Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ YslaIdmo

21

lf;da,sl m%cdj foaj jpkh ;=< ksis udj;l .uka lrùug wjYH miqìu ieliSu
Y=oaO jQ iNd kdhlhkaf.a mru hq;=lu yd j.lSu fõ' tu j.lSu l%shd;aul lrkq
ms‚i iNd kdhlhska úiska hï hï kS;s Í;s ilia fldg ;sfí' Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ
YslaIdmo my tys m%Odk ;ek .kshs' ;j ÿrg;a Y=oaO jQ iNd úkh yd fiiq ldrKd
ms<sn| j o kS;s Í;s —iNd kS;s ix.%yh˜ ;=< we;=<;a fõ' foaj orejka f,i Ôj;aùug
foaj mk;a" Y=oaO iNdfõ kS;s yd YslaIdmo u. fmkajhs' Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ YslaId mo
5ls(
1' breÈk;a Kh ux.,H Èk;a uq¿ ÈjH mQcd hd.hg iyNd.S ùu
2' jirlg jrlaj;a mdfmdaÉpdrKh lsÍu
3' mdial= iuh ;=< ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,eîu
4' kshu jQ Èkhkays f.dvuia je<elSu iy tlajre YS, /lSu
5' Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ kv;a;=j i|yd wdOdr lsÍu

1' breÈk;a Kh ux.,H Èk;a uq¿ ÈjH mQcd hd.hg iyNd.S ùu

foaj ck;djla jYfhka foúhka jykafiag wm mqok hd.h ÈjH mQcdj hs' fï
lghq;a; mQcdm%idÈ;=ukaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka flfrk kuq;a uq¿ foaj ck;dj u thg
yjq,a fj;s' fï ksid ÈjH mQcdj wjia:dfõ § w,a,dm¡i,a,dm fodvñka o Wiq¿ úiq¿
lrñka o jgmsg n,ñka o fjk;a l,amkdjkays fh§ isáñka o ÈjH mQcd hd.hg
iyNd.S ùu ÈjH mQcdfõ mrud¾: W,a,x>kh lsÍuls' tfia lrk Woúh wfkla
whf.a Y%oaOdjg o ndOd lrk fyhska tAjdhska je<lsh hq;= h'

breÈfkl ÈjH mQcdjg iyNd.s ùfï Kh hqla;sh fikiqrdod ikaOHdfõ meje;afjk

bre Èk ÈjH mQcdjlg iyNd.S ùfuka bgq l< yels h' tfy;a Tfí foajia:dkfha
breÈk ÈjH mQcdj meje;afjk úg Tfí myiqj i|yd mqreoaola f,i fikiqrdod
thg iyNd.S jkjdg jvd breÈk thg iyNd.S ùu jvd;a w¾:dkaú; h'

.s,ka j isàu" <Õ md;l ÈjH mQcdjla fkd;sîu" w;HjYH fiajdjkays fh§ isàu wd§
úfYaI lreKq we;s ;ek tu Kh hqla;sh n,mdkafka ke;' tfy;a tjeks wjia:djkays
iqÿiq whqßka hdÉ[d fufyhlg iyNd.S ùug fyda fm!oa.,sl j hdÉ[d lsÍug
fyda W;aidy l< hq;= h' breÈk Kh hqla;sh ;uka fj; mejfrk nrla ieáhg
fkdi,ld th jvd;a ;u ohdnr foú÷ka fj; lD;{;dj;a m%;sfm%auh;a ±laùfï
l%shdjla ieáhg ie,lsh hq;= h' Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ kshuhla ke;;a i;sfha Èkj, ÈjH

104 fkdñf,a fnÞyeÍu i|yd h'

mQcd hd.hg ks;r iyNd.S ùu isß;la lr .; yels h' tu.ska ;u Èúhg ,efnk
wd;añl fmdaIKh M,Þhl h'
fuu YslaIdmofhka wfmalaId lrk ;j;a lreKla jkafka —uq¿˜ ÈjH mQcd hd.hg u
fyj;a ÈjH mQcdfõ wdrïNl .S;sldfõ isg wjidk .S;sldj olajd u iyNd.s ùu hs'
tA wkqj fkdje<elaúh yels fya;=jla ksid boysg ÈjH mQcdjg mud jqj o ÈjH mQcd-
jg mud ùu mqreoaola lr fkd.; hq;=jd fuka u ÈjH mQcdj w;r;=r foajia:dkfhka
neyer ùu o fkdl< hq;= h' tfuka u ÈjH mQcdjg fmr yd miq iaj,am fudfyd;la
ksYaYío j hdÉ[d lsÍu o jeo.;a fõ' ÈjH mQcdjg fmr fm!oa.,sl hdÉ[d ;=<ska
,nd .kakd udkisl tald.%;dj ÈjH mQcdjg Nla;sfhka iyNd.s ùug ufydamldÍ
fõ'

2' jirlg jrlaj;a mdfmdaÉpdrKh lsÍu

fyd|¡krl ms<sn| jegySula we;s ish¨ wh fj; fuu YslaIdmoh wÞ< h' idudkHfhka
jhi wjqreÿ y;la .; jQ úg mdfmdaÉpdrKh fyj;a iu.s ikaOdkfha foaj m%ido
ksOdkh ,nd .ekSu i|yd <uhs iQodkï lrkq ,efnhs' urŒh mdmhla isÿ jQ ú.i
iu.s ikaOdkfha foaj m%ido ksOdkh ,eìh hq;= fjhs' urŒh mdmhla ke;;a
jirlg jrlaj;a ;udf.a mdmj,g ludj ,nd .ekSu i|yd mdfmdaÉpdrKh lsÍug
fuhska kshu jkafka h' iq¿ mdmj, § mjd mdfmdaÉpdrKh lsÍu ;=<ska mõ iudj
yd mdmhkaf.ka je<lS isàug jrm%ido ,efí' tu ksid mdial=j" foajia:dkfha
ux.,Hh iy k;a;,g iQodkï ùula f,i mdfmdaÉpdrKh lsÍu WÑ; h' túg tu
ux.f,da;aij,g ;j;a jrm%id§h ;;a;ajhlska iyNd.S ùug yels fõ'

3' mdial= iuh ;=< ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia j ,eîu

uOH ld,Sk hq.fha Ôj;a jQ lf;da,slfhda ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia j ,nd .ekSug
ìh jQy' tu ksid fuu YslaIdmoh ;snqK;a wo wmg Y=oaO jQ iNd ud;dj W.kajkafka
ieu ÈjH hd.hl § u ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,eîug h' wm iyNd.S jk ÈjH mQcd
hd.h iïmQ¾K ùug kï ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,eìh hq;= h'

4' kshu jQ Èkhkays f.dvuia je<elSu iy tlajre YS, /lSu

l%sia;shdks weoys,a, yd úYajdih ;=< yeisfrk ls;=kqjd flfrys n,mdk Kh

hq;=lula f,i ksrdydr YS,h we;=¿ f.dvuia wkqNjfhka je<lS isàu ±laúh yels
h'

fkdñf,a fnÞyeÍu i|yd h' 105

f.dvuia je<lSu

f.dvuia je<lSu hkafkka woyia lrkafka kshufldg we;s Èkhkays § f.dvìu

Ôj;a jk i;=kaf.a uia wkqNjfhka je<elS isàu h' tu Èk jkafka¦
²² w¿ nodod
²² uy isl=rdod
²² wjqreoafoa iEu isl=rdÞ h'
tfy;a ux.f,da;aijhla isl=rdod Èkhl fhÿk úg fuu Kh hqla;sh wÞ< fkdfõ'
WÞyrK(¡ k;a;, isl=rdÞ Èkhl fh§u

tlajre YS,h

tlajre YS,h hkq Èklg tla iïmQ¾K wdydr fõ,la muKla wkqNj fldg" b;sß
fofõ, wdydr fkdf.k isàu fyda iq¿ wdydrhla .ekSu hs' tlajre YS,fha mrud¾:
lsysmhls¦
1' ;ukaf.a mdmj,g jkaÈ f.ùu
2' wd;au oukh mqyqKq lsÍu
3' ksrdydr j Èk y;<syla Wmjdi l< l%sia;=ka jykafia wkq.ukh lsÍu'

tlajre YS,fha § ;uka fkdf.k b;sß lrk wdydr fõ, ÿ.S ÿmam;alu ksid
l=i.skafka isák wfhl=g oka fok f,i Y=oaO jQ iNd ud;dj wmg W.kajkakS h'
tneúka oka§u tlajre YS,h /lSfï m%Odk mrud¾:hls' jhi wjqreÿ 18¡60 w;r
whg fuu YslaIdmoh n,meje;afjk w;r frda.S yd jhia.; jQjka fuhska ksoyia
h' tfy;a wka whg o iafõÉPdfjka tlajre YS,h /lsh yels h' wjqreÿ 18¡60;a w;r
whg w¿ nÞÞ yd uy isl=rdÞ Èk tlajre YS,h /lSug kshu fõ' tfy;a fjk;a
Èkj, o iafõÉPdfjka tlajre YS,h /lSug yelshdj we;'

5' Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ kv;a;=j i|yd wdOdr lsÍu

´kE u wdh;khl fyda ixúOdkhl meje;au rÞ mj;skafka tys idudðlhka

;ukag yels whqßka lrkq ,nk mß;Hd. u; h' Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ meje;au i|yd
;ukag yels wdldrhg mß;Hd. lrk f,i tys idudðlhkag fuu YslaId mofhka
kshu flfrhs' foajia:dkfha yd tys fiajh lrk whf.a kv;a;=j i|yd;a óiu
;=< mj;akd úúO ohd fiajd lghq;= i|yd;a fuu mß;Hd. fhdojhs'

106 fkdñf,a fnÞyeÍu i|yd h'

 l%shdldrlu
1' Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ YslaIdmo my kï lrkak'
2' ÈjH mQcdjg iyNd.s ù ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia fkd,nk Tfí ñ;=rl=g
ÈjH i;am%ido fNdackfha jeo.;alu fmkaùug bÈßm;a lrk lreKq
myla ,shkak'
3' —Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ YslaIdmo ms<sme§u ;=<ska o ls;=kq Èúh w¾:j;a lr
.; yels h˜ hk ud;Dldj hgf;a Nla;s m%fndaOkh iÕrdjg jpk
100l muK ,smshla ,shkak'

Ôú;hg ì|la
³³ foajia:dkfha kv;a;=jg wdOdr lruq'
³³ kshñ; Èkhkays § f.dvuia lEfuka j<lsuq'
³³ m,a,sfha ux.,Hhg fmr mdfmdaÉpdrKh lruq'

fkdñf,a fnÞyeÍu i|yd h' 107