d lf<a zz Y%S isßfiak uy;d lshd isák wjia:dj fkd§ th w;a ysgqùu uq¿ukskau
,xldj wdKavql%u jHjia:d w¾nqohla jkúg by;ska oelajQ tlo jHjia:duh m%cd;ka;% úfrdaë l%shdjls' ck;d
lrd˜ hkqfjks' wjYH;djhla fyda imqrd fkd;sì‚' Pkaofhka m;al< md¾,sfïka;=j wl%sh
thg fjkiaj miq.sh wfm%a,a udifha§ fldg w;a;fkdau;sl f,i rfÜ
19 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh úiska Bg rks,a úl%uisxy uy;d ;ukag tfrysj md,kh fjkia lrkafka kï th
l,ska rfÜ ckdêm;sg w.ue;s bj;a wd úYajdiNx. fhdackdj b;d taldêm;s l%shdjls' Tlaf;dan¾ 26 isg
lsÍug ;snQ n,;, bj;a lsÍu;a w. myiqfjka ch .;af;ah' bkamiq fï jHjia:d úfrdaë m%cd;ka;% úfrdaë
ue;sf.a Oqrh ksud jkafka flfiao olajd md¾,sfïka;=j ;=< Tyqf.a udj;lg rg wj;S¾K ù we;s fihls'
hkak tuÕska olajd ;sîu;a tu úYajdih Wr.d nef,k lsis÷
m%;smdok W,a,x>kh flfrk fhdackdjla bÈßm;aj ke;' fï wkqj Tlaf;dan¾ 26 Èk isgu uyskao
wdldrfhka uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d kj ckdêm;s úiska rks,a úl%uisxy uy;d ys;jd§ka kS;sh ;u w;g f.k lghq;=
w.ue;s f,iska m;a lsÍu yd rks,a w.ue;s Oqrfhka bj;a lsÍu fl;rï lrkq oelsh yels úh' Tlaf;daïn¾ 26
úl%uisxy uy;d w.ue;s Oqrfhka bj;a ÿrg wdKavql%u jHjia:djg wkql+,j olajd mej;s md,kh úiska f.k.sh
lsÍu;a isÿj we; hkak fuys§ isÿlrk ,oaolao hk ielh u;=fldg jHdmD;sj,g wod< kdu mqjre yd
bÈßm;aj we;s m%n,u woyils' 19 jk we;' ux., iurùr uy;d úiska fuh m%o¾Yk mqjre lvd ì| oeóï" ,hsÜ
jHjia:d ixfYdaOkfha 46^2& jHjia: y÷kajd § ;snqfKa l=uka;%Khla lKqjla lKqjla .dfka uyskao
dfjka olajd we;af;a f,igh' rdcmlaIf.a mqjre t,a,Su olakg
yelsúh' weu;sjre ;=kafofkla 26 Èku
zzw.%dud;Hjrhd" fuu ;;a;ajh ;j;a ;Sj% lrñka rEmjdysksfhka mkakd .kq ,enq‚'
ckdêm;s úiska Tlaf;dan¾ 27Èk oj,a tfia mkakd .ekSug iydh ùug 2015g
^w& iajlSh w;aik hgf;a 12'00 isg md¾,sfïka;=j w;a ysgqjkq l,ska ysgmq weu;sjrfhlao t;ekg
ckdêm;sjrhd fj; hjk ,smshla ,eîh' ta jkúg md¾,sfïka;= uka;%S f.dia isáfhah' hï fyhlska t<jd .;a
u.ska iajlSh Oqrfhka b,a,d nyq;rh rks,a úl%uisxyg mlaI nj Tyq weu;sjrekag ta jkúg n,hla ke;ehs
wiajqjfyd;a fyda yd tlai;a cd;sl mlaIh úiska lshd Wml,amkh l<o t;ekg f.dia kS;sh
;snq‚' wfkla w;g iq¿ cd;Ska w;g .ekSug 2015g l,ska ysgmq
^wd&;j ÿrg;a md¾,sfïka;= ksfhdackh lrk mlaIj, iydh rks,a weu;sjrfhl=g ;snQ whs;sh l=ulao@
uka;%Sjrfhl= fkdjqjfyd;a fyda úl%uisxy úiska Èkdf.k ;snq‚' fï fndfyda foaj,a kS;shg msáka isÿùu
ñi wdKavql%u jHjia:dfõ úêúOdk wkqj hï fyhlska md¾,sfïka;=j werö ;snq‚'
hgf;a hï;dla l,a wud;H uKav,h /iajQjd kï rks,a úl%uisxyg
mj;afkao ta ;dla l,a iajlSh Oqrh md¾,sfïka;=fõ nyq;rh Èkd .ekSug;a wud;HxYj,g iS,a ;nd ;snq‚' ta tlS
orkafkah'˜ hkqfjks' ta wkqj ffu;%S -uyskao cjksldj yqÿ weu;sjreka ckdêm;sf.a l%shdjka
ydiHhla njg m;aùug;a ish¨ bvlv wkS;sl f,i i<ld È.gu lghq;=
wu;rj tu jHjia:d ixfYdaOkfhau mej;=K nj fï wkqj wmg wkqudk lsÍu je<elaùug muKla fkdj" tu
48^2& jHjia:dfjka zzmd¾,sfïka;=j l< yelsh' hï fyhlska uyskaog ld¾hd,j, weu;sjreka iïnkaO ¥Is;
úiska wdKavqfõ m%;sm;a;s m%ldYh fyda md¾,sfïka;=j ;=< nyq;r n,h ;snq‚ ,sms f,aLk fõ kï tajd Ndú;d fldg
úi¾ck mk;a flgqïm; fyda kï th fkdfmkajd md¾,sfïka;= ieis tlS weu;sjreka ìh .kajd Tjqkaj
m%;slafIam l<fyd;a túgo" wdKavqj jdrh w;a ysgqùug Tjqkg ;snQ jqjukdj ;ukag mlaImd; lr.ekSuo wruqKla
flfrys úYajdiNx. fhdackdjla l=ulao@ l=uk WmamrjeÜáhla fhdod f,i .ksñka nj lshfõ'
iïu; l<fyd;a túgo" wud;H fyda ;ukag wjYH uka;%S ixLHdj weu;sjrekaf.a yd w.ue;sf.a wdrlaIdj

l:d kdhljrhd úiska ckdêm;s fj; ,smshla hjñka —md¾,sfïka;=

nyq;r uka;%S msßilf.a úYajdih Èkd.;a mqoa.,hd ia:dms; jk
;=re rks,a úl%uisxy uy;df.a jrm%ido wdrlaId lr fok f,i ;uka fj;
b,a,Sula ,eî we;s njo' m%cd;ka;%jd§" hymd,khla i|yd jrï ,nd.;a
rchla jYfhka fuu b,a,Su flfrys ckdêm;sjrhdf.a oeä wjOdkh fhduq
lrk f,i˜ g b,a,ñka —úúO mqoa.,hka úiska udOH yryd ;¾ckh lsÍfï
wjia:d lsysmhla o jd¾;d ù we;s nj;a" rdcH udOH wdh;khkays isÿj we;s
njg jd¾;d jk n,y;aldÍ ueÈy;aùï o rg ;=< iduh ì| oeófuka Tíng
f.dia wka;¾cd;slj nrm;< ydkshla we;s lrjk˜ njo fuu.ska
ckdêm;sjrhdg fmkajd § ;sfí' l:dkdhl ish ,smsfhka ;jÿrg;a b,a,d
we;af;a —fuu ;;a;ajh ;=< md¾,sfïka;=j ,nk fkdjeïn¾ ui 16 jeks od
olajd Èk úiaila wl%shj mej;Su ;=<ska rgg oeä wys;lr
jd;djrKhla Woa.;ùug bv fkd;nk˜ f,ihs' m%cd;ka;%jd§
iïm%odh wkqj md¾,sfïka;=j l,a ;eîu úh hq;af;a l:
dkdhljrhdf.a wkqoekqu wkqj njo lrE chiqßh uy;d ish
,smsfhka ckdêm;sjrhdg isysm;a lr we;'
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 31
''H uman Rights Watch'' ixúOdkh fuu isÿùï
iïnkaOfhka ksfõokhla ksl=;a l< ksfõokhlska
olajd ;snQfKa zzTyqf.a w;S; wmrdO iïnkaOfhka lsis÷
idOdrKhla bgq fkdù rdcmCI kej;;a rfÜ by<u Oqrhg
meñŒu Y%S ,xldfõ udkj ysñlï iïnkaOfhka NS;shla we;s
lr,hs' Y%S ,xldjg whs;Ska .re lrk md,khla ,nd§u
fjkqfjka Woõ l< rchka ;SrKd;aul f,i tu
W;aidyhkaf.a m%;sM, ke;s fkdjk njg j.n,d
.; hq;=j we;'˜ hkqfjks' wfußldj" ì%;dkHh"
hqfrdamd ix.uh fuu w¾nqoh iïnkaOfhka lshd
;snqfKa rfÜ jHjia:djg wkqj l%shd lrk
f,igh' ;rula miqù bkaÈhdjo ta wkqju hk
ksfõokhla ksl=;afldg ;snq‚'

bj;alrkq ,eîh' wfußldj" ì%;dkHh" hqfrdamd ix.uh y;rlg wdikak ld,hla .;ùfuka
fuu w¾nqoh iïnkaOfhka lshd miqjo@ Tyq tlS cd;sh weu;Su ;=<
fï w;r l:dkdhljrhd úiska ;snqfKa rfÜ jHjia:djg wkqj l%shd lf<a .f,a meyerE n<,d th jeiSug
ckdêm;s fj; ,smshla hjñka — lrk f,igh' ;rula miqù bkaÈhdjo ;e;a lsÍu jeks ksYaM, W;aidyhls'
md¾,sfïka;= nyq;r uka;%S msßilf.a ta wkqju hk ksfõokhla ksl=;afldg
úYajdih Èkd.;a mqoa.,hd ia:dms; jk ;snq‚' ckdêm;s ffu;%Smd, isßfiak uy;d
;=re rks,a úl%uisxy uy;df.a jrm%ido úiska ;jÿrg;a lshd isáfha —uf.a
wdrlaId lr fok f,i ;uka fj; Tlaf;dan¾ 28 Èk ckdêm;s ffu;%S u;lfha yeáhg ta wjia:dfõ fmdÿ
b,a,Sula ,eî we;s njo' m%cd;ka;%jd§" md, isßfiak uy;d úiska cd;sh wu;d wfmalaIlhdg iyfhda.h ÿkak
hymd,khla i|yd jrï ,nd.;a l;d lrkqfha fujeks mßirhlh' Tyq foaYmd,k mlaI" jD;a;Sh iñ;s" isú,a
rchla jYfhka fuu b,a,Su flfrys l< m%ldYh rfÜ m%.;sYS,Ska wjfndaO ixúOdk 49 la wfma .súiqug w;aika
ckdêm;sjrhdf.a oeä wjOdkh fhduq lr.kafka ;ukaf.a fkdyelshdj lshd l<d' tuÕska wms we;slr.;a;
lrk f,i˜ g b,a,ñka —úúO isá w~jeähdjla f,ih' tu l;dj n,dfmdfrd;a;=" ta W;=ï mrud¾:
mqoa.,hka úiska udOH yryd ;¾ckh we;sj ;sfnk w¾nqoh ksrdlrKh iïmQ¾Kfhkau úkdY lrkq ,enqjd˜
lsÍfï wjia:d lsysmhla o jd¾;d ù lrKjdg jvd th È.g mj;ajdf.k jxl jqjukdjlska fyda Tyq lshd
we;s nj;a" rdcH udOH wdh;khkays hdu fjkqfjka l< l:djls' —2014 we;af;a iïmQ¾K i;Hhls' tod Tyq lS
isÿj we;s njg jd¾;d jk n,y;aldÍ jif¾ fmdÿ wfmalaIlhd f;dard .;a .súiqug w;aika l< jD;a;Sh iñ;sj,
ueÈy;aùï o rg ;=< iduh ì| wjia:dj;a tys § ud uqyqK ÿka wjodkï b,a,Sïj,g j;auka rch lsis÷
oeófuka Tíng f.dia wka;¾cd;slj ;;a;ajh;a Tng u;l we;eZhs lshd ud m%;spdrhla fkdoeùu ksid udi .Kka
nrm;< ydkshla we;s lrjk˜ njo úYajdi lrkjd˜ hkqfjka Tyq lshd jevj¾ck lsÍug isÿúh' j;auka rch
fuu.ska ckdêm;sjrhdg fmkajd § isàh' Tyq tfia lshkafka Tyq lshQ tu tu jevj¾ckj,g uqyqK ÿkafka
;sfí' l:dkdhl ish ,smsfhka wjodkïldÍ foaYmd,kh mj;ajdf.k jD;a;Sh iñ;s kdhlhka fj; u¾okh
;jÿrg;a b,a,d we;af;a —fuu ;;a;ajh .sh jqkayg kej;;a rdcH n,h ,nd uqod yßñka yd Tjqkaj jHdc kvqj,g
;=< md¾,sfïka;=j ,nk fkdjeïn¾ foñks' —hymd,k wdKavq ixl,amh . meg,ùfuks' ckdêm;sf.au u,a,S
ui 16 jeks od olajd Èk úiaila wl%shj re rks,a úl%uisxy ue;s;=ud wuq iNdm;s f,i lghq;= lrk fg,sfldï
mej;Su ;=<ska rgg oeä wys;lr wuqfõu úkdY l<d lsh,hs uu wdh;kh fufia jD;a;Sh iñ;s úfrdaë
jd;djrKhla Woa.;ùug bv ys;kafka˜ hkqfjka Tyq ish,a, rks,a f,i lghq;= lrkakdjQ yd jD;a;Sh
fkd;nk˜ f,ihs' m%cd;ka;%jd§ úl%uisxyf.a msg muKla mgjd w; iñ;s lghq;= ksid jD;a;Sh iñ;s
iïm%odh wkqj md¾,sfïka;=j l,a fidaod .ekSug W;aidy orhs' ck;dj kdhlhka jHdc kvqj,g meg,jQ
;eîu úh hq;af;a l:dkdhljrhdf.a 2015 ckjdß 8 Pkaoh ÿkafka ;ukag m%uqLu wdh;khls' cdkêm;s tajd
wkqoekqu wkqj njo lrE chiqßh nj fyda ckdêm;s f,i ;ukag ta fkdÿgqfõo@
uy;d ish ,smsfhka ckdêm;sjrhdg fjkqfjka w.ue;sg jvd jeä j.lSula
isysm;a lr we;' we;s nj Tyq fkdokakd fihls' —wjidk jYfhka" uu .;a ;SrKh
;ukaf.au u,a,S fg,sfldï iNdm;s ysgmq ckdêm;s uyskao rdcmCI uy;d
''Human Rights Watch'' ixúOdkh fuu f,i m;afldg Tyqf.a jegqma yd §ukd w.ue;sjrhd jYfhka m;a lsÍug;a" .
isÿùï iïnkaOfhka ksfõokhla ksl=;a ñ,shk .Kkska by< oud ckdêm;sf.a re rks,a úl%uisxy uy;d w.%dud;H
l< ksfõokhlska olajd ;snQfKa Èh‚hg iïnkaOlï we;s oekaùï OQrfhka bj;a lsÍug;a <.u we;s jQ
zzTyqf.a w;S; wmrdO iïnkaOfhka wdh;kj,g ñ,shk .Kkska oekaùï m%n,u fya;=j uu Tng b;du
lsis÷ idOdrKhla bgq fkdù rdcmCI yryd .id lEug wjia:dj ,nd foñka f.!rjfhka meyeÈ,s lrkjd˜ lshñka
kej;;a rfÜ by<u Oqrhg meñŒu Y%S fg,sfldï wdh;kh fï jkúg ì,shk Tyq lshd isáfha —miq.sh Èkj, udOH
,xldfõ udkj ysñlï iïnkaOfhka ish .Kkla Kh lsÍu jeks lreKq fj; meñ‚ kdu,a l=udr lshk
NS;shla we;s lr,hs' Y%S ,xldjg whs;Ska hymd,kh wuq wuqfõ úkdY lsÍug mqoa.,hd ud iy f.daGdNh rdcmlaI
.re lrk md,khla ,nd§u fjkqfjka we;=<;a ke;ao@ tajdg j.lsj hq;af;a uy;d >d;kh lsÍula ms<sn|j
Woõ l< rchka ;SrKd;aul f,i tu ljqo@ wfkla w;g hymd,k wdKavq l=uka;%Khla fy<s l<d' fuh b;du
W;aidyhkaf.a m%;sM, ke;s fkdjk ixl,amh wuq wuqfõu úkdY l< nj nrm;< ;;a;ajhla' rfÜ ck;djg
njg j.n,d .; hq;=j we;'˜ hkqfjks' ckdêm;sg wjfndaO jqfka jir fuf;la fkd,enqKq f;dr;=re rdYshla

2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾

32
—hy md,k wdKavq ixl,amh .re rks,a úl%uisxy ue;s;=ud wuq wuqfõu
úkdY l<d lsh,hs uu ys;kafka˜ hkqfjka Tyq ish,a, rks,a
úl%uisxyf.a msg muKla mgjd w; fidaod .ekSug W;aidy orhs' ck;dj 2015
ckjdß 8 Pkaoh ÿkafka ;ukag nj fyda ckdêm;s f,i ;ukag ta fjkqfjka
w.ue;sg jvd jeä j.lSula we;s nj Tyq fkdokakd fihls' ;ukaf.au u,a,S
fg,sfldï iNdm;s f,i m;afldg Tyqf.a jegqma yd §ukd ñ,shk .Kkska
by< oud ckdêm;sf.a Èh‚hg iïnkaOlï we;s oekaùï wdh;kj,g ñ,shk
.Kkska oekaùï yryd .id lEug wjia:dj ,nd foñka fg,sfldï wdh;kh
fï jkúg ì,shk ish .Kkla Kh lsÍu jeks lreKq hymd,kh
wuq wuqfõ úkdY lsÍug we;=<;a ke;ao@ tajdg j.lsj hq;af;a
ljqo@ wfkla w;g hymd,k wdKavq ixl,amh wuq wuqfõu úkdY
l< nj ckdêm;sg wjfndaO jqfka jir y;rlg wdikak ld,hla
.;ùfuka miqjo@ Tyq tlS cd;sh weu;Su ;=< lf<a .f,a meyerE
n<,d th jeiSug ;e;a lsÍu jeks ksYaM, W;aidyhls'

fï mÍlaIKfha wNHka;rfha taug fmdfrdkaÿ jQ kuq;a w;=reoyka lrk ,o ,smshla l:dkdhljrhd fj;
;sfnkjd' udj >d;kh lsÍu i|yd Bg lsÍï yd hqo wmrdO iïnkaOfhka j. Ndr § ;sfí' tu b,a,Su mßÈ bÈß
iïnkaO jQ wdKavqfõ wud;H lsj hq;= rdcmlaI kej; f.kú;a we;' isl=rdod ^fkdjeïn¾ 02& Èkg fmr
uKav,fha idudðlfhla weu;sjrfhla läkï rdcH ;dka;%Sl l%shdj,shla md¾,sfïka;=j le|ùug lghq;= lrk
ms<sn|j f;dr;=re m%ldY lr ;sfnkjd' wjYHj we;' Y%S ,xldj wdmsg hdug f,i l:dkdhl lre chiQßh uy;d
tfukau fï mÍlaIKj,g oeä n,mEï fkdyels ;rfï f,a m%udKhla j.=rjd ckdêm;sjrhdf.ka b,a,d ;sfí' fuu
we;s ù ;sfnkjd' kS;sm;s we;˜ hkqfjks' tÈku ì%;dkH b,a,Sug hym;a m%;spdrhla ,efnkq
fomd¾;fuka;=fõ j.lsj hq;= md¾,sfïka;= uka;%Sjrfhl= Y%S ,xldj we;ehs n,dfmdfrd;a;= úh fkdyel'
ks,OdÍka fï mÍlaIKfha jeo.;a iïnkaOfhka —rks,a úl%uisxy uy;d wfkl tfia md¾,sfïka;=j /ia l<o
wjia:djkaj,§ Tjqka uÕyßk Oqrfhka bj;a lsÍug wod<j ksis fndfydaúg úh yelafla tÈk
;;a;ajhla we;s fj,d ;snqKd' fï l%ufõoh jk nj iy;sl lsÍu i|yd md¾,sfïka;=j tlu .d,f.daÜáhla
;;a;ajh ;=<" fï foaYmd,k w¾nqo" jydu kej; md¾,sfïka;=j le|ùu ùuhs' fï l=ukdldrfhka .;a;o
wd¾Ól w¾nqoh;a iu. ud >d;kh fjkqfjka cd;Hka;r m%cdj n,mEï ,xldfõ w¾nqoh ;j ;j;a ;Sj% ùu
lsÍfï m%n, l=uka;%Khl lreKq l< hq;=h˜ hkqfjka keÕ+ m%Yakhlg muKla isÿjkq we;s w;r th ck;djg
fy<sùu;a iu. ug ;snqKq tlu ms<s;=re foñka trg úfoaY f,alï lshd jHikldÍ m%;sM, we;s lrkq ksh;h'
úl,amh ysgmq ckdêm;s uyskao isáfha ;uka Y%S ,xldfõ ckdêm;sg rks,a úl%uisxyf.a foaYmd,kh mrdch
rdcmCI uy;dg wdrdOkd lr t;=ud l;dfldg ta iïnkaOfhka u;= lsÍug lsÍu furg ish¨u m%.;sYS,s ckhdf.a
w.ue;sjrhd úÈhg m;a lr wÆ;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk njZZhs' oeä jqjukdj nj wuq;=fjka lsjhq;=
wdKavqjla msysgqùu muKhs˜ hkqfjks' fkdfõ' tfy;a rks,a n,fhka my
fuh fudk ;rï <ore m%ldYhlao@ ngysr n,j;=ka rgj, wNHka;r lrkafka ljqreka ld iuÕ l=ula
;ukag tfrys ;u weu;sjrfhla foaYmd,khg weÕs,s .eiSu wm úiska fjkqfjkao hk m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re §ug
iïnkaO f;dr;=re oek.ekSug ,enq‚ fy<d oelsh hq;= uq;a udkj ysñlï yd wmg isÿfõ' rks,a fjkqjg f.k;a
kï ckdêm;s f,ig Tyq jydu m%cd;ka;%jdoh W,a,x>kh jk wjia: we;af;a ckdêm;s ffu;%Smd, isßfiak
fmd,Sish yd kS;sm;s fomd¾;fïka;=j djka fjkqfjka cd;Hka;r m%cdj úiskau ¥Is;hka f,i yxjvq .id Pkao
;uka hg;g mjrdf.k mÍlaIK ueÈy;aùfï §¾> iïm%odhla f,dalfha j,§ mrdch l< ysgmq jxpksl ;lalä
ksisf,i f.khdug wjYH jd;djrKh mj;s' 1987-89 ld,fha tjl rch /<lS' ffu;%Smd, isßfiak n,hg
ilia l< hq;=j ;snq‚' fkdtfiaj uq¿ fj;ska isÿjQ udkj ysñlï meñ‚fha Tjqkaj kS;sh bÈßhg
rgu wdKavql%u jHjia:d w¾nqohlg W,a,x>khka .ek uyskao rdcmCI muqKqjd o~qjï lrk njg;a rfÜ
weo oud Tyqu lshk wdldrhg 2014§ uy;du Ôksjd udkj ysñlï kS;sfha wdêm;H we;slrk njg;a oi
Tyqf.au Ôú;h mjd wjodkïldÍ ieisjdrhkag lreKq bÈßm;a l< wf;a Èõrñks' tfia Èjqrd fmdfrdkaÿ
;;a;ajhlg weo oeuQ l,a,shlg n,h wdldrho wm fuys,d isysm;a l< hq;=h' fjñka udÿ¿jdfõ fidaNs; ysñhka
Ndr§u l=uk kï foaYmd,k fyda flfia jqjo fï fjkúg ,xldfõ we;=¿ rfÜ ñ,shk .Kkla
mßmd,kuh úi÷ulao@ ., Wv meyerE foaYmd,k w¾nqoh cd;Hka;r m%cdjf.a m%.;sYS,Skaf.a lr u;ska n,hg meñ‚
n<,d fld;rï W;aidy l<;a th wjOdkhg ,laj yudrh' fuh bÈß ffu;%Smd, isßfiak ;ud úiskau
jid.; fkdyelsh' ld,h ;=< ,xldfõ wdfhdack yd uQ,H ixfYdaOkh l< wdKavql%u jHjia:djo
;;a;ajh flf¾ wys;lr n,mEula W,a,x>Kh lrñka zzfydre iuÕ
fï w;r rks,a úl%uisxy bj;a fldg we;slrkq fkdwkqudkh' fï jkúgg;a fy¿fjka˜ jekSu wrUd we;' ck;dj
uyskao rdcmCI uy;d tu Oqrhg m;a fuu w¾nqoh úiska 2019 whjeh l%shd;aul úh hq;= ;SrKd;aulu
lsÍu iïnkaOfhka cd;Hka;r m%cdj Y%S fhdackd bÈßm;a lsÍu l,aoud we;' fudfyd; t<U we;'
,xldj fj; t,a, lrk mSvkh fuu uy;ajrekag n, fmdrh rfÜ
jeäfldg we;' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wd¾Ólhg jvd fnfyúka jeo.;a fiah' 2018 Tlaf;daïn¾ ui 31 jeks Èk
ixúOdkfha ysgmq wfußldkq ;dkdm;s
iuka;d mj¾ úiska Tlaf;dan¾ 30 Èk l:dkdhljrhd le|jkq ,en mlaI
ksl=;a l< Üùg¾ m‚úvhlska olajd kdhl w;r idlÉPdjla 30 jk Èk , wd¾' m%Nd;a ,xldf,dal
;snqfKa —ckdêm;s isßfiakf.a l%shdjka ;sî we;s w;r tys§ jydu
úiska Y%S ,xldj ;=< m%cd;ka;%jdoh md¾,sfïka;=j le|ùug lghq;= lrk foaYmd,k ls%hdOr
T¿fjka isgqjd we;' Tyq j.ùu f.k f,i uka;%Sjre 129 fofkl= w;aika
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 33

uyd w¾nqofhka f,dalfha uQ,H yd fldgia

fj<|fmd<j, lvd jeàug
iu.dój 2008 wjidk
Nd.fha§ f,dal fj<|duo b;du
oreKq f,i lvd jefgkakg
úh' fojk f,dal hqoaOfhka miq

oYlhlg miq
2008 olajd ld,h ;=< f,dal
fj<|dfï j¾Okh RK w.hka
lrd .uka.;a wjia:d ;=kla
úh' 1974-75 lvdjeàfï§
th -11]lskao" 1982-83 yd
2001-02 ld,hkays§ -5]lskao
weojegqK w;r 2008-09
ld,fha isÿjQ weojeàu -15]
blaujd f.dia ;snqKs' f,dal
fj<|dfï isÿjQ fuu lvdjeàu
f,dalh mqrd fl;rï nrm;,
f,i me;sr .sfhao h;a 2008-
09 ld,h ;=< f,dal fj<|
ixúOdkh úiska fj<|du
ms<sn| o;a; mj;ajdf.k hkq
,nk rgj,a 104u wdkhk yd
wmkhkj, my< jeàula oelsh
yels úh' uQ,H l%uh lvd jeàu"
fldgia fj<|fmd<j, ì|jeàu
iuÕ b;du oreKq wkaoñka
f,dal fj<|duo lvd jeàu
úiska iksgqyka lf<a f,dal
Okm;s l%uh fojk f,dal
hqoaOfhka miq uqyqK ÿka
01 m%ia:drh oreKqu wd¾Ól wjmd;hhs'

fu hg yßhgu oYlhlg l,ska

2008 we;sjQ f,dal mßudK uQ,H
w¾nqoh úiska f,dal Okjd§ wd¾Ól
nxfldf,d;anfõ woaorg meñKkakg úh'
f,dalfha uQ,H fjf<|fmd<j, we;sjQ
fuu lvd jeàu ta ydu f,dal fldgia
ld,h ;=< f,dal fj<| ixúOdkh úiska
fj<|du ms<n s | o;a; mj;ajdf.k hkq
,nk rgj,a 104u wdkhk yd wmkhkj,
l%uhg;a úfYaIfhka f,dal uQ,H l%uhg;a fjf<|fmd< ì|jeàula we;s lf<ah' 2008 my< jeàula oelsh yels úh' uQ,H l%uh
we;s l< n,mEu wo olajdu;a myj f.dia Tlaf;daïn¾ 6 Èk wfußldfõ võ fcdaki a a lvd jeàu" fldgia fj<|fmd<j,
ke;' fldgia fjf<|fmd< o¾Ylh (Dow Jones ì|jeàu iuÕ b;du oreKq wkaoñka
Index) tall 700lg jvd my< jegq‚' f,dal fj<|duo lvd jeàu úiska
2008 iema;eïn¾ 15 Èk tjlg wfußldfõ tÈku ì%;dkHfha FTSE 100 o¾Ylh iksgyq ka lf<a f,dal Okm;s l%uh fojk
mej;s isõjeks úYd,u wdfhdack nexl=j 7'9]lskoa " c¾uksfha DAX o¾Ylh f,dal hqoOa fhka miq uqyK
q ÿka oreKqu
jQ jir 158l jHdmdßl b;sydihlg 7'1]lskoa " m%xYfha CAC 40 o¾Ylh wd¾Ól wjmd;hhs'
ysñlï lS f,yaudka n%o¾ia (Lehman 9]lskoa " reishdfõ RTS o¾Ylh 20]lg;a
Brothers) nexl=j wfußldkq nxfldf,d;a jeä m%udKhlskoa my< jefgkakg úh' ^01 m%i:
a drh n,kak&
kS;fs ha 11 j.ka;f
s ha wdrlaIdj b,a,ñka reishdj jydu tÈk fldgia fjf<|fmd<
nxfldf,d;a nj m%ldYhg m;a lf<ah' lghq;= w;a ysgjQ w;r whsi, a ka;h fuu w¾nqoh;a iuÕ uyd mßudK
tys§ Tjqka lshd ;snf
q Ka Tjqkf a .a j;alu úiska nxl= 6l fldgia úlsŒu ú/lshdj" jegqma yd iqnidOk
fvd,¾ ì,shk 639la nj;a ;u Kh kj;d,Sh' whsi, a ka;h rgla jYfhkau lmamdÿlsÍï iEu rglu mdfya we;sjQ
m%udKh fvd,¾ ì,shk 619la nj;ah' nxfldf,d;anfõ woaorgu meñ‚fhah' w;r bka ck;djg w;a jQfha uy;a
fuh wfußldkq b;sydifha isÿjQ úYd,;u jHikhls' tu w¾nqoh Okm;s mx;sh
nxfldf,d;aùuhs' nxfldf,d;aNdjh f,dalfha uQ,H yd fldgia fj<|fmd<j, ;=<;a Tjqkf
a .a ksfhdað;hka jk rdcH
m%ldY lrk úg Tjqka oaú;shl s Wlia lvd jeàug iu.dój 2008 wjidk md,lhka ;=<;a we;slf<a buy;a
u; mokïjQ ne÷ïlr fjkqfjka úYd, Nd.fha§ f,dal fj<|duo b;du oreKq lïmkhls' iEu úglu isÿjkakdla fuka
f,i wdfhdackh lr ;sn‚ q ' fuu lvd f,i lvd jefgkakg úh' fojk f,dal Okm;s l%uh fírd.ekSu fjkqfjka
jeàu úiska tjlg;a hqoO
a fhka miq 2008 olajd ld,h ;=< rchka nxfldf,d;afjñka mej;s Okm;s
fnfyúka wia:djrj mej;s f,dal uQ,H f,dal fj<|dfï j¾Okh RK w.hka nexl= yd uyd iud.ï fj; ck;djf.
fj<|fmd<j, lïmkhka we;sl< w;r lrd .uka.;a wjia:d ;=kla úh' 1974-75 ka nÿ jYfhka tl;=lrf.k isá rcfha
oaú;shl
s Wlia fj<|fmdf,a l%h s dYS,j
S lvdjeàfï§ th -11]lskoa " 1982-83 yd uqo,a fmdïm lrkakg úh' ck;dj
ksr;j isá AIG, Fannie Mae, Freddie 2001-02 ld,hkay§s -5]lskoa weojegqK l=uk jHikhlg m;ajj q o Tjqkg
a iyk
Mac, City Group, Merrill Lynch, Bear w;r 2008-09 ld,fha isÿjQ weojeàu -15] ie<iSu fjkqfjka uy Okm;s iud.ï
Stearns, Washington Mutual, Wells Fargo, blaujd f.dia ;snKq 's f,dal fj<|dfï j,ska i;hla fyda
Royal Bank of Scotland jeks oejeka;
nexl= tlla miqmi tlla jYfhka
isÿjQ fuu lvdjeàu f,dalh mqrd fl;rï
nrm;, f,i me;sr .sfhao h;a 2008-09
,nd fkd.kakd
fuu rchka 2008 » 45 msgqjg'''
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
34

Y= nhsn,fhka
zzohdj i|yd he§ulaZZ
^ú,dm .S 5&

iñ÷ks" wmg isÿ ù ;sfnk foa wms wka;rdjg uQK mduq' f.j,a úfoaYSkag;a" cqodys k.rj, lkHdfjda;a
isys l< uekj' id.skafka ;o WIAKh ksid whs;s ù ;sfí' n,dy;aldrlï lrkq ,enQ y'
wfma kskaodj n,d ie,l=j wfma yu W÷kla fuka wêm;SyQ ;ukaf.a w;aj,ska
uekj' wfma Wreuh r;a ù ;sfí' wms wkd:fhda h' t,a,kq ,enQ y' jeäysá wg
wkHhkag;a" wfma f.j,a mshd ke;s orefjda h' .re fkdlrk ,oy' jy¨ka
úfoaYSkag;a" whs;s ù ;sfí' isfhdkays ia;%Syq;a" wfma ujqjre jekaoUqjka fuka OdkH weUÍug wfma
cqodys k.rj, lkHdfjda;a fuka h' wm wfma u j;=r ;reKfhda n, lrkq ,enQ y'
wms wkd:fhda h' n,dy;aldrlï lrkq ,enQ y' ñ, § .; hq;= h' <uhs orñáj, nßka
mshd ke;s orefjda h' wêm;SyQ ;ukaf.a w;aj,ska wfma u or wmg úl=Kkq ,efí' hg ù jeá jeà h;s'
wfma ujqjre jekaoUqjka fuka t,a,kq ,enQ y' uy¨ wh fodrgqfjka my j
h' wm wfma u j;=r jeäysá wg .re fkdlrk úh.y wfma lr msg h' .sfhda h' fh!jkfhda .S;sld
ñ, § .; hq;= h' ,oy' jy¨ka fuka OdkH uefrk f;la lsÍfuka je<l=fKda h'
wfma u or wmg úl=Kkq ,efí' weUÍug wfma ;reKfhda wms fjfyfikakuq'
n, lrkq ,enQ y' <uhs tfy;a" wmg iykhla ke;' wfma is;aj,ska
úh.y wfma lr msg h' orñáj, nßka hg ù iEfyk muK lEu ,nk m%S;sh ;=rka úh'
uefrk f;la jeá jeà h;s' msKsi" ñirhg;a" wdisßhdjg;a wfma keàu
wms fjfyfikakuq' - wms isÕñka .sfhuq' je,mSug fmr¿fKa h'
tfy;a" wmg iykhla ke;' uy¨ wh fodrgqfjka my j wfma mshjre mõ lf<a h' wfma ysiska u,aoï jegqfKa h'
iEfyk muK lEu ,nk .sfhda h' fh!jkfhda .S;sld Tjqyq ±ka ke;' wm mõ l< neúka
msKsi" ñirhg;a" wdisßhdjg;a lsÍfuka je<l=fKda h' Tjqkaf.a whq;=lï ksid wfka wmg jk ÿll uy;'
wms isÕñka .sfhuq' wfma is;aj,ska m%S;sh ;=rka wms ÿla ú¢uq'
úh' wfma keàu je,mSug fï ksid wfma is; la,dka; ù
wfma mshjre mõ lf<a h' fmr¿fKa h' wfma ysiska u,aoï jy,a¨ wm wdKavq lr;s' ;sfí' fï foaj,a ksid
Tjqyq ±ka ke;' Tjqka f.a jegqfKa h' wm mõ l< neúka Tjqka w;ska wm .<jd.kakg wfma weia w`ÿre ù ;sfí'
whq;=lï ksid wms ÿla ú¢uq' wfka wmg jk ÿll uy;' flfkla ke;' okõj, tfia jkafka isfhdka lkao
jy,a¨ wm wdKavq lr;s' Y= nhsn,fhka - zzohdj i|yd ñksurejka ießirk neúka md¿ù ;sfnk neúks'
Tjqka w;ska wm .<jd.kakg he§ulaZZ ^ú,dm .S 5& lEu fiùfï § isj¨ka ießirk neúks'
flfkla ke;' wms wka;rdjg uQK mduq'
iñ÷ks" wmg isÿ ù ;sfnk foa ^ú,dm .S 5$1-18&
okõj, ñksurejka isys l< uekj' wfma kskaodj id.skafka ;o WIAKh ksid
ießirk neúka n,d ie,l=j uekj' wfma wfma yu W÷kla fuka
lEu fiùfï § Wreuh wkHhkag;a" wfma r;a ù ;sfí' isfhdkays ia;%Syq;a"

2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾

 35

úm;g m;ajQjkag ;sfnk fõokdj"

wúYajdih iukh lsÍug úYd,
jev fldgila l< hq;=j ;sfnkjd
ndysr jYfhka ljqre wdj;a Tjqkg a lrka
fohla kE' Tjqkg a lrkak jkafka wms
u; mSvkh megùu muKhs' wms fïl
f;areï.kak ´kd' wfma cd;sh" wfma ck;dj
úfYaIfhkau isxy, ck;dj fïl f;areï.kak
wjYHhs' úm;g m;ajj Q kag ;sfnkjd hïlsis
fõokdjla' wúYajdihla' fïjd iukh lsÍu
i|yd isxy, ck msßia úYd, jev fldgila l<
hq;j= ;sfnkjd' wms w;ska isÿ jQ jer§ ms<. s ekSu
wjYHfjkjd' fou< ck;dj" uqi, a ïs ck;dj
mdßY=oO a hs lsh,d lshkjd fkfuhs' fï yeufokd
w;sku a jerÈ isoO a fjkak mq¿jka' yenehs wms
úfYaI wjOdkhlska jev lf<a ke;a;ï iq¿
cd;ska ;ukaf.a wdrCIdj i|yd;a ;ukaf.a
ÈhqKj q i|yd;a ;u ;ud w;r ;sfhk ne£ï
tlal lghq;= lrdù' ngysr cd;Skg a j;a
weußldjgj;a fuys lrkak fohla kE' wms ;ud
mshjr ;eìh hq;f
uqi,
a ï
a ;a ixys¢hdjg' ixy," fou<
s ck;dj fïl f;areï.kak wjYHhs'
md,lfhda fï i|yd l%h s dlrkak wjYHhs' udOH
hq oaOh ksudù fï
jk úg jir
isákjd' ojiska oji
wms olskjd" bvï
isÿfj,d kE' wms
lshkafka kE 100]
09la muK fjkjd' ksoyia lrkjd' lau tfia isÿúh
fïl f;areïf.k l%h s d lrkak wjYHhs' wo jk úg W;=re WodyrKhla yeáhg hq;=hs lsh,d' hï
iudc udOH cd,d wo lrkafka oafõIh kef.kysr ck hdmkfha m,d,s" jeo.;a u¾uia:dk
ffjrh me;srùuhs' iudch idudkH j,,dhs ta m%foaY j, yuqodj úiska mj;ajd
w;g m;afj,d hï bvï ksoyia .ksñkau ck;djf.a
;sfhkjdo@ lsÍula l<d' yuqodj bvï ck;djgu
;uka w;am;a lr ,nd§u úh
.;a bvï j,ska hï hq;=fjkjd' ta jf.au
we;a;gu W;=re m%udKhla wms u;l ;nd.;
ckiudch .;af;d;a ,ndÿkakd' yenehs hq;= fjkdjd fï jk
tla tla Èia;%sla j, wmg fmak m%Odk foa úg rfÜ hqoaOhla
mj;sk jd;djrKh ;uhs ojiska oji mj;skafka kE' rg
tlsfklg fjkia yuqodj" ;%súO yuqodj idudkH ;;a;ajhlg
iuia;hla yeáhg ;ukaf.a l|jqre m;afj,d ;sfhkafka'
W;=r lsh,d .kak ia:dms; lr ta jd;djrKh ;=<
nE' mj;sk Èia;%sla .kakjd' fndfyda wms ys;kafka wks;a
05 .;af;d;a ia:dk j, w¨f;kau m%foaY j,g
;;a;ajh tlsfklg l|jqre idfmaCIj W;=f¾
fjkia' b;d by< f.dvkÕkjd' yuqodj b;d úYd,
m%;sY;hlska yuqodj iuyr l|jqre j, jYfhka r|jd
;du;a ta m%foaY j, ia:djr f.dvkeÕs,s ;sfnkjd' tal wms
isákjd ck;djg bÈlsÍï jf.a foaj,a l;d lrk
idfmaCIj mj;skjd' fï ixys¢hdjg ndOdjla'
idudkHfhka ;;a;ajh ;=< wmg yuqod n,mEula
.;af;d;a mqrjeishka fmak foa ;uhs" ;sfhkjd lshk
y¾uka l=udr uhd 03ka fofkl=g tla yuqodj uq¿ukskau mKsúvhu b;d
ëjr iyfhda.s;d jHdmdrh yuqod finf,la ks¾yuqodlrKh krl mKsúvhla
jYfhka ;du;a ùula W;=f¾ lsh,d uu olskafka'
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
36
;sfnkjd' uqia,sï jdf.a foaj,a hqo iufha
talg fya;=j" fï m,a,shla mjd ;sfhkjd' fuka ta wdldrfhka isÿ
wúYajdih lshk tl yenehs wlalr 16la fjka fkdjqkdg hï
úfYAIfhkau ol=fKa lr ;sfhkjd' kdúl ;¾ckd;aul wdldrhg"
yuqodj úiska wmsj yuqodjg ;ukaf.a ìh joaok wdldrhg
hgm;a lrf.k bkakjd f.dvkeÕs,s bÈlr wdrCIl wxYfha"
lshk ldrdKh Tjqka .kak' tafl fmdä fmd,sisfha fyda nqoaê
;j;a ;yjqre lr l|jqrla ;sfhk w;r wxYfhka isÿ lrk njla
.kakjd' uu olskafka fïl;a mj;ajdf.k fmfkkakg ;sfnkjd'
rcfha iuyr fmdfrdkaÿ hkjd' kuq;a ñksiaiq /iaùula ;sín;a ta
fjÉp iuyr ia:dk ;ukaf.a bvu ia:dkhg tkjd'
WodyrKhla f,i n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd' tjeks foag ñksiakqf.a
.;a;du uq,a,sl=,ï jf.a t;kÈ uu olskafka iyNd.s;ajh je<elaùug
;eka kdúl yuqod yuqodlrKh" ñksiqkaf.a W;aiy .kakjd' fïl
l|jqrla mj;ajdf.k bvï ,nd.ekSuhs" yryd fok mKsúvh
hkjd' Tjqka wlalr ckÔú;h ;ud wms WU, .ek
600la ksoyia lrkjdh h:d;;a;ajhg m;aùuhs" n,ka bkakjd lshk
lshd mejiqj;a Tjqka tal yuqodj ck;dj u; we;s tl' wms wjOdkfhka
ksoyia lf<a kE ;du;a' lrk n,mEuhs" ;du;a ta bkak ksid WU,dg ´k
ta l|jqr mj;ajdf.k wdldrfhkau ;sfhkjd úêhg jev lrkak nE'
hñka isákjd' tal lshk ldrKh' 100]lau ksoyila ke;s nj wmg
fkdfokakg fya;= ke;;a hï m%udKhlska fmkS hkjd'
;sfnk nj Tjqka yuqodlrKh yryd
mjikjd' tajf.au mSvdjla we;sfj,d w;=reoykajQjka
mq;=l=ärsmamq" f;mamdmq,ï ;sfhkjd lshk ldrKh iïnkaOfhka
j," iuyr bvï .=jka úúO ia:dk j,' th l%shd;aulùug rch
yuqodj ,ndÿkakd' ta W;=f¾ ú;rla fkdfõ" úiska ld¾hd,hla
me;af;ka wms th hym;a kef.kysr;a ;shk msysgqjkq ,enqjd' ta
fohla f,i olskjd' ;;a;ajhla' WodyrKhla ld¾hd,h yßhdldrj
kuq;a fï bvï j, yeáhg mdku .;a;;a" l%shd;aul fjkjdo@
kej; mÈxÑùug wYafrdmafk.¾ fjkak w;=reoyka jQjkaf.a
myiqlï ke;s ksidu mq¿jka' ;%Sl=Kdu,fha .eg¨jg úiÿï ,eî
yuqodj ksoyia lr idïmQ¾ fjkak mq¿jka' ;sfnkjdo@
mdku .;a;;a" ;ukaf.a bvï j, fï yeu ;eklu kej;
mosxÑùu m%Yakhla fj,d fokjd hehs lshQ bvï w;=reoykajQjkaf.a
wYafrdmafk.¾ fjkak ;sfhkjd' ta;a tlalu §,d yuqodj bj;a m%Yakh iïnkaOfhka ud
mq¿jka' ;%Sl=Kdu,fha ;j;a olsk fohla ;ud fjkjd lSjd" kdúl È.= ld,Skj jev lrmq
idïmQ¾ fjkak mq¿jka' fï yeu f;mamdmq,ï lshk yuqodj bj;a fjkjd flfkla fkfõ' kuq;a
;eklu kej; fokjd hehs lshQ ia:dkfha ck;djf.a lSjd' kuq;a tajd ksis w;=reoykajQjka
bvï §,d yuqodj bj;a fjkjd bvï yuqodj w;am;a lr wdldrhlska isÿ fkdjk iïnkaOfhka msysgjkq
lSjd" kdúl yuqodj bj;a .ekSu ksid ck;dj nj ;ud wms olskafka' ,enQ ld¾hd,h ms<sn|j
fjkjd lSjd' kuq;a tajd ksis mSvdjg m;afj,d ixys¢hdj we;s lsÍu fou< ck;dj w;r;a ta
bkakjd' ;ukaf.a bvï i|yd ck;dj w;r jf.au ol=fka isxy,
wdldrhlska isÿ fkdjk nj ;ud
b,a,k fldg yuqodj úYajdih f.dvke.Su ck;dj w;r;a
wms olskafka' ixys¢hdj we;s lshkafka" wmg ñ,shk i|yd È.= ld,Sk iduhla úYajdihla we;s lr,d
lsÍu i|yd ck;dj w;r 140-150la muK we;s lsÍu i|yd mj;sk keye' talg fya;=j
úYajdih f.dvke.Su i|yd È.= f.dvkeÕs,s i|yd ndOdjla yeáhg ;ud fou< ck;dj lshkafka
ld,Sk iduhla we;s lsÍu i|yd úhoï fj,d ;sfhkjd' wms fïjd olskafka' ta wmsg fï yryd
mj;sk ndOdjla yeáhg ;ud rch ta úhoï wmg ksid wms idfmaCI n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk
wms fïjd olskafka' ta ksid wms f.jkak ´kd lsh,d' j¾Okhla ;sfnk nj idOdrKh bIag
idfmaCI j¾Okhla ;sfnk nj rch ta uqo,a f.j,d ms<s.ksñkau wmsg fjkafka keye lsh,d' ta
wlalr 111la ,ndf.k iEySug m;aù we;s jf.au ck>d;k isoaO
ms<s.ksñkau wmsg iEySug m;aù
ck;djg ,ndfokjd' j¾Okhla" yuqodj jqKd lshk iuyr
we;s j¾Okhla" yuqodj bj;aùula" flduidßiajre fïlg
bj;aùula" ks¾yuqodlrKhla " ta jf.au ukakdrï ks¾yuqodlrKhla " m;aj isákjd' ta ksid
ck;djg bvï ,nd§ula" Èia;%slalfha is,dj;=r ck;djg bvï ,nd§ula" fï ld¾hd,h wmg
Tjqkaf.a ck Ôú;h lshk ia:dkfha" wlalr Tjqkaf.a ck Ôú;h h: ms<s.kak neye lsh,d'
h:d;;a;ajhg m;alsÍula 36la kdúl yuqodj d;;a;ajhg m;alsÍula ol=fKa ck;dj lshkjd'
m%udKd;aulj isÿ fkdjk nj w;am;a lrf.k m%udKd;aulj isÿ t;fldg fï m%ldYk
wmg meyeÈ,s fjkjd' bkakjd' tajd ck;djf.a fkdjk nj wmg folu wka;jd§ka úiska
bvï' ck;dj wf;a ta meyeÈ,s fjkjd' wks;a lrk m%ldYk yeáhg
bvï j, n,m;% wd§ foa me;af;ka meyer.ekSï lshkak mq¿jka' kuq;a
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 37
wms olsk m<fjks tlai;a cd;skaf.a iq¿ cd;Ska fj;
ldrKh ;ud w;=reoyka ixúOdkfha udkj n,y;aldrh mgjkak
lsÍu jrola" tal ysñlï fldñiu;a" W;aiy lrkjd kï
wmrdOhla lshk tl hqfrdamSh m%cdj iy t;k§ ixys¢hdj;a
ms<s.kakd" thg wod<j wksl=;a rgj,a wm rfÜ §¾>ld,Sk úYajdih;a
ld¾hd,hla msysgjkak ckjd¾.Sl w¾nqoh cd;Ska w;r we;s fõ
l%shd l<d' ta l%shd lsßu iïnkaOfhka rgla hsZhs wmsg wfmaCId
i|yd we;s fjÉp yeáhg f.k ;sfnk lrkak nE' wms olskafka
m<uqjk mshjr yeáhg mshjrhka iïnkaOfhka fï ;;a;ajh ;j;a
fuh fydo W;aiyhla iEySulg m;ajkjd øùlrKhùula' fudlo
lsh,d wms olskjd' heZhs Tn is;kjdo@ wms ±lald myq.sh ld,
t;fldg fuh j, fou< ck;dj
iïnkaOfhka uõjre tla tlaflkdg ;ukaf.a whs;s jdislï
lshkafka fï idfmaCIj f.k ;sfnk b,aÆ úg Tjqkaj hqouh
ld¾hd,hg meñKs,a,la mshjrhka iïnkaOfhka jYfhka úm;g
lf<d;a fudllao wmsg úúO ú.%yhka ;sfhkak m;alr,d hqouh
,efnk m%;sM,h lsh,d' mq¿jka' wms ys;uq" jYfhka mrdchg m;a
iuyr w;=reoykaùï úm;g m;a fjÉp ck fldg wms chmeka îõjd'
ms<sn|j ksIaÑ; fldgila" uu tafla t;fldg ta chmeka îu
f;dr;=re lshk fldg;a mSvlhd fjkak mq¿jka' yryd Tjqkag lshkjd
wmsg tajd .ek úi÷ula fu;k§ wmsg È.=ld,Sk wms WU,j hgm;a lr
,efnkafka ke;s nj ixys¢hdjla we;s lr .;a;d lsh,d' ta
Tjqka m%ldY lr .ekSu i|yd wms w;r ;;a;ajh tfia ;sìh §
;sfnkjd' b;ska ta jf.a ;sfhk wfkHkH álla krl ia:dkhlg
úúO fpdaokd ueoafoa úYajdih j¾Okh lr .syska ;sfhkjd uqia,sï
;ud fï .ekSu i|yd hïlsis ck;dj iïnkaofhka' wms ±lald myq.sh ld, j,
w;=reoykajQjkaf.a ls%hdldß;ajhla wjYHhs' rfÜ m%Odk ck fldgia fou< ck;dj ;ukaf.a
ld¾hd,h msysgqjkafka' ta i|yd ixl%dka;sl 03la isákjd' isxy," whs;s jdislï b,aÆ úg
wms fïjdfha ;sfnk hqla;sh ms<sn| hdka;%kh fou<" uqia,sï' uqia,sï Tjqkaj hqouh jYfhka úm;g
Okd;aul ,CIK ms<sn| l%shd;aul l< hq;=hs' fï ck;dj iuÕ ;sfnk m;alr,d hqouh jYfhka mrdchg
olsk .uka tajdfha ms<sn|j 2017 zzúYaj ne§ï" ifydaor;ajh
m;a fldg wms chmeka îõjd'
;sfnk wvqmdvq ilia ld,dka;rZZ jd¾;dj miqld, j,§
lr .; hq;=hs lshk yryd;a hï lsis ks¾foaY úfYaIfhkau t,a'à'à t;fldg ta chmeka îu yryd
ldrKh ;uhs wmg l%shd;aul ù ;sfnkjd' ixúOdkhg tfrysj l< Tjqkag lshkjd wms WU,j hgm;a
lshkak ;sfhkafka' ixl%dka;sl hqla;sh hqoafoa§ mej;s ;;a;ajhg lr .;a;d lsh,d' ta ;;a;ajh tfia
wmsg ljodlj;a úYajdi ms<sn| l%shdj,shla jvd yd;amiskau ±ka ;sìh § álla krl ia:dkhlg
lrkak nE uyskao wdrïN l< hq;=hs lshk fjkia fj,d ;sfhkjd' .syska ;sfhkjd uqia,sï ck;dj
rdcmCI rch mej;=kd ldrKh iïnkaOfhka ±ka Tjqkaj i;=rka iïnkaofhka' rfÜ m%Odk ck
kï fujeks ld¾hd,hla l;d lr,d ta yeáhg olskak mgka fldgia 03la isákjd' isxy," fou<"
msysgjhs lsh,d' tu ksid iïnkaOfhka hï hï wrka ;sfhkjd' fujeks
j;auka m%.;sh olsñkau ;;a;ajhla ;=< ;ud uqia,sï' uqia,sï ck;dj iuÕ ;sfnk
fhdackd Èia;%Sla
fïjdfha fjkialï uÜgñka" cd;sl w¨;a.u isoaêh we;s ne§ï" ifydaor;ajh miqld, j,§
we;slr .; hq;= fjkjd' uÜgñka" m%dfoaYSh jkafka' È.k jf.a úfYaIfhkau t,a'à'à ixúOdkhg
tkï úm;g m;ajQjkag uÜgñka tl;= lr ,;a isoaëka we;s jkafka' tfrysj l< hqoafoa§ mej;s
idOdrKh ,Õd lr .; wjidkfha wd jd¾;dj ldrKd È.ska È.gu ;;a;ajhg jvd yd;amiskau ±ka
yels iy Tjqkag hï l%shd;aul lsÍu ms<sn| isoaO fjoa§;a ;du;a fjkia fj,d ;sfhkjd' ±ka Tjqkaj
wdldrhlg iEySulg ;;a;ajh .ek wmsg fou< ck;dj w;r i;=rka yeáhg olskak mgka wrka
m;aúh yels Tjqkag ieySulg m;afjkak nE' úYajdih j¾Okh
;sfhkjd' fujeks ;;a;ajhla ;=<
wjYH f;dr;=re ,nd.; ta;a tlalu wms w;r lrkak l%ufõohla
yels wdldrfha n,;, yßyeá ilia lr,d kE' ;ud w¨;a.u isoaêh we;s jkafka'
fjkialï úfYaIfhka
iys; ld¾hd,hla wks;a flkdf.a uqia,sï ck;djf.a È.k jf.a isoaëka we;s jkafka'
msysgjkjd kï" ta i|yd ixialD;sh" wd.ï fï úYajdih;a j¾Okh ldrKd È.ska È.gu isoaO fjoa§;a
wjYH myiqlï ish¨foag .re lrk lrkak l%ufõohla ;du;a fou< ck;dj w;r úYajdih
imhkjd kï" uQ,sl f;areï.kak mq¿jka ilia lr,d kE' fï j¾Okh lrkak l%ufõohla yßyeá
udkj iïm;a wdÈh iudchla" f;areï.kak wfkHdakH ne£u" ilia lr,d kE' uqia,sï ck;djf.a
jYfhka ,ndfokjd kï mqq¿jka l%uhla wms ;du wjfndaOh" ieug .re úYajdih;a j¾Okh lrkak
tal ;ud jeo.;a we;s lrf.k kE' lsÍfï ;;a;ajhla wfma
l%ufõohla ilia lr,d kE' fï
fjkafka' ld¾hd,hla úfYaIfhka wms rfÜ ;du we;s lr,d
;sîfukau muKla is;kafka wms ;ud Wiia kE' b;ska fï ;=< wfkHdakH ne£u"
m%Yakh úifo;eZhs wms cd;sh" wms ;ud fïfl úfoaYSh jYfhka" ndysr wjfndaOh" ieug .re
olskafka keye' Ôj;a fjkak ´fka jYfhka ljqre wdj;a lsÍfï ;;a;ajhla wfma
lsh,d uycd;sh is;ñka Tjqkag lrka fohla kE' rfÜ ;du we;s lr,d kE'
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
38
Tjqkag lrkak jkafka l< hq;= mshjr hq;=o@ hkak ilid
wms u; mSvkh megùu ljf¾o@ .ekSug'
muKhs; wms fïl
f;areï.kak ´kd' wfma wm olskafka iy Tn wykafka ol=Kq
cd;sh" wfma ck;dj fhdackd lrkafka fï wm%sldfõ zzi;H yd
úfYaIfhkau isxy, yeu l%shdldß;ajhla miq ixys|shdfõ fldñiu
ck;dj fïl f;areï miu we;af;a n,h ^Truth and
.kak wjYHhs' úm;g ms<sn| .eg¨j' wmsg Reconciliation
m;ajQjkag ;sfnkjd ;sfnk m%Odk foa ;ud Commission&ZZ yryd
hïlsis fõokdjla' isxy, nyq;r ck;djf.a we;s lr.;a foa .ekhs'
wúYajdihla' fïjd Pkaoh ,nd.ekSu i|yd tu fldñifï mjd úúo
iukh lsÍu i|yd l<yels fndfyda foaj,a wvqmdvqlï ÿ¾j,;d
isxy, ck msßia úYd, fï foaYmd,{fhda yd mej;=Kq mj Tjqka úiska
jev fldgila l< hq;=j mCI úiska isÿ lrkjd' igyka lrkjd' bka
;sfnkjd' wms w;ska isÿ fï ;=< mCI j,g fn§ hula jQ nj wm ms<s.;
jQ jer§ ms<s.ekSu bkak ck;dj f;areï hq;= fjkjd' t;fldg
wjYHfjkjd' fou< .kafka kE wmsg ;sfnk wms t,a't,a'wd¾'iS
ck;dj" uqia,sï ck;dj m%Odk ;¾ckh fudllao jd¾;dfõ i|yka
mdßY=oaOhs lsh,d lshk ldrKh' fudlo ldrKd"
lshkjd fkfuhs' fï wms úfYaIfhkau wfma w;=reoykajQjkaf.a
yeufokd w;skau jerÈ rfÜ bkak ck;dj ld¾hd,h" f;dr;=re
isoaOfjkak mq¿jka' mqrjeishka yeáhg ±k.ekSfï whs;sh
yenehs wms úfYaI ;ukaf.a whs;sjdislï ms<sn| foaj,a ;snqK;a
kuq;a w;=reoykajQjka wjOdkhlska jev lf<a yd wksldf.a wmg ;sfhkjdo ienE
ke;a;ï iq¿ cd;ska whs;sjdislï ms<sn| f,iu wm rg f.k .sh
iïnkaOfhka msysgjkq
;ukaf.a wdrCIdj .relsÍu .ek ;du hq;=" wm rg fhduq úh
,enQ ld¾hd,h ms<sn|j fou< i|yd;a ;ukaf.a ÈhqKqj wjfndaOhla kE' wfma hq;= ÈYdj fudllao
ck;dj w;r;a ta jf.au ol=fka i|yd;a ;u ;ud w;r foaYmd,k mCI úiskaj;a lshk tl ms<sn|j wfma
isxy, ck;dj w;r;a úYajdihla ;sfhk ne£ï tlal iudc l%uh úiskaj;a ck;dj w;r
we;s lr,d keye' talg fya;=j lghq;= lrdù' ngysr wmg lsh,d §,d kE wms iduqySl;ajhla"
fou< ck;dj lshkafka wmsg fï cd;Skagj;a tlska tlaflkdf.a wfkHdakH ne£u
yryd n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk weußldjgj;a fuys j¾Okh i|yd l%shd l< j¾Okh l< yels
idOdrKh bIag fjkafka keye lrkak fohla kE' wms hq;=hs lshk ldrKh' ms<sfj, fudllao lshk
;ud mshjr ;eìh t;fldg uu olsk tl ms<sn| ixjdohla
lsh,d' ta jf.au ck>d;k isoaO
hq;af;a ixys¢hdjg' m%Odk foa ;ud Pkao wfma rfÜ keye' wms
jqKd lshk iuyr flduidßiajre ixy," fou< uqia,sï ,nd.ekSug lrk n, yeu fõ,djl§u W;aiy
fïlg m;aj isákjd' ta ksid fï ck;dj fïl f;areï jHdmD;sh yryd ck;dj .kafka wfma cd;shla
ld¾hd,h wmg ms<s.kak neye .kak wjYHhs' fnoka W;aiy lsÍu ;=< tlal" wfma NdIdj;a
lsh,d' ol=fKa ck;dj lshkjd' md,lfhda fï i|yd uqia,sï mCI uqia,sï tlal" wd.u;a tlla
t;fldg fï m%ldYk folu l%shdlrkak wjYHhs; Pkao tl;= lrkak" bkak ck msßila iuÕ'
wka;jd§ka úiska lrk m%ldYk udOH fïl f;areïf.k fou< mCI fou< Pkao fï ixjdoh lr,d wms
yeáhg lshkak mq¿jka' kuq;a wms l%shd lrkak wjYHhs; tl;= lrkak isxy, fldfyduo wfma n,h
iudc udOH cd,d wo Pkao isxy, Pkao tl;= /l.kafka lsh,d' fï
olsk m<fjks ldrKh ;ud lrkafka oafõIh n,f,daNS jHdmD;sfhka
lrkak lrk
w;=reoyka lsÍu jrola" tal ffjrh me;srùuhs' l%shdldß;ajhla yer fï wmsg ñfokak
wmrdOhla lshk tl ms<s.kakd" rfÜ tlai;aNdjhla we;s isoaOfjkjd'
thg wod<j ld¾hd,hla ol=Kq wm%sldj ;ukaf.a lr,d rfÜ iduhla we;s tf;la wfma rgg
msysgjkak l%shd l<d' ta l%shd lsßu jd¾.Sl w¾nqoh úi|d lr,d ta yryd mSä; ch.%ykhla we;s lr
i|yd we;s fjÉp m<uqjk mshjr .ekSug zzis;a iqjm;a ck;djf.a whs;sjdislï .kak nE' b;ska wms fï
yeáhg fuh fydo W;aiyhla lr .ekSuZZ i|yd fhduq j,g .re lrk" ta iïnkaOj §¾>ld,Sk
jqKd' úúO rgj,a whs;sjdislï ,ndfok ixjdohla mqrjeishka
lsh,d wms olskjd' t;fldg fuh
cd;Ska w;r iqy|;djh mßirh wdrCId lrk iuÕ we;s fjkak ´kd'
iïnkaOfhka uõjre lshkafka fï we;s jk mßoafoka ;u iy ixrCIKh lsÍu mqrjeishka fïl
ld¾hd,hg meñKs,a,la lf<d;a wdKavql%u jHjia:d yryd f;areï.kak ´kd' wmsg
fudllao wmsg ,efnk m%;sM,h ilia lrf.k l<ukdlrKhlska iQrdlEu yryd wmsj
lsh,d' iuyr w;=reoykaùï ;sfnkjd' wm rfg;a Ndú;d lrk l%shdj,shla fno,d ;sfhk wdldrh"
ms<sn|j ksIaÑ; f;dr;=re lshk t,a't,a'wd¾'iS jd¾;dj ;du wfma rfÜ keye' wd.ï yryd wmsj fno,d
fldg;a wmsg tajd .ek úi÷ula wdjd' w;=reoyka fï ish¨ foa ueoafoa ;sfhk wdldrh yd
,efnkafka ke;s nj jQjkaf.a ld¾hd,h wmsg wjYH fjkjd wd.ñl kdhlfhda wo
msysgd ;sfnkjd' fï úYd, cd;sl lÓldjla lrk foa .ek wm
Tjqka m%ldY lr
w¾nqoh úi|.ekSug wfma rfÜ wkd.f;a lïmdjg m;afjkjd'
;sfnkjd' wm úiska wkq.uKh f.dvkeÕSu flfia úh t;fldg ta lïmdj ;=<
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 39
fldfyduo wms we;s yenehs yuqodjg wjYH idudkH ckÔú;h
lr .kafka fjkila' jk Y%uh" m%jdykh f.dvke.Su wiSre ù
wd.ï woyk ñksiqka iuyr úg f.dùkag ;sfnkjd iajNdúl
w;r ne£ula" ixjdohla ke;s c, uQ,dY% ish,a, iïm;a W;=f¾ ;sfhk
we;s lr .kafka" Tjqka i;=fjkjd' fï ëjr iïm;aj,ska" lsß
ixjdoh ;=< foaj,a ys;du;du Tjqka ksIamdok w;sk by<
fldfyduo hïlsis i;= lrf.k ;sfhkjd' m%foaYhla ;ud W;=r'
f.dvke.Sula we;s lr tajd fndfyda fj,djg ckÔú;h f.dvke.sh
.kafka' lshd fiúh idudkH f.dú ck;djg yels" f.dvke.sh hq;=
hq;=fjkjd' ta ;=< ;ud keye' ;uka ksIamdokh l%ufõohla l%shdj,Skag
we;a;gu È.=ld,Skj lrk ksIamdok W;=f¾ ndOdjka jk ;;a;ajhla
wfma rfÜ ixys¢hdj;a isg oUq,a,g tjkak hgf;a yuqodjg tajd
iduh;a ;srir f.dùkag wmyiqhs' ;uka wdhdihlska f;drj
ixj¾Okhla we;s lr bkak m%foaYfha isák ,efnkjdkï th
.ekSug mq¿jka wdikak;u úIu;djhla' ta
fjkafka' wmsg ;du kE w;rueÈhdghs Tjqka úIu;djh ;=< ta
oelaula wfma rg f. w,ú lrkafka' ta wh m%foaYfha isák f.dú
dvke.sh hq;= wdldrh .kak uqo,g fokjd' ck;djg" úYd,
ms<sn|j' iïm;a ;du wms kuq;a yuqodjg wjYH ndOdjla fjkjd'
Ndú;d lrkafka wuqøjH kï oUq,a,g ;u Bg wu;rj yuqodj
yeáhg msgrgg f. ksIamdok f.k tkak j.dlrkafka ck;dj
kshkak' fïl myiqlï ;sfnkjd' f. f.ka w;am;a l< bvï
fldfyduo fjkia dúfhla f.dú;eka lroaÈ j, fjkakg mq¿jka'
lrkafka@ wdl,am wlalr 2"3la j.d iuyrúg fï ck;dj
fjkia úh hq;= fjkjd' lrkak mq¿jka' yuqodjg bkafka ;du;a l|jqre
wOHdmk l%uh ;=<ska Bg jvd wlalr j, fjkak mq¿jka' ta
hïlsis wdldrhlg m%udKhla j.dlrkak ;;a;ajh ;=< Tjqkaf.a
ñksiqkaf.a uki Tjqkag N+ñh ;sfnkjd' bvï yuqodj mdúÉÑ
;ukaf.a whs;sh ms<sn| yuqodj t<j¿ j.d lsÍu idOdrK fjkak
;sfhk uQ,sl ±lau ilia lf<d;a ta ksIamdok neye' idudkH
úh hq;= fjkjd' wd.u" fj<| fmd<g f.akjd' ck;djf.a ck Ôú;h
cd;sh" NdIdj fojkqjg f.dúfhd;a ;u f.dvke.Su i|yd t;fldg wms t,a't,a'wd¾'iS
;nd fldfyduo ksIamdok f.dfkkjd' ck;dj Ndú;d lrk
iyuQ,sl;ajh bÈßhg f.dúfhda f.ak lsf,da ;ukaf.a iïm;a" jd¾;dfõ i|yka ldrKd"
f.k hkafka lsh,d .dKhs yuqodj f.ak mßirh yuqodj úiska w;=reoykajQjkaf.a
wmsg ys;kak fjkjd' ta lsf,da .dKhs .;a;du ;rÕldÍj Ndú;d ld¾hd,h" f;dr;=re ±k.ekSfï
is;=ú,a, i|yd jk yuqodfõ ksIamdok lrkjd kï f.dùkag whs;sh ms<sn| foaj,a ;snqK;a wmg
uQ,sl jevms<sfj, wms m%udKh jeäfjkjd fï ;;a;ajhg ;sfhkjdo ienE f,iu wm rg f.
ish¨fokd tlaj ilia fiau úhou wvq ksid uqyqKfokak neye' tal k .sh hq;=" wm rg fhduq úh hq;=
lr .; hq;= fjkjd' Tjqkag mq¿jka ;u ;ud ;;a;ajh' ÈYdj fudllao lshk tl ms<sn|j
ksIamdok wvq uqo,lg ck;djf.a ck Ôú;h
wfma ck;dj w;r iduqySl;ajhla"
yuqodj W;=re kef. fj<|fmdf,a úl=Kkak' lvdjefgkjd' Tjqkaf.a
kysr m%foaY j, j.d kuq;a f.dúhdg tfyu wd¾Ólh lvd jefgkjd' wfkHdakH ne£u j¾Okh l< yels
lghq;= j, ksr; lrkak neye' fudlo fuhg j. lsj hq;af;da ms<sfj, fudllao lshk tl ms<sn|
fjkjd lshd wdrxÑ w;ska mdvq isÿfjkjd' ljqrekafoda@ ixjdohla wfma rfÜ keye' wms yeu
fjkjd' fï wdldrhg f.dúhdg Kh nr fõ,djl§u W;aiy.kafka wfma
isú,a iudcfha lghq;= ;sfnkjd' m%jdykhg" cd;shla tlal" wfma NdIdj;a tlal"
j, ksr;ùu W;=f¾ hka;% iQ;% j,g" fhdok , idlÉPd lf<a ( wd.u;a tlla bkak ck msßila
ck;djf.a ÈhqKqjg ñksia Y%uhg" fmdfydr iuÕ' fï ixjdoh lr,d wms
ckÔú;hg flfia j,g uqo,a úhoï ik;a m%kdkaÿ
fldfyduo wfma n,h
n,mdúo@ fjkjd' ksIamdokh
úhou jeä ksid /l.kafka lsh,d' fï n,f,daNS
yuqodj f.dú;ekg jHdmD;sfhka wmsg ñfokak
iïnkaOùu .ek Tn f.dúhdg Ôj;afjkak isoaOfjkjd'
wid isákjd' f.dúfhla nerej .syska ;sfnkjd'
f.dú;ekg wjYH fï ;;a;ajh ëjr
fmdfydr" Y%uh" g%elag¾" l¾udka;hg wod<j"
m%jdyk myiqlï fï ixpdrl l¾udka;hg
ish,a, ;uka imhd .; wod<j fkdfhl=;a ;eka
hq;=fjkjd' fï ish,a, j, isoaO fjkjd'
Tjqkaf.a ksIamdok
úhoug tl;=fjkjd' fï ;;a;ajh ;=<
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
40
j¾.jdohg kï wdfha
f,dalfha mqk¾Ôjkhla ,nkak neye
21 jk ishji" kQ;k;ajhg
wNsfhda. t,a, jk
ishjila' zzjd¾.sl iy
cd;sljd§ w¾nqohka 21 jk ishjig j¾.jdohg lsisÿ
úoHd;aul mokula keye
.e,fmao@ keoao@ZZ lsh,d wykfldg
flfkl=g lshkak mq¿jka
zz.e,fmkafka keye lsh,dZZ uu
ys;kafka wmg jeo.;ajkafka
zzfldfyduo fï jf.a foaj,a 21 fjks
ishji ;=<;a wmsg ±lsh yelafla@ZZ
lsh,d wyk tlhs' wfma m%Yak
lsÍfuka wms woyia lrkjd j¾.
jdoh yd cd;sljdoh kQ;k" ÈhqKq"
m%.;sYS,S hq.hg .e,fmk fohla
fkdfõ lsh,d' j¾.jdohg kï
wdfha f,dalfha mqk¾Ôjkhla ,nkak
neye' j¾.jdohg lsisÿ
úoHd;aul mokula keye
lshk tl iïmQ¾Kfhkau
ikd: fj,d ;sfhkjd'

cd;s jdoh" j¾. jdoh fN!;sl ,CIK tkï" me;sß,d ;snqkd' kuq;a
f,dal b;sydifha isg ndysrj .;af;d;a ifï úis jk ishjfia isg
mj;skakla' fuhg j¾Kh" miq ld,Skj ms<s.efkk ldrKh
fya;=jk iudc úoH{hska msßia ;uhs fuh úoHd;aul
úoHd;aul miqìu ms<sn| tl;=fj,d fudf<a mokulska f;dr
mjikjdkï mejish m%udKh uekSu hkd§ ixialD;sl ks¾ñ;hla
yelafla l=ulao@ fjk;a ldhsl ,CIK ke;fyd;a W;amdokhla
mokï lrf.k" Ôj nj' we;a; jYfhkau wm
j¾.jdohg" cd;sljdohg úoHd;aulj ukqIHhd lreKq fidhd ne¨jfyd;a
wE; b;sydihla ;sfhkjd m%fNao j,g j¾. lsÍu j¾.jdofha b;sydih" th
lsh,d wmg yeÕSula we;s u; Tjqkag Wreu jqKq fojk f,dal hqoaOfha §
fjkak mq¿jka' kuq;a ldhsl ,CIK" fm!reIh" ^1934-1945& c¾uksh ,enQ
we;a;gu fidhd nqoaêh" iodpdrh iy mrdcfhka miqj"
ne¨jfyd;a tys b;sydih fjk;a ixialD;sluh c¾uksfha ta jk úg;a
kQ;k hq.fha b|,d ;uhs ,CIK w;r .eUqßka uq,a neif.k
mgka .kafka' ±ka wms iyiïnkaO;djhla ;snQ hqfoõ úfrdaOh
okakjd j¾.jdoh ke;fyd;a wfkHkH mokï lrf.k
wdpd¾h (racism ) lsh,d iïnkaOhla ;sfhkjd f.dvkef.kakla njhs
lshkafka" j¾.h (race) lsh, úYajdi lsÍu' fï b;sydi{hskaf.a u;h'
l=uqÿ l=iqï l=udr lshk ixl,amh mokï woyi ld,hla f,dalh Bg wu;rj j¾. jdohg
lrf.k" ñksidf.a mqrd b;du mq¿,aj iïnkao m%Odk
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 41
ft;sydisl ixisoaëka folla ;sfnkjd' fjkqfjka fmks isák cd;shla lsh,d' l|jqre j, fldgq lr,d Tjqkaj m%cdjla
tlla ;uhs ol=Kq wm%sldkq iïNjhla kuq;a tfyu ;uka y÷kajd.kakd jYfhka fjkalr,d" Tjqka iudÔh
;sfnk ckhd jy,aNdjhg n|jd.ekSu' cd;shla fldfyduo jy,afiajh jYfhka" iduqysl jYfhka fjkalrk
th uQ,sl jYfhka isÿjkafka idOdrKSlrKh lrkafkao hk .eg¨j jevms<sfj,la c¾uksh ;=< ;snqkd' th
weußldfõ jy,a fiajh wdrïNùu u;=fjkjd' tf,i idOdrKSlrKh jvd;a ixúOdkd;aulj isÿfjkjd
iu.hs' wfkl ol=Kq wm%sldfõ j¾. lrkak mq¿jka fjkafka fudjqka iudcfha mj;sk fohla yeáhg
fNaojdoh' fï lreKq 03 ;uhs wmg udkjhska jYfhka iqÿ cd;Skag jvd weußldfõ iy wm%sldfõ' weußldj
olskak mq¿jka j¾.jdofha ft;sydisl my;a uÜgul bkak wh nj ikd: wm%sldkq iïNjhla we;s l¿ cd;slhska
wdrïNhka úÈhg' lsÍug .kakd W;aiyh u;hs' j¾.h iy Tjqkaf.ka mej; tkakka
lshk woyi f.k tkafka wkak ta jy,aNdjfha fhdodf.k Tjqkaj fiiq
thg tyd ;sfhk b;sydifha ;sì,d jHdmD;sh i|ydhs' iudcfhka iïmQ¾Kfhkau fjka lrk
;sfhk .egqï j¾. jdoh lsh,d kï ^Segregation) jev ms<sfj,la f.k
lr,d ;sfnk w¾:fhka wmg .kak Y%S ,xldfõ mej;s .egqu wmg hkjd' weußldfõ isÿlrkafka Tjqkag
mq¿jka tajd fkfjhs' tajd wd.ñl y÷kajkak mq¿jkajkafka flfiao@ fjku mdi,a" fjku wjkay,a" niaßfha
.egqï fjkak;a mq¿jka" tfyu ke;a;ï mjd fjku hd hq;= ;;a;ajhla
hï hï wêrdcHhka w;r we;s ,xldfõ isxy,-fou< .egqu wmsg ta mekùuhs' udkj ;;a;ajfhka wvq hehs
fjÉp .egqï' w¾:fhka j¾.jd§ lsh,d kï lrkak kï lrk ck fldgia fjkalsÍuhs
neye' th y÷kajkak yelsjkafka fuys yrh' th W.% jYfhka f.k .shd
kdissjdoh ysÜ,¾ n,hg m;aùu;a ckjd¾.sl (Ethnic) .egqula yeáhg' ol=Kq wm%sldfõ j¾.fNao jdoh ;=<'
iuÕu ;u jdishg j¾.jdoh foaYmd,ksl jYfhka iuyreka ;¾l thska iqÿ yd l¿ cd;ska w;r iDcq
fhdod.kakjd' hqfoõjreka iudÔh lrkak mq¿jka fïl cd;Ska (Nations) iudÔh iïnkaOlï wE;alr,d" tu
jYfhka" ixialD;sluh jYfhka w;r .egqula lsh,d' ckj¾. cd;ska w;r újdyh mjd lsis f,ilska
woaú;Sh ck;djla f,i b;sydifha (Ethinicity) iy j¾.h (Race) w;r fyda isÿ fkdúh hq;= fohla f,i i,ld
È.gu mej;s,d ;sfhkjd' ta ksid meyeÈ,sju ixl,amSh fjkialï lghq;= l<d'
Tjqkag tfrysùï" fldkalsÍï iy ;sfhkjd' tajd iy cd;sl;ajh
u¾okhka Tjqkaf.a meje;afï b;sydih (Nationality) w;r;a fjkialï j¾.jdoh hqo flda,dy, .egqï j,g
mqrdjg ;sì,d ;sfhkjd' Tjqka ;u ;sfhkjd' isxy, fou, jd¾.sl .egqfï fya;=jqkd hehs lshkak mq¿jka fjkafka
ixialD;sl ,CIK flfrys ±ä § we;eï fou< foaYmd,k lKavdhï tys idïm%odhsl w¾:hg jvd kdisjd§ka
wjOdkhlska isá ckfldgila' Tjqka lshd isákak W;aiy lrkjd" Tjqka hqfoõjkag tfrysj l< ñksia ixydrh
l%ufhka iudÔh jYfhka" wd¾Òl fjku cd;shla lsh,d' túg cd;sh ksihs' ta jf.au weußldfõ l¿
jYfhka ±ä id¾:l;ajhla ,nkjd lshk ixl,amh;a wmsg t;k§ cd;slhskaj jy,aNdjfha ;ndf.k
hqfrdamSh b;sydih ;=<' fï lreKq idlÉPdjg .kak mq¿jka' i<lmq wdldrh" ol=Kq wm%sldfõ iqÿ
mokï lrf.k c¾uksfha yeuodu;a cd;slhska foaYmd,k n,h ;ndf.k
mej;=kq hqfoõ úfrdaOh ysÜ,¾ n,hg j¾.jdoh" cd;sjdoh hqo flda,dyd, l¿ cd;slhska ;;a;ajfhka"
meñKs miq ;u jdishg fhdod.kakjd' fukau .eg¨ /ila Wreu lr § udkùhNdjfhka wvq ckfldgila
kdisjdoh mej;s hq.h ;=< hqfoõ ;sfnkjd' fï úkdYh .ek ksoiqka yeáhg i<l,d Tjqkag mSvdldÍ"
úfrdaOh uq,a lrf.k j¾.jdoh u;= lSmhla iys;j i|yka lrkjd kï ysxidldÍ" u¾okldÍ f,i mj;ajdf.k
flfrkjd' mejish yelafla l=ula o@ .sh md,k l%uh ;=< Tjqkaf.a
iudÔh Èhqkqj je,l=kd' tn÷ foa ;uhs
wm%sldkq cd;slhska jy¨ka f,i j¾.jdoh .ek iqm%isoaOu WodyrKh fï j¾.jd§ b;sydih;a tlal wmg
fhdod.ekSug weußldj fhduqùu iy ;uhs hqfoõjka my;a j¾.hla f,i olskakg ;sfhkafka'
ol=Kq wm%sldfõ j¾KfNao jdoh mokfï i<l,d c¾udkqjka W;=ï wd¾h jxYhla
;sfnkafka meyeÈ,sju ;ukaf.a wd¾Òl f,i i<l,d hqfoõjkag tfrysj cd;sljdofha b;sydih;a kQ;kh yd
wjYH;djhka i|yd wm%sldkq iïNjhla fkdfhl=;a fkdmk;alï" ysxid" mSvd iïnkaO fohla' iudchSh ;;a;ajhka
we;s cd;slhska fhdod.ekSu' tl w;lska fjkalsÍï" fldkalsÍï iy wjidkfha § u; cd;sl jdofha m%fNaohka ;sfnk nj
weußldjg lshd isákak wjYH jqkd Tjqkaj iuQ, >d;kh olajd fhduq fuys§ wms f;areï.kak wjYHhs'
;uka ksoyia ksjy,a udkj ixy;shla fjÉp kdis jdoh' hqfoõjkaj kdis cd;sljdofha uQ,sl woyi jkafka cd;sh

wm%sldkq cd;slhska jy¨ka f,i fhdod.ekSug

weußldj fhduqùu iy ol=Kq wm%sldfõ j¾KfNao
jdoh mokfï ;sfnkafka meyeÈ,sju ;ukaf.a wd¾Òl
wjYH;djhka i|yd wm%sldkq iïNjhla we;s cd;slhska
fhdod.ekSu' tl w;lska weußldjg lshd isákak wjYH
jqkd ;uka ksoyia ksjy,a udkj ixy;shla fjkqfjka
fmks isák cd;shla lsh,d' kuq;a tfyu ;uka y÷kajd
.kakd cd;shla fldfyduo jy,afiajh idOdrKSlrKh
lrkafkao hk .eg¨j u;=fjkjd' tf,i idOdrKSlrKh
lrkak mq¿jka fjkafka fudjqka udkjhska jYfhka
iqÿ cd;Skag jvd my;a uÜgul bkak wh nj ikd:
lsÍug .kakd W;aiyh u;hs' j¾.h lshk woyi
f.k tkafka wkak ta jHdmD;sh i|yhs'
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
42
iy ck;dj iu.dó jk cd;sl f.dvkef.k cd;sljdohla ms<sn| iïnkaOjhs' WodyrKhla yeáhg
rdcHhla ye§uhs' thska woyia jkafka woyi m<uq j;djg kQ;k b;sydihg .;af;d;a fidaúhÜ ix.uh ì|jeá,d
ck;dj yd cd;sh tlla lsh,d .ekSu' meñfKkafka' tys§ c¾udkq cd;sljdohla ìysjqKd' kef.kysr
tal miqj j¾Okh fjkjd nqoaêu;=kaf.a ;¾lh jkafka c¾udkq hqfrdamh ì|jeá,d cd;sljdohla
ksfYaOkd;aul me;a;g" tl ckj¾. NdIdj l;d lrk c¾udkq cd;slhska ìysjqKd' wo;a cd;sl;ajh mokï
hla uq,a lrf.k tu ckj¾.hg cd;sh isák" c¾udkq cd;sh uq,a lr .;a lrf.k .egqï mj;skjd' wfma rfÜ
whs;shs lshk woyi iïnkaO lrf.k' cd;sl rdcHhla jYfhka c¾uksh isxy, fou< .egqu wjidk jqKdh lshd
t;fldg cd;sh lshk ixl,amh" cd;sl f.dvke.Sug wjYH nj' wmsg lshkak neye" hqoaOfhka t,a'à'á
jdoh .;aúg fïjdfha b;sydifha ixúOdkh mrdch jqKd lsh,d' wfma
;sfhkafka iudÔh jYfhka .;af;d;a wo wms w;aolsk f,dalh mqrd jHdma;j l,dmfha bkaÈhdj mlsia:dkh w;r
m<uqj ody;ajk ishjfia tx.,ka;fha ;sfnk" tl NdIdjla l;d lrk" .egqu" bkaÈhdj Ökh w;r .egqu' ta
Y=oaOjd§ úma,jh (puritan revolution) ckj¾.hla uq,a lrf.k f.dvkefÕk jf.au ;=¾lsh" brdkh wdÈh we;=<;aj
lsh,d y÷kajkak mq¿jka fjki cd;shla u; mokï jQ cd;sl rdcHhla f,dj fndfyda l,dm j, cd;sl;ajh
we;sùu iïnkaO lrf.k' th w¨;ska ms<sn|" fnÿïjd§" udkj ixy;sh uq,alrf.k .egqï È.gu mj;skjd' ta
kefÕk ueo mka;shla Okjdoh NdIdjkag fnok tu cd;sljd§ woyi ksid wms weish hq;= m%Yakh jkafka
f.dvke.Su i|yd keUqre jk iudÔh uq,a nei.kafka c¾uksh uq,afj,d zwehs fïjd È.ska È.gu mj;skafka@Z
;;a;ajhla ;=< wdrïN jk l%shdj,shla' f.dvkef.k fuu t<Uqfuka miafia' hkakhs'
yenehs" fïl wo wm ys;k cd;sljdoh fï folu kQ;k ixisoaëka" ksYaÑ;
fkfuhs' ;;a;ajhka ;=< f.dvkeÕ=kq tajd' fï ñksid lshk i;a;ajhd i;=kag jvd
foflau meyeÈ,s fjkila ;sfnkjd' fjkia' kuq;a wehs fï .egqï@ hk
wdrïNfha § hqfrdamSh cd;sljdÈ cd;sljdoh f.dvke.Sfï uQ,sl m%Yakh jeo.;a' ta lshkafka
ixl,amh ;snqfKa m%nqoaOjdofha wx." wdrïNl mokula jkafka iudch kQ;k;ajfha moku jQfha udkj
úYaùh wx." kQ;k YsIagdpdrhla ms<sn| fjkia fjkúg jevjiïjdoh ì| jeà ixy;sh (humanity) " iudkd;au;djh"
woyi" ksoyialdó udkjfhla jYfhka Okjdoh f.dvkef.k úg w¨;ska .re;ajh ms<sn| woyia' tlai;acd;Skaf.a
ish¨ fokdg iudk whs;sjdislï ìysjk iudc mka;Ska" úfYaIfhkau ixúOdkh ìysjqKd" udkj ysñlï
,efnk W;a;=x. udkùhNdjhla ueomka;Ska" tkï iq¿ OfkaIajr m%{ma;sh we;s lrf.k ;sfnkjd' tajd
ms<sn| woyila uq,a lrf.khs' fï mka;shhs' Tjqkag ;ukaf.a iudc ;sìh§;a wehs kej; kej;;a cd;sjdoh
cd;sljdoh wo wms l:d lrk isxy, ;;a;ajh ia:djr lr .ekSu i|yd" we;sjkafka@ uu ys;kafka wm ta m%Yakh
cd;sljdoh" fou< cd;sljdoh jeks ;ks Tjqkaf.a ksIamdok ls%hdj,sh ;yjqre ;ud keÕsh hq;af;a' hï fohla wmg
ckj¾.hla u; mokï jQ cd;shla lr .ekSfï wjYH;djh ksid uq,ska fydohs krlhs lsh,d lshk tl myiqhs
f.dvke.Sfï woyi fkfï' Tjqkaf.a cd;sl rdcH ms<sn| woyfia moku wms ms<s.kakd lreKq u;' th
cd;sh jqfka tl rdcHhla ;=<g ish¨ ielfikjd' miqj" thg NdIdj ms<sn| foaYmd,k woyila' m%Yakh ;sfhkafka
ckhd we;=<;a lr .kakd tl rgl" woyia tl=fjkjd' m%xYh yd c¾uksh tfia lSmuKska fïjd ke;sfj,d
tl cd;shla mej;Su ms<sn| woyihs' w;r .egqu - mdol lrf.k' ;sfhkjdo@ ,xldfõ iudch wrf.k
n,kak' tfia lSmuKska ke;sfj,d
m<uqj tx.,ka;fha zzmshqßgka úma,jhZZ j¾.jdoh" cd;sjdoh kQ;khg hkafka keye' wms W;aidy l< hq;af;a
uq,a lrf.k we;s jk cd;sl;ajh fldmuk ÿrg" úis tlajk ishjig wehs fï cd;sjd§ .egqï È.ska È.gu
ms<sn| yeÕSu;a fojkqj weußldj yd fldmuK .e,fmao@ mj;skafka lshk ldrKh f;areï.kak'
m%xY úma,jh uq,a lrf.k we;s jk ux ys;kafka fïlg ir< fmdÿ
cd;sljdoh;a kQ;k cd;sljdofha 21 jk ishji" kQ;k;ajhg wNsfhda. W;a;rhla keye' yenehs tl fohla
wdrïNh ,l=kq lrkjd' weußldkq t,a, jk ishjila' zzjd¾.sl iy ;sfhkjd' ta lshkafka kQ;k cd;sjdoh
úma,jhg moku jQfha ksoyi ms<sn| cd;sljd§ w¾nqohka 21 jk ishjig taug fmr ñksiqka hï m%cdjlg ;uka
woyihs' th úuqla;sh yd ksoyi ms<sn| .e,fmao@ keoao@ZZ lsh,d wykfldg whs;shs lshk yeÕSu jeo.;a fldg
woyia uq,a lrf.k lsishï fok ,o flfkl=g lshkak mq¿jka ie,l+ nj fmakak ;sfhkjd' ;uka
N+ñ m%udKhl jik ish¨ ckhd thg .e,fmkafka keye lsh,d' uu whs;s uQ,sl m%cdj y`ÿkd.kak mq¿jka
we;=<;a lr .kakd cd;shla uq,alrf.k ys;kafka wmg jeo.;ajkafka l=,h" .u" m<d; jf.a ldrKd u;' tal
f.dvkefÕk cd;sl rdcHhla ms<sn| zzfldfyduo fï jf.a foaj,a 21 fjks wjidkfha § rg" cd;sh jeks
woyihs' wms okakjd m%xY úma,jfhka ishji ;=<;a wmsg ±lsh yelafla@ZZ ;;a;ajhlg j¾Okh fjkak mq¿jka'
ìysjQ cd;sl rdcHh úuqla;sh" lsh,d wyk tlhs' wfma m%Yak lsÍfuka tn÷ ldrKd ;snqK;a tajd blaujd
iudkd;au;djh" ifydaor;ajh hk wms woyia lrkjd j¾.jdoh yd hkak" udkj ixy;shla .ek ys;kak
ixl,am uq,a lrf.k f.dvke.=kq cd;sljdoh kQ;k" ÈhqKq" m%.;sYS,S hq. udkjhka fm<Uqkd' tal ;uhs
cd;sl rdcHhla' fï cd;sljdoh Tjqka hg .e,fmk fohla fkdfõ lsh,d' kQ;k;ajfha by<u idOkh' kuq;a"
ie,l=fõ udkj YsIagdpdrhla j¾.jdohg kï wdfha f,dalfha ;ukaf.a meje;aug ;¾ckhla
f.dvke.Sug uq,a jk cd;sljdohla mqk¾Ôjkhla ,nkak neye' j¾.jdohg t,a,fjkjdh lshk yeÕSu
yeáhghs' yenehs m%xYh tn÷ lsisÿ úoHd;aul mokula keye lshk we;sfjkfldg ñksiaiq ;ukaf.a uQ,
YsIagdpdrhla f.dvke.Sug kdhl;ajh tl iïmQ¾Kfhkau ikd: fj,d m%cdjka hehs Tjqka úYajdi lrk
.;a wjia:dfõ § m%xYh wêrdcHjdÈfhla ;sfhkjd' ixisoaëkag miq niskjd wmg ±lsh
f,i l%shd lrkjdh lshd c¾uksh" yelsh' j¾;udkfha tn÷ ixisoaëka
c¾udkq nqoaêu;=ka Bg tfrysj cd;sljdoh" wms okakjd È.ska È.gu w;r ck j¾.h" wd.u hkdÈh m%Odkhs'
f.dvkÕk jHdmdrhla ;=<ska ;uhs wo kej; kej; u;=fjñka tkjd' Tn b;ska wms weish hq;= m%Yakh ;uhs wehs
wms l;d lrk ckj¾.hla uq,alrf.k lshmq hqo flda,dy, j¾;udkfha we;s ñksiaiqkag fok ,o wjia:djl
muKla fkfï NdIdjla uq,a lrf.k jkafka j¾.jdohg fkdj cd;sljdohg ;ukaf.a wd.ñl meje;aug fyda ck
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m<uqj tx.,ka;fha zzmshqßgka úma,jhZZ uq,a lrf.k we;s jk
cd;sl;ajh ms<sn| yeÕSu;a fojkqj weußldj yd m%xY
úma,jh uq,a lrf.k we;s jk cd;sljdoh;a kQ;k
cd;sljdofha wdrïNh ,l=kq lrkjd' weußldkq úma,jhg moku
jQfha ksoyi ms<sn| woyihs' th úuqla;sh yd ksoyi ms<sn| woyia
uq,a lrf.k lsishï fok ,o N+ñ m%udKhl jik ish¨ ckhd thg
we;=<;a lr .kakd cd;shla uq,alrf.k f.dvkefÕk cd;sl rdcHhla
ms<sn| woyihs' wms okakjd m%xY úma,jfhka ìysjQ cd;sl rdcHh
úuqla;sh" iudkd;au;djh" ifydaor;ajh hk ixl,am uq,a
lrf.k f.dvke.=kq cd;sl rdcHhla fï cd;sljdoh Tjqka
ie,l=fõ udkj YsIagdpdrhla f.dvke.Sug uq,a jk
cd;sljdohla yeáhghs'

jd¾.sl meje;aug ;¾ckhla jkjd jf.a wh f.k .sh wr.,fhka miq ms,sn| woyila meyeÈ,sj ;sì,d
lsh,d ±fkkafka@ hkak' bkaÈhdj ksoyi ^1947& ,n,d cd;sl ;sfhkjd rcjreka w;r' kuq;a tu
rdcHhla njg m;afjkjd' ta ksoyi ixl,amh u; ,xldj tlafiai;a lrmq
21jk ishjfia È.yefrk f.da,ShlrK ,eîu ;=<u bkaÈhdj yd mlsia:dkh wjia:d wvqh' ta jf.au tf,i
l%shdj,sh iuÕ' we;s uy;a ±jeka; ^1947& fjkafjkjd' tfia fjkajkafka tlafiai;a lr,d we;s talSh rdcHhla
iudÔh" wd¾Òl" ixia;D;sl uqia,sï cd;sl;ajh uq,alrf.k' b;sydjfha È.gu wLKavj mej;=Kd
úm¾hdihka Èh;afjkjd' ta yd miqlf,l tu ;;a;ajh ;j;a tydg lsh,d lshkak wmg idOl keye'
iïnkaO foaYmd,k úm¾hdihkao f.khñka nx.,dfoaYh 1971§ bx.%Siska tk úg fuys mej;=fka lkao
isÿfjkjd' ±ka udkjhd fï fjkialï yefokjd' ksoyiska miq bkaÈhdj Wv rg rdcOdkshla uq,alr.;a iy
j,g uqyqKfok fldg úYd, wjq,lg" ckj¾. w;súYd, ixLHdjla" NdId w;s W;=f¾ fjku rdc md,khla' Bg
l,n.Ekshlg wirKNdjhlg úYd, ixLHdjla ;sfnk rgla' kuq;a miqld,Skj fldaÜfÜ rdcOdkshla
m;afjkjd' ta ;=< Tjqka fm,fUkjd bkaÈhdj kQ;k cd;sl rdcHh msysg jQ ;sfhkjd' mQrj kQ;k ,xld b;sydifha
fï uyd f.da,Sh mßudKSh iqkdñhla wdldrfha Yla;su;aNdjh ksid wmg m%dka; md,kh ;sì,d ;sfhkjd" ta
n÷ fjkialï j,g Tfrd;a;=foñka fmfkkjd" bkaÈhdjg mq¿jka fj,d reyeKq msysá udhd hkd§ l,dm ;=< ' ta
;udg r|d mej;sh yels uQ,hka ;sfhkjd ckjd¾.sl .egqï wvqlr jf.au W;=f¾ m%dka; md,khla ;sì,d
fydhkak' uu ys;kafka wms fï .ksñka bkaÈhdkq cd;sl rdcHhla ;sfhkjd' tf,i fjka jqK m%dka;
cd;sljdoh lsh,d y÷kajk wd.ñl" /lf.k bÈßhg hkak' tal fydo md,k b;sydifha ;snQ rgla ;ud
ckjd¾.sl uQ,hka u; mokï jqkq WodyrKhla hg;a úð;jdofhka ksoyi iuia;hla jYfhka ì%;dkHhka úiska
jHdmdr tys m%;sM,hla' idudkH ,enQ cd;shla fldfyduo ;u hg;a lr .;a miQ tla rdcHhla hg;g
ukqIHhd úhjq,a ueo ;udg r|d iduqysl;ajh .egqï j,ska ìf|kakg f.fkkafka' ì%;dkHhkaf.ka ksoyi
mej;Sug hï lsisfohla fidhkfldg bvfkd§ /lf.k hkafka lshk tlg' ,efnk úg wmg ,efnkafka
foaYmd,k{hka ;ukaf.a foaYmd,k .egqï we;sfjkafka keye lsh,d mßmd,kuh jYfhka tf,i tlafiai;a
wruqKq bgqlr .ekSu yd jHdmD;s lshkak neye' wms okakjd bkaÈhdfõ lrk ,o rgla' ì%;dkH md,k hq.h
fufyhùug uyckhdf.a iyfhda.h cd;sljd§" ckjd¾.sl .egqï we;s jqkd" ;=<;a fuys ;snqkd my; rg Wvrg
,nd.ekSug th wjia:djla lr yskaÿ iy uqia,sï ckjd¾.sl fldgia fn§ï isxy,hka w;r' Bg wu;rj
.kakjd' cd;slljdohg úi÷ï fidhk w;r' B<Õg ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ fou< ì%;dkHhka úiska y÷kd.kq ,enQ fou<"
úg wm fuh jgyd.; hq;= fjkjd' ck j¾.fha wNsfhda.hla mj;skjd" uqia,sï" isxy," n¾.¾ ckj¾. w;r
Tjqka ;ukaf.a meje;au f.k hkafka fn§ï ;snqKd' fï fn§ï miqìfuys
cd;sl úuqla;s wr., wm ÿgqfõ jdu fldfyduo lsh,d" bkaÈhdkq rdcH ;=<' ì%;dkHhka úiska tlai;a l< ,dxlSl
jd§ foaYmd,k iajrEmhla ;=< kuq;a bkaÈhdj fydo WodyrKhla" rdcHh ksoyiska miq ;uka w;g
^wêrdcHjdohg úreoaOj& ksoyiska miafia f.dvkÕmq cd;sl m;ajqKdu ,xldfõ md,l mka;shg
f.dvkeÕ=Kq njh' tf,i igka ;=<ska rdcHhla ish¨ cd;Skag iudkj yels jQfha keye" ck j¾." cd;Ska"
ch.%ykh l< hg;a úð;jdofhka i<lñka cd;sl rdcHh /l.kak .kak wd.ñl fldgia tlai;a lrf.k
ksoyia jQ rdcHhka mjd cd;sjd§ W;aiyhla ms<sn|' È.=l,la rdcHh mj;ajdf.k hkak'
iajrEmhg hñka uycd;sh uq,a lr ir<j lshkjd kï isxy, nyq;rfha
.;a rdcHhka njg m;afjkjd wm ±l ,xldfõ Bg fjkiaj ksoyiska miafia cd;sl;ajh ksoyiska miq ,xldj ;=<
;sfnkjd' wjidkfha tjeks rdcHhka isxy, fou, ckj¾. fol" ta jf.au u;=fjkjd" ;ukag wysñfj,d ;snqKdh
;=< m%cd;ka;%jd§ úfrdaê fou< uqia,sï ckj¾. fol iy isxy, lshk Tjqka úYajdi l< whs;sjdislï
w;a;fkdau;sl md,khka ìysùu uqia,sï ckj¾. fol w;r .egqï Èkd.ekSu Wfoid' fou< ckhdf.a
mqrjeis foaYmd,khg l=uk j¾Okh fjkjd' ,xldjg bx.%Sis foaYmd,k kdhlhska u;= lrk
wdldrfhka n,mdkjdo@ hg;aúð;jdoh meñKSfuka miq ;uhs .eg¨j" ta ;=< Tjqkag widOdrKhla
,xldj;a" cd;sl rdcHh lshk jqKdh hkak' fï .egqu rdcHh uq,a
wms zbkaÈhdjZ hkqfjka wo y÷kajk ixl,amhg m%úIaGjkafka' bx.%Siska lrf.k isÿlrk ysxidldÍ .egqï olajd
l,dmh .ksuq' bkaÈhdj hg;aúð;hla meñKSug fmr ,xldfõ kQ;k w¾: j¾Okh fjkjd' fï ;=<
ùug fmr cd;sl rdcHhla fkdfjhs' fhka cd;sl rdcHhla ;snqKdh lsh,d m%cd;ka;%jdohg isÿjkafka l=ula o
tys ;snqfKa úúO rcjre" l=udrjre" wmg lshkak neye' uypd¾h .Kkd: lshk tl wmsg f;areï.kak mq¿jka'
úúO m%dka;j, rclï lrñka md,kh Tfífialr Tyqf.a ,sms f,aLk j, ksoyiska miq ,xldfõ b;sydih ;=<
l< lsishï w¾Ooaùmhla' kuq;a wêrdcH idlÉPd lrk mßÈ mQ¾j-kQ;k ckj¾. uq,a lrf.k we;s fjÉp
úfrdaë jHdmdrh ;=< .dkaê" fkare ,xldfõ ffiajÍNdjh" iajdêm;Hh .egqï" úfYaIfhkau 1956 isg isxy,"
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
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fn!oaO u; jdoh uq,a lrf.k rdcHhg wjYH miqìula ks¾udKh lrk nj wms cd;sjdoh u;= lrkak ;=vq fok
we;s fjÉp n,mEu u;" isxy, fn!oaO foaYmd,k úYaf,aIlhska fmkajd lreKq jgyd .kakjd kï" l,ska
rdcHfhka iy isxy, ck;djf.ka fokjd' fï iïnkaOfhka Tnf.a u;h idlÉPd l< mߧ cd;sjdohg mqrjeis
fou, ck;djg mSvd t,a, fjkjdh l=ulao@ foaYmd,kh hgm;a fkdfjkakg kï
lshk ;;a;ajh u; we;s fjk .egqu wms uQ,sl jYfhka wjOdkh fhduq l<
wmg ±lsh yelshs' fï .egqu 1950 .Kka kj ,snr,ajdoh lshk tl meyeÈ,sju hq;af;a fï f.da,SlrK l%shdj,shg'
j, isg È.gu ,xldfõ mej;=kd" tl w;lska wd¾Ól jev ms<sfj,la' tlla" m%Odk jYfhka kj,snr,a
l,flda,yd, mej;=kd' 1970 .Kka wfk;a w;ska th fï jk úg jdofha f.da,SlrK l%shdj,sh ;uhs wmsj
olajd f,dl= W;aiyhla f.k hkjd Ñka;lhska lreKq olajd we;s mߧ" foaYmd,ksl jYfhka wl¾ukH
jßka jr n,hg m;afjk rchka" isxy, iuia; iudchu;a" mqoa.,hka mqoa.,hka njg m;alrkafka" ;ks
nyq;r cd;sfha iy iq¿;r fou< iy jYfhkq;a" wmj w¨f;kau ilialrk mqoa.,hka jYfhka fj<`omf<a ;rÕ
uqia,su ckj¾. w;r Tjqkaf.a u;jd§" wdKavqlrKuh l;sldjla lsÍu i|yd udkjhka fhduqlsÍfï
m< m%fhdack iïnkaOfhka mj;sk lsh,d lshkak mq¿jka' kj ,snr,ajdoh' l%shdj,sh ;=<' b;ska fuh ch .ekSug
.egqï lsishï iu;=,s;Ndjhlg foaYmd,kh jYfhka wo f,dalfha úúO yels wdldrh ms<sn| flá W;a;rhla
f.fkkak' 1977ka miq iufha fuh W.% rdcH j, fmdÿ keUqrejla jYfhka fokjd kï lshkak ;sfhkafka zzwms
.egqulg hkjd' tys È.=jla f,i mj;sk oCIskdxYsl i¾jdêldÍ mqrjeis foaYmd,khla h,s
hqoaOhla we;sfj,d tu hqoaOfha md,khka ìyslsÍug ;=vq § ;sfnk nj f.dvkexùug wjYH heZhsZZ lshk tl'
m%;sm,hla yeáhg ;uhs 2005 j¾Ifha úoaj;=kaf.a u;hhs' uyck;dj kuq;a wmsg fmakjd fïl ys;k ;rï
uyskao rdcmCI frðuh n,hg foaYmd,kfhka wE;a fldg yqfola myiq l%shdj,shla fkfï" fï kj
m;ajkafka' tlsfkld iuÕ ;rÕ lrk ,snr,ajd§ ;;a;ajhka ;=<' fuys§ ;j
jHjidhlhka" m%d.aOk mqxchka njg jeo.;a ldrKhla i|yka l< hq;=hs'
b;ska os.a.eiaiqKq ckj¾. .egqfï m;alsÍfï l%shdj,shla ;=< tkï" kQ;k;ajh ;=< il%Sh mqrjeishka
m%;sm,hla jYfhka isxy, cd;sljd§ m%cd;ka;%jdoh we;=<;ska ì| ±óu" f.dvkeÕSug hqfrdamSh iïNjhkaf.ka
wdKavqjla n,hg m;afj,d Tjqka úiska Ldokhùfï jev ms<sfj,la l%shd;aul meñKs iy weußldj uq,a lr .;a;= iy
fou< ikakoaO lKavdhï u¾okh fj,d ;sfhkjd' ta ;=< mqrjeis ta l,dmfhka" msg;g;a me;sß,d .sh
lsÍu ;=< ,xldfõ iudcfha taldêldÍ l%shdldß;ajh nrm;, f,i wvmk udkj Ydia;% wOHdmkh l%shdj,sh" wo
md,khla ;yjqre fjkjd' fuh leálr fj,d ;sfhkjd' wms olskjd f,dalh ;¾ckhg ,lafj,d' udkj Ydia;%
lshkjdkï" ,xldfõ ckj¾. uq,a lr mqrdu w¨;a foaYmd,k mka;shla wOHdmkh mokï lrf.k weußldj
.;a cd;sljdÈ .egqfï m%;sM,hla f,i ìysfj,d Tjqka foaYmd,k n,h úfYAIfhkau uq,a jqKd fï ldrKhg'
wmg nrm;, f,i fjkjd ;ukaf.a w;g wrf.k ;sfhkafka' Tjqka ;uhs kQ;kfha wOHdmkh ;=<ska
m%cd;ka;%jdoh wysñfjkjd' th fuu foaYmd,k mka;sh f.da,SlrKh il%Sh mqrjeishka f.dvke.Su ms,sn|
ksIaÑ;ju isÿjkafka uyskao rdcmCI u; mokï jqKq tu wd¾Ólh yd .eg l%shdj,shla ±kqj;aj Èh;a lf<a'
frðuh hgf;a' Tjqkaf.a me;af;ka .eiqkq cd;Hka;r cd,hlg iïnkaO j¾;udk kj ,snr,ajd§ jHdmD;sh ;=<
ckjd¾.sl .egqu iy hqoaOh mka;shla' weußldj ;=< mjd wOHdmkh hkq"
fhdod.kakjd" ck;djg m%cd;ka;%jd§ ;jÿrg;a mqrjeishka ks¾udKh lsÍfï
whs;sjdislï wysñlsÍug' ta ;=< Tjqka foaYmd,k n,h w;g .ekSu ;=< ld¾hh i|yd fhduq jQjla fkdj" yqfola
meyeÈ,sj isÿ jQ fohla ;uhs mqrjeis m%cd;ka;%jdofha uQ,sl yrh jk fj<|mf<a /lshd lsÍu i|yd wjYH
foaYmd,kh miq neiSu' ,xldfõ fï zzck;dj úiska" ck;dj i|yd lrk mqyqKqj ,nd§fï jevms<sfj,lg
ms<sn| we;sjqK iudc úoHd;aul" ck;djf.aZZ md,khla l%shd;aul lsÍfï ,>q jQ fohla njg m;afj,d ;sfhkjd'
foaYmd,k idlÉPdfõ § fuh kï woyi ;j ÿrg;a l%shd;aul fjkafka
flrefka zzckjd¾.sl .eg¨j keye' ue;sjrK wjYH fj,d ;sfhkjd" ,xldj ;=< wOHdmkh kj
wêksYaphùuZZ lsh,d' 1983 cQ,s kdñl jYfhka wdKavq mj;ajdf.k ,snr,alrkhg hg;a lsÍfï l%shdj,sh
l,flda,yd, j,ska miafia ,xldfõ hkak' kuq;a ta yereKdu ck;djg pkaøsld nKavdrKdhl l=udr;=x.
jdudxYslhka fï woyi ms<s.;a;d' Tjqka ;ukaf.a u; m%ldY lrñka" ksfhdackh ckdêm;s iufha isg fï olajd
;uhs ta ms<sn| m%.;sYS,S úi÷ula lrñka fmdÿ hym; ms<sn| lghq;a;g l%shd;aul fjñka mej;s,d ;sfhkjd'
fjkqfjka fmkS isáfha' Tjqka fm<Uqkd ueÈy;aùfï yelshdj ;jÿrg;a fï tys m%;sM,hla jYfhka ,xldfõ rdcH
zckjd¾.sl .egqu úi£u m<uqj l< Bkshd m%cd;ka;%jdoh ;=< wms olskafka wxYfha wOHdmkh úYd, jYfhka
hq;=hs" m%cd;ka;%jdoh iy iudc" wd¾Òl keye' th isÿ lr,d ;sfnkafka kj ÿ¾j, lr,d' uQ,slju rdcH wxYfha
.eg¨" ms<sn| ldrkh fojk ;ekg hd ,snr,ajdoh úiska' iuia; iudchg wOHdmkh ;uhs" YsIHhka udkj Ydia;%
hq;=hsZ lsh,d" ke;skï zthg m%uqL;ajh .%yKh lr .eksu ;=< wfma wOHdmkhg fhduq lf<a' ud ys;kafka
fokak neyehsZ lshk ;ekg' ux m%cd;ka;%jd§ yrhka ñßld yer,d wms wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= jeo.;a
ys;kafka tys m%;sm,hla jYfhka mqrjeishka foaYmd,kfhka úfhda ldrkhla ;uhs wms m%cd;ka;%jdohg
rdcmCI frÔufha u¾okldÍ iy lr,d" m%cd;ka;%jdoh foaYmd,k h<s mqk¾Ôjkhla ,nd§ug kï" mqrjeis
iudÔh jYfhka widOdrK jev mka;sh w; yqÿ fuj,ula njg ,>q iudchla h<s f.dvke.Sug kï"
ms<sfj,g úreoaO wr.,h w;ayeßhd lr,d ;sfhkjd' cd;sjdohg tfrysj wms wduKa;%kh l<
tla;rd wjia:djl" ,xldfõ jdudxYsl" hq;=" kj ,snr,ajdohg tfrysùug uQ,sl
,snr,a m%.;sYS,S foaYmd,k jHdmdrh' cd;sjdoh" mqrjeis foaYmd,kh hgm;a Wmdh ud¾.hla jYfhka i|yka l<
tys m%;sm,hla jYfhka mqrjeis lsÍug fya;=jk njla fmkS hkjd' yels" mqrjeishka ìyslrk wOHdmkhla
foaYmd,kh oreKq úÈhg miq neiaid' cd;sjdoh blaujd .sh foaYmd,k iudcfha h<s mK.ekaùu wjYH
l%shdldß;ajhla fjkqfjka tnf.a jkjdh hkak'
,snr,ajdoh foaYmd,k jYfhka fhdackd ljf¾o@
cd;sjdoh fukau i¾jdêm;s md,hkag
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 45
» 33 msgqfjka''
uyd w¾nqofhka oYlhlg miq'''
lvdjeàu;a iuÕu uy Okm;s iud.ï
fírd.ekSu fjkqfjka jydu bÈßm;a úh'
ta tu w¾nqofhka jHikhg m;ajQ ck;dj
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f;drjh' 2008 Tlaf;daïn¾ 3 jk
úgu wfußldj Emergency Economic
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Khlr ñ<§ .ekSu i|yd rcfha nqo,a
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,nd§ we;s Kh m%udKh fvd,¾ á%,h s k
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uqo,lao 2018 f,dalfha rgj,a 193l ksl; = l a < Global Economic Prospects f.kajk NdKav ksIm a dokh l< hq;=
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fuu iud.ï fírd.ekSu fjkqfjka 2010 jif¾ yefrkag uE; ld,h ;=< ;Srenÿ fkdjk wdkhk md,k úêl%u
lrk ,o úhou ieuúgu jd¾;d lf<a fj<|dfï j¾Okh idfmalI a j my< ksidfjka f,dal mßudKj NdKav ñ<
tys ienE ;;a;j a h ck;djf.ka jikajk uÜgul mj;sk w;r 2012 - 2014 ld,h 15]lska by< f.dia ;sn‚ q ' 2012 jkúg
whqßks' 2011§ ñiQß úYajúoHd,fha wdpd¾h ;=< tys jd¾Isl j¾Okh mej;sfha 3'4]l 3]la muKla jQ f,dalfha mej;s ;Srenÿ
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S a m%udKh fuka
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tla w;lska Okm;s iud.ï fírd .ekSug .;jk úg f,dalfha o< foaYh S ksYma dÈ;h
^GDP& mej;sfha tu w¾nqoh we;s fkdjQfha ^03 m%i:
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;snQ iqnidOkhka lmamdÿ lrkakg úh' ;=<o m%uL q jkakg úh' 2013-15 ;=<
2008 isg fï olajd f.jqKq oYlh f,dj fï ish,a, fmkajd isákafka 2008
w¾nqohg miq ksIm a dokfha j¾Okh" o< flá ld, mßÉfþohlg fyda ì%;dkHh
mqrd ck;d iqNidOk oeä f,i lmamdÿ hqfrdamd yjq, ;=< isàug tfrysj
l< oYlhla úh' fï olajdu;a f,djmqrd foaYh S ksIm a dÈ;fha j¾Okh fukau /lshd
kshl q ; a hs j¾Okh jQfhao b;du fiñka fmkS isá UKIP mlaIfha keÕSu" 2016§
ck;dj 2008 wd¾Ól mßydksfha jkaÈ ì%;dkHh ;=< mej;s cku; úpdrKfhka
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wjmd; ld,h;a úiska f,dal Okm;s trg hqfrdamd yjqf,ka bj;aúh hq;h =
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miq.h s oYl lsym s h ;=< f.da,h S lrKh yd 2016 wfußldkq ckdêm;sjrKfhka
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Okm;s l%uh úiska ;nd ;snQ úYajdih ì| fvdk,aâ g%ïma ch.%yKh lsÍu" 2017 m%xY
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miq fndfyda rgj,a wdrlaIKjdoh flf¾ wfmalI a l
s d ueÍka f, fmka wjika jgh
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mej;s b;d,s uy ue;sjrKfha§ thg
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2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾

46
bj;alr .;af;ah' wka;¾cd;sl
wêlrKh yE,a¨jg ,la lf<ah'
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s hda.hla f,iska bÈßhg tkq we;'
mej;s NAFTA .súiquo Tyq wjika lrkq isg f,dal Okm;s l%uh .uka lf<a
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ù trgg tfrysj h<s;a iïndOl muqKj q kq fnfyúka wvqlr oud ;sn‚ q ' miq.h
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S uQ,H w¾nqofhka oYlhla
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lrk hlv yd we¨ñkshï i|yd o wod, we;af;a tys m%;ú s reoaOhhs' meñK we;s˜ njls' mSg¾ Ys*a ;jÿrg;a
flre‚' cQ,s uq, isg Ökfhka wdkhkh miq.h s iema;eïnrfha mej;s tlai;a
fufiao lshd ;snf q Ka zzlvd jeàug Èh
lrk - wdkhk jákdlu fvd,¾ ì,shk cd;Skf a .a uyd uKav, /iaùu wu;ñka
fkdyels ;rï úYd, f,i ie<flk
50la muK jk - Ndkav j¾. 800la fvdk,aâ g%ïma Rcqju lshd isáfha zwm
fjkqfjka 25]l ;Sre noaola mkjk ,o u;jdohla f,iska f.da,h S lrKh m%;Cs Iam
nexl= ^The too big to fail bank& fï
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wdkhkh lrkq ,nk wdkhk jákdlu .ksu˜q hkqfjks we;s w;r tajd wka ljrodg;a jvd
fvd,¾ ì,shk 200la muK jk ;j;a jeäfhka by< hk fmd<S wkqmd;sl
NdKav i|yd o wdkhk nÿ mkjkq ,eîh' ^04 m%i:
a drh n,kak& j,g;a wd¾Ól miqnEug;a ksrdjrKh
ù we;sZZ njhs' zzmiq.h s w¾nqofha isg
wfußldfõ fuu wdkhk nÿ mekùug g%ïma md,kh f.da,h S lrKh l%h
s d;aul jQ jvd;a ydkslr uQ,H yd
Ökh yd hqfrdamho m%;l s h
s% d olajk ,§' m%;Cs Iam lsÍfuka fkdkej;S f,dalh wdodhï m%;m s ;a;kS a fya;f = jka ó<Õ
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mekjQ ;Srenÿj,g tlg tl lsÍula wdldrhg taldnoaO lsÍu fjkqfjka l%h
s dldrlï tu w¾nqoh we;s lsÍug
f,iska cQks udifha isg hqfrdamh úiska msyg
s jq d we;s hka;K% lvd ì| oeóu fya;ù= u" tu w¾nqoh
wfußldfjka f.kajk hqfrda ì,shk fjkqfjkao fhduqj isà' Tyq fkafgda úiska ish¨fokd uú; lsÍu" Okm;s
2'8la muK jákd NdKav fjkqfjka kdhlhska nrm;, wmyiq;djhlg l%uh ovóud lr.ksñka uyd mßudK
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yd lekvdjo tjeksu mshjrhka .kq ysñlï ljqki a ,
s fhka wfußldj .e,ù hdu jeks lreKq w;ska th
,eîh' Ökho wfußldjg tlg tl
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
 47
Okm;s l%uhg l< yelafla jgfhka
jgh w¾nqo lrd .uka lsÍu;a ta ;=<
f,dal mßudKj w;s uy;a ck;djla
mSvkfhka mSvkhg m;alrñka
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wo jkúg we;s tlu úl,amh f,dal
mßudKj Okm;s l%uh fmr<d
oeóu fjkqfjka taldnoaO wr.,hla
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04 m%ia:drh

l,ska w¾nqohg iudklï oelaúh lr.ksñka we;s jQ kuqÿ bÈßfha

yels kuqÿ th fnfyúka fjkia yd tk w¾nqoh wfußldkq NdKavd.dr
jvd;a krl tlla jkq we;s nj;a neÿïlr w¾nqohla ueÈlr .ksñka , wd¾' m%Nd;a
2008 w¾nqoh Wlia Kh" by< .sh we;sjk nj;a Tyq jeä ÿrg;a lshd ,xldf,dal
fvd,rh yd my< .sh rka ñ, flakøa we;' foaYmd,k ls%hdOr

mqrjeis foaYmd,kh Yla;su;a lruq'

,dyq., m%dfoaYSh iNdjg whjeh fhdackd Ndr§u'

i udch yd iduhsl flakøa fha mqrjeis

iNd jevigyfka uÕfmkaùu hgf;a
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S
fhdackd ,nd§u ;=<k
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fhdackd ,ndfok ,§' .ekSug odhlùuh' fuu fhdackd j,sh jk fudKrd.," l¿;r hk Èia;l S% l
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lñgqj úiska tu fhdackd ,nd§u isÿlrk mßir iqrCIS;;djh" whd,fha hk foaYmd,k ksfhdað;hskg a yd n,OdÍkag
,§' tys wruqK mqrjeishka Pkaoh ±óu .jhskg a ;DK N+ñhla ,nd§u" È<s÷ ,nd§ug lghq;= lrk ,§'
Tíng hñka ;u m%dfoaYfha mj;sk .eg¨ iyk" ksjdi fhdackd l%u" c,dmjdykh"
úi|d.ekSu i|yd uyck ksfhdað;hkag ùÒ$uxudj;a" n,m%foaYfha wOHdmk , ilia lf<a ( ik;a m%kdkaÿ
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾
48

f,dal fld,Ksfha jy,a¨

wms wfma fkfjhs bkaÈhdfj¨'''' Ökakq oeka z*qâisáZ j, nvq .kakj¨''''
wms wfma fkfjhs weußldfj¨'''' ;ñ,akdvq tÜld tjqka f;dai lkj¨''''
wms wfma fkfjhs wms Öfkg¨'''' reishdfjka Wmfoafig iqoafod tkj¨''''
g%ïma" fudaÈ" ðka mska.a wfm kEoEfhd¨''''' ä.aß .ymq wfma tjqka oeka msláka¨''''
ksoyi iurK *q,a ñlaiska.a ¨
wms jy,a¨¿$$ wms ueÉ *slaiska.a ¨$$

mlsia:dkfhka oeka yd,a tkj¨'''' f.ak f.ak yeu tlgu fldñia hkj¨''''
bkaÈhdj f;d. msákau ¿Kq fokj¨'''' jy,d jy,d tA Tlafldu n%hsnß jev¨'''
lsß msá ál" Öia ng¾ Tiaá%hdfj¨'''' liagï tfl Wka f;uy,a ksfjia yeÿj¨''''
Ök rfgka nqre;= msáka f,an¾ia,d¨ ish,a, bïfmdag¾ia¨ - fkdÜ tlaiafmdg¾ia¨'''
rg;a hkj¨ remsh, my<gu hfkda
wms ráka lkj¨$$ oeka wd;,a¨$$

md,ï ál Öfka weú;a yo,d fokj¨''''

fldßhdfjka mdrj¨;a od,d fokj¨''''
isx.mamQrefj l=Kq f.dv wmsg fokj¨''''
b`ÿ,a lld wms i;=áka yskd fjkj¨''''
, ;s<sK w,yfldaka
cd;Hka;f¾ [email protected]
wms Èkd.;a;d¨$$

48 S A A D H A R A N A Y A
2018 fkdjeïn¾ - foieïn¾