Integrated Water and Sanitation Safety Planning

The Web-Based National Tool for Water Cycle Safety Planning

Jarkko Rapala
Ministry of Social Affairs and Health
FINLAND
Holistic Approach for the Water Cycle:
from source through tap and back

SSP
SEWERAGE AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT

BWSP
Protection Water Construction,
Land Use, Renovation,
Planning of Water Treatment,
Sources Delivery Building
Maintenance

WATER ABSTRACTION AND SUPPLY

WSP
Tools of the WSP Software

 Hazard identification tool

- 38 process steps
- 881 predefined hazardous events and hazard combinations
 Risk management tool
- Examples of control measures and management
- Health risk assessment tool
 Auditing tool
 Model documents

 The same software used for the SSP

- Management of risks for health and environment
Compilation of the flow chart
1. Choose the process point

2. Drag & drop to create

the flow chart of your waterworks

‹#›
 Question to identify the hazard:
Are there sewage pumping stations
in the catchment area?

Explanation of the
hazardous event

Consequence Probability Risk (Low, M1-3, H1-4)

Hazard
 Select predefined control measure
- drag and drop
Or write own control measure
Control measure 1
in use (green)

Control measure 2
not in use (brown)
 340 predifined questions to identify
hazards and control measures

Connection point Sewage lorry

Sewerage Noise A
Other well structures
Odor r
contract
emission e
parties Sewage station a
External sludge or
organic fractions o
Odor f
Odor
Sewer Inflow Wastewater Effluent Effluent
system structure treatment plant structures point I
n
f
Pumping Odor
Odor Odor l
stations Sludge Biogas u
treatment treatment
e
Overflow Overflow n
structure point External c
sludge or e
Gas utilization
organic waste

Support function: operation premises, automation, electricity,

compressed air, tap water, sampling, working methods,
professional skills, communications, data security, management etc
Output reports of WSP and SSP

 Created automatically from risk management tool

 Improvment Plan
 Monitoring Plan

 By tagging the risk

 Identification of interfaces between emergency and contingency
planning
 Identification of interfaces between WSP and SSP

 Auditing template
 Interfaces with Emergency/Contingency Planning
 Fail in control measures defined in WSP/SSP → emergency situation

Relevant Parties, Water Supplier Buildings

including the authorities

Sustainable use of Security of the

natural resources, Risk management in water supply installations, including
COLLABORATION

COLLABORATION
Protection of the water abstraction and supply chain materials
sources
Nature protection areas

Collaboration of the
Supervision of teh

Water treatment
relevant parties

Transportation
environment

Competence
Water intake

Installations
Distribution

Materials
Storage
…

…
PREPAREDNESS/EMERGENCY/CONTINGENCY PLANNING
Water Services, Environmental Health, Rescue Administration
Success Factors 1/2
1. ”Extended” WSP/SSP: stakeholders in important role
Collaboration between drinking water supplier / wastewater treatment
operator, authorities and stakeholders
– suggested WSP/SSP team
• members of the operator
• environmental protection authority
• health protection authority
• authorities for construction and land use
• rescue authority
• stakeholders with environment permit (e.g. industry that may pose a threat to
environment)
• stakeholders with requirement of particularly high quality drinking water (e.g. food
industry)
– environment permit for wastewater operator
• risk assessment required by the authority
• no common tool prior to SSP
 The percentage of predefined hazardous events and hazard combinations
(N=881) in WSP that can only be controlled if collaboration between different
stakeholders exists
Success Factors 2/2

2. Coordination of monitoring programmes and planning

– Improvement and Monitoring Plans as outputs from WSP/SSP
• integration and coordination into/with authorities’ plans
• identification of possible emergency situations

3. Regular auditing of WSP/SSP

– cross-auditing by operators or other external audit
• content of the WSP/SSP
– auditing by authorities:
• has WSP/SSP been done and updated?
• have improvement and monitoring plans been followed?
• documentation
• if WSP/SSP is well done: reduced need of monitoring by authorities

4. Common exercises
Major Gaps

 Too many stakeholders?

 NO, if the objectives are consistent, based on risk assessment and mutually
accepted

 Mutual trust?
 POSSIBLE, if there is no prior collaboration
Statutory in National Legislation in Finland
 Emergency planning based on risk assessment

 Collaboration in preparation of the plans

– operators, authorities, other stakeholders

 Cordination of the plans and common and regular exercises

 Risk assessment in the environment permit

– wastewater operators
– other operations that may cause hazard for the environment

 Beginning 27 October 2017: risk assessment -based drinking

water quality monitoring

WSP and SSP

offer the tool for the risk assessment