AgriMetSoft

DMAP V2.0

The initial stage of the DMAP process involves "Input Data." During this step, you

are presented with two alternatives:

1- Importing data through Excel files.

You can bring in your data using an Excel file by utilizing the initial tab

(Fig1). Within this tab, there are two tasks you need to complete:

Fig1 – Input Data as Excel Files

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1-1. Input List of Stations

To populate the station list, you have the option to either manually

enter the information directly into the table or import the list from an

Excel, CSV, or text file. Initially, you'll need to specify the delimiter. If

you're working with a CSV or text file, specifying the delimiter is

necessary, but if you're using an Excel file, you can skip this step. Next,

proceed to click on the "Fill List by File" button. Next, proceed to choose

the file you intend to use, which will prompt a window to appear. Within

this window, you will need to identify the appropriate sheet if your file is

in Excel format. Use the provided combo boxes to select and allocate

column headers. It's essential to select at least the following headers:

Station Name, Latitude, and Longitude. Other headers pertain to the

specific index.

Should you wish to compute KBDI (Keetch-Byram Drought Index), it's

necessary to designate and input the FC (Field Capacity) values.

For those seeking to calculate PDSI (Palmer Drought Severity Index), you

will need to input SS, which signifies the available water capacity of the

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surface layer for each site (typically in mm, often around 25mm), and

AWC, indicating the available water capacity of the underlying layer for

each site (in mm).

There is a small converter if you want to convert the latitude and

longitude from UTM system.

It's important to be aware that in Excel, the typical practice involves

clearing the cell contents rather than deleting entire cells. For instance,

if you have a dataset with 10 rows of data, followed by 6 rows with

empty cells, Excel will interpret this as having missing data in those 6

rows. This could potentially trigger an error within the tool,

necessitating the removal of the empty rows as a corrective measure.

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Fig2 – List of Stations

1-2. Input Data (time series)

Within the initial tab of the main window, the station list will be

populated. On the right-hand side, you'll find seven tabs that allow

you to input various time series corresponding to your required

indices. Choose the tab that aligns with the specific variable you

require. As you input each variable, one or multiple indices will

become computable:

o Rainfall --> SPI, CZI, ZSI, EDI (if your data is daily), PN, DI, RAI, MCZI

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o Rainfall and Tave --> PDSI, PHDI, SPEI by T (culate PET by Tave)

o Rainfall and Tmax --> KBDI. Your data (Rainfall, Tmax) should be in

daily

o Rainfall and PET --> SPEI, PHDI, RDI, ARI, PDSI1

o PET and AET --> ETDI

o Soil Moisture --> SMDI

o Stream Flow --> SWSI, SDI

Fig3 – Input Data

Within each tab, proceed to pick your files and the corresponding

sheet (similar to Fig3). If the station names match the headers in the

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first rows, you can utilize the "Auto-Fill Col-Head" feature to

automatically select column headers. However, if the station names

differ, you will need to manually select the appropriate headers.

You should choose the time scale that corresponds to the time scale

of your data. For instance, if you opt for a daily time scale for

monthly data, you will encounter an error.

Please ensure that you choose the appropriate date format. The

recommended format is YYYY. It's important to note that if you are

using the Excel date format, which is in the "mm/dd/YYYY hh:mm:ss"

format, the tool does not support it. You can easily convert it by

using the YEAR function in Excel. For a visual guide on this process,

you can refer to this instructional video.

Depending on the variables you input, the drought index will become

operational.

2. Importing Data via the NetCDF data format.

Here you can input your data using the NetCDF file format. In the second

tab, begin by selecting your files by clicking the designated button. If

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you've already entered a list of stations in the first tab, you can utilize

this option (Use List of Stations fig 4) to extract data based on that list of

stations.

Fig4 – Input Data by NetCDF Files

Once you've chosen your files, the tool will automatically identify the

specifications of the NetCDF files, including variable names and the time

unit. It's important to review this information. If the tool doesn't

accurately identify the specifications or if they are missing, you can utilize

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the "View Database" button to inspect the file's contents. This will help

you identify the names of latitude/longitude variables and other relevant

items and enter them correctly.

In the Loading section, you have the option to select either a shapefile, a

rectangular region, or a list of stations for extraction. When should you

use the list of stations?

You should use the list of stations when:

✓ You have previously entered a list of stations in the first tab.

✓ You have extracted NetCDF data using a shapefile.

✓ You have extracted NetCDF data using a rectangular region.

When working with the CORDEX dataset, it's advisable to mark the "Is

CORDEX Data" checkbox.

Ensure that you populate the variable name textbox; failure to do so

results in errors with the tool.

If you wish to monitor the extraction progress, you can enable the "Use

Progress Bar" checkbox. However, if you're dealing with a substantial

amount of data, we recommend unchecking it to expedite the extraction

process.

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In the Unit Converter section, you must first identify the variable you've

extracted. Additionally, you can choose from various options to convert

the units of your data.

For instance, in the CMIP5&6 dataset, the precipitation variable 'pr' is

originally in units of Flux and should be converted to mm/day. Similarly,

in the CMIP5&6 dataset, the temperature is initially in Kelvin and should

be converted to degrees Celsius. Please be aware that a multiplication

factor of 1 or a plus/minus 0 signifies no conversion.

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Fig5 - Extract NetCDF Data

3- Calculation Drought Index

After inputting your data, certain indices will become active depending

on the variables you provide (refer to point 1.2). Additionally, you have

the option to create a new station called "Average" by averaging the

data from your existing stations. The "moving average" feature will be

available when working with monthly frequencies in SPI, CZI, CZI, and

ZSI.

On the right-hand side, you'll find a severity calculation section. It's

important to note that severity varies depending on the specific index

you're working with. For instance, different indices have distinct criteria

for identifying drought conditions. For example, some papers define

drought conditions as SPI values less than -0.99, while in KBDI, a drought

condition is indicated by values exceeding 200.

As a result, you'll need to conduct research on the specific index you're

using to determine the appropriate threshold values and direction

(whether it's "more than" or "less than") for calculating severity.

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In DMAP, you have the flexibility to input these threshold values and

select the appropriate sign (either "more than" or "less than") to tailor

the severity calculation according to the requirements of your chosen

index.

Additionally, you can generate various plots to monitor results for

individual stations or across all stations. These plots include Linear plots,

Column plots, and Box plots.

Furthermore, certain indices involve the calculation of Potential

Evapotranspiration (PET) as part of the process such as "SPEI bt T". You

can conveniently export all the variables by clicking the "Export" button

located in the top bar.

When calculating the Reference Drought Index (RDI), you have the

option to select a "standardized" checkbox if needed.

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Fig6 – Drought Index

After clicking the "Severity" button, a window will appear displaying a

table containing the start date of the drought, the duration of the drought

in days, and the magnitude of the drought. The unit of magnitude

matches the unit of your selected index. You can export both the table

data and the data used to generate the chart to Excel for further analysis.

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Fig7 – Drought Severity

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