Section A [40 Marks]

Answer ALL Questions

Directions: For each question, there are four alternatives A, B, C and D. Choose and
CIRCLE the most correct alternative. Do not circle more than ONE alternative. If there
are more than ONE alternatives circled, no score will be awarded.

i. Stomach cancer is one of the common diseases found in today’s society. This disease has a major impact
on
A fat digestion.
B protein digestion.
C carbohydrate digestion.
D vitamins and nutrient digestion.

ii. A student set up an experiment in the laboratory as shown below. What must be changed to
increase the rate of oxygen evolution in the experiment?

1. Replace the beaker with large container

2. Move the light source closer to the beaker
3. Increase the power of the light source
A 1 and 2 only
B 2 and 3 only
C 1 and 3 only
D All 1, 2, and 3

iii. The Royal Government of Bhutan does not allow travelers from foreign countries to bring
plants, fruits, vegetables, animals or other living organism into the country. One of the
main reasons for the implementation of this policy is to
A increase the native species population.
B conserve and protect native species from extinction.
C prevent from the pollution of environment by exotic species.
D prevent from hybridization of native species with exotic species.

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 iv. Our skin cells divide again and again to produce new skin cells.

If the original skin cell contains chromosome number as shown in the above diagram, then number
of chromosomes in daughter cells would be

A B C D

v. Mr Karma is tasked to observe bacterial cell and onion peel cell in one of the biology lessons.
Which of the following would help Mr. Karma to differentiate onion peel cell from bacterial cell?
A Plasmid and nucleoid
B Cell wall and ribosome
C Food granules and nucleus
D Cytoplasm and cell membrane

vi. A man with a blood group A lost considerable amount of blood in a car accident. As a biology
student, you would advise him to look for a donor with
1. a-antibodies in a blood
2. b-antibodies in a blood
3. ab-antibodies
A 1 and 2 only.
B 2 and 3 only.
C 1 and 3 only.
D All 1, 2, and 3.

vii. If a man with a genotype of Tt for tall height marries a woman with a genotype of tt for
short height, the probability of offspring with tall height is

A 25%
B 50%
C 75%
D 100%

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viii. A student while on hiking took a photograph as shown below. If a student is to publish this
finding in a scientific journal, it must be reported as

Figure. Few insects are sitting on a flower.

A parasitism existing in nature.

B mutualism existing in nature.
C mentalism existing in nature.
D commensalism existing in nature.

ix. In a grand challenge competition, you are given a task to design a container that allow some
objects to enter and leave without resistance, some objects to travel only one way, and other
objects not to enter the container at all. The working of a container must demonstrate the
principle of
A selective reabsorption
B selective secretion
C selective permeability
D selective ultrafiltration

x. Suppose a woman from your locality, who is a carrier of colour blindness, is married to a man
from another locality. What percentage of male offspring will have colour blindness in this
family?

A 25%
B 50%
C 75%
D 100%

xi. In a science exhibition, you are asked to build a plant-like a structure that absorbs water from a
container. Your plant-like a structure must carry water from its lower portion to other aerial
regions. Which of the following xylem tissues would you study the most to build a plant-like a
structure that can carry water from its lower portion to aerial regions?
A Tracheids and vessels
B Vessels and xylem fibre
C Tracheids and xylem parenchyma
D Xylem parenchyma and xylem fibre

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xii. Suppose in your biology project work, you are given a task to create a robot that acts and
behaves similar to human beings. Your project demands you to create robot that gives
automatic or involuntary response irrespective of the stimuli. Which part of the nervous
system would you study to build a robot that can give involuntary response?
A Brain
B Cerebrum
C Cerebellum
D Spinal cord

xiii. Bhutan is blessed with clean natural environment. As per the national policy, Bhutan is
mandated to maintain at least 70 percent of the forest coverage. Besides, there are other values
that provide indirect supporting mechanism to conserve Bhutan’s natural environment. In this
regard, which of the following adds in the conservation of Bhutan’s natural environment?
1. Cultural and spiritual values
2. Recreational values, such as botanical parks and gardens
3. Economical values to maintain national economic status
A 1 and 2 only
B 2 and 3 only
C 1 and 3 only
D All 1, 2, and 3

xiv. Micro-organisms, such as bacteria and fungi are always considered a disease-causing
organism. In contrary to this belief, they are widely used in our day-to-day life. Which of
the following describes the use of bacteria and fungi in our daily lives?
1. As a source of medicine, such as antibiotics
2. As an agent for cleaning environment through anaerobic digestion
3. As a source of enzymes in food beverage industries
A 1 and 2 only
B 2 and 3 only
C 1 and 3 only
D All 1, 2, and 3

xv. A group of biology students while going for hiking has observed a frog being chased by a snake.
What type of relationship can you conclude from this scene?
A predation
B parasitism
C competition
D commensalism

xvi. Loday is taking iron tablets as recommended by the doctor due to low haemoglobin count. Identify
the role of haemoglobin.
A Clotting of blood.
B Transportation of gases.
C Production of white blood cells.
D Destroying the foreign pathogen.
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xvii. The transportation of water and minerals takes place through xylem. Which is NOT the part of xylem
cells?
A Vessel
B Tracheids
C Sieve tube
D Parenchyma

xviii. In an ecosystem organism were depending on each other for survival. Which of the following pair
shows the best example of parasitism?
A Algae and fungi
B Cattle and egret
C Ticks and skin of dog
D Rhizobium and leguminous plant

xix. It is believed that live attenuated vaccine is not recommended for a patient who suffers from which of
the disease?
A AIDS.
B Mumps.
C Rubella.
D Small pox.

xx. People going for collection of Cordyceps have increased over a period due to generation of high income.
Now the government has initiated to issue the license for Cordyceps collectors. The reason for these
initiatives was to prevent
A climate change.
B overexploitation.
C habitat fragmentation.
D introduction of exotic species.

xxi. Which of the following list has ONLY biotic factors?

A Snail, Algae, Fish
B Snail, Algae, Sunlight
C Temperature, Fish, Water
D Temperature, algae, Sunlight

xxii. When a man with brown eye colour marries a woman with blue eye colour, their child has the
genotype `Bb`. What kind of genotype is `Bb`?
A Blue eye colour
B Brown eye colour
C Homozygous dominant
D Heterozygous dominant

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xxiii. Bile is essential for healthy digestion and absorption of fats. Where is bile made and stored in the
body?
A Bile is made in the gallbladder and stored in the liver.
B Bile is made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
C Bile is made in the pancreas and stored in the gallbladder.
D Bile is made in the gallbladder and stored in the pancreas.

xxiv. Which of the following occurs only in meiosis but not in mitosis?
A Crossing over
B Chromosome replication
C Nuclear membrane disintegration
D Chromosome movement to opposite pole

xxv. We usually keep food in refrigerator to prevent food from

A viral infection.
B fungal infection.
C bacterial infection.
D both bacterial and fungal infection.

b) Fill-in-the-blanks with appropriate word/words. [5]

i. Mule, the crossbreed between horse and donkey is found to be stronger than both parents. It is
produced by the process called ____________________________
ii. When you are in the hot place you urinate less frequently than being in the cold place because in the
hot place most of the water is lost as ____________________________
iii. The fish containing high protein eaten by Arjun during lunch will ultimately get converted to
__________________ after digestion
iv. The release of African giant catfish into Toorsa River at Phuentsholing alarmed
environmentalists in Bhutan as African giant catfish is an _______________________
v. Daughter cells in meiotic division always contain different genetic composition due
to__________________________________

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c) Match each item of Column A with the most appropriate item of Column B. Rewrite the correct
pairs by writing the number and the corresponding alphabet in the spaces provided. [5]

COLUMN A COLUMN B
i) Conducting tissue a) Phloem
ii) Oxygen b) By product
iii) Colour blindness c) End product
iv) Haploid d) Sex-linked disease
v) Universal donor e) Mitosis
f) Meiosis
g) O blood group

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

d) State TRUE of FALSE against each statement. [5]

i. The rate of photosynthesis increases with increase in temperature beyond optimum
level.
ii. Blood group O can receive blood from any other group
iii. Decomposers help in converting organic waste into simpler substances.
iv. Each of us receive one allele from father and another allele from mother.
v. Spinal cord is one of the parts of the central nervous system that analyses nerve
impulses.

SECTION B ( 60 MARKS )
ATTEMPT ANY SIX QUESTION
Question2
a) Osmosis plays significant roles in plant. Justify with TWO reasons. [2]

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b) Mishra was knee injured while playing for inter house football tournament. His friends wrapped a
bandage to stop bleeding. After few minutes it was observed that the bleeding was stopped. Explain
the process involved in the stopping of blood [2]

c) If you were an environmental officer, would you give environmental clearance to construct
highway via national park? Justify your opinion. [2]

d) Mitosis plays a significant role in animals. Support with TWO reasons. [2]

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 e) Explain how these factors affect the rate of photosynthesis? [2]
i. Light intensity ii. Carbon dioxide concentration

Question 3.
a) Bacteria that cause diarrhea contain much simpler structure than human skin cell. How? [2]

b) Why haemophilia cases occur mostly in males? [2]

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c) Bikram wants to create an artificial ecosystem near his house. What biotic factors and abiotic
factors would he include in it? [2]

d) Heterozygous red flower is cross with heterozygous white flower. Calculate the genotype and
phenotype ratio of F1 generation. [2]

e) Bacteria are widely used in our daily lives. One of the uses of bacteria is to carry out
anaerobic digestion. What do you mean by the term anaerobic digestion? State ONE example
of anaerobic digestion caused by bacteria [2]

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Question 4.
a) Define allele. [1]

b) Why Law of segregation is also called as purity of gametes? [2]

c) How can microorganisms help in improving human diet? Explain with few examples [ 2]

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d) Study the figure given below and answer the questions that follow.

i. Name the parts labelled A and C. [1]

ii. How would body homeostasis change if the parts labelled A is non-functional? Claim with
reasons [1]

e) Study the diagram given below and answer the questions.

i. Name the structure labelled A in the above diagram. [1]

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 ii. What would happen to our body cells if the part labelled A is removed? Explain with
reasons. [2]

Question 5

a) Observe the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow.

i. Name the type of cell division in which the above stage occurs. [1]

ii. Name the part marked ‘X’ on the diagram. [1

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b) A group of students conducted an experiment in a biology class. 3 pieces of potato were
dropped into each solution 1, 2 and 3. The results are indicated in the diagram below.

i. What can you say about the nature of solution 1, 2 and 3? [3]

ii. Explain students’ observation when potato is dropped in solution 1 and 2. [2]

iii. How can you get back original size of potato that is placed in solution 2? [1]

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c) Diagram given below represents two types of tissues in plants. Study the diagram and answer the questions.

i. Identify A and B in plants. [1]

ii. What would happen if part A is removed from plant? [1]

Question 6
a) Refer table given below and answer the questions.

Blood type Antigen Antibody Donor

A A B
B B A
AB AB None
O None A and B

i. As per the table above who would be donors for blood group O and AB? [1]

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 ii. Which blood group is called universal recipient? Why? (Write your answer with reference
to the table). [2]

iii. Can a person with blood group A donate blood to person with blood type B? Justify your answer
with a reason. [2]

b) Mr. Passang had two children, a daughter named Dolma and son Karma. Both of them met with minor accident
while playing with friends, but the son had profuse bleeding whereas daughter did not bleed much. Explain your
answer with valid reasons. [2]

c) Read the information below and answer the questions.

While Sonam was working in the kitchen, his hand accidently touched hot flame of stove. The
skin cells on his fingers got stimulated and the impulse was communicated to the brain. His brain
identified the impulse and signaled muscles cells on tip of his finger to withdraw instantly.

i. With reference to the above scenario identify receptor and effector. [2]

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 ii. How is this action different from kicking football? [1]

Question 7

a) Cells also divide when sex cells (sperm and egg) are being produced

i. If the original cell contains chromosome number as shown in the above diagram, what
chromosome number would egg cells would contain? [1]

ii. Would the new egg and original cell contain same genetic composition? Why? [2]

b) National Park is one of the strategies to conserve biodiversity in Bhutan. In your opinion is it the best
strategy to conserve biodiversity? Justify. [2]

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c) The diagram below shows a summary of photosynthesis. Study and answer the questions
that follow:

i. Explain how water splits. [1]

ii. How these two phases are related? [1]

d) If you take two of Karma’s skin cells, would they have same genetic composition? Why? [1]

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e) A person diagnosed with kidney failure is usually characterized by swelling in his/her legs or the entire body.
How would you relate the swelling of legs to the kidney failure? [2]

Question 8

a) Recently, you got vaccine against Covid-19 virus and developed immunity too. Why do you think
you had post-vaccine symptoms after the jab? Explain what are the cells involved to protect you from
the same virus in future? [2]

b) Why gibberellins and abscisic acid are used in (Rewenable Natural resources research and development
Centres of Bhutan? [2]

c) Why are athletes consuming steroid hormones illegally? What is the social impact of using it? [2]

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 d) Students after having learnt about cell divison, were instructed by their teacher to multipy a plant cell to get
new plants with desirable traits like that of a parent plant.
i. Name the type of cell division that would help to achieve the result. [1]

ii. Provide ONE reason for choosing the above method. [1]

e) Bhutan’s environment is connected to spiritual or religious values. Explain. [2]

Question 9
a) How does synthetic hormone help the production of fruits and vegetables in off seasons? Explain with a
suitable example. [3]

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b) What is the role of liver in digestion? [2]

c) If a robot responds to stimuli automatically, which part of the central nervous system does it function alike?
Why? [2]

d) Bacteria are widely used in our daily lives. One of the potential of bacteria is their capacity to carry
out anaerobic digestion. In this light, outline as how you would make use of bacteria to treat sewage
wastes [3]

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