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Safety of machinery Ð |
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Integral lighting of |
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ICS 13.110; 91.160.10 |
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NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW
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BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009

National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of

EN 1837:1999+A1:2009. It supersedes BS EN 1837:1999 which is
withdrawn.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is
indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text
carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by
CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !".
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
Committee CPL/34/10, Light and lighting.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained
on request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary
provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct
application.
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity
from legal obligations.

This British Standard, having Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

been prepared under the
direction of the Electrotechnical
Sector Committee, was published Date Comments
under the authority of the
Standards Committee and comes
into effect on 15 December 1999 31 March 2010 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2009

© BSI 2010

ISBN 978 0 580 63007 1

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1837:1999+A1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM September 2009

ICS 13.110; 91.160.10 Supersedes EN 1837:1999

English Version

Safety of machinery - Integral lighting of machines

Sécurité des machines - Eclairage intégré aux machines Sicherheit von Maschinen - Maschinenintegrierte
Beleuchtung

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 January 1999 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 30 July 2009.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1837:1999+A1:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

Contents Page

Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................3
Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................4
1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................4
2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................4
3 !Terms and definitions"
" .................................................................................................................5
4 Lighting requirements ...........................................................................................................................5
5 Lighting equipment and installation ....................................................................................................6
6 Verification procedures .........................................................................................................................7
7 Information for use ................................................................................................................................8
Annex A (informative) Examples .......................................................................................................................9
Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC"
" ...................................................................................... 13
Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"
" .................................................................................. 14
!Bibliography"
" .......................................................................................................................................... 15

2
 BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

Foreword
This document (EN 1837:1999+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 169 "Light and
lighting", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by March 2010.

This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2009-07-30.

The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

!For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this
document."

!This European Standard is a type B standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and
the extent to which hazards are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard."

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

3
BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

Introduction
To illuminate visual tasks within and/or at machines integral lighting systems (built in or at machines) can be
required. These integral lighting systems require special characteristics that allow both safe use and efficient
performance of the visual task by the operator during operation and service.

1 Scope
This standard specifies the parameters of integral lighting systems designed to provide illumination in and/or
at both stationary and mobile machines to enable the safe use of the machine and the efficient performance of
the visual task within and/or at the machine to be carried out.

This standard does not specify lighting systems mounted on the machine to specifically illuminate visual tasks
outside the machine. The function and requirements of these systems are specified in the European Standard
dealing with the lighting of work places. This European Standard is under preparation.

This standard does not establish additional requirements for the operation of lighting systems

 in severe conditions (extreme environmental conditions such as freezer applications, high temperatures,
etc.);

 subject to special rules (e.g. explosive atmospheres);

 where the transmittance is reduced by environmental conditions, such as smoke, splashing, etc.

2 Normative references
!The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the last edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies."

!deleted text"

!deleted text"

!EN 1838, Lighting applications – Emergency lighting"

!deleted text"

!EN 12464-1:2002, Light and lighting - Lighting of work places – Part 1: Indoor work places

EN 12464-2, Light and lighting – Lighting of work places – Part 2: Outdoor work places"

!EN 12665:2002, Light and lighting – Basic terms and criteria for specifying lighting requirements"

!EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery – Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003)

EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery – Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 2: Technical
principles (ISO 12100-2:2003)"

4
 BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

3 !Terms and definitions"

"
!For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12464-1:2002 and EN
12665:2002 together with the following apply."

3.1
machinery (machine)
An assembly of linked parts or components, at least one of which moves, with the appropriate machine
actuators, control and power circuits, etc., joined together for a specific application, in particular for the
processing, treatment, moving or packaging of a material.

The term "machinery" also covers an assembly of machines which, in order to achieve one and the same end,
are arranged and controlled so that they function as an integral whole. ![EN ISO 12100-1:2003]"

3.2
integral lighting system (of a machine)
a lighting system consisting of lamp(s), luminaire(s) and associated mechanical and electrical control devices
which forms a permanent part of the machine, designed to provide illumination in and/or at the machine

!3.3
intended use of a machine
use of a machine in accordance with the information provided in the user information (see EN ISO
12100-1:2003, 3.22)"

4 Lighting requirements

4.1 General

When arranging the lighting for machines, ergonomic and lighting-engineering principles shall be taken into
account.

The visual tasks to be carried out in and/or at the machine vary in size, contrast, position and speed of
movement. Thus for adequate vision, the exact lighting condition required shall be determined from detailed
task analysis.

!The lighting requirements specified in this European Standard are based on average difficulty of visual
tasks, found in the work space during intended use of the machine (normal operation, abnormal operation,
servicing).

For specific tasks, reference shall be made to the relevant standards on work place lighting (EN 12464-1 and
EN 12464-2)."

4.2 Illuminance

The required illuminance depends upon the visual task and shall be sufficiently high and uniform as to enable
a safe and comfortable perception of the details of the visual task.

!In general a maintained illuminance of at least 500 lx with a minimum uniformity of 0,7 on the task area
shall be provided. If there is more than one task area in/or at a machine (e.g. in/or at large machines), each
task area shall be considered separately. The immediate surrounding areas shall have a maintained
illuminance of at least 300 lx with a uniformity of at least 0,3."

Where a visual aid or protective visor is required for use with the machine, the illuminance shall be multiplied
by the reciprocal value of the transmitttance of this device. Where the transmittance is unknown the
illuminance shall be increased by at least 50 %.

5
BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

In control cabins or where processes are affected by light, the above illuminance may be reduced.

!NOTE Lighting controls can be helpful for increasing and reducing the illuminance level, e.g. by dimming or switching
or by mechanical adjustment."

4.3 Glare

The integral lighting system shall avoid direct glare both to the machine operator and other workers in
adjacent areas. Any reflected glare shall be avoided as far as possible.

NOTE It is possible to achieve this by suitable shielding of the lamp(s), by location and direction of the luminaire(s),
and by the use of light, matt surface finishes.

4.4 Directionality

The lighting system shall be designed and adjusted to avoid disturbing shadows on the visual task.

The directionality of the lighting shall ensure a perception of form which is appropriate for the visual task.

4.5 Colour quality

The colour rendering properties and colour appearance of the lamp(s) shall be suitable for colour
discrimination of the visual task and for operator comfort.

4.6 Stroboscopic effect

The lighting system shall be designed to avoid stroboscopic effects which can lead to dangerous situations by
changing the perceived motion of rotating or reciprocating machinery.

NOTE This can usually be achieved for example by use of DC electrical supply for incandescent lamps, or by
operating incandescent or discharge lamps at high frequencies (around 30 kHz).

4.7 Ergonomic principles

Ergonomic principles shall be taken into consideration for integral lighting systems of a machine e.g.

 adjustable luminaires shall be stable in their position, but easy to move if necessary, particularly if
changing from seating to standing position;

 actuators shall be adequate for the intended use.

4.8 Emergency lighting

Emergency lighting shall be provided in large machines that may be operational at times when the supply to
the normal lighting of the machinery has failed (see EN 1838)."

5 Lighting equipment and installation

5.1 Lamps

Lamps shall be chosen to be safe in operation and not present a hazard to the machine operator.

6
 BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

NOTE It is advisable that in general lamps are enclosed to protect the operator from injury caused by e.g. damaged
lamps, excessive heat or emission of harmful radiation.

5.2 Luminaires

Luminaires shall be designed to:

a) provide the required lighting on the task,

b) minimize the accumulation of dirt on lamps and optical surfaces,

c) minimize premature ageing of optical elements,

d) !facilitate ease of service, particularly ease of cleaning,"

e) comply with EN 60598,

f) be compatible with the machine, for example withstand vibration, radiation, etc.

!NOTE 1 Safety requirements for luminaires are provided in other standards, particularly in EN 60598-1.

NOTE 2 Some additional requirements of luminaires can be found in other standards (e. g. for protection classes in EN
60529)."

5.3 Installation

Luminaires shall be mounted in such a way as to:

a) provide the required lighting on the task;

b) avoid interference with the task and hazard to the operator;

c) minimize the accumulation of dirt on lamp(s) and luminaire(s);

d) facilitate ease of service.

Examples showing the principles of some possible solutions are given in the informative Annex A.

5.4 Availability of illumination

Where failure of the integral lighting system of the machine can give rise to dangerous conditions the lighting
system shall consist of more than one light source. One of these sources shall be supplied from an alternative
electrical supply.

5.5 Electrical supply

The lighting system shall be connected to the electrical supply so that it is capable of operation even when the
machine is switched off.

6 Verification procedures
The manufacturer of the machine with integral lighting shall:

a) measure the illuminance and check the uniformity ( E min / E ) in the task area and the immediate
surroundings.

7
BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

Illuminance should be measured with an illuminance-meter having a cosine and V (λ) corrected photocell,

b) check by visual inspection that glare control, directionality, colour properties and stroboscopic controls are
satisfactory,

c) provide a test report of the lighting system,

!NOTE The test report should include all relevant data, e. g.:

- average illuminances in the task area(s) and in the immediate surrounding area(s) and the uniformities of the
illuminances in these areas;
- the positions of the luminaires in or at the machine;
- confirmation that there is no disturbing glare under intended use conditions;
- confirmation that there is no flicker and no stroboscopic effects under intended use conditions;
- description of the intended use conditions."

d) supply a testing and maintenance schedule.

!The performance of the lighting system shall be checked regularly, at least once a year, in accordance with
6 d) and appropriate action shall be taken.

The lighting system shall be cleaned and maintained as given in the machine's maintenance schedule in
accordance with 6 d)."

7 Information for use

The performance of the lighting system shall be checked regularly, at least once a year, in accordance with
6 d) and appropriate action shall be taken.

The lighting system shall be cleaned and maintained as given in the machine's maintenance schedule in
accordance with 6 d).

8
 BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

Annex A
(informative)

Examples

Figure A.1 — Drilling machine with glare-free lighting from one side

Figure A.2 — Drilling machine with unscreened luminous strip, causing glare

9
BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

Figure A.3 — Grinding machine with glare-free lighting from one side. Careful positioning prevents
excessive soiling of the luminaire

Figure A.4 — Grinding machine with lighting from one side. The luminaire is exposed to excessive
soiling

Figure A.5 — Lathe with fluorescent lamp in a screened luminaire. An easy-to-clean protective tube
prevents the lamp from being soiled or broken

10
 BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

Figure A.6 — Lathe with narrow beam luminaire that cannot be adjusted and does not illuminate the
whole task area

11
BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

!deleted text"

12
 BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

Annex ZA
(informative)

!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential

Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC

This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association to provide one means of conforming to Essential Requirements of
the New Approach Directive for Machinery 98/37/EC amended by Directive 98/79/EC.

Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been
implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of
this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the
corresponding Essential Requirements – 1.1.4 of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations.

WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within
the scope of this standard."

13
BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

Annex ZB
(informative)

!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential

Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC

This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association to provide one means of conforming to Essential Requirements of
the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery.

Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been
implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of
this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the
corresponding Essential Requirements – 1.1.4 of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations.

WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within
the scope of this standard."

14
 BS EN 1837:1999+A1:2009
EN 1837:1999+A1:2009 (E)

!Bibliography

[1] ISO/CIE 8995-1:2002, Lighting of work places - Part 1: Indoor

[2] CIE Publication No. 29.2, Guide on Interior Lighting

[3] CIE Publication No. 69, Methods of characterising illuminance meters and luminance meters:
performance, characteristics and specification

[4] CIE Publication No 97/2:2006, “Maintenance of indoor electric lighting systems”

[5] 2006/42/EC, Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 17 May 2006 on
machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)

[6] EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989)

[7] EN 60598-1, Luminaires – Part 1: General requirements and tests (IEC 60598-1, modified)"

15
BS EN
1837:1999
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