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Efarm Project - User's Guide Version 2.0 Efarm-1.0

eFarm is an Open-source* project which goal is to develop a server software for handling private data sharing networks called « Peer-to-peer* » or P2P*. eFarm is currently developed by four computer sciences students and doesn’t have any external funding. It is developed in a scholar frame of its developers and with the help and the computers of their school. The eFarm project owns a website in which you can find all information about this project: http://www.efarm-project.net You’ll find there all the latest versions of eFarm in the « Downloads » section.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
75 views18 pages

Efarm Project - User's Guide Version 2.0 Efarm-1.0

eFarm is an Open-source* project which goal is to develop a server software for handling private data sharing networks called « Peer-to-peer* » or P2P*. eFarm is currently developed by four computer sciences students and doesn’t have any external funding. It is developed in a scholar frame of its developers and with the help and the computers of their school. The eFarm project owns a website in which you can find all information about this project: http://www.efarm-project.net You’ll find there all the latest versions of eFarm in the « Downloads » section.

Uploaded by

DeadMike
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

User’s Guide

Version 2.0
eFarm-1.0

Copyright (c) 2003-2004 www.efarm-project.net – User’s Guide


Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under
the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later
version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free
Documentation License".

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
1
Summary

1- What is eFarm and how to get it ?................................................................................3


2- General operating description .............................................. Erreur ! Signet non défini.
3- Supported systems..........................................................................................................5
4- Installation and Configuration of eFarm........................................................................6
5- eFarm’s configuration files .............................................................................................8
6- Running eFarm ..............................................................................................................10
7- Resolving common problems .......................................................................................11
8- Glossary..........................................................................................................................12
9- Appendages ...................................................................................................................13

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
2
1- What is eFarm and how to get it ?
eFarm is an Open-source* project which goal is to develop a server software for handling
private data sharing networks called « Peer-to-peer* » or P2P*.
eFarm is currently developed by four computer sciences students and doesn’t have any
external funding. It is developed in a scholar frame of its developers and with the help and the
computers of their school.

The eFarm project owns a website in which you can find all information about this
project:

http://www.efarm-project.net

You’ll find there all the latest versions of eFarm in the « Downloads » section.

2- General operating description


eFarm was designed for being able to handle other P2P network’s protocols, and for
making it possible, it was developed in two parts : the Core and the Modules.
The eFarm core is in charge of managing network connections. It reads and writes data
from/to the network.
The core is also in charge of managing the different modules selected by the server
administrator. A module is a secondary program loaded by the core which has to manage a
P2P network protocol.
So a module is neutral to the management of the network communication and is just in
charge of managing the protocol for which it was designed for. The core will be the one who
forwards or sends the network data bound for or from the module.
As a default, eFarm is provided with two modules.
The first one is an eDonkey* module which is able to do the server’s job for an
eDonkey/eMule* network.
The second one, the httpd module provides a webpage showing various information about
ed2k module.
The schema on the next page resumes the whole eFarm’s operating mode:

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
3
Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
4
3- Supported systems
eFarm-1.0 was tested to work on the following systems :

- Linux (RedHat, Debian, Gentoo)

eFarm-1.0 should work on other Unix systems which have integrated « pthread library»
but it wasn’t already tested.

We don’t warrant that eFarm-1.0 will run under other systems.

The minimal hardware configuration required for running eFarm, mainly depends on the
number of users which will be able to connect to the server. However, here are two examples
of hardware configuration for two servers with different numbers of connections:

- Server for 500 users :

Processor : 300 Mhz


RAM : 256 Mo

- Server for 10 000 users :

Processor : 1 Ghz
RAM : 512 Mo

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
5
4- Installation and Configuration of eFarm
a. On Unix/Linux systems
You first have to correctly install and configure your Unix or Linux system with all usual
development software (compilators, libraries, …). If you already did it, just use a shell under
a simple user account to do the installation.
The « root » user is necessary only if you configure eFarm for listening to connections on
a port lower than 1024 and if you do the installation in the default directory.

Then you must extract the tar.gz archive you downloaded on our site, to the directory of
your choice. For doing it, just type the following shell command lines :

$ tar -zxvf eFarm-1.0.tar.gz

These command lines will create a « eFarm-X.Y » directory where « X » and « Y » are
the numbers of the eFarm version. Enter this directory :

$ cd eFarm-y.x

Now you must run the configuration script of the installation program which will
automatically detect your system’s requirements :

$ ./configure

--enable-modhttpd or -–disable-moded2k are examples of the options for


the ./configure command. These ones mean that eFarm will be compiled without the
eDonkey module and with the Httpd module.
Then you should get such a statement :

eFarm 1.0

Configuration:
host support............. : yes i586-pc-linux-gnu
module ed2k compile...... : no
module example compile... : no
module httpd compile..... : yes
debug support............ : no

To get a more complete options list, type this command line :

$ ./configure –help

You will get the entire list of options.

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
6
When you’ve finished this step, you must compile eFarm for your system as follows :

$ make

When the eFarm’s compilation is finished, you must install it on your system with the
following command line :

$ make install

As a default, eFarm will be installed in these directories :

/usr/local/
/usr/local/lib/
/usr/local/bin/
/usr/local/conf/

If the directories don’t exist, they will be automatically created by the « make install »
command.

But you can define your own directory by bringing the --prefix=/YourFullPath
option to “./configure” .

$ ./configure -–prefix=/home/eFarm

If you aren’t connected as « root » user, you must specify the « --prefix » option to get no
errors when running the « make install » command.

So your system is now ready to run eFarm.

b. On Windows® systems
For all versions next to 0.2a, you must have installed the Unix environment for
Windows® known as Cygwin :

http://www.cygwin.com

When you did it, just see the last section (Unix/Linux) and follow the same steps for the
configuration and compilation.
The eFarm team doesn’t provide any executable (pre-compiled program or binary).

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
7
5- eFarm’s configuration files
The eFarm’s configuration is now divided into various parts.
The main configuration file is « efarm.conf ». Next, there is a configuration file for each
module, that are « mod_ed2k.conf » and « mod_httpd.conf ».
By default, those files are installed in /usr/local/conf/.

a. efarm.conf file
Here is the detailed description of the fields from the main efarm’s configuration file
« efarm.conf » :

IP= IP address of your server formatted as follows


« xx.xx.xx.xx » or 0 for using all IP addresses.

DAEMON= Variable which defines if the server will run in daemon


mode (in the background) or in normal mode.
Values : either 1 for daemon mode or 0 for normal mode.

USER= User account under which eFarm will be running. (eg:


nobody).

GROUP= Group under which eFarm will be running. (eg: nogroup)

IOBUFINCSIZE= Size in bytes of the increase/decrease of the


reading/writing buffer’s size for handling connections.

IOBUFSRSIZE= The received/sent data packets from the network, are cut
into slices of IOBUFSRSIZE bytes (very useful for
bandwith optimisations).

PID= Full path to the file where the eFarm’s process ID will
be stored.(eg: /var/run/efarm.pid).

LOGS= Full path to the file where the eFarm’s logs will be
stored.(eg: /var/log/efarm.log).

Each module has its own section.


The section begin with <Module name-of-module_module> and ends with
</Module>.

<Module ed2k_module>
path=/usr/local/lib/eFarm/ed2k.so
TCP_Port=4661
UDP_Port=4665
TCP_Threads=5
UDP_Thread=yes
LOGIN_Thread=yes
MAXCLIENTS=1000
KEEPALIVE=yes
</Module>

path Full path to the module.


TCP_Port Module’s TCP listening port.
UDP_Port Module’s UDP listening port.
TCP_Threads Number of threads allocated to the TCP connections
management.
UDP_Thread yes/no Activate or not the UDP management.
LOGIN_Thread yes/no Allocate or not a specific thread for the user’s
authentication step management.
Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
8
MAXCLIENTS Maximum number of simultaneous clients.
KEEPALIVE yes/no if we want the connection to remain open or not
after a request receipt.

<Module httpd_module>
path=/usr/local/lib/eFarm/httpd.so
TCP_Port=8080
TCP_Threads=1
LOGIN_Thread=no
MAXCLIENTS=10
KEEPALIVE=no
</Module>

path Full path to the module.


TCP_Port Module’s TCP listening port.
UDP_Port Useless for this module.
TCP_Threads The value of ‘1’ is easily sufficient.
UDP_Thread Useless for this module.
LOGIN_Thread Useless for this module.
MAXCLIENTS Maximum number of simultaneous clients.
KEEPALIVE yes/no if we want the connection to remain open or not
after a request receipt (should be ‘no’ for this module).

b. mod_ed2k.conf file
NAME= Name of the eDonkey server (sent to the client)

DESCRIPTION= Description of your server (configuration, bandwidth,


etc…)

LOGS= Full path to the module’s logs file.

WELCOME= Full path to the file containing the welcome message.

MAXSEARCH= Maximum number of answers to a search request.

MAXSHARED= Maximum of shared files by client.

COMMUNITY= Defines the community string which allows restricting


access to users whom login begins with this characters
string.

c. mod_httpd.conf file

NAME= Name of the server (it will be displayed on the webpage


returned by the module, preceded by « Welcome to »).

LOGS= Full path to the module’s logs file.

MAXSHARED= Maximum number of shared files to be displayed in the


list returned when there is an http request.

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
9
6- Running eFarm
For running eFarm under Unix/Linux, go to the directory where it was installed :

$ cd /yourpathtoeFarm/bin/

Then type the following command line :

$ ./eFarm

For getting some more information about the eFarm’s command line, type :

$ ./eFarm h

For running efarm, we suggest that you use the « screen » command because the server
has a text console.

Pour getting eFarm running again in the event of a crash, we suggest you use the
following shell script :
$ script.sh file
ulimit -n 100000
while :
do
./eFarm
sleep 1
done

Then run the script :


$ screen -d -m ./script.sh

To get back the control of the console :


$ screen –r

For more information about the « screen » command, you can go to the following
webpage :
http://www.gnu.org/software/screen/screen.html

Under Windows® you must go in the installation directory and double-click the eFarm’s
icon.

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
10
7- Resolving common problems
a. Permission denied
/bin/sh ../mkinstalldirs /usr/local/bin
/bin/sh ../libtool --mode=install /usr/bin/install -c eFarm /usr/local/bin/eFarm
/usr/bin/install -c eFarm /usr/local/bin/eFarm
/usr/bin/install: cannot remove `/usr/local/bin/eFarm': Permission denied
make[2]: *** [install-binPROGRAMS] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/eFarm-1.0/src'
make[1]: *** [install-am] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/eFarm-1.0/src'
make: *** [install-recursive] Error 1

You ran the make install command with the default « --prefix » without being root.
Solution run the « ./configure » again with a « --prefix » to a directory where you have
writing rights or run the make install command as root. To get your user account information
type the « id » command.

b. Group is invalid
<error> initialize.c L114 in switch_to_user_group(): the group specified is invalid

The specified group in the efarm.conf file doesn’t exist. Edit the configuration file and
change the user’s group.

c. eFarm doesn’t run


Look at the eFarm’s logs file contents « /tmp/efarm.log ». If you get the following message …

[eFarm] eFarm v1.0 starting ...


[eFarm] dlopen error: /usr/local/lib/eFarm/ed2k.so: cannot open shared object file: No such
file or directory

…it means that the path to the module is bad. Edit the configuration file and change the
path to the module.

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
11
8- Glossary
Peer-to-peer (P2P) : Name given to a new way of sharing files on Internet based on
interchange between two users and not anymore between a user and a
server.

Open source : Software’s development philosophy which goal is to grant access to the
source code to anyone in opposition with owner software.

eDonkey : Name given to a P2P network created by Jed McCaleb.

eMule : Opensourced client created by Merkur which is able to connect to the


eDonkey Network.

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
12
9- Appendages

a. GNU Free Documentation License

GNU Free Documentation License


Version 1.2, November 2002

Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.


59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

0. PREAMBLE

The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other


functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure
everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without
modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this
License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for
their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made
by others.

This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of


the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the
GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free
software.

We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program
should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software
does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used
for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is
published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for
works whose purpose is instruction or reference.

1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS

This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a world
wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that work under
the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, refers to any such
manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed
as "you". You accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the
work in a way requiring permission under copyright law.

A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the Document
or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or
translated into another language.

A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the


Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or
authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related
matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall
subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a
Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could
be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
13
matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political
position regarding them.

The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are
designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says
that the Document is released under this License. If a section does not
fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not allowed to be
designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections.
If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are
none.

The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, as
Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the
Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may be at most
5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.

A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,


represented in a format whose specification is available to the general
public, that is suitable for revising the document straightforwardly with
generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint
programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that
is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a
variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in
an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of markup,
has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by
readers is not Transparent. An image format is not Transparent if used for
any substantial amount of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called
"Opaque".

Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII


without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using
a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript
or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of transparent image
formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats include proprietary
formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors,
SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally
available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by
some word processors for output purposes only.

The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus
such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this
License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which
do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means the text near the
most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the beginning of
the body of the text.

A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose title
either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following text that
translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a specific
section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements", "Dedications",
"Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title" of such a section
when you modify the Document means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ"
according to this definition.

The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License, but
only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other implication that these
Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the meaning of
this License.

2. VERBATIM COPYING

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
14
You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially
or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and
the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are
reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever
to those of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct
or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or
distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies.
If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the
conditions in section 3.

You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you
may publicly display copies.

3. COPYING IN QUANTITY

If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the copies
in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-
Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover.
Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of
these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words
of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on
the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long
as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions,
can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.

If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly,
you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the
actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.

If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more


than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along
with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-
network location from which the general network-using public has access to
download using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent
copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the latter option,
you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of
Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain
thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the
last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or
retailers) of that edition to the public.

It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.

4. MODIFICATIONS

You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the
conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the
Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version
filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and
modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In
addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:

A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which
should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
15
Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the
original publisher of that version gives permission.
B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version,
together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document
(all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they
release you from this requirement.
C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified
Version, as the publisher.
D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to
the other copyright notices.
F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms
of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and
required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add to
it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher
of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no
section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one stating the
title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its
Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated
in the previous sentence.
J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for public
access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network
locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on.
These may be placed in the "History" section. You may omit a network
location for a work that was published at least four years before the
Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers
to gives permission.
K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", Preserve
the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the substance
and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications
given therein.
L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their
text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not
considered part of the section titles.
M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may not be
included in the Modified Version.
N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements" or to
conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.

If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices


that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the
Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as
invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections
in the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct
from any other section titles.

You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains nothing


but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties--for example,
statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an
organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.

You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a


passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover
Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements
made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for
the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same

Copyright © www.efarm-project.net
16
entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may
replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher
that added the old one.

The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give
permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply
endorsement of any Modified Version.

5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS

You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions,
provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections
of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as
Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice, and that
you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.

The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple
identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there
are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents,
make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in
parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section
if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section
titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the
combined work.

In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History" in the
various original documents, forming one section Entitled "History";
likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements", and any sections
Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections Entitled
"Endorsements".

6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS

You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the
collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim
copying of each of the documents in all other respects.

You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it
individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License
into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects
regarding verbatim copying of that document.

7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS

A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and


independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright resulting
from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the
compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. When the
Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not apply to the
other works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of
the Document.

If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of


the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of the entire
aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket
the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers

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if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must appear on
printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.

8. TRANSLATION

Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute


translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing
Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their
copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all
Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant
Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the
license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided
that you also include the original English version of this License and the
original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a
disagreement between the translation and the original version of this
License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.

If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", "Dedications",


or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its Title (section 1)
will typically require changing the actual title.

9. TERMINATION

You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as
expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy,
modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License
will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in
full compliance.

10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU
Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be
similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.

Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If


the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License
"or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the
terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later
version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software
Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this
License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the
Free Software Foundation.

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