MAKALAH BAHASA INGGRIS MARITIM
MRS. MAYA SAPTA
KELOMPOK:
M. ALDI PRATAMA
BAGUS WAHYU
RESTU AJI W.
ferry
Ferry on the Sumida River in Tokyo.
© plusphoto/amanaimagesRF/Getty Images
Vessel ferry
ferry, a place where passengers, freight, or vehicles are carried by boat across
a river, lake, arm of the sea, or other body of water. The term applies both to the place
where the crossing is made and to the boat used for the purpose. By extension of the
original meaning, ferry also denotes a short overwater flight by an airplane carrying
passengers or freight or the flying of planes from one point to another as a means of
delivering them
.
Mersey, River
Ferry on the River Mersey, Eng.
Tagishsimon
Ferryboat
Perhaps the most prominent early use of the term appears in Greek mythology,
where Charon the ferryman carried the souls of the dead across the River Styx. Ferries
were of great importance in ancient and medieval history, and their importance has
persisted into the modern era. Before engineers learned to build permanent bridges over
large bodies of water or construct tunnels under them, ferries offered the only means of
crossing. Ferries include a wide variety of vessels, from the simplest canoes or rafts to
large motor-driven ferries capable of carrying trucks and railway cars across vast
expanses of water. The term is frequently used in combination with other words, as in
the expressions train ferry, car ferry, and channel ferry.
Ferry in Ontario (Manitoulin Island) vehicles load via the front and back of the ferry opening hull
DOUBLE ENDED
Double-ended ferries have interchangeable bows and sterns, allowing them to shuttle back and forth
between two terminals without having to turn around. Well-known double-ended ferry systems
include the BC Ferries, the Staten Island Ferry, Washington State Ferries, Star Ferry, several ferries
on the North Carolina Ferry System, and the Lake Champlain Transportation Company. Most
Norwegian fjord and coastal ferries are double-ended vessels. All ferries from southern Prince
Edward Island to the mainland of Canada were double-ended. This service was discontinued upon
completion of the Confederation Bridge. Some ferries in Sydney, Australia and British Columbia are
also double-ended. In 2008, BC Ferries launched the first of the Coastal-class ferries, which at the
time were the world's largest double enders. These were surpassed as the world's largest double-
enders when P&O Ferries launched their first double-ender, called the P&O Pioneer, which is due to
enter service in September 2022.[13]
Incat built Catamaran HSC Manannan entering Douglas, Isle of Man
CATAMARAN
Since 1990 high speed catamarans have revolutionised ferry services,
replacing hovercraft, hydrofoils and conventional monohull ferries. In the 1990s there were a variety
of builders, but the industry has consolidated to two builders of large vehicular ferries between 60
and 120 metres. Incat of Hobart, Tasmania favours a Wave-piercing hull to deliver a smooth ride,
while Austal of Perth, Western Australia builds ships based on SWATH designs. Both these
companies also compete in the smaller river ferry industry with a number of other ship builders.
Stena Line once operated the largest catamarans in the world, the Stena HSS class, between the
United Kingdom and Ireland. These waterjet-powered vessels, displaced 19,638 tonnes,
accommodating 375 passenger cars and 1,500 passengers. Other examples of these super-size
catamarans are found in the Condor Ferries fleet with the Condor Voyager and Rapide.
One of several self-propelled cable ferries that cross the lower reaches of the Murray River in South Australia
CABLE FERRY
Very short distances may be crossed by a cable or chain ferry, which is usually a pontoon ferry (see
above), where the ferry is propelled along and steered by cables connected to each shore.
Sometimes the cable ferry is human powered by someone on the boat. Reaction ferries are cable
ferries that use the perpendicular force of the current as a source of power. Examples of a current
propelled ferry are the four Rhine ferries in Basel, Switzerland.[15] Cable ferries may be used in fast-
flowing rivers across short distances. With an ocean crossing of approximately 1900 metres, the
cable ferry between Vancouver Island and Denman Island in British Columbia; is the longest one in
the world.
Free ferries operate in some parts of the world, such as at Woolwich in London, England (across
the River Thames); in Amsterdam, Netherlands (across the IJ waterway); along the Murray
River in South Australia, and across many lakes in British Columbia. Many cable ferries operate on
lakes and rivers in Canada, among them a cable ferry that charges a toll operates on the Rivière des
Prairies between Laval-sur-le-Lac and Île Bizard in Quebec, Canada. In Finland there were 40 road
ferries (cable ferries) in 2009, on lakes, rivers and on sea between islands.