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Group Two Assignment

The document lists the names of 8 students assigned to Group 2 and provides information about carboxylic acids. It defines carboxylic acids as organic compounds containing a carbon double bonded to oxygen and single bonded to a hydroxyl group. The document discusses the carboxyl functional group, IUPAC nomenclature for carboxylic acids, examples of names for different structures, and common reactions of carboxylic acids including forming salts, esters, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen gas.

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maxwell amponsah
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51 views7 pages

Group Two Assignment

The document lists the names of 8 students assigned to Group 2 and provides information about carboxylic acids. It defines carboxylic acids as organic compounds containing a carbon double bonded to oxygen and single bonded to a hydroxyl group. The document discusses the carboxyl functional group, IUPAC nomenclature for carboxylic acids, examples of names for different structures, and common reactions of carboxylic acids including forming salts, esters, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen gas.

Uploaded by

maxwell amponsah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GROUP TWO ASSIGNMENT

NAMES OF STUDENTS
1. MORRISON APPAU EMMANUEL 01211121B
2. NKANSAH JOHN AGYEI 01211364B
3. MENSAH ALFREDA 01210206B
4. TETTEH CHRISTINE 01210669B
5. MAJIMBE SIMON 01210571B
6. AGLIMAH ISREAL KOMLA 01210281B
7. GAKPETOR ELIJAH ELORM 01210442B
8. ACKON ABIGAIL AMA 01210413B
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
Introduction
A carboxylic acid is any class of organic compounds in which a carbon
atom is bonded to an oxygen atom by a double bond and to a hydroxyl
group (-OH) by a single bond.
The carboxyl (COOH) group is so-named because of the carbonyl group
(C=O) and a hydroxyl group (-OH). A fourth bond links the carbon atom
to a hydrogen (H) atom or to some other equivalent combining group
(R).
FUNCTIONAL GROUP
The functional group of carboxylic acid is the carboxyl which consist of
carbonyl and hydroxyl group this can be structurally presented as:
O O

R C + OH R C OH
Carbonyl Carboxyl
Hydroxyl
NOMENCLATURE (IUPAC)
 the suffix ‘’e’’ in the name of the corresponding alkane is replaced with ‘’oic acid’’.
 When the aliphatic chain contains only one carboxyl group, the carboxylic carbon is always
numbered one. For example, CH3COOH is named as ethanoic acid.
 When the aliphatic chain contains more than one carboxyl group, the total number of carbon atoms is
counted and the number of carboxyl groups is represented by Greek numeral prefixes such as ‘’di-’’,
‘’tri-’’, e.tc.
 A carboxylic acid is named by adding these prefixes and suffixes to the parent alkyl chain. Arabic
numerals are used for indicating the positions of the carboxyl group.
 The name ‘’carboxylic acid’’ or ‘’carboxyl’’ can also be assigned for a carboxyl substituent on a
carbon chain. An example of such nomenclature is the name 2-carboxyfuran for the compound 2-
Furioc acid.

Example
C=O-OH
Methanoic acid
Nomenclature of carboxylic acids

H O H H O H H H H H O

H C C OH H C C C OH H C C C C C C OH

H H H H H H H H

Ethanoic acid Propanoic acid Hexanioc acid

COOH
H CH3 H O H CH3 H H O

H C C C C OH H C C C C C OH
H CH3 H H H H CH3
CH3 CH3
2,3-dimethlybutanioc acid 2,3-dimethlypentanioc acid
3,5-dimethlybenzanioc acid
Reactions of carboxylic acids
A. Carboxylic acids react with bases to produce carboxylic (ion) salt and water.
O
O C
O-
C
OH
+ NaOH Na
+
+ H2O

B. Carboxylic acids reacts with carbonates to produce carboxylic salt,


carbon dioxide and water.

O
O

C + CaCO3 C
+ CO2 + H2O
+
O Ca
-
CH3
CH3 OH
C. Carboxylic acids reacts with alcohols to produce esters and water.

O
O O
C + C + H2O
CH3 OH CH3CH2 H CH3 O CH3CH2

D. Carboxylic react with reactive metals to produce salt and hydrogen gas.

2 CH3COOH + 2 Li 2 CH3COOLi + H2
Summary
Carboxylic acids
 Are organic compounds.
 have functional groups made up of carbonyl and hydroxyl.
 They have ‘’oic acid’’ as their suffix in (IUPAC) naming.
 They have similar properties as inorganic and organic acids.

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