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Mark Scheme (Results)

October 2021

Pearson Edexcel International Advanced Level

In Biology (WB13) Paper 01
Practical Skills in Biology I
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October 2021
Question Paper Log Number P67104A
Publications Code WBI13_01_2110_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2021
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General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the first
candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.

• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for what
they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.

• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their
perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.

• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be used
appropriately.

• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners should
always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark scheme.
Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the candidate’s response is
not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.

• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles by
which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited.

• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme to a
candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.

• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it with an
alternative response
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Using the Mark Scheme

Examiners should look for qualities to reward rather than faults to penalise. This does NOT
mean giving credit for incorrect or inadequate answers, but it does mean allowing candidates
to be rewarded for answers showing correct application of principles and knowledge.
Examiners should therefore read carefully and consider every response: even if it is not what
is expected it may be worthy of credit.

The mark scheme gives examiners:

• an idea of the types of response expected
• how individual marks are to be awarded
• the total mark for each question
• examples of responses that should NOT receive credit.

/ means that the responses are alternatives and either answer should receive full credit.

( ) means that a phrase/word is not essential for the award of the mark, but helps the
examiner to get the sense of the expected answer.
Phrases/words in bold indicate that the meaning of the phrase or the actual word is essential
to the answer. ecf/TE/cq (error carried forward) means that a wrong answer given in an earlier
part of a question is used correctly in answer to a later part of the same question.

Candidates must make their meaning clear to the examiner to gain the mark. Make sure that
the answer makes sense. Do not give credit for correct words/phrases which are put together
in a meaningless manner. Answers must be in the correct context.

Quality of Written Communication

Questions which involve the writing of continuous prose will expect candidates to:
• write legibly, with accurate use of spelling, grammar and punctuation in order to make the
meaning clear · select and use a form and style of writing appropriate to purpose and to
complex subject matter · organise information clearly and coherently, using specialist
vocabulary when appropriate.

Full marks will be awarded if the candidate has demonstrated the above abilities.
Questions where QWC is likely to be particularly important are indicated (QWC) in the
mark scheme, but this does not preclude others.
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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(a)(i) A description that includes the following points:

 addition of {biuret reagent / base and copper ignore heating

sulfate} (1) accept any spelling
which is close unless
it is different word
(eg burette)
ignore extra detail
unless contradictory

 purple colour (1) be generous on colour

(e.g. pink-purple,
lilac, mauve) 2

Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark

Number
1(a)(ii) A description that includes the following points:

 same mass of (food) sample (1) do not accept volume

of extract

 same volume of water (for extraction) (1) accept solvent

 control of another aspect of extraction method e.g. temperature /

(1) length of time of
extraction / type of
filter paper
do not accept
conditions for filtrate
storage. 3
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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark

Number
1(a)(iii) An explanation that includes the following points:

 A semi-quantitative test gives {an estimate / a Allow involves an

range} of the concentration of a substance (1) element of judgment
such as comparison /
subjective

 A quantitative test determines the exact Allow gives an eg

concentration of a substance (1) {absolute / precise /
specific / accurate /
valid} value / it is
objective
done using colorimeter 2

Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark

Number
1(a)(iv) An explanation that includes the following points:

 (the diagram shows that) a darker colour = accept reverse

more protein (1)

 the {solution / result} of a ({biuret / food}) test accept just result (of
is compared with (the tubes in) the diagram (1) test / experiment
etc.) compared
 therefore the concentration is estimated by
deciding which of the (known) protein solutions
in the diagram is closest to the (food test)
result (1) 2
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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(b)(i) An answer including the following steps : correct
answer
 protein in milk 505 x 6.38 = 3221.9 / 3222 (1) with no
working
 ratio = 20556  (3221.9 / 3222) = 6.4(:1) (1) gains 2
marks

Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark

Number
1(b)(ii)

 credit named example of an organic molecule

containing nitrogen 1
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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(a)(i) An explanation that includes the following points:

 because the same {light source / filter / size

cuvette} used for all measurements (1)

 because zeroing / calibrating (1)

 because objective measurement (1) described

 because no light lost / gained (1)

3

Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark

Number
2(a)(ii) An answer that includes the following points :

 temperature, use of thermostatically controlled accept room

water bath / incubator (1)

 pH, use of buffer (1) 2

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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark

Number
2(b)(i) Loss of betalain from beetroot
A table showing the following cells / a.u.
features:

 suitable table drawn (1) Concentration of with with calcium

salt / mmol dm‐3 ammonium chloride
 headings with units (1) sulfate
0.00000 0.30 0.30
 all data correctly entered 0.00025 0.46 0.29
(1) 0.00200 0.50 0.15
0.02000 0.47 0.02
Allow
0.00025 to 0.0003 second cell, first column 3
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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark

Number
2(b)(ii) An answer including of the following points :

Similarities

 both salts affect leakage (1) accept effect on

permeability

 in both, greatest effect is over a small initial

increase in salt concentration (1)

Differences

 calcium chloride causes {leakage / intensity of for calcium chloride

colour} to decrease, ammonium sulfate causes inverse,
{leakage / intensity of colour} to increase, for ammonium sulfate
(with increase in concentration) (1) direct relationship

accept higher / lower

loss for {Ammonium
Sulfate / Calcium
Chloride}
 a small initial change in ammonium sulfate
concentration causes a larger change in leakage
compared with a small initial change in calcium 3
chloride concentration (1)
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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark

Number
2(b)(iii) An answer including the following steps : allow ecf correct
answer
 figures read off graph for CaCl2 (A) and e.g. with no
(NH4)2SO4 (B), B-A = C (1) working
{0.48 / 0.49} - 0.09 = gains 2
{0.39 / 0.40} marks

accept anything
between 0.48 and
 C ÷ A × 100 = D (%) (1) 0.49

0.39 ÷ 0.09 = 433 /

433.3 / 433.33 (%)
0.40 ÷ 0.09 = 444 /
444.4 / 444.44 (%)

OR

0.39 ÷ 0.49 = 80 /
79.6 / 79.59% 2
0.40 ÷ 0.49 = 82 /
81.6 / 81.63%
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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(c)(i) An answer including the following points :

 with calcium chloride and ammonium sulfate

the {leakage / permeability / intensity of
colour} is more than with calcium chloride
alone (1)

 with ammonium sulfate, leakage increased

(compared with water) (1)

 {pattern is the same in both lines in second accept increasing

experiment / described} (1) calcium chloride
conc. leads to
decrease in intensity
of colour (etc) with or
without ammonium
sulfate

 at 0.010 mmol dm-3 calcium chloride alone accept correct figures

{leakage / intensity of colour} is {equal / only quoted
slightly different} to that with ammonium
sulfate with calcium chloride (1)

 calcium chloride can reverse the effects of

ammonium sulfate (on membranes) (1) 3
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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(c)(ii) An answer including the following points :

 repeat readings at 0.002 mmol dm-3 (1)

 under same conditions (each time) (1)

 calculate (mean and) standard deviation (1) accept error bar

accept ref to SD

accept perform t-test 3

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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(a)(i)
time taken for the film to become clear accept how long it
takes 1

Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark

Number
3(a)(ii) An description including the following points:

 carry out the experiment described at constant

{temperature / substrate / enzyme
concentration} (1)

 at a range of pHs (controlled by buffers) (1)

 choose the pH which gives a time which is not

{too short / too long} (for practicality) (1)
3
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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(b)(i) A graph with the following features: E.G.

0.005
 A axes correctly orientated (1)
0.004

1 / TIME / seconds‐1
 L axes correctly labelled and with 0.003
correct units (1) 0.002

 P correct plotting on a linear scale (1) 0.001

0
 R points joined with ruled straight line 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
(1) ENZYME CONCENTRATION (%)

0.005

proportional rate of reaction /

0.0045

0.004

seconds‐1
0.0035

0.003

0.0025

0.002

0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Protease concentration / %
4
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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(b)(ii) An answer including the following points:

 as enzyme concentration increases accept time taken

(proportional) rate of reaction also increases decreases
(1)

 as enzyme concentration increases there are

more {active sites / collisions / ES complexes
formed} (1)

 it levels off (1)

 because substrate becomes limiting (1) 4

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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark

Number
3(c)(i) An answer including the following points:

 {the rate of the reaction slows down / gelatine accept rate of

is used up (over time)} (1) reaction changes over
time

 so rates can be validly compared / compared

only if they are all initial rates (1) 2

Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark

Number
3(c)(ii) An answer including the following points:

 measure transparency of film over time (1) accept measure

intensity of colour of
liquid in which film
suspended

 plot transparency against time (1) accept plot of

whatever measured
for mp1 against time

 calculate (initial rate from) gradient of straight tangent

part of graph at the beginning (1) 3
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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark

Number
3(d) An answer including the following points:

 Dilution factor calculated (1) e.g. 5 ÷ 2= 2.5

accept C1V1 = C2V2
accept 4 stock to 6
water

 Volume of 5% solution and water stated (1) e.g. 1 cm3 of 5%

added to 1.5 cm3 of
water
0.4 cm3 of 5% to 0.6
cm3 water
2 cm3 to 3 cm3 of
water

correct answer with

no working gains 2
marks 2
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