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Higher Technological Institute's Electrical Engineering & Computer Department course on communication discusses various digital modulation techniques. It covers Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Phase Shift Keying (PSK) including Binary PSK (BPSK), Quadrary PSK (QPSK), and Differential PSK (DPSK). FSK shifts the frequency, PSK shifts the phase, QPSK uses two local oscillators and a bit splitter, and DPSK does not use a reference signal but shifts phase relative to the previous signal element. The document compares the bit error rate, total errors, and transmitted signals of FSK, PSK, QPSK, BPSK, and DPSK when E

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22 views7 pages

Task 1

Higher Technological Institute's Electrical Engineering & Computer Department course on communication discusses various digital modulation techniques. It covers Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Phase Shift Keying (PSK) including Binary PSK (BPSK), Quadrary PSK (QPSK), and Differential PSK (DPSK). FSK shifts the frequency, PSK shifts the phase, QPSK uses two local oscillators and a bit splitter, and DPSK does not use a reference signal but shifts phase relative to the previous signal element. The document compares the bit error rate, total errors, and transmitted signals of FSK, PSK, QPSK, BPSK, and DPSK when E

Uploaded by

Rana Elshamy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Higher Technological Institute (HTI)

Electrical Engineering & Computer Dep

Course: communication 4
Name: Hassan Ramadan Hassan
ID: 20180287
Task no: 1
Gr: 4
Eng: Maryam Adel

1
1. Digital Modulation Technique:
Digital Modulation provides more information capacity, high data security, quicker
system availability with great quality communication. Hence, digital modulation
techniques have a greater demand, for their capacity to convey larger amounts of
data than analog modulation techniques.

There are many types of digital modulation techniques and also their combinations,
depending upon the need. Of them all, we will discuss the prominent ones

ASK – Amplitude Shift Keying:

The amplitude of the resultant output depends upon the input data whether it
should be a zero level or a variation of positive and negative, depending upon the
carrier frequency.

2
FSK – Frequency Shift Keying:

The frequency of the output signal will be either high or low, depending upon the
input data applied.

PSK – Phase Shift Keying:

The phase of the output signal gets shifted depending upon the input. These are
mainly of two types, BPSK and QPSK. The other one is DPSK which changes the
phase according to the previous value.

3
Binary Phase Shift Keying BPSK:

This is also called as 2-phase PSK or Phase Reversal Keying. In this technique, the
sine wave carrier takes two phase reversals such as 0° and 180°

The Quadrature Phase Shift Keying QPSK:

The QPSK Modulator uses a bit-splitter, two multipliers with local oscillator, a 2-
bit serial to parallel converter, and a summer circuit. Following is the block
diagram for the same.

4
Differential Phase Shift Keying DPSK:

The phase of the modulated signal is shifted relative to the previous signal element.
No reference signal is considered here. The signal phase follows the high or low
state of the previous element. This DPSK technique doesn’t need a reference
oscillator.

5
2. Compare between (FSK & PSK & QPSK & BPSK & DPSK)

 These results when Eb/No = -10 dB


 Note: In diplay there are 3 values and they are BER & Total error &
Transmitted signal.

Compare
Scope Display error
Modulation

FSK

PSK

6
QPSK

BPSK

DPSK

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