OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF NURSING
WEEK 15: ONCO COURSE TASK- BREAST CANCER DETECTION
Alonzo Angelo F | BSN3 YI- 20 | NCMB312 | Sir Gerry
1. Summarize the guidelines for the early detection of breast cancer by developing a
teaching plan for breast self-examination for patients.
2. A 48-year-old man is married with two young children and has been newly diagnosed
with a metastatic spinal cord tumor. Identify appropriate nursing interventions to alleviate
the patient’s and family’s physiologic and emotional stressors.
ANSWERS:
- Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer in women. Breast exams, including
self-examination, professional examination, and mammograms, are the most common
types of diagnosis
- Breast-self-examination is a test in which a woman self-examines the breast for any
anomalies,and it continues to be a valuable method in identifying breast cancer early, as it
is most treatable.
Step 1
: Begin by looking at your breasts in the mirror with your shoulders
straight and your arms on your hips. Here's what you should look for:
Breasts that are their usual size, shape, and color Breasts that are evenly
shaped without visible distortion or swelling
If you see any of the following changes, bring them to your
doctor's attention: Dimpling, puckering, or bulging of the skin
A nipple that has changed position or an inverted nipple
(pushed inward instead of sticking out) Redness, soreness, rash, or
swelling
OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF NURSING
Step 2
: Now, raise your arms and look for the same
changes.
Step 3
: While you're at the mirror, look for any signs of fluid
coming out of one or both nipples (this could be a watery,
milky, or yellow fluid or blood).
Step 4
: Next, feel your breasts while lying down, using your right hand to feel
your left breast and then your left hand to feel your right breast. Use a
firm, smooth touch with the first few finger pads of your hand, keeping
the fingers flat and together. Use a circular motion, about the size of a
quarter.Cover the entire breast from top to bottom, side to side from your
collarbone to the top of your abdomen, and from your armpit to your
cleavage.Follow a pattern to be sure that you cover the whole breast. You
can begin at the nipple, moving in larger and larger circles until you reach
the outer edge of the breast. You can also move your fingers up and down
vertically, in rows, as if you were mowing a lawn. This up-and-down
approach seems to work best for most women. Be sure to feel all the
tissue from the front to the back of your breasts: for the skin and tissue
just beneath, use light pressure; use medium pressure for tissue in the
middle of your breasts; use firm pressure for the deep tissue in the back.
When you've reached the deep tissue, you should be able to feel down to
your ribcage
Step 5: Finally, feel your breasts while you are standing or
sitting. Many women find that the easiest way to feel their
breasts is when their skin is wet and slippery, so they like to
do this step in the shower. Cover your entire breast, using the same hand
movement
For a client who has been diagnosed with a tumor, always remember that this comes with a big
deal of stress that also extends to the family. Here are some interventions that we can do to
alleviate the physiological, psychological and emotional stress of the patient and his family:
● Use analgesics if needed to ease pain and provide physiological relief.
OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF NURSING
● Encourage the patient to engage in sports and to do normal, moderate workouts to
increase muscle and motor control and reduce the chance of paralysis.
● Encourage people to practice vowel and bladder patterns in order to solve the challenges
that come with it.
● Give the patient psychological support.
● Provide health teaching to the wife about the disorder so that she may comfort her
spouse through tough periods.
● Introduce them to neighborhood programs.
● Inform them of the existence of fund-supporting programs to help them overcome
financial difficulties.
● Introduce them to online forums where they can interact with health care providers and
patients and express their thoughts and needs, and can provide them with some social
help
