io Scripts For each recorded text you will ind a headphone symbol (identical to the one in the lesson) with a file number in the middle to help you find the recording in the downloaded audio files. Unit 2: The Path to Success 2. Experiencing the exam (.) Examiner The presentation will be in 3 parts. Before each section you will be asked a question, While listening, take notes which will help you answer the question. After each section you will hear the question again and then you will have 2 minutes to write each answer. Each uestion is worth 3 marks and seeks 3 pieces of information. The recording will only be played ‘once. Write your notes below, but remember to copy your answers onto the separate Answer Sheet Question 1: What were the three occasions on ‘which Maria used her dictionary in the Reading Test? Maria The first test of the exam was reading. Here there were three tasks: paragraph headings ~ finding headings for six pieces of connected text and then a long text from which had to ind pieces of information and note them down. Finally, there were two reading texts, each with three multiple-choice questions. could use my dictionary but I didrit use it too often ~ in fact only three times to check words. ‘There was one word in one of the paragraph headings. The second was to check something in one of the questions. | also needed the dictionary to check the meaning of one of the ‘options in the multiple-choice reading, That wasall Examiner Question 1: What were the three occasions on Which Maria used her dictionary in the Reading Test? TWO MINUTE PAUSE Examiner Question 2: Which three writing tasks did Maria do, or consider doing, and why? Maria Thernext test was writing, lar always a little afraid of the writing and my frst problem was choosing the right question for me. My first task was the transactional writing task, which involved writing a 200-word letter ‘of complaint. | had no choice; the task was compulsory. then had a choice from three ‘tasks for the discursive writing, for which l also had to write a 200-word piece. The first option was an article about a defective building in my town. seriously thought about choosing this ‘one as | know such a building, The second was an online comment about the local arts centre, I don't know anything about that, sol didn't ‘consider it. | finally opted for the last option: an essay about love lasting for ever. Everybody is, interested in love. Examiner Question 2: Which three writing tasks did Maria do, or consider doing, and why? TWO MINUTE PAUSE Examiner Question 3: Which three things made Maria nervous in the Speaking Test? Maria After the writing test it was time for listening, There were three tasks fist, short conversations in which | had to link four short conversations to two separate lists of descriptors. After that, heard a long note- taking text and had to find three pieces of information to answer each of the three questions, and finally there was a short extract from a radio programme followed by eight ‘multiple-choice questions, The recordings were ‘well-made and | had no problem with them, Finally, there was the speaking test. | was worried because | have always felt that speaking is my weakest skill n English. We had to hang around a bit but at last my time arrived to go into the preparation toom. | had ten minutes to prepare a presentation topic: there were two alternatives on the paper. ‘Outside the examination room, | started to fee! frightened, but when I finally went inside the two examiners were realy nice and friendly,| did the test with another git. didr’t know her and that worried me. For the first minute (150 had to talk to her to find out things that we had in common. She was a nice person so needn't have worried. Then we both gave our presentations and after each one we had to start a discussion with our partner about the topic. And, finally, we were given four pictures and had to recommend one as the cover fora book. And then the exam was over. | suppose, looking back on it it wasn't that bad really. Examiner Question 3: Which three things made Maria nervous in the speaking Test? TWO MINUTE PAUSE Examiner Thatis the end ofthe test. Unit 8: Holiday Accomodation 2. Difficulties and Distractions & Conversation one aa Konrad Well on a positive note we got home without personal injury at least. Hold your horses, Konrad. You might have saved me from toppling over the balcony after my tenth cocktail, but you remember what happened on the Thursday night. Yes, on our way back from the Black Satin Night ‘Club we made an unscheduled detour around some unknown parts ofthe town. Yes, we did't have a faintest idea where we were. Some idiot decided to leave his car across the pavement. Yes, and you walked into the mud-guard and wenta tumble Yes | went flying and badly grazed my knees. Louise Konrad Louise Konrad Louise 3. Writing a short conversations task * on Oh, this one looks interesting! like the name = Giles. Nice short haircut. What does he do? hope he's not another butcher. No, no, he's involved in soccer; | think he mentioned it was actually a second division team, He won't be short of money. How about his interests? Gardening... interesting, music, travel... sounds OK really Going out to restaurants?! I'm quite old fashioned, | like to be cooked for. bet he can't! Assistant Probably not, but he is good looking, Cathy Assistant Cathy '» Exam Practice Task (,.) Conversation one aa Carla Why don’t we book suite: they have a special ursery for Ben, we could have breakfast in bed, chill out by the swimming pool, get a sun tan, Yes, sipping our favourite cocktails. We can get whatever we want whenever we want. That would be simply lovely, Just like the holiday we are looking for. Itsounds like a dream holiday! It certainly has ‘more pros than cons. However, | think the price is, a bit steep. We will enjoy the services but nothing else. James Cala Conversation two Carla ve found something extremely cheap. The intemet isa blessing, Excellent location, two minutes walk from the beach, in a beautiful house, with French windows and a huge balcony. Whata view! And there is alock up garage and gate access with remote control, so you don't have to get out ‘and open the gate every single time we return to the house. | wonder why it’s so cheap. Oh, see, We get only breakfast. expect there would be too many people, just popping for one night maybe straight off the main road that almost runs through the place, | wouldn't like it, we would have no peace atall and would have to listen to other people's arguments and sily chatter. I don't want that!! James aria Conversation three James Let's see ifwe can still find something. | reckon you don’t want to spend your holiday with a bunch of backpackers who party all night in the centre of the city. Itsnot the party noise which bothers me. 'm not going on holiday to see awful buildings and drive an hour to see a tree. Have you completely lost your mind? Not to mention all te pollution. For me that would be the worst nightmare possible! Well let’ scrap that idea then. Carla JamesConversation four James We have to make up our mind. Why don't we go. backpacking, take our tent? One of us can carry Ben. I think that would be possible. Carla You're completely mad! Can you imagine me with, so many people, with no bathtub, room service, swimming poo! or restaurant...... queuing for the toilet? That's not a good idea, to say the least! James give up. think we should just stay at home. bea inerviewer Unit 9: A Quick Snooze CG) OA OeMann 1. Note Taking ®. (ii) Interviewer Well, on today's programme our speaker today is Dr Ben Mann from the National Sleep Institute, Welcome, Dr Mann, DrMann Thank you, and hello everybody. Wel, sleep {sa subject that we are all interested in. You should wake up refreshed in the morning without the use of an alarm ciock and feel ‘energetic all day. Iffor some reasons you don't, you may find some good tips in my talk this morning. What a lot of people don't take on board is that sleep is as important as food and ar. ‘Quantity and quality are very important. ‘Most people need between 7.5 to 8.5 hours of uninterrupted sleep. Ifyou want to press the snooze alarm in the morning, the truth is you are mot getting the sleep you need. This could be due to not enough time in bed, external disturbances, ora sleep disorder. You should go to a sleep clinic and find out. My fist piece of advice isto tell you to keep regular hours. Try to go to bed at the same time and get up at the same time every day, Getting up at the some time is most important. Getting bright light, ike the sun, when you get up will aso help. Try to go to bed only when you are sleepy. Bright light in the morning at a reguiar time should help you feel sleepy at the same time every night. Need I ell you to stay away from stimulants like caffeine? This willhelp you get deep sleep which is most refreshing, If you take any caffeine, take itn the morning, Avoid all stimulants in the evening, including chocolate, caffeinated sodas, and caffeinated teas. They will all delay yoursleep, Now lets turn to your bed, Use the bed just for sleeping. Avoid watching TV, using laptop computers, or reading in bed. Bright light from these activities may inhibit sleep. fit helps to read before sleep, make sure you use a very smail wattage bulb to read. A 15-watt bulb should be enough. 6 4 Now Doctor Mann, you were talking about the relationship between light and sleep. Yes, that’s right. You should think about light more generally. Avoid bright light around the house before bed. Using dimmer switches in living rooms and bathtooms before bed can be helpful, But don't forget to switch your dimmer switches to maximum brightness for ‘morning routines. That's important too. Looking at stress and exercise now. It's silly to get stressed if you feel you are not getting ‘enough sleep. It will just make matters worse. Just recognise the fact that you will sleep eventually. Avoid exercise near bedtime; it doesn't help. In fact don't exercise for at least three hours before bed. Don't go to bed hungry. You should havea light snack, and avoid a heavy meal before bed, Bedtime routines are helpful for good sleep. (One thing to dos to avoid looking at the clock ifyou wake up in the middle of the night. It can cause anxiety and doesn't help, But ifyou can't get to sleep for over thirty ‘minutes, get out of bed and do something boring in dim light till you are sleepy. Don't overlook the obvious things. Keep your bedroom at a comfortable temperature, and if you have problems with noise in your bedroom you can usea white noise generator. A fan will do the trick. | should now consider that old chestnut of alcohol. You should know that the "night cap has price. Alcohol may indeed help you to get to sleep bur it will cause you to wake up throughout the night. You may not notice it Sometimes people snore only ifthey have hhad some aleohol or may snore more loudly if they already snore,‘Now, finally, lets turn to that contentious issue of snoring. Ifyou have a sleeping partner, ask whether he or she notices any snoring, leg movements or pauses in breathing. Note this information and consult a doctor. You may have a sleep disorder (or you may just need to increase your awareness about your own sleeping habits, Remember - and I can't emphasise this more strongly - if you have any concems see your doctor. Interviewer Thankyou, Or Mann. Bao Interviewer Interviewer Dr Mann, what is restless legs syndrome? DrMann_ Insimple terms its discomfort in the legs, which can only be relieved by moving the {egs - or stimulating the legs in some other interviewer way. The feeling is difficult to describe;itisa kind of tickling or pricking sensation. indies Ww aa Interviewer Dr Mann, can you tell us about your Restless Legs Centre? DrMann Yes, the current centre opened in 1972 and by the 1990s was recognised as one of the top 5 centres having seen over 3500 patients. The numberof patients has been growing by over 68 per cent per year Females dominate among patients by a ratio. of 3:4, though in the last year the proportion cof male patients has grown, Our budget hras increased by 12849 the ast decade. ‘This year we introduced a helpline on the following number 02354 67832. Interviewer Thank you, Dr. Mann. Interviewer ices tases CG) Interviewer Now, Andreo, why can't you sleep at night? Andreo—_t’sutterly terrible you know. live in a smell fiat and have neighbours all around me; above me, below me and on both sides. The people above are the worst. The guy who lives there is the leader of a rock band and they hold their band practice three nights a week, The worst thing is the practice goes Con till about two in the morning, 4. Disregarding Irrelevant Details Insummer my flat is extremely hot and | need the windows open. There always seem to be people shouting on the street, Yesterday there was a drunken fight outside; but just as | was getting used toit| heard the sirens of police cars ariving. And there's one more thing, The heating system in winter makes such a noise. All the pipes seem to rattle at about five in the ‘morning, Then at about half past ive my neighbour wakes up with a radio-alarm clock and putsift on full volume. Its terrible living there. Thank you, Andreo. (0) , Now, Andreo, what do you do about not being able to sleep? I've tried praying but that doesn't help at al. ‘The most successful thing I've done to date is to invest in a pair of ear plugs. While they reduce the level of noise it doesn't obliterate itcompletely. ‘Complaining is a complete waste of time. The fellow upstairs just laughs at me and the other neighbours don't seem to mind. the noise. Taking sleeping pills does work though. feel so drowsy after those that | go, tosleep quite quickly despite the noise. But that’s no long term solution. ‘The bedroom is the nosiest ofall so its better if Isleep in my living room, ve also considered killing the man upstairs ‘on a couple of occasions. That would be really successful but would bring me other problems, Thankyou, Andreo.5. Exam Practice Task Examiner The speech will be in three parts. Before each part you will be asked a question. While listening take notes which will help you answer the question, After each part you will hear the question again; and you will have two minutes to write each answer. Each question is worth three marks and seeks three pieces of information. The recording will only be played ‘once. Write your notes here, but remember to copy your answers onto the Answer Sheet. Which three reasons does the speaker provide for sleeping in the afternoon? Welcome! and, given that itis eleven in the ‘morning, fm going to assume you are not about to drop off -not yet, anyway! I'm sure you will agree that itis important for a chap approaching his middle years to maintain his zest for life by acquiting a new interest. Binge-watching lots of TV series is an ever- popular option, but tends to go down badly with one's wife. Gof even more so. For those ‘who really wish to irritate their loved ones, shopping for expensive gadgets can be far more effective. Woodwork requires dexterity, and the appeal of German lessons fades very fast. Personally prefer to sleep. I think that its the best hobby for a middle-aged man. Not the early nights .f childhood or the long lie-ins of youth but a siesta after lunch. For someone destroyed by ‘work, parenthood and a changing metabolism itwill sure make a big difference. Also it reduces the risk of death from heart disease, as Ive heard. Ithas taken time to aise the courage to tell you this. Afternoon-nappers are ruthlessly Persecuted in Britain. Although most of us have been exposed on summer holidays to the enlightened views of southern Europe, British prejudice on the subject has, if anything, hardened. But | don't mind. Napping boosts my energy, so I'l keep to it no matter what others say, Examiner. Which three reasons does the speaker provide for sleeping in the afternoon? (two minute pause for writing) Give three instances of napping for staff being officially introduced by employers in Britain and the United States. Speaker Exeminer GQ) Speaker 1 4 Examiner Examiner Over the past 20 oF 30 years, open-plan offices have made a quiet catnap at the desk far more dificult. And a more ferocious work ethic has | ‘made it more dangerous too. Yet everyone knows how hard itis to achieve anything in the hour after lunch. Employees who accept this, and deal with it, return to their jobs re- energised, ‘And im not the only one. Even the academics agree: professors of psychology at Boston and Cornell Universities claim that napping Is part of being a productive worker, and that if we operated machinery the way we treat ‘our body, we would be accused of reckless endangerment. And enlightened American firms have taken their advice. The train operator Conraltactually instructs its freight-yard workers when to break off and sleep. An important ‘medical company has also realised the benefits ‘ofa snooze and have set aside nap rooms, providing pillows and blankets. Bitish attitudes, however, remain primeval Our workplaces usually have less space than ‘American ones. But since fewer people drive there, the option of slipping off to the car park for 40 winks is less widely available. Some are believed to aim for the loo and rest their heads on the toilet paper. Who dares admit it? However, there are some good examples, too. An office building in London has been equipped with a nap room where office workers for a nominal fee per half an hour can get a napping space. No wonder employees find it a brilliant idea. Yet the problems caused by sleep deprivation are worsening. Motorway signs tell us “Tiredness can kill- take a break’ Stil, drivers urge themselves onwards. That really is reckless endangerment: a third of accidents on the M40 near Oxford have been attributed to drivers dozing off, especially nthe afternoon. Give three instances of napping for staff being officially Introduced by employers in Britain and the United States. (two minute pause for writing) What three pieces of advice does the speaker ‘ive for the best way to have an afternoon nap?‘Sometimes, people respond to my passionate advocacy of napping by saying that they have tried itand end up feeling worse. That's just bad technique. | can't explain the science here, but it seems to me that lunchtime fatigue is different from whole-body night-time tiredness: itis a tiredness of the eyes. And the right response is a different kind of sleep. First, @ nap should be just that. Hatf-an-hour is far 60 long, Ten to fifteen minutes is perfect - but. in extremis, | have found that even a micro- sleep of a few seconds can be refreshing. ‘Second, you should not recreate night-time conditions. Deep sleep is not the idea. The room should not be too dark. Don’t stretch ‘out full-length even if that option is available. Ifyou lifestyle allows you to go to bed, then prop yourself up with pillows and temain facing forward, Use an alarm clock f you'te worried. A ‘ar seat rolled back to 45 degrees is actually a near-ideal angle. My own great ambition is an office big enough to contain a chaise longue. And third, you shouldn't fee! guilty. Napping is ‘The first picture seems a bit ambiguous to me, In terms of relating to war. | know what you mean. It could be any sort offre or explosion. Maybe just crop fire, even... although in this context, assume it’s a bomb explosion. So... picture 2. This seems more relevant to the task There'sa definite theme to the picture - with the cannon and the soldier ‘agree... t looks like something you'd see on the news these days. Pretty bleak. Asis the third picture Yes... very provocative. Images of people are always sad. You have a good point there. The fourth picture is provocative too, but in a different way. You know the helicopter has just bombed something in the background. It could even be one of those houses. This one and number 3 really say something to me about war today. I'm with you on that one! Although fd be tempted to include an image of Saddam Hussein or someone like that. Hmmm... m not so sure. That's very specific, and thisis about warin general. ~ Maybe a picture of a newscaster in a war zone then? That's a good idea. Definitely up-to-date as well! | still think that of these 4 images, pictures 3 and 4 are the most appropriate for this book Totally. And! like your newscaster ilea too.Unit 14: The wonders of memory i 19, 4. Listen and complete the grammatical 4 structures Your mind works alot lke a computer. Your brain puts information it judges to be important into ‘files: When you remember something, you pull upa fle. Memory doesn't always work perfectly. As people grow older, it may take longer to retrieve those files. Some older people joke about having a'senior momer It’s normal to forget things once in awhile. We've all, forgotten a name, where we put our keys, orif we locked, the front door. Older people who forget things more often than others their age may have mild cognitive impairment, Forgetting how to use the telephone or find your way home may be signs of a more serious problem. These include Alzheimer's disease or other types of dementia, stroke, depression, head injuries, thyroid problems, or reactions to certain medicines. if you're worried about your forgetfulness, see your doctor,r Materials for Pair and Groupwork a Materials for Pair and Groupwork Unit 1: Starting Out 3. What's “European” about the Euroexam Level C1? a. Read the following text about the view of the Council of Europe Framework on language leaming, Document A i fides an i and leaming’: How does this “The Council of Europe Framework provides an action-oriented view of language use and les es this rae te teciona views? Well the Framework consdets hat language isnot just information fo Keep aires roxher words its nat enough to just know about verb tenses, vocabulary, tc The Framework views 150 nd learners of language primarily as members of society who have TASKS that they need to achieve in particular places, contexts, with particular people, etc. ‘Through a discussion in your group answer the following questions: In what way do you think this view is new compared with more traditional views on language learning? ‘¢ How do you think this view has changed or might change language learning and testing? Unit 8: Holiday Accommodation ‘1. Holiday Places a. Listen toyour partner and draw the picture he or she is describing. Describe your picture for him/her to draw.Unit 9: A Quick Snooze - Activity Sheet A 2. Reading and Notes Read the instructions for this task to the others in the group. '» You will hear a short text about non-24 hour sleep-wake disorder. ‘8 Before hearing the text you will hear a question, which | will read once. You will then hear the text, which | will read only once. ‘Take notes while read the text. ‘© After reading the text | will ead the question, again once. Question: V/hat kind of symptoms do sufferers of non-24 hour sleep-wake disorder have? Question: What kind of symptoms do sufferers of non-24 hour sleep-wake disorder have?Unit 12: In My Opinion "Spicing up" a presentation ( Povertyis increasing afl over the world povertyis the condition of having insufficient resources or income. nits most extreme form, poverty isa lack of basic furan needs such as adequate and nutritious food, clothing, housing, clean water, and health services. Extreme poverty can cause terrible suffering and death, and even modest levels of poverty can prevent people from re3tsn porny of their desires, The world's poorest people—many of whom live in developing areas of Aica, Asie, and Hatin ‘America struggle dally for food, shelter, and other necessities. They often suffer from severe malnutrivon, epidemic a iceace outbreaks, famine, and war. In wealthier countries — such as the United States, Canada, Japan, and those in| reste Europe-the effects of poverty may include poor nutrition, mental iliness, drug dependence; cme, and high rates of disease. } x = = Pollution affects us all pollution is the contamination of the Earth's environment with materials that interfere with human heath, the quality erie, oF the natural functioning of ecosystems {living organisms and their physical surroundings). Although some | | crvitcimental pollution is 2 result of natural causes such as volcanic eruptions, mostis caused by human activities.) | There are two main categories of polluting materials, or pollutants: | siodegradable pollutants are materials, such as sewage, that rapidly decompose by natural processes These polvtants | | become 2 problem when added to the environment faster than they can decompose. Nondegradable pelutants are raters thet either do not decompose or decompose slowly in the natural environment. Once contamination occurs, itis dificult or impossible to remove these pollutants from the environment. x"A" Material Unit 13: Jaw Jaw 9. Practice Exam Task War You have been asked to recommend photographs for the front caver of a book of poetty called "The Modem Faces of War! Look at the pictures below: First, look at each picture one by one and talk about which aspect of war itillustrates and how representative you think itis, Then, think of other images you could include as well. Finally, try to decide which images would be the most appropriate and why.Unit 1: Starting Out What's “European” about the Euroexam Level C1? The levels in the Framework are defined by the so-called "CAN DO” statements. Here are some which refer to C1, operational proficiency, level Document B. Candidates at Euroexam Level Cl. can write an essay or report, passing on information er giving reasons. ‘can understand most TV or radio news and current affairs programmes. ‘can scan quickly through long and complex texts, locating relevant details 8 can negotiate a solution toa dispute. {can take an active part in informal discussion, putting points of view clearly. ican produce andiinka logical sequence of ideas in ther writing effectively, not merely formulate single illocutionary utterances. \ Through a discussion in your group answer the following questions: « In what ways is this method of defining a language level different from a more traditional ievel description? ‘4 Which of the above CAN DO statements cover the areas you personally might need to focus on in English? Unit 8: Holiday Accommodation Holiday Places Listen to your partner and draw the picture he or she is describing, Describe your picture for him/her to draw.Unit 9: A Quick Snooze Reading and Notes Read the instructions for this task to the others in the group, @ You will heara short text about night terror. + Before hearing the text you will hear a question, which | will read once. ‘© You will hen hear the text, which l will read only once, # Take notes while | read the text. @ After reading the text | will read the question again once. ‘Question: What steps can be taken fo deal with the problem of night terror? Atypical night terror episode usually occursin the first hour of sleep. The subject sits up in bed and screams, apparently ‘awake but confused, disoriented, and unresponsive to stimuli. Although the person seems to be awake, he or she is ‘pot aveare of any surrounding presence and usually does not talk, The person may thrash around in bed and does not respond to comforting by others. A person's heart rate can escalate during the terror, along with sweating and heavy | breathing, ‘Most episodes last only a few minutes, but up to three hours can elapse before the person relaxes and returns tonormal Sleep, Incidents of night terror can occur every night ifthe sufferer does not eat a proper diet, get the appropriate mount of sleep, is experiencing stressful events in their life. Adult night terrors are often trauma-based rather than (genetic, chronic, and often respond to treatment in the form of psychotherapy and antidepressant medication. Since night terrors are most commonly triggered by being overtred, sometimes no treatment is necessary except for 2 bertime schedule that ensures proper sleep: If the night terrors are more frequent, however, it has been suggested thatthe sufferer should be awakened from sleep just before the time when the terrors occur most to interrupt the sleep ‘ole. In some cases, adoctormay prescribe medical cannabis to help alleviate stress and help relax the patient. ‘Question: What steps can be taken to deal with the problem of night terror?Unit 12: In My Opinion "Spicing up" a presentation Mass extinction Cour planet is now inthe midst ofits sixth mass extinction of plants and animals in the past half-billion years. We're currently experiencing the worst spate ofspecies die-ofs since thelossof the dinosaurs 65 million yearsago. Extinction fraturel phenomenon, it occurs ata natural background” rate of about one to five species Per Year But scientists tatimate we're now losing species at 1,000 to 10,000 times the background rate. Unite past mass extinctions, caused by events like asteroid strikes, and natural climats shifts, the current crisis is are envely caused by human. n fact 99 percent of currently threatened species are 2 is from human activites, primarly these driving habitat loss introduction of exotic species, and global warming: Because the rate of change in vurbiosphereis increasing, and because every species'extinction potentially leads 10 the extinction of others bound to hat spevis ina complex ecological web, numbers of extinctions are likely to snowballin the coming decades. Growth in counterfeit goods ‘The global economic value of counterfeiting and pracy could reach $2.3 tillon by 2022 Research claims that the wider Treat investment and criminal enforcement costs could take the total to $4.2 tlion leaving at risk about 5.4 million "Jegitimate jobs” Analysts say that while counterfeiting and fraud have been @ part of commercial life, the quickening pace of fake products has.come with the globalization of business asthe global market place makes & ‘easier than ever for criminals to sell fake goods. ‘Arecent report bythe UN, Office on Drugs and Crime says“counterfeit goods and fraudulent medicines pose a serious tisk to public health and safety’ The goods range from automotive supplies, 19 chemicals and pesticides, consumer a ctronien electrical components food, drink nd agricultural products While deaths and sickness have been reported from key foods such as baby milk powder in Asia, Uhe fll human tll as result of fe ‘mechanical, food and medicines is unclear,Unit 13: Jaw Jaw Practice Exam Task Protest You have been asked to recommend photographs for the front cover of a book of poetry called Public protest: Look atthe pictures below: Look at the pictures below: ‘about which aspect of protest itillustrates and how representative you think its First, look at each picture one by one and t Then, think of other images you could include as well Finally, try to decide which images would be the most appropriate and why.