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Work and Energy

Work is defined as the transfer of energy by means of exerting a force that causes displacement and can be calculated as work equals force times distance. Work and energy concepts are explained including gravitational potential energy which is the energy possessed by an object due to its gravitational attraction, kinetic energy which is the energy an object has due to its motion, and examples are provided to calculate work, gravitational potential energy, and kinetic energy. Homework problems are assigned from the textbook to reinforce these concepts.

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34 views6 pages

Work and Energy

Work is defined as the transfer of energy by means of exerting a force that causes displacement and can be calculated as work equals force times distance. Work and energy concepts are explained including gravitational potential energy which is the energy possessed by an object due to its gravitational attraction, kinetic energy which is the energy an object has due to its motion, and examples are provided to calculate work, gravitational potential energy, and kinetic energy. Homework problems are assigned from the textbook to reinforce these concepts.

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ThetMon Han
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WORK and ENERGY

Professor Dave - Work and Energy

What is work?
Work is defined as the transfer of energy by means of exerting a force that causes
displacement. You can define work as follows:

Work = Force x Distance

Work is the energy transferred to an object by a force that moves it a certain distance.

In equation form:

W=FΔdcosθ

Example 1: A sledge is pulled 4.0 m along a level surface by a horizontal force of


100.0 N. Determine the amount of work done by the force.
Example 2

The same crate as that in the previous example is now pulled 4.0 m along a level
surface by a force of 100.0 N exerted on a rope that makes an angle of 25° with the
direction of the horizontal displacement. Determine the amount of work done by the
force.
Negative Work
Sometimes, an object that is being displaced experiences a force in a direction
opposite to its direction of motion. The most common example of this is the force of
kinetic friction

Example 3 :The same crate that was being pulled 4.0 m along a level surface by a
horizontal force of 100.0 N also experiences a force of friction of 10.0 N. Determine
the

1. Amount of work done by the force of friction.


2. Total work done on the crate.

Zero Work :Zero displacement means that zero work is done


Energy

Professor Dave - Eg and Ek

Gravitational potential energy,

(Eg) The energy possessed by an object due to its gravitational attraction to another
object.

ΔEg =mgΔh
Where

m= mass of the object, in kilograms (kg)

g= gravitational field intensity, in newtons per kilogram (N/kg)

∆ℎ = height, in metres (m)

Kinetic energy,

(Ek) The energy an object has because of its motion.

Kinetic Energy
Equation

Ek= ½ mv2

Where:
Ek= kinetic energy measured in joules, in J

m= mass measured in kilograms, in kg

v= speed measured in metres per second, in m/s

Example : Example
A 45 kg skier gets onto a ski lift that brings her to a point 500.0 m above her starting
point. What is the skier’s gravitational potential energy relative to her starting point?
Example

A 45 kg skier is skiing down a hill with a speed of 10.0 m/s. What is the skier’s
kinetic energy?

Homework :
p.170 # 1-6 (Work)
p.176 # 1-10 (Ek)
p.181 # 1-7 (Eg)

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