Operator’s Manual

Truck Edition
V-520 10/20/30/50, V-520 MAX
Thermo King – by Trane Technologies (NYSE: TT), a global climate innovator – is a worldwide leader in sustainable
transport temperature control solutions. Thermo King has been providing transport temperature control solutions
for a variety of applications, including trailers, truck bodies, buses, air, shipboard containers and railway cars since
1938. For more information, visit www.thermoking.com or www.tranetechnologies.com

Thermo King has a policy of coninuous product and data improvements and reserves the right to change design and specifications without notice. We are Revision 1
committed to using environmentally conscious print practices.

TK 54342-18-OP
TK-54342-18-OP
Feb 2012
©2020 Trane Technologies February 2012
 V-520 10/20/30/50,
V-520 MAX
10/20/30/50
TK 54342-1-OP (Rev. 1, 02/12)

Copyright© 2009 Thermo King Corp., Minneapolis, MN, USA

Printed in USA

V-520 10/20/30/50,
V-520 MAX
10/20/30/50
TK 54342-1-OP (Rev. 1, 02/12)

Copyright© 2009 Thermo King Corp., Minneapolis, MN, USA

Printed in USA
2

2
 Introduction

Introduction
There is nothing complicated about operating and maintaining IMPORTANT: This manual is published for informational
your Thermo King unit, but a few minutes studying this purposes only and the information furnished herein should
manual will be time well spent. not be considered as all-inclusive or meant to cover all
contingencies. If more information is required, consult your
Performing pre-trip checks and enroute inspections on a
Thermo King Service Directory for the location and
regular basis will minimize on-the-road operating problems. A
telephone number of the local dealer.
regular maintenance program will also help to keep your unit
in top operating condition. If factory recommended procedures
are followed, you will find that you have purchased the most
efficient and dependable temperature control system available.
All service requirements, major and minor, should be handled
by a Thermo King dealer for four very important reasons:
• They are equipped with the factory recommended tools to
perform all service functions
• They have factory trained and certified technicians
• They have genuine Thermo King replacement parts
• The warranty on your new unit is valid only when the
repair and replacement of component parts is performed
by an authorized Thermo King dealer.

Introduction

Introduction
There is nothing complicated about operating and maintaining IMPORTANT: This manual is published for informational
your Thermo King unit, but a few minutes studying this purposes only and the information furnished herein should
manual will be time well spent. not be considered as all-inclusive or meant to cover all
contingencies. If more information is required, consult your
Performing pre-trip checks and enroute inspections on a
Thermo King Service Directory for the location and
regular basis will minimize on-the-road operating problems. A
telephone number of the local dealer.
regular maintenance program will also help to keep your unit
in top operating condition. If factory recommended procedures
are followed, you will find that you have purchased the most
efficient and dependable temperature control system available.
All service requirements, major and minor, should be handled
by a Thermo King dealer for four very important reasons:
• They are equipped with the factory recommended tools to
perform all service functions
• They have factory trained and certified technicians
• They have genuine Thermo King replacement parts
• The warranty on your new unit is valid only when the
repair and replacement of component parts is performed
by an authorized Thermo King dealer.

3
Introduction

Introduction

4
 Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Control Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Electronic Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Automatic Start/Stop Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Electronic Control System Description . . . . . . . . .19
Electrical Hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Unit Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 In-cab Control Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Refrigerant Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
First Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Liquid Injection System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
First Aid–Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Evaporator Drain Tube Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
First Aid–Refrigerant Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Electric Standby Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Safety Decals and Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Oil Separator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Model 20/50 Units (Electric Standby) . . . . . . . . . . 13 Protection Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

Unit Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Unit Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Starting the Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Standard Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Engine Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Optional Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Electric Standby Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Refrigeration System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Standard Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Evaporator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Single-temperature Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
The evaporator is mounted on the ceiling inside the truck Multi-temperature Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Control Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Electronic Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Automatic Start/Stop Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Electronic Control System Description . . . . . . . . .19
Electrical Hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Unit Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 In-cab Control Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Refrigerant Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
First Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Liquid Injection System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
First Aid–Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Evaporator Drain Tube Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
First Aid–Refrigerant Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Electric Standby Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Safety Decals and Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Oil Separator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Model 20/50 Units (Electric Standby) . . . . . . . . . . 13 Protection Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

Unit Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Unit Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Starting the Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Standard Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Engine Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Optional Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Electric Standby Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Refrigeration System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Standard Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Evaporator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Single-temperature Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
The evaporator is mounted on the ceiling inside the truck Multi-temperature Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

5
Table of Contents

Entering the Setpoint Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Maintenance Inspection Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

In Single-temperature Units: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
In Multi-temperature Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Refrigeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Initiating the Manual Defrost Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Structural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Manual Start: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Loading and Enroute Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Auto Start: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Pre-Loading Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Buzzers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Inspecting the Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Alarm Code Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Enroute Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Clearing Alarm Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Viewing Information Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Serial Number Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Hourmeter Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Post-Start Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Loading Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Procedure after loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Emergency Cold Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Electrical System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Recover Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Refrigerant System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Compressors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 CALIFORNIA Proposition 65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . 71
AC Semi-Hermetic Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Solder Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Table of Contents

Entering the Setpoint Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Maintenance Inspection Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

In Single-temperature Units: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
In Multi-temperature Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Refrigeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Initiating the Manual Defrost Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Structural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Manual Start: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Loading and Enroute Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Auto Start: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Pre-Loading Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Buzzers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Inspecting the Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Alarm Code Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Enroute Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Clearing Alarm Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Viewing Information Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Serial Number Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Hourmeter Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Post-Start Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Loading Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Procedure after loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Emergency Cold Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Electrical System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Recover Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Refrigerant System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Compressors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 CALIFORNIA Proposition 65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . 71
AC Semi-Hermetic Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Solder Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

6
Safety Precautions

Safety Precautions
Thermo King recommends that all services be performed by a
CAUTION: Use extreme caution when drilling holes
Thermo King dealer. However, there are several general safety
in the unit. Drilling into electrical wiring or
practices which you should be aware of:
refrigerant lines could cause a fire. Never drill into
structural components.
WARNING: Always wear goggles or safety glasses
when working with or around the refrigeration
system or battery. Refrigerant or battery acid can Automatic Start/Stop Operation
cause permanent damage if it comes in contact with This unit is capable of automatic operation and may start at any
your eyes. time without prior warning.

WARNING: Keep hands and loose clothing clear of WARNING: The unit may start at any time when the
fans and belts at all times when the unit is operating controller is turned on. The controller display lights
or when opening or closing compressor service up when the controller is turned on.
valves.
WARNING: Units equipped with electric standby may
WARNING: Exposed coil fins can cause painful start at any time when the unit is connected to live
lacerations. Service work on the evaporator or electric power and the controller is turned on.
condenser coils is best left to a certified Thermo King
technician.

Safety Precautions

Safety Precautions
Thermo King recommends that all services be performed by a
CAUTION: Use extreme caution when drilling holes
Thermo King dealer. However, there are several general safety
in the unit. Drilling into electrical wiring or
practices which you should be aware of:
refrigerant lines could cause a fire. Never drill into
structural components.
WARNING: Always wear goggles or safety glasses
when working with or around the refrigeration
system or battery. Refrigerant or battery acid can Automatic Start/Stop Operation
cause permanent damage if it comes in contact with This unit is capable of automatic operation and may start at any
your eyes. time without prior warning.

WARNING: Keep hands and loose clothing clear of WARNING: The unit may start at any time when the
fans and belts at all times when the unit is operating controller is turned on. The controller display lights
or when opening or closing compressor service up when the controller is turned on.
valves.
WARNING: Units equipped with electric standby may
WARNING: Exposed coil fins can cause painful start at any time when the unit is connected to live
lacerations. Service work on the evaporator or electric power and the controller is turned on.
condenser coils is best left to a certified Thermo King
technician.

9
Safety Precautions

WARNING: Be sure to press the OFF key to turn the DANGER: Fluorocarbon refrigerants tend to
controller off before opening doors or inspecting any displace air and can cause oxygen depletion which
part of the unit. could result in DEATH BY SUFFOCATION. Provide
adequate ventilation in enclosed or confined areas.

Electrical Hazard WARNING: Fluorocarbon refrigerants evaporate

rapidly, freezing anything they contact if accidentally
CAUTION: Be sure to turn off the high voltage
released into the atmosphere from the liquid state.
power supply, and disconnect the electric cable before
working on the unit. Units with electric standby
present a potential electrical hazard. Refrigerant Oil
Observe the following precautions when working with or
Refrigerant around refrigerant oil:
Although fluorocarbon refrigerants are classified as safe, WARNING: Always wear goggles or safety glasses to
observe caution when working with refrigerants or around protect eyes from refrigerant oil contact.
areas where they are being used in the servicing of your unit.

DANGER: Fluorocarbon refrigerants may produce WARNING: Protect skin and clothing from
toxic gases. In the presence of an open flame or prolonged or repeated contact with refrigerant oil.
electrical short, these gases are severe respiratory Rubber gloves are recommended.
irritants CAPABLE OF CAUSING DEATH.

10

Safety Precautions

WARNING: Be sure to press the OFF key to turn the DANGER: Fluorocarbon refrigerants tend to
controller off before opening doors or inspecting any displace air and can cause oxygen depletion which
part of the unit. could result in DEATH BY SUFFOCATION. Provide
adequate ventilation in enclosed or confined areas.

Electrical Hazard WARNING: Fluorocarbon refrigerants evaporate

rapidly, freezing anything they contact if accidentally
CAUTION: Be sure to turn off the high voltage
released into the atmosphere from the liquid state.
power supply, and disconnect the electric cable before
working on the unit. Units with electric standby
present a potential electrical hazard. Refrigerant Oil
Observe the following precautions when working with or
Refrigerant around refrigerant oil:
Although fluorocarbon refrigerants are classified as safe, WARNING: Always wear goggles or safety glasses to
observe caution when working with refrigerants or around protect eyes from refrigerant oil contact.
areas where they are being used in the servicing of your unit.

DANGER: Fluorocarbon refrigerants may produce WARNING: Protect skin and clothing from
toxic gases. In the presence of an open flame or prolonged or repeated contact with refrigerant oil.
electrical short, these gases are severe respiratory Rubber gloves are recommended.
irritants CAPABLE OF CAUSING DEATH.

10
Safety Precautions

Skin: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash thoroughly with

WARNING: Wash thoroughly immediately after
soap and water. Get medical attention if irritation persists.
handling refrigerant oil to prevent irritation.
Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air and restore breathing if
necessary. Stay with victim until arrival of emergency
personnel.
First Aid
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Immediately contact
First Aid–Refrigerant local poison control center or physician.

Eyes: For contact with liquid, immediately flush eyes with

large amounts of water. Get prompt medical attention.
Skin: Flush areas with large amounts of warm water. Do not
apply heat. Wrap burns with dry, sterile, bulky dressing to
protect from infection or injury. Get prompt medical attention.
Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air and restore breathing if
necessary. Stay with victim until arrival of emergency medical
personnel.

First Aid–Refrigerant Oil

Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with large amounts of water for
at least 15 minutes while holding the eyelids open. Get prompt
medical attention.

11

Safety Precautions

Skin: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash thoroughly with

WARNING: Wash thoroughly immediately after
soap and water. Get medical attention if irritation persists.
handling refrigerant oil to prevent irritation.
Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air and restore breathing if
necessary. Stay with victim until arrival of emergency
personnel.
First Aid
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Immediately contact
First Aid–Refrigerant local poison control center or physician.

Eyes: For contact with liquid, immediately flush eyes with

large amounts of water. Get prompt medical attention.
Skin: Flush areas with large amounts of warm water. Do not
apply heat. Wrap burns with dry, sterile, bulky dressing to
protect from infection or injury. Get prompt medical attention.
Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air and restore breathing if
necessary. Stay with victim until arrival of emergency medical
personnel.

First Aid–Refrigerant Oil

Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with large amounts of water for
at least 15 minutes while holding the eyelids open. Get prompt
medical attention.

11
Safety Precautions

Safety Decals and Locations

AKA99

Figure 2: Automatic Start Caution (Locations vary

depending on model. Decals are located near areas
AKA98
that contain moving parts which can cause severe
Figure 1: Belt Caution (Locations vary depending on injuries if hands or clothing become tangled when the
model. Decals are located near areas that contain unit automatically starts.)
belts and fans which can cause severe injuries if
hands or clothing become tangled.)

12

Safety Precautions

Safety Decals and Locations

AKA99

Figure 2: Automatic Start Caution (Locations vary

depending on model. Decals are located near areas
AKA98
that contain moving parts which can cause severe
Figure 1: Belt Caution (Locations vary depending on injuries if hands or clothing become tangled when the
model. Decals are located near areas that contain unit automatically starts.)
belts and fans which can cause severe injuries if
hands or clothing become tangled.)

12
Safety Precautions

Model 20/50 Units (Electric Standby)

CAUTION FAN

ATTENTION VENTILATEUR

91-4815
ACHTUNG VENTILATOR

ATTENZIONE VENTILATORE

CUIDADO VENTILADOR
AKB01
ARA183
Figure 4: Electrical Hazard (Locations vary
depending on model. Typically located near power
Figure 3: Fan Caution (Locations vary depending on receptacle, high voltage tray cover and interface
model. Decals are located near areas that contain board.)
fans which can cause severe injuries if hands or
clothing become tangled.)

AKB02

Figure 5: High Voltage Caution

(Located near high voltage box.)

13

Safety Precautions

Model 20/50 Units (Electric Standby)

CAUTION FAN

ATTENTION VENTILATEUR
91-4815

ACHTUNG VENTILATOR

ATTENZIONE VENTILATORE

CUIDADO VENTILADOR
AKB01
ARA183
Figure 4: Electrical Hazard (Locations vary
depending on model. Typically located near power
Figure 3: Fan Caution (Locations vary depending on receptacle, high voltage tray cover and interface
model. Decals are located near areas that contain board.)
fans which can cause severe injuries if hands or
clothing become tangled.)

AKB02

Figure 5: High Voltage Caution

(Located near high voltage box.)

13
Safety Precautions

14

Safety Precautions

14
Unit Description
Introduction The operating mode is selected automatically: When the unit is
connected to an electric power source, engine-driven operation
The Thermo King V-520 10/20 and V-520 MAX truck is automatically blocked. If the vehicle engine is started up
refrigeration systems are two piece units. The unit is designed while the power cable is still connected to the electric power
for medium-sized trucks and vans carrying fresh produce and source, the unit will continue to operate in electric standby
frozen and deep frozen goods. mode. It is not possible to start the engine-driven compressor
The condenser is mounted on the front of the truck box or until the power cable is disconnected from the unit.
container. The evaporator is mounted on the cargo There are two basic models:
compartment ceiling. The main compressor is powered by the
vehicle engine via a belt. The unit is connected to the • Model 10: Cool and defrost on truck engine driven
compressor by refrigeration hoses. In electric standby compressor operation.
operation models, the second compressor is driven by an • Model 20: Cool and defrost on both truck engine driven
elecric motor. compressor operation and electric standby compressor
Control circuits operate on 12 and 24 VDC supplied by the operation.
truck batteries for over-the-road operation. The refrigeration • Model 30: Cool, heat and defrost on truck engine driven
system is protected by a high pressure cutout and a low compressor operation.
pressure cutout.
• Model 50: Cool, heat and defrost on both truck engine
driven compressor operation and electric standby
compressor operation.

15

Unit Description
Introduction The operating mode is selected automatically: When the unit is
connected to an electric power source, engine-driven operation
The Thermo King V-520 10/20 and V-520 MAX truck is automatically blocked. If the vehicle engine is started up
refrigeration systems are two piece units. The unit is designed while the power cable is still connected to the electric power
for medium-sized trucks and vans carrying fresh produce and source, the unit will continue to operate in electric standby
frozen and deep frozen goods. mode. It is not possible to start the engine-driven compressor
The condenser is mounted on the front of the truck box or until the power cable is disconnected from the unit.
container. The evaporator is mounted on the cargo There are two basic models:
compartment ceiling. The main compressor is powered by the
vehicle engine via a belt. The unit is connected to the • Model 10: Cool and defrost on truck engine driven
compressor by refrigeration hoses. In electric standby compressor operation.
operation models, the second compressor is driven by an • Model 20: Cool and defrost on both truck engine driven
elecric motor. compressor operation and electric standby compressor
Control circuits operate on 12 and 24 VDC supplied by the operation.
truck batteries for over-the-road operation. The refrigeration • Model 30: Cool, heat and defrost on truck engine driven
system is protected by a high pressure cutout and a low compressor operation.
pressure cutout.
• Model 50: Cool, heat and defrost on both truck engine
driven compressor operation and electric standby
compressor operation.

15
Unit Description

Standard Features
• In-Cab Controls with Digital LCD Thermometer
• Hot Gas Defrost
• Defrost Termination Switch
• Oil Separator
• Liquid Injection
• Main Compressor, 6-Cylinder Swash Plate
AMA945

Optional Features
Figure 6: V-520 Condenser Unit • Electric Compressor, Model 20 and 50 Units
• Evaporator Drain Heaters (MAX Units Only)
• Electric/Hot Water Heat (Model 20 before fourth quarter
of 2011 and Model 20 SPECTRUM only)
• Hot Water Heat (Model 10 before fourth quarter of 2011
and Model 10 SPECTRUM only)
• Hot Gas Heat (Model 30 and 50 Units Only)

16

Unit Description

Standard Features
• In-Cab Controls with Digital LCD Thermometer
• Hot Gas Defrost
• Defrost Termination Switch
• Oil Separator
• Liquid Injection
• Main Compressor, 6-Cylinder Swash Plate
AMA945

Optional Features
Figure 6: V-520 Condenser Unit • Electric Compressor, Model 20 and 50 Units
• Evaporator Drain Heaters (MAX Units Only)
• Electric/Hot Water Heat (Model 20 before fourth quarter
of 2011 and Model 20 SPECTRUM only)
• Hot Water Heat (Model 10 before fourth quarter of 2011
and Model 10 SPECTRUM only)
• Hot Gas Heat (Model 30 and 50 Units Only)

16
Unit Description

Refrigeration System When plugged into standby power, engine operation is

automatically locked out. If the truck engine is turned on while
Refrigeration hoses or lines are used to connect the condenser, the power cord is still plugged into a power receptacle, the unit
the evaporator, the compressor and any other components. will remain working in electric mode; the engine driven
Model 20 units have another compressor and an electric motor compressor cannot be started until the power cord is unplugged
mounted in the condenser section for electric standby from the unit as the selection of engine operation or standby
operation. operation is automatic.
The engine compressor is driven by a belt from the engine. The
electric standby compressor is connected in parallel with the
engine-driven compressor. The standby compressor is
hermetically sealed with its electric motor. Both compressors
use the same refrigeration system circuit. Check valves isolate
one compressor from the other during operation.
Compressor operation is controlled by the thermostat, which
energizes the compressor clutch during engine operation or
starts the electric motor and energizes the compressor clutch on
electric standby operation. The refrigeration system is
protected by a high pressure cutout switch and a low pressure
cutout switch.

17

Unit Description

Refrigeration System When plugged into standby power, engine operation is

automatically locked out. If the truck engine is turned on while
Refrigeration hoses or lines are used to connect the condenser, the power cord is still plugged into a power receptacle, the unit
the evaporator, the compressor and any other components. will remain working in electric mode; the engine driven
Model 20 units have another compressor and an electric motor compressor cannot be started until the power cord is unplugged
mounted in the condenser section for electric standby from the unit as the selection of engine operation or standby
operation. operation is automatic.
The engine compressor is driven by a belt from the engine. The
electric standby compressor is connected in parallel with the
engine-driven compressor. The standby compressor is
hermetically sealed with its electric motor. Both compressors
use the same refrigeration system circuit. Check valves isolate
one compressor from the other during operation.
Compressor operation is controlled by the thermostat, which
energizes the compressor clutch during engine operation or
starts the electric motor and energizes the compressor clutch on
electric standby operation. The refrigeration system is
protected by a high pressure cutout switch and a low pressure
cutout switch.

17
Unit Description

AMA510
Electronic Control System
Thermo King direct drive refrigeration units are composed of a
condenser unit, an evaporator unit (two evaporators in
multi-temperature units), a vehicle compressor (in models with
electric standby there is a second compressor that is driven by
an electric motor) and a control panel (In-cab Control Box) that
operates the unit.

Figure 7: Evaporator

Evaporator
The evaporator is mounted on the ceiling inside the truck box.

Control Circuits ASA246

The control circuits operate on 12 and 24 VDC supplied by the Figure 8: In-Cab Control Box
truck batteries for engine operation. On standby operation, the
power is rectified from an AC transformer.

18

Unit Description

AMA510
Electronic Control System
Thermo King direct drive refrigeration units are composed of a
condenser unit, an evaporator unit (two evaporators in
multi-temperature units), a vehicle compressor (in models with
electric standby there is a second compressor that is driven by
an electric motor) and a control panel (In-cab Control Box) that
operates the unit.

Figure 7: Evaporator

Evaporator
The evaporator is mounted on the ceiling inside the truck box.

Control Circuits ASA246

The control circuits operate on 12 and 24 VDC supplied by the Figure 8: In-Cab Control Box
truck batteries for engine operation. On standby operation, the
power is rectified from an AC transformer.

18
Unit Description

The Electronic Control System is composed of an Electronic • Unit Control without In-cab Control Box
Control Module (located inside the condenser unit) and the • Manual or Automatic Defrost
In-cab Control Box. This In-cab Control Box allows the truck • Maintenance Warning
driver to operate the Thermo King refrigeration unit.
• Return Air Temperature Sensor
Electronic Control System • Setpoint Temperature Reading
Description • Electric Power Warning
The Electronic Control System has the following Auto Start: Should the unit stop due to a failure in the power
characteristics: supply, whether during on-the-road or electric standby
• Auto Start operation, it will start up again as soon as the power supply is
re-established.
• Soft Start
Soft Start: All operation modes remain inactive for 15
• Active Display
seconds after an Auto Start.
• Lit Keypad
Active Display: The In-cab Control Box display is always
• Total Hourmeter active and backlit except when the unit is disconnected (no
• Vehicle Compressor Hourmeter power) or when the unit is connected but has been manually
switched off from the In-cab Control Box (when there is no
• Electric Standby Compressor Hourmeter active alarm).
• Low Battery Voltage Alarm Lit Keypad: The In-cab Control Box keys are always lit
• Buzzer except when the unit is disconnected (no power) or when the
unit is connected but has been manually switched off from the

19

Unit Description

The Electronic Control System is composed of an Electronic • Unit Control without In-cab Control Box
Control Module (located inside the condenser unit) and the • Manual or Automatic Defrost
In-cab Control Box. This In-cab Control Box allows the truck • Maintenance Warning
driver to operate the Thermo King refrigeration unit.
• Return Air Temperature Sensor
Electronic Control System • Setpoint Temperature Reading
Description • Electric Power Warning
The Electronic Control System has the following Auto Start: Should the unit stop due to a failure in the power
characteristics: supply, whether during on-the-road or electric standby
• Auto Start operation, it will start up again as soon as the power supply is
re-established.
• Soft Start
Soft Start: All operation modes remain inactive for 15
• Active Display
seconds after an Auto Start.
• Lit Keypad
Active Display: The In-cab Control Box display is always
• Total Hourmeter active and backlit except when the unit is disconnected (no
• Vehicle Compressor Hourmeter power) or when the unit is connected but has been manually
switched off from the In-cab Control Box (when there is no
• Electric Standby Compressor Hourmeter active alarm).
• Low Battery Voltage Alarm Lit Keypad: The In-cab Control Box keys are always lit
• Buzzer except when the unit is disconnected (no power) or when the
unit is connected but has been manually switched off from the

19
Unit Description

In-cab Control Box (when there is no active alarm). The Manual or Automatic defrost: It is possible to choose
On/Off key is always lit except when the unit is disconnected between manual or automatic defrost.
(no power), and thus indicates the presence of power in the
Maintenance Warning: On-screen warning of the need to
unit.
carry out maintenance on the unit.
Total Hourmeter: Total number of hours the unit is in
Return Air Temperature Sensor: On-screen reading of
operation.
the temperature in the load compartment. In multi-temperature
Vehicle Compressor Hourmeter: Number of hours the units, the temperature in both compartments can be read on the
unit has been operating on-the-road. same screen.
Electric Standby Compressor Hourmeter: Number of Setpoint Temperature Reading: On-Screen Setpoint
hours the unit has been operating in electric standby. Temperature Reading. In multi-temperature units, the setpoint
temperature of both compartments can be read on the same
Low Battery Voltage Alarm: Disconnects the unit when
screen.
the battery voltage falls below 10.5V in 12VDC systems or
below 21V in 24VDC systems. Electric Power Warning: On-screen warning that the unit
is connected to an electric power supply.
Buzzer: It is energised when the vehicle battery and the
electric power supply are connected at the same time. It is also
energised if the doors are opened while the refrigeration unit is
running.
Unit Control without In-cab Control Box: The unit can
also be operated by the Electronic Control System without the
In-cab Control Box, under conditions selected by the In-cab
Control Box before it is disconnected.

20

Unit Description

In-cab Control Box (when there is no active alarm). The Manual or Automatic defrost: It is possible to choose
On/Off key is always lit except when the unit is disconnected between manual or automatic defrost.
(no power), and thus indicates the presence of power in the
Maintenance Warning: On-screen warning of the need to
unit.
carry out maintenance on the unit.
Total Hourmeter: Total number of hours the unit is in
Return Air Temperature Sensor: On-screen reading of
operation.
the temperature in the load compartment. In multi-temperature
Vehicle Compressor Hourmeter: Number of hours the units, the temperature in both compartments can be read on the
unit has been operating on-the-road. same screen.
Electric Standby Compressor Hourmeter: Number of Setpoint Temperature Reading: On-Screen Setpoint
hours the unit has been operating in electric standby. Temperature Reading. In multi-temperature units, the setpoint
temperature of both compartments can be read on the same
Low Battery Voltage Alarm: Disconnects the unit when
screen.
the battery voltage falls below 10.5V in 12VDC systems or
below 21V in 24VDC systems. Electric Power Warning: On-screen warning that the unit
is connected to an electric power supply.
Buzzer: It is energised when the vehicle battery and the
electric power supply are connected at the same time. It is also
energised if the doors are opened while the refrigeration unit is
running.
Unit Control without In-cab Control Box: The unit can
also be operated by the Electronic Control System without the
In-cab Control Box, under conditions selected by the In-cab
Control Box before it is disconnected.

20
Unit Description

Unit Controls
1. Display It is always active and backlit except
WARNING: Never operate the unit unless you completely
when the unit is disconnected (no
understand the controls; otherwise serious injury may occur.
power) or when the unit is connected but
has been manually switched off from the
In-cab Control Box In-cab Control Box. It normally displays
the return air temperature (of both load
compartments in multi-temperature
units).
2. ON/OFF This key is used to start/stop the unit. It
Key. is always lit except when the unit is
disconnected (no power), and thus acts
as an indicator of the presence of power
in the unit.
3. Select Key. Selects prompt screens and information
screens.
4. Up Key. Is used to increase the setpoint
Figure 9: Display, Keys and Symbols
temperature
5. Down Key. Is used to reduce the setpoint
temperature.

21

Unit Description

Unit Controls
1. Display It is always active and backlit except
WARNING: Never operate the unit unless you completely
when the unit is disconnected (no
understand the controls; otherwise serious injury may occur.
power) or when the unit is connected but
has been manually switched off from the
In-cab Control Box In-cab Control Box. It normally displays
the return air temperature (of both load
compartments in multi-temperature
units).
2. ON/OFF This key is used to start/stop the unit. It
Key. is always lit except when the unit is
disconnected (no power), and thus acts
as an indicator of the presence of power
in the unit.
3. Select Key. Selects prompt screens and information
screens.
4. Up Key. Is used to increase the setpoint
Figure 9: Display, Keys and Symbols
temperature
5. Down Key. Is used to reduce the setpoint
temperature.

21
Unit Description

6. Enter Key. Is used to enter a new command such 13. Defrost Indicates the unit is in Defrost Mode.
as manual defrost, etc. Symbol.
7. Buzzer. It is energised when the vehicle battery 14. Electrical Indicates that the unit is in Electric
and the electric power supply are Symbol. Standby.
connected simultaneously. It is also
energised if the doors are opened while
the refrigeration unit is running.
8. Cool (Thermometer with an arrow pointing Refrigerant
Symbol downward). The unit is cooling. V-520-10, V-520-20, V-520-30 and V-520-50 units use R-134a
refrigerant. V-520 MAX-10, V-520 MAX-20, V-520 MAX-30
9. Heat (Thermometer with an arrow pointing
and V-520 MAX-50 units use R-404A refrigerant.
Symbol upward). The unit is heating.
10. C/ F Indicates whether the on-screen
Symbol. temperature reading is in degrees Liquid Injection System
Celsius (C) or degrees Fahrenheit (F). All V-520 models have a liquid injection system to limit
11. Alarm Indicates that there is an alarm in the discharge temperature of the engine driven compressor. If the
Symbol. system. discharge gas leaving the compressor reaches a temperature of
230 ± 5 F (110 ± 3 C) the liquid injection switch closes,
12. Warns of the need to carry out providing voltage to the liquid injection solenoid. The solenoid
Maintenance maintenance to the unit. opens a valve, allowing liquid refrigerant to flow from the
Symbol. liquid line near the drier inlet to the metering orifice attached to
the suction line fitting on the engine driven compressor. As the

22

Unit Description

6. Enter Key. Is used to enter a new command such 13. Defrost Indicates the unit is in Defrost Mode.
as manual defrost, etc. Symbol.
7. Buzzer. It is energised when the vehicle battery 14. Electrical Indicates that the unit is in Electric
and the electric power supply are Symbol. Standby.
connected simultaneously. It is also
energised if the doors are opened while
the refrigeration unit is running.
8. Cool (Thermometer with an arrow pointing Refrigerant
Symbol downward). The unit is cooling. V-520-10, V-520-20, V-520-30 and V-520-50 units use R-134a
refrigerant. V-520 MAX-10, V-520 MAX-20, V-520 MAX-30
9. Heat (Thermometer with an arrow pointing
and V-520 MAX-50 units use R-404A refrigerant.
Symbol upward). The unit is heating.
10. C/ F Indicates whether the on-screen
Symbol. temperature reading is in degrees Liquid Injection System
Celsius (C) or degrees Fahrenheit (F). All V-520 models have a liquid injection system to limit
11. Alarm Indicates that there is an alarm in the discharge temperature of the engine driven compressor. If the
Symbol. system. discharge gas leaving the compressor reaches a temperature of
230 ± 5 F (110 ± 3 C) the liquid injection switch closes,
12. Warns of the need to carry out providing voltage to the liquid injection solenoid. The solenoid
Maintenance maintenance to the unit. opens a valve, allowing liquid refrigerant to flow from the
Symbol. liquid line near the drier inlet to the metering orifice attached to
the suction line fitting on the engine driven compressor. As the

22
Unit Description

refrigerant passes through the metering orifice it expands and The thermostat places the unit in null by de-energizing all the
evaporates, cooling the suction gas entering the compressor. relays and contactors. The thermostat places the unit in heat by
This cooling effect is transferred to the discharge gas leaving energizing the heat contactor.
the compressor from the adjacent cavity in the compressor
When the power relay and the electric relays are energized,
head. When the discharge gas is cooled to 200 ± 5 F (93 ± 3 C),
they close contacts that energize the fan relay, the motor
the liquid injection switch opens, the liquid injection solenoid
contactor, and the electric standby compressor clutch.
closes and refrigerant no longer flows through the liquid
injection system.
Oil Separator
Evaporator Drain Tube Heaters An oil separator is a standard feature. The oil separator
separates compressor oil from the refrigerant and returns the
Evaporator heaters are used in MAX units to avoid drain tube
oil to the compressor through the suction line. The oil separator
blockage because of ice accumulation inside the evaporator.
helps provide positive oil return at high compressor speeds and
One heater is located inside each drain tube. These resistive
low operating temperatures. This feature enhances compressor
wire heaters melt the ice while the unit is in DEFROST mode.
lubrication and extends compressor life.

Electric Standby Operation

During electric standby operation, the thermostat controls the
operation of the unit by energizing and de-energizing the
power relay and the electric relays. The thermostat places the
unit in cool by energizing the motor contactor and the electric
relays.

23

Unit Description

refrigerant passes through the metering orifice it expands and The thermostat places the unit in null by de-energizing all the
evaporates, cooling the suction gas entering the compressor. relays and contactors. The thermostat places the unit in heat by
This cooling effect is transferred to the discharge gas leaving energizing the heat contactor.
the compressor from the adjacent cavity in the compressor
When the power relay and the electric relays are energized,
head. When the discharge gas is cooled to 200 ± 5 F (93 ± 3 C),
they close contacts that energize the fan relay, the motor
the liquid injection switch opens, the liquid injection solenoid
contactor, and the electric standby compressor clutch.
closes and refrigerant no longer flows through the liquid
injection system.
Oil Separator
Evaporator Drain Tube Heaters An oil separator is a standard feature. The oil separator
separates compressor oil from the refrigerant and returns the
Evaporator heaters are used in MAX units to avoid drain tube
oil to the compressor through the suction line. The oil separator
blockage because of ice accumulation inside the evaporator.
helps provide positive oil return at high compressor speeds and
One heater is located inside each drain tube. These resistive
low operating temperatures. This feature enhances compressor
wire heaters melt the ice while the unit is in DEFROST mode.
lubrication and extends compressor life.

Electric Standby Operation

During electric standby operation, the thermostat controls the
operation of the unit by energizing and de-energizing the
power relay and the electric relays. The thermostat places the
unit in cool by energizing the motor contactor and the electric
relays.

23
Unit Description

Protection Features Fuse 5: Protects the Compressor Clutch 1 (CCL1), Liquid

Injection Switch (LIS), Liquid Injection Valve (LIV), Host Hot
High Pressure Transducer: The high pressure transducer Gas Defrost Solenoid Valve (PS1), Compressor Motor
is a pressure sensitive device. It is located in the discharge line Contactor (CC), 26A Circuit to Heat Option
near the oil separator or the discharge check valve. If the
discharge pressure rises above the transducer’s opening Fuse 6: Protects the Condenser Fan 1, 2 (CFM1and CFM2).
pressure, the ECM opens the circuit to the compressor clutch to Fuse 7: Protects the Condenser Fan Motor (CFM2).
stop the unit.
Fuse 8: Protects the Remote Liquid Solenoid Valve (PS2), Host
Low Pressure Cutout Switch: The Low Pressure Cutout Liquid Solenoid Valve (PS3), Remote Hot Gas Defrost
Switch is a pressure sensitive switch located in the suction line. Solenoid Valve (PS4), and Suction Bypass Solenoid (PS6).
If the pressure falls below acceptable limits, the switch opens Fuse 9: Protects theEvaporator Fan Motor (EFM3)
the LPCO/CH circuit. This signals the ECM to open the circuit
to the compressor clutch to stop unit operation. Fuse 10: Protects theEvaporator Fan Motor (EFM4)
Fuse 11: Protects the Defrost Drain Heaters (DH1 and DH2)
Fuse 20: Transformer Input (L1)
Fuses Fuse 21: Battery Relay (Located in 2 wire near battery)
Fuse 1: Protects the Power Supply Circuit.
Fuse 2: Protects the Condenser Fan Motor (CFM1).
Fuse 3: Protects the Evaporator Fan Motor (EF1).
Fuse 4: Protects the Evaporator Fan Motor (EF2).

24

Unit Description

Protection Features Fuse 5: Protects the Compressor Clutch 1 (CCL1), Liquid

Injection Switch (LIS), Liquid Injection Valve (LIV), Host Hot
High Pressure Transducer: The high pressure transducer Gas Defrost Solenoid Valve (PS1), Compressor Motor
is a pressure sensitive device. It is located in the discharge line Contactor (CC), 26A Circuit to Heat Option
near the oil separator or the discharge check valve. If the
discharge pressure rises above the transducer’s opening Fuse 6: Protects the Condenser Fan 1, 2 (CFM1and CFM2).
pressure, the ECM opens the circuit to the compressor clutch to Fuse 7: Protects the Condenser Fan Motor (CFM2).
stop the unit.
Fuse 8: Protects the Remote Liquid Solenoid Valve (PS2), Host
Low Pressure Cutout Switch: The Low Pressure Cutout Liquid Solenoid Valve (PS3), Remote Hot Gas Defrost
Switch is a pressure sensitive switch located in the suction line. Solenoid Valve (PS4), and Suction Bypass Solenoid (PS6).
If the pressure falls below acceptable limits, the switch opens Fuse 9: Protects theEvaporator Fan Motor (EFM3)
the LPCO/CH circuit. This signals the ECM to open the circuit
to the compressor clutch to stop unit operation. Fuse 10: Protects theEvaporator Fan Motor (EFM4)
Fuse 11: Protects the Defrost Drain Heaters (DH1 and DH2)
Fuse 20: Transformer Input (L1)
Fuses Fuse 21: Battery Relay (Located in 2 wire near battery)
Fuse 1: Protects the Power Supply Circuit.
Fuse 2: Protects the Condenser Fan Motor (CFM1).
Fuse 3: Protects the Evaporator Fan Motor (EF1).
Fuse 4: Protects the Evaporator Fan Motor (EF2).

24
Unit Description

10 3 11

9 1

2
8

7 4
5 6 AMA1412

1. Filter-Drier 5. Oil Separator (under cover) 9. Transformer Cover

2. Liquid Sight Glass 6. Electric Standby Compressor 10. Condenser Fans
3. Liquid Injection Valve 7. Condenser Coil 11. AC Compressor Electric Box
4. Liquid Tank (?) 8. Rectifier Heat Sink
Figure 10: Unit Components (Model 20)

25

Unit Description

10 3 11

9 1

2
8

7 4
5 6 AMA1412

1. Filter-Drier 5. Oil Separator (under cover) 9. Transformer Cover

2. Liquid Sight Glass 6. Electric Standby Compressor 10. Condenser Fans
3. Liquid Injection Valve 7. Condenser Coil 11. AC Compressor Electric Box
4. Liquid Tank (?) 8. Rectifier Heat Sink
Figure 10: Unit Components (Model 20)

25
Unit Description

AMA1005 AMA1004

1. Electronic Control Module 3. Capacitor Box

(single temp shown)
2. Motor Contactor
Figure 11: Condenser Electric and Capacitor Boxes (Model 20 and 50)

26

Unit Description

AMA1005 AMA1004

1. Electronic Control Module 3. Capacitor Box

(single temp shown)
2. Motor Contactor
Figure 11: Condenser Electric and Capacitor Boxes (Model 20 and 50)

26
Unit Description

4
1

AMA513 AMA514

1. Evaporator Fans 3. Air Temperature Sensor

2. Expansion Valve 4. Defrost Switch
Figure 12: Standard Evaporator

27

Unit Description

4
1

AMA513 AMA514

1. Evaporator Fans 3. Air Temperature Sensor

2. Expansion Valve 4. Defrost Switch
Figure 12: Standard Evaporator

27
Unit Description

3
2

AMA525

4 1

1. Hot Water Heat Defrost Coil 3. High Temperature Limit Switch

2. Electric Heat Element 4. Air Temperature Sensor
Figure 13: Evaporator with Hot Water and Electric Heat Options

28

Unit Description

3
2

AMA525

4 1

1. Hot Water Heat Defrost Coil 3. High Temperature Limit Switch

2. Electric Heat Element 4. Air Temperature Sensor
Figure 13: Evaporator with Hot Water and Electric Heat Options

28
Unit Operation
In truck-driven units, temperature control is based on two Defrost: After a scheduled period of time in cool mode,
values: The setting (Setpoint) of the electronic thermostat and between 1 and 8 hours, the unit runs in this fourth mode of
the evaporator return temperature. The difference between operation to eliminate ice that has accumulated in the
these two temperatures will determine the mode of operation: evaporator coil. Defrost can be initiated automatically or
cool, heat, or null. manually.
Cool: When the temperature in the load compartment is
higher than the setpoint, the unit runs in cool mode to reduce
the evaporator return temperature. Decrease in
Temperature
Heat: When the temperature in the load compartment is lower COOL

than the setpoint, the unit changes to heat mode to raise the X C/F above the setpoint

evaporator return temperature.

Null: Once the Setpoint Temperature has been reached, and Temperature Setpoint NULL
MODE
while the temperature remains between X F/C above or below
the setpoint, there is no demand for transfer of heat or cold, and
X C/F below the setpoint
the unit runs in null mode.
Increase in
temperature
HEAT

29

Unit Operation
In truck-driven units, temperature control is based on two Defrost: After a scheduled period of time in cool mode,
values: The setting (Setpoint) of the electronic thermostat and between 1 and 8 hours, the unit runs in this fourth mode of
the evaporator return temperature. The difference between operation to eliminate ice that has accumulated in the
these two temperatures will determine the mode of operation: evaporator coil. Defrost can be initiated automatically or
cool, heat, or null. manually.
Cool: When the temperature in the load compartment is
higher than the setpoint, the unit runs in cool mode to reduce
the evaporator return temperature. Decrease in
Temperature
Heat: When the temperature in the load compartment is lower COOL

than the setpoint, the unit changes to heat mode to raise the X C/F above the setpoint

evaporator return temperature.

Null: Once the Setpoint Temperature has been reached, and Temperature Setpoint NULL
MODE
while the temperature remains between X F/C above or below
the setpoint, there is no demand for transfer of heat or cold, and
X C/F below the setpoint
the unit runs in null mode.
Increase in
temperature
HEAT

29
Unit Operation

Factory setting for X is 5 F (3 C). During unit installation, this Starting the Unit
value can be adjusted by between 2 and 9 F (1 and 5 C) in
increments of 1 F/C.
Engine Operation
Units with R-134a refrigerant: Temperatures can be
1. Start the truck engine.
controlled from -8 F to +71 F (-22 C to +22 C ).
2. Press the On/Off switch located in the In-cab Control Box.
Units with R-404A refrigerant: Temperatures can be
The In-cab Control Box display will be activated.
controlled from -26 F to +71 F (-32 C to +22 C).
3. Check the setpoint, and adjust if necessary.
Year of manufacture: Reference Serial Plate.
Installation and commissioning are to be carried out by an Electric Standby Operation
authorized Thermo King Dealer in accordance with Thermo 1. Connect the external power supply to the electric power
King procedures and drawings. Exceptions to this with the receptacle. Ensure that the power supply is of the correct
written authorization of the manufacturer only. voltage and phase for the unit.
2. Press the On/Off switch located in the In-cab Control Box.
The In-cab Control Box display will be activated. The
electric symbol will appear on the screen.
3. Check the setpoint, and adjust if necessary.

30

Unit Operation

Factory setting for X is 5 F (3 C). During unit installation, this Starting the Unit
value can be adjusted by between 2 and 9 F (1 and 5 C) in
increments of 1 F/C.
Engine Operation
Units with R-134a refrigerant: Temperatures can be
1. Start the truck engine.
controlled from -8 F to +71 F (-22 C to +22 C ).
2. Press the On/Off switch located in the In-cab Control Box.
Units with R-404A refrigerant: Temperatures can be
The In-cab Control Box display will be activated.
controlled from -26 F to +71 F (-32 C to +22 C).
3. Check the setpoint, and adjust if necessary.
Year of manufacture: Reference Serial Plate.
Installation and commissioning are to be carried out by an Electric Standby Operation
authorized Thermo King Dealer in accordance with Thermo 1. Connect the external power supply to the electric power
King procedures and drawings. Exceptions to this with the receptacle. Ensure that the power supply is of the correct
written authorization of the manufacturer only. voltage and phase for the unit.
2. Press the On/Off switch located in the In-cab Control Box.
The In-cab Control Box display will be activated. The
electric symbol will appear on the screen.
3. Check the setpoint, and adjust if necessary.

30
Unit Operation

NOTE: The operating mode, whether engine-driven or Single-temperature Units

electric standby, is selected automatically. When the unit is
connected to an electric power source, engine-driven
operation is automatically blocked. If the truck engine is
started up while the power cable is still connected to the
electric power source, the unit will continue to operate in
electric standby mode.

Standard Display
Figure 14: Single-temperature Units
This is the display that appears when the ON/OFF key is
pressed and the unit started. It normally displays the return air The example in the drawing shows: 10.8 C temperature, cool
temperature (of both load compartments in multi-temperature mode and standby operation.
units) and the current operating mode with the appropriate
symbol.
Should there be an alarm, the alarm symbol will also appear on
screen

31

Unit Operation

NOTE: The operating mode, whether engine-driven or Single-temperature Units

electric standby, is selected automatically. When the unit is
connected to an electric power source, engine-driven
operation is automatically blocked. If the truck engine is
started up while the power cable is still connected to the
electric power source, the unit will continue to operate in
electric standby mode.

Standard Display
Figure 14: Single-temperature Units
This is the display that appears when the ON/OFF key is
pressed and the unit started. It normally displays the return air The example in the drawing shows: 10.8 C temperature, cool
temperature (of both load compartments in multi-temperature mode and standby operation.
units) and the current operating mode with the appropriate
symbol.
Should there be an alarm, the alarm symbol will also appear on
screen

31
Unit Operation

Multi-temperature Units In Single-temperature Units:

Figure 15: Multi-temperature Unit Figure 16: Single-temperature Units

The example in the drawing shows: -10 C temperature and cool 1. Press and release the SELECT key twice, and the current
mode in the main compartment, and 2 C temperature and heat Setpoint Temperature and the letters SP will appear on
mode in the remote compartment. Unit running in on-the-road screen.
mode. 2. Press the UP or DOWN arrow keys to select the desired
Setpoint Temperature. Each time either of these buttons is
Entering the Setpoint pressed and released, the Setpoint Temperature will
change 1 degree.
Temperature
3. Press and release the SELECT key, and the Standard
The Setpoint Temperature can be quickly and easily changed. Display will reappear on screen.
IMPORTANT: If the SELECT key is not pressed within 20
seconds to select the new Setpoint Temperature, the unit will
continue to run at the original Setpoint Temperature.

32

Unit Operation

Multi-temperature Units In Single-temperature Units:

Figure 15: Multi-temperature Unit Figure 16: Single-temperature Units

The example in the drawing shows: -10 C temperature and cool 1. Press and release the SELECT key twice, and the current
mode in the main compartment, and 2 C temperature and heat Setpoint Temperature and the letters SP will appear on
mode in the remote compartment. Unit running in on-the-road screen.
mode. 2. Press the UP or DOWN arrow keys to select the desired
Setpoint Temperature. Each time either of these buttons is
Entering the Setpoint pressed and released, the Setpoint Temperature will
change 1 degree.
Temperature
3. Press and release the SELECT key, and the Standard
The Setpoint Temperature can be quickly and easily changed. Display will reappear on screen.
IMPORTANT: If the SELECT key is not pressed within 20
seconds to select the new Setpoint Temperature, the unit will
continue to run at the original Setpoint Temperature.

32
Unit Operation

In Multi-temperature Units IMPORTANT: If the SELECT key is not pressed within 20

seconds to select the new Setpoint Temperature, the unit will
continue to run at the original Setpoint Temperature.
4. Remote Load Compartment: The present Setpoint
Temperature in the remote compartment and the letters
SP2 will appear on screen.

Figure 17: Multi-temperature Units

1. Main Load Compartment: Press and release the SELECT

key twice, and the current Setpoint Temperature in the
main compartment and the letters SP will appear on
screen. 5. Press the UP or DOWN arrow keys to select the desired
Setpoint Temperature. Each time either of these buttons is
2. Press the UP or DOWN arrow keys to select the desired pressed and released, the Setpoint Temperature will
Setpoint Temperature. Each time either of these buttons is change 1 degree.
pressed and released, the Setpoint Temperature will
change 1 degree. 6. Press and release the SELECT key, and the Standard
Display will reappear on screen.
3. Press and release the SELECT key to change to the
Remote Compartment Setpoint Temperature Setting IMPORTANT: If the SELECT key is not pressed within 20
Screen. seconds to select the new Setpoint Temperature, the unit will
continue to run at the original Setpoint Temperature.

33

Unit Operation

In Multi-temperature Units IMPORTANT: If the SELECT key is not pressed within 20

seconds to select the new Setpoint Temperature, the unit will
continue to run at the original Setpoint Temperature.
4. Remote Load Compartment: The present Setpoint
Temperature in the remote compartment and the letters
SP2 will appear on screen.

Figure 17: Multi-temperature Units

1. Main Load Compartment: Press and release the SELECT

key twice, and the current Setpoint Temperature in the
main compartment and the letters SP will appear on
screen. 5. Press the UP or DOWN arrow keys to select the desired
Setpoint Temperature. Each time either of these buttons is
2. Press the UP or DOWN arrow keys to select the desired pressed and released, the Setpoint Temperature will
Setpoint Temperature. Each time either of these buttons is change 1 degree.
pressed and released, the Setpoint Temperature will
change 1 degree. 6. Press and release the SELECT key, and the Standard
Display will reappear on screen.
3. Press and release the SELECT key to change to the
Remote Compartment Setpoint Temperature Setting IMPORTANT: If the SELECT key is not pressed within 20
Screen. seconds to select the new Setpoint Temperature, the unit will
continue to run at the original Setpoint Temperature.

33
Unit Operation

Initiating the Manual Defrost Cycle

CAUTION: Before initiating a manual defrost, ensure that
the unit is not already in a defrost cycle. When the unit is in a
defrost cycle the defrost symbol appears on screen.
1. Press and release the SELECT key once, and the letters
dEF will appear (flashing) on screen along with the
present defrost condition OFF. Figure 19: Defrost Condition On

3. Press the SELECT key twice to return to the STANDARD

DISPLAY (three times in multi-temperature units), where
the DEFROST symbol will appear when the defrost cycle
begins (the klixon must be closed).

Figure 18: Defrost Condition Off

2. To activate manual defrost, press the ENTER key and then

the UP or DOWN key and the defrost condition will
change to ON.

Figure 20: Defrost Symbol in Display

34

Unit Operation

Initiating the Manual Defrost Cycle

CAUTION: Before initiating a manual defrost, ensure that
the unit is not already in a defrost cycle. When the unit is in a
defrost cycle the defrost symbol appears on screen.
1. Press and release the SELECT key once, and the letters
dEF will appear (flashing) on screen along with the
present defrost condition OFF. Figure 19: Defrost Condition On

3. Press the SELECT key twice to return to the STANDARD

DISPLAY (three times in multi-temperature units), where
the DEFROST symbol will appear when the defrost cycle
begins (the klixon must be closed).

Figure 18: Defrost Condition Off

2. To activate manual defrost, press the ENTER key and then

the UP or DOWN key and the defrost condition will
change to ON.

Figure 20: Defrost Symbol in Display

34
Unit Operation

Alarms Press and release the SELECT key to display the current alarm
code on screen. If there is more than one active alarm, all the
When the unit is not operating properly, the microprocessor alarm codes on the unit can be viewed in sequence by pressing
records the alarm code, alerts the operator by displaying the and releasing the SELECT key.
ALARM symbol and, depending on the type of alarm, shuts
the unit down.
Auto Start:
There are three alarm categories:
The alarm stops the unit, the ALARM symbol appears on
screen and the unit starts up automatically once the alarm
Manual Start: condition has been rectified.
The alarm stops the unit, and only the ALARM symbol
appears on screen.

Figure 22: Auto Start

Figure 21: Manual Start

Once the alarm condition has been rectified, the ON/OFF key
must be pressed to start up again.

35

Unit Operation

Alarms Press and release the SELECT key to display the current alarm
code on screen. If there is more than one active alarm, all the
When the unit is not operating properly, the microprocessor alarm codes on the unit can be viewed in sequence by pressing
records the alarm code, alerts the operator by displaying the and releasing the SELECT key.
ALARM symbol and, depending on the type of alarm, shuts
the unit down.
Auto Start:
There are three alarm categories:
The alarm stops the unit, the ALARM symbol appears on
screen and the unit starts up automatically once the alarm
Manual Start: condition has been rectified.
The alarm stops the unit, and only the ALARM symbol
appears on screen.

Figure 22: Auto Start

Figure 21: Manual Start

Once the alarm condition has been rectified, the ON/OFF key
must be pressed to start up again.

35
Unit Operation

Should a P1E alarm occur - return air temperature read error

alarm code - appear, --- will appear on screen together with the
alarm symbol, instead of the return air temperature reading.

Figure 24: P2E Alarm

Press and release the SELECT key to display the current alarm
Figure 23: P1E Alarm code on screen. If there is more than one active alarm, all the
alarm codes on the unit can be viewed in sequence by pressing
In multi-temperature units, should a P2E - return air
and releasing the SELECT key.
temperature read error in the remote compartment alarm code -
appear, --- will also appear on screen together with the alarm
symbol, instead of the remote compartment return air Buzzers
temperature reading. They are energized when the vehicle battery and the electrical
supply are connected simultaneously (the unit continues
running in standby mode). They are also energized if the doors
open, if this option is selected.

36

Unit Operation

Should a P1E alarm occur - return air temperature read error

alarm code - appear, --- will appear on screen together with the
alarm symbol, instead of the return air temperature reading.

Figure 24: P2E Alarm

Press and release the SELECT key to display the current alarm
Figure 23: P1E Alarm code on screen. If there is more than one active alarm, all the
alarm codes on the unit can be viewed in sequence by pressing
In multi-temperature units, should a P2E - return air
and releasing the SELECT key.
temperature read error in the remote compartment alarm code -
appear, --- will also appear on screen together with the alarm
symbol, instead of the remote compartment return air Buzzers
temperature reading. They are energized when the vehicle battery and the electrical
supply are connected simultaneously (the unit continues
running in standby mode). They are also energized if the doors
open, if this option is selected.

36
Unit Operation

Alarm Code Descriptions Alarm Description

LP Low Pressure Alarm. Indicates that the
Alarm Description refrigeration system will shut down in the
event of excessively low pressure in the
Manual Start
refrigerant circuit. If the problem persists
OL Electric Motor Overload. when the unit is restarted, contact your
Unit protection system during electric standby Service Dealer.
operation. If the problem persists when the
PSE High Pressure Sensor Failure.
unit is restarted, contact your Service Dealer.
The high pressure sensor has become faulty
bAt Low Battery Voltage. Unit and battery or disconnected. Contact your Service
protection system. Dealer.
Auto Start tEP Thermal protection alarm. If the problem
persists when the unit is restarted, contact
HP High Pressure Alarm. Indicates that the
your Service Dealer
refrigeration system will shut down in the
event of excessively high pressure in the dr1, dr2 Doors Open. This option must be activated.
refrigerant circuit. If the problem persists
tCO Control Module Overheating. If the problem
when the unit is restarted, contact your
(Hot) persists when the unit is restarted, contact
Service Dealer.
your Service Dealer.
SOF Software failure. Contact your Service
Dealer.

37

Unit Operation

Alarm Code Descriptions Alarm Description

LP Low Pressure Alarm. Indicates that the
Alarm Description refrigeration system will shut down in the
event of excessively low pressure in the
Manual Start
refrigerant circuit. If the problem persists
OL Electric Motor Overload. when the unit is restarted, contact your
Unit protection system during electric standby Service Dealer.
operation. If the problem persists when the
PSE High Pressure Sensor Failure.
unit is restarted, contact your Service Dealer.
The high pressure sensor has become faulty
bAt Low Battery Voltage. Unit and battery or disconnected. Contact your Service
protection system. Dealer.
Auto Start tEP Thermal protection alarm. If the problem
persists when the unit is restarted, contact
HP High Pressure Alarm. Indicates that the
your Service Dealer
refrigeration system will shut down in the
event of excessively high pressure in the dr1, dr2 Doors Open. This option must be activated.
refrigerant circuit. If the problem persists
tCO Control Module Overheating. If the problem
when the unit is restarted, contact your
(Hot) persists when the unit is restarted, contact
Service Dealer.
your Service Dealer.
SOF Software failure. Contact your Service
Dealer.

37
Unit Operation

Alarm Description Viewing Information Screens

P1E Main or Single Cargo Box Return Air
Temperature Reading Error (open circuit or Main Menu
short-circuit). Contact your Service Dealer. From the Standard Display use the SELECT key to display:
P2E Remote Cargo Box Return Air Temperature 1. Alarms (if any active)
Reading Error (open circuit or short-circuit).
2. Manual Defrost
Contact your Service Dealer.
3. Temperature Setpoint
C Communications Failure. Contact your
Service Dealer.
Hourmeter Menu
From the Standard Display press the SELECT key for 3
Clearing Alarm Codes seconds to open the Hourmeter Menu, then use the SELECT
The alarm condition in the unit must first be corrected. After key to display:
clearing the alarm condition, press and release the SELECT
1. HC: Hours remaining to maintenance notice.
key to remove existing ALARM codes. The standard display
will appear once the ALARM codes have been cleared. 2. tH: The total amount of time the unit has been switched on
protecting the load.
3. CC: Engine-driven compressor operating hours.
4. EC: Electric standby compressor operating hours.
5. Return to Main Menu.

38

Unit Operation

Alarm Description Viewing Information Screens

P1E Main or Single Cargo Box Return Air
Temperature Reading Error (open circuit or Main Menu
short-circuit). Contact your Service Dealer. From the Standard Display use the SELECT key to display:
P2E Remote Cargo Box Return Air Temperature 1. Alarms (if any active)
Reading Error (open circuit or short-circuit).
2. Manual Defrost
Contact your Service Dealer.
3. Temperature Setpoint
C Communications Failure. Contact your
Service Dealer.
Hourmeter Menu
From the Standard Display press the SELECT key for 3
Clearing Alarm Codes seconds to open the Hourmeter Menu, then use the SELECT
The alarm condition in the unit must first be corrected. After key to display:
clearing the alarm condition, press and release the SELECT
1. HC: Hours remaining to maintenance notice.
key to remove existing ALARM codes. The standard display
will appear once the ALARM codes have been cleared. 2. tH: The total amount of time the unit has been switched on
protecting the load.
3. CC: Engine-driven compressor operating hours.
4. EC: Electric standby compressor operating hours.
5. Return to Main Menu.

38
Unit Operation

Post-Start Inspection 2. Carefully check and record the load temperature when
loading the truck. Note whether any products are out of
Thermostat: Adjust the thermostat setting to above and temperature range.
below the compartment temperature to check thermostat
operation (see Operating Modes). 3. Load the product in such a way that there is sufficient
space for the air to circulate throughout the load. DO NOT
Pre-cooling: With the thermostat set at the desired block the evaporator inlet or outlet.
temperature, run the unit for half-an-hour to one hour (or
4. Product should be pre-cooled before loading. Thermo
longer if possible) before loading the truck. Pre-cooling
King units are designed to maintain the load at the
eliminates residual heat and acts as a good test of the
temperature at which it is loaded. Transport refrigeration
refrigeration system.
units are not designed to reduce the load temperature.
Defrost: When the unit has finished pre-cooling the truck
interior - the evaporator temperature should have dropped
below 2 C (35.6 F) - initiate a defrost cycle with the manual Procedure after loading
defrost switch. The defrost cycle should stop automatically. 1. Ensure that all doors are closed and locked.
2. Adjust the thermostat to the desired temperature setpoint.
Loading Procedure 3. Start the unit.
1. To minimize frost accumulation in the evaporator coil and 4. Half an hour after loading the truck, defrost the unit for a
a heat increase inside the load compartment, ensure that moment by pressing the Manual Defrost switch. If the coil
the unit is OFF before opening the doors. (The unit may temperature drops to below 2 C (35.6 F), the unit will
continue to run when the truck is being loaded in a defrost. The defrost cycle should stop automatically.
warehouse with the doors closed.)

39

Unit Operation

Post-Start Inspection 2. Carefully check and record the load temperature when
loading the truck. Note whether any products are out of
Thermostat: Adjust the thermostat setting to above and temperature range.
below the compartment temperature to check thermostat
operation (see Operating Modes). 3. Load the product in such a way that there is sufficient
space for the air to circulate throughout the load. DO NOT
Pre-cooling: With the thermostat set at the desired block the evaporator inlet or outlet.
temperature, run the unit for half-an-hour to one hour (or
4. Product should be pre-cooled before loading. Thermo
longer if possible) before loading the truck. Pre-cooling
King units are designed to maintain the load at the
eliminates residual heat and acts as a good test of the
temperature at which it is loaded. Transport refrigeration
refrigeration system.
units are not designed to reduce the load temperature.
Defrost: When the unit has finished pre-cooling the truck
interior - the evaporator temperature should have dropped
below 2 C (35.6 F) - initiate a defrost cycle with the manual Procedure after loading
defrost switch. The defrost cycle should stop automatically. 1. Ensure that all doors are closed and locked.
2. Adjust the thermostat to the desired temperature setpoint.
Loading Procedure 3. Start the unit.
1. To minimize frost accumulation in the evaporator coil and 4. Half an hour after loading the truck, defrost the unit for a
a heat increase inside the load compartment, ensure that moment by pressing the Manual Defrost switch. If the coil
the unit is OFF before opening the doors. (The unit may temperature drops to below 2 C (35.6 F), the unit will
continue to run when the truck is being loaded in a defrost. The defrost cycle should stop automatically.
warehouse with the doors closed.)

39
Unit Operation

40

Unit Operation

40
Specifications
Electrical System
Fuses 12 Volt 24 Volt
Fuse 1: Power Supply Circuit 5 amps 5 amps
Fuse 2: Condenser Fan Motor (CFM1) 15 amps 10 amps
Fuse 3: Evaporator Fan Motor (EF1) 15 amps 10 amps
Fuse 4: Evaporator Fan Motor (EF2) 15 amps 10 amps
Fuse 5: Compressor Clutch 1 (CCL1), Liquid Injection Switch (LIS), 20 amps 10 amps
Liquid Injection Valve(LIV), Host Defrost Hot Solenoid Valve (PS1),
Compressor otor Contactor (CMC), Heat Pilot Solenoid (PS5),
Compressor Clutch 2 (CCL2)
Fuse 6: Condenser Fan 1, 2 (CF1, CF2) Heater 1, Heater 2 (HT1, 10 amps 7.5 amps
HT2)
Fuse 7: Condenser Fan Motor (CFM2) 15 amps 10 amps
Fuse 8: Remote Liquid Solenoid Valve (PS2), Host Liquid Solenoid 20 amps 10 amps
Valve (PS3), Remote Defrost Hot Gas Solenoid Valve (PS4)
Fuse 9: Evaporator Fan Motor (EF3) 15 amps 10 amps
Fuse 10: Evaporator Fan Motor (EF4) 15 amps 10 amps
Fuse 11: Heaters 10 amps 7.5 amps

41

Specifications
Electrical System
Fuses 12 Volt 24 Volt
Fuse 1: Power Supply Circuit 5 amps 5 amps
Fuse 2: Condenser Fan Motor (CFM1) 15 amps 10 amps
Fuse 3: Evaporator Fan Motor (EF1) 15 amps 10 amps
Fuse 4: Evaporator Fan Motor (EF2) 15 amps 10 amps
Fuse 5: Compressor Clutch 1 (CCL1), Liquid Injection Switch (LIS), 20 amps 10 amps
Liquid Injection Valve(LIV), Host Defrost Hot Solenoid Valve (PS1),
Compressor otor Contactor (CMC), Heat Pilot Solenoid (PS5),
Compressor Clutch 2 (CCL2)
Fuse 6: Condenser Fan 1, 2 (CF1, CF2) Heater 1, Heater 2 (HT1, 10 amps 7.5 amps
HT2)
Fuse 7: Condenser Fan Motor (CFM2) 15 amps 10 amps
Fuse 8: Remote Liquid Solenoid Valve (PS2), Host Liquid Solenoid 20 amps 10 amps
Valve (PS3), Remote Defrost Hot Gas Solenoid Valve (PS4)
Fuse 9: Evaporator Fan Motor (EF3) 15 amps 10 amps
Fuse 10: Evaporator Fan Motor (EF4) 15 amps 10 amps
Fuse 11: Heaters 10 amps 7.5 amps

41
Specifications

Electrical System
Fuses 12 Volt 24 Volt
Fuse 20: Transformer 4 amps 4 amps
Fuse 21: Battery Relay 15 amps 15 amps

Condenser Fan Motors

Voltage Full Load rpm Full Load Current
13 Vdc 3000 9.2 Amps
Evaporator Fan Motors
Voltage Full Load rpm Full Load Current
13 Vdc 2700 6.2 Amps
Coils for Hot Gas Solenoids, Condenser Solenoids, and Liquid Line Solenoids
Voltage Current Resistance
12 Vdc 2.3 amps 5.2 ohms

42

Specifications

Electrical System
Fuses 12 Volt 24 Volt
Fuse 20: Transformer 4 amps 4 amps
Fuse 21: Battery Relay 15 amps 15 amps

Condenser Fan Motors

Voltage Full Load rpm Full Load Current
13 Vdc 3000 9.2 Amps
Evaporator Fan Motors
Voltage Full Load rpm Full Load Current
13 Vdc 2700 6.2 Amps
Coils for Hot Gas Solenoids, Condenser Solenoids, and Liquid Line Solenoids
Voltage Current Resistance
12 Vdc 2.3 amps 5.2 ohms

42
Specifications

Refrigerant System
R-134A REFRIGERATION SYSTEM (V-520)
Refrigerant Charge: V-520 - Model 10 7.93 lb (3.60 kg) R-134a
V-520 - Model 20 7.93 lb (3.60 kg) R-134a
V-520 - Model 30 8.00 lb (3.63 kg) R-134a
V-520 - Model 50 8.00 lb (3.63 kg) R-134a
Defrost Termination Switch: Opens 48.0 ± 5.4 F (8.9 ± 3.0 C)
Closes 36.0 ± 5.4 F (2.2 ± 3.0 C)
Liquid Injection Switch (LIS): Opens 200 ± 5 F (93 ± 3 C)
Closes 230 ± 5 F (110 ± 3 C)
Low Pressure Cutout: Opens 5 to 11 in. Hg vacuum (-17 to -34 kPa)
Closes 4 to 7 psig (28 to 48 kPa)
Compressor Pressure Regulator (CPR) Valve Setting - Model 30 and 50 50.0 psig (345 kPa)
Only
Suction Pressure Regulator (SPR) Valve Setting - Model 20 and 50 Only 39.0 psig (269 kPa)
R-404A REFRIGERATION SYSTEM (V-520 Max)
Refrigerant Charge: V-520 MAX - Model 10 8.15 lb (3.70 kg) R-404A
V-520 MAX - Model 20 8.15 lb (3.70 kg) R-404A

43

Specifications

Refrigerant System
R-134A REFRIGERATION SYSTEM (V-520)
Refrigerant Charge: V-520 - Model 10 7.93 lb (3.60 kg) R-134a
V-520 - Model 20 7.93 lb (3.60 kg) R-134a
V-520 - Model 30 8.00 lb (3.63 kg) R-134a
V-520 - Model 50 8.00 lb (3.63 kg) R-134a
Defrost Termination Switch: Opens 48.0 ± 5.4 F (8.9 ± 3.0 C)
Closes 36.0 ± 5.4 F (2.2 ± 3.0 C)
Liquid Injection Switch (LIS): Opens 200 ± 5 F (93 ± 3 C)
Closes 230 ± 5 F (110 ± 3 C)
Low Pressure Cutout: Opens 5 to 11 in. Hg vacuum (-17 to -34 kPa)
Closes 4 to 7 psig (28 to 48 kPa)
Compressor Pressure Regulator (CPR) Valve Setting - Model 30 and 50 50.0 psig (345 kPa)
Only
Suction Pressure Regulator (SPR) Valve Setting - Model 20 and 50 Only 39.0 psig (269 kPa)
R-404A REFRIGERATION SYSTEM (V-520 Max)
Refrigerant Charge: V-520 MAX - Model 10 8.15 lb (3.70 kg) R-404A
V-520 MAX - Model 20 8.15 lb (3.70 kg) R-404A

43
Specifications

Refrigerant System
V-520 MAX - Model 30 8.25 lb (3.74 kg) R-404A
V-520 MAX - Model 50 8.25 lb (3.74 kg) R-404A
V-520 SPECTRUM - Model 10 9.75 lb (4.42 kg) R-404A
V-520 SPECTRUM - Model 20 9.75 lb (4.42 kg) R-404A
Defrost Termination Switch: Opens 48.0 ± 5.4 F (8.9 ± 3.0 C)
Closes 36.0 ± 5.4 F (2.2 ± 3.0 C)
Liquid Injection Switch (LIS): Opens 200 ± 5 F (93 ± 3 C)
Closes 230 ± 5 F (110 ± 3 C)
Low Pressure Cutout: Opens 5 to 11 in. Hg vacuum(-17 to -34 kPa)
Closes 4 to 7 psig (28 to 48 kPa)
Compressor Pressure Regulator (CPR) Valve Setting - Model 30 and 50 50.0 psig (345 kPa)
Only
Suction Pressure Regulator (SPR) Valve Setting - Model 20 and 50 Only 39.0 psig (269 kPa)

Compressors
Main Compressor 10 cu. in. (163 cc), Engine Driven, Swash Plate, 6
Cylinder
Electric Standby Compressor - Model 20 and 50 Only D211Y, Reciprocating, 3 Cylinder,

44

Specifications

Refrigerant System
V-520 MAX - Model 30 8.25 lb (3.74 kg) R-404A
V-520 MAX - Model 50 8.25 lb (3.74 kg) R-404A
V-520 SPECTRUM - Model 10 9.75 lb (4.42 kg) R-404A
V-520 SPECTRUM - Model 20 9.75 lb (4.42 kg) R-404A
Defrost Termination Switch: Opens 48.0 ± 5.4 F (8.9 ± 3.0 C)
Closes 36.0 ± 5.4 F (2.2 ± 3.0 C)
Liquid Injection Switch (LIS): Opens 200 ± 5 F (93 ± 3 C)
Closes 230 ± 5 F (110 ± 3 C)
Low Pressure Cutout: Opens 5 to 11 in. Hg vacuum(-17 to -34 kPa)
Closes 4 to 7 psig (28 to 48 kPa)
Compressor Pressure Regulator (CPR) Valve Setting - Model 30 and 50 50.0 psig (345 kPa)
Only
Suction Pressure Regulator (SPR) Valve Setting - Model 20 and 50 Only 39.0 psig (269 kPa)

Compressors
Main Compressor 10 cu. in. (163 cc), Engine Driven, Swash Plate, 6
Cylinder
Electric Standby Compressor - Model 20 and 50 Only D211Y, Reciprocating, 3 Cylinder,

44
Specifications

Compressors (Continued)
System Oil Capacity: Model 10 12 oz (355 cc)
Model 20 64 oz (1893 cc)
Model 30 18 oz (532 cc)
Model 50 70 oz (2070 cc)
SPECTRUM Model 10 16 oz (473 cc)
SPECTRUM Model 20 30 oz (887 cc)
Compressor Oil Type Polyol Ester P/N 203-515
Defrost Method: Hot gas
Defrost Timer: Initiation Interval Adjustable, 1 hour to 10 hours
Termination Interval Termination is not timed.
Defrost is terminated by Klixon switch.
CAUTION: Failure to use correct Thermo King recommended oil will invalidate your warranty.

45

Specifications

Compressors (Continued)
System Oil Capacity: Model 10 12 oz (355 cc)
Model 20 64 oz (1893 cc)
Model 30 18 oz (532 cc)
Model 50 70 oz (2070 cc)
SPECTRUM Model 10 16 oz (473 cc)
SPECTRUM Model 20 30 oz (887 cc)
Compressor Oil Type Polyol Ester P/N 203-515
Defrost Method: Hot gas
Defrost Timer: Initiation Interval Adjustable, 1 hour to 10 hours
Termination Interval Termination is not timed.
Defrost is terminated by Klixon switch.
CAUTION: Failure to use correct Thermo King recommended oil will invalidate your warranty.

45
Specifications

Belt Tension (Using Tool P/N 204-427)

Field Reset
Engine Driven Compressor Belt Check vehicle manufacturer specifications

AC Semi-Hermetic Compressor
Full Load Locked Rotor
Voltage/Phase/Frequency Horsepower Kilowatts RPM
(Amps) Amps
230V/3PH/60Hz 2 1.5 1740 14.1 86.9
230V/1PH/60Hz 2 1.5 1740 16.0 83.2
400V/3PH/60Hz 2 1.5 1740 8.1 29.9
400V/3PH/50Hz 2 1.5 1450 6.8 24.9

Electric Standby Power Requirements

Supply Circuit Breaker 20 amp
Extension Cord Size 25 ft - 10 gauge, up to 75 ft - 8 gauge

Electric Heaters
Voltage Power Rating Watts Current Resistance
208/230 2000 14.7 Amps 16.2 ohms at 230 V

46

Specifications

Belt Tension (Using Tool P/N 204-427)

Field Reset
Engine Driven Compressor Belt Check vehicle manufacturer specifications

AC Semi-Hermetic Compressor
Full Load Locked Rotor
Voltage/Phase/Frequency Horsepower Kilowatts RPM
(Amps) Amps
230V/3PH/60Hz 2 1.5 1740 14.1 86.9
230V/1PH/60Hz 2 1.5 1740 16.0 83.2
400V/3PH/60Hz 2 1.5 1740 8.1 29.9
400V/3PH/50Hz 2 1.5 1450 6.8 24.9

Electric Standby Power Requirements

Supply Circuit Breaker 20 amp
Extension Cord Size 25 ft - 10 gauge, up to 75 ft - 8 gauge

Electric Heaters
Voltage Power Rating Watts Current Resistance
208/230 2000 14.7 Amps 16.2 ohms at 230 V

46
Specifications

Solder Applications
Refrigeration Component
For general refrigeration tubing connections: Joint Clearances: 0.003 to 0.005 in. (0.076 to 0.127 mm)
copper to copper or copper to brass Use: Solder Type 15% Silver TK No. 203-364 Use: Flux
Type TK No. 203-365
For refrigeration tubing connections of dissimilar Joint Clearances: 0.003 to 0.005 in. (0.076 to 0.127 mm)
metals: copper to stainless steel or brass to Use: Solder Type 35% Silver TK No. 203-366 Use: Flux
stainless steel Type TK No. 203-365

Hot Water Component

For hot water tubing connections: copper to Joint Clearances: 0.003 to 0.005 in. (0.076 to 0.127 mm)
copper or copper to brass Use: Solder Type 95% Tin and 5% antimony
TK No. 204-167 Use: Flux Type TK No. 204-417
For hot water tubing connections of dissimilar Joint Clearances: 0.003 to 0.005 in. (0.076 to 0.127 mm)
metals: copper to stainless steel or brass to Use: Solder Type 35% Silver TK No. 203-366 Use: Flux
stainless steel Type TK No. 203-365
NOTE: Some units may be equipped with an compressor pressure regulating valve (CPR). To reduce the
chance of overheating the CPR valve, 95-5 solder or equivalent may be used.
Use 95-5 TK No. 204-167
Use Flux TK No. 204-417

47

Specifications

Solder Applications
Refrigeration Component
For general refrigeration tubing connections: Joint Clearances: 0.003 to 0.005 in. (0.076 to 0.127 mm)
copper to copper or copper to brass Use: Solder Type 15% Silver TK No. 203-364 Use: Flux
Type TK No. 203-365
For refrigeration tubing connections of dissimilar Joint Clearances: 0.003 to 0.005 in. (0.076 to 0.127 mm)
metals: copper to stainless steel or brass to Use: Solder Type 35% Silver TK No. 203-366 Use: Flux
stainless steel Type TK No. 203-365

Hot Water Component

For hot water tubing connections: copper to Joint Clearances: 0.003 to 0.005 in. (0.076 to 0.127 mm)
copper or copper to brass Use: Solder Type 95% Tin and 5% antimony
TK No. 204-167 Use: Flux Type TK No. 204-417
For hot water tubing connections of dissimilar Joint Clearances: 0.003 to 0.005 in. (0.076 to 0.127 mm)
metals: copper to stainless steel or brass to Use: Solder Type 35% Silver TK No. 203-366 Use: Flux
stainless steel Type TK No. 203-365
NOTE: Some units may be equipped with an compressor pressure regulating valve (CPR). To reduce the
chance of overheating the CPR valve, 95-5 solder or equivalent may be used.
Use 95-5 TK No. 204-167
Use Flux TK No. 204-417

47
Specifications

48

Specifications

48
Maintenance Inspection Schedule
A closely followed maintenance program will help to keep After first week of operation:
your Thermo King unit in top operating condition. The
• Check belt tension.
following general schedule is provided to assist in monitoring
that maintenance. • Tighten unit mounting bolts.
For more specific detail, see the maintenance manual for your • Check refrigerant level.
unit and to the PreTrip Inspection chapter in this manual.

49

Maintenance Inspection Schedule

A closely followed maintenance program will help to keep After first week of operation:
your Thermo King unit in top operating condition. The
• Check belt tension.
following general schedule is provided to assist in monitoring
that maintenance. • Tighten unit mounting bolts.
For more specific detail, see the maintenance manual for your • Check refrigerant level.
unit and to the PreTrip Inspection chapter in this manual.

49
Maintenance Inspection Schedule

Weekly Monthly Semi- Annual Inspect/Service These Items

Annual
ELECTRICAL
• • Check defrost initiation and termination.
• • Check thermostat cycle sequence.
• • Check operation of protection shutdown circuits.
• Check thermostat and thermometer calibration in 0 C (32 F)
ice-water bath.
• Inspect wire harness for damaged wires or connections.
REFRIGERATION
• • Check refrigerant level.
• Replace dehydrator.
STRUCTURAL
• • • • Visually inspect unit and refrigerant hoses for fluid leaks.
• • • • Visually inspect unit for damaged, loose or broken parts.
• • • • Clean defrost drains.
• • • Inspect belts for condition and proper tension
• • • Clean entire unit including evaporator coil and condenser coil.

50

Maintenance Inspection Schedule

Weekly Monthly Semi- Annual Inspect/Service These Items

Annual
ELECTRICAL
• • Check defrost initiation and termination.
• • Check thermostat cycle sequence.
• • Check operation of protection shutdown circuits.
• Check thermostat and thermometer calibration in 0 C (32 F)
ice-water bath.
• Inspect wire harness for damaged wires or connections.
REFRIGERATION
• • Check refrigerant level.
• Replace dehydrator.
STRUCTURAL
• • • • Visually inspect unit and refrigerant hoses for fluid leaks.
• • • • Visually inspect unit for damaged, loose or broken parts.
• • • • Clean defrost drains.
• • • Inspect belts for condition and proper tension
• • • Clean entire unit including evaporator coil and condenser coil.

50
Maintenance Inspection Schedule

Weekly Monthly Semi- Annual Inspect/Service These Items

Annual
• • Check all unit mounting bolts, brackets, lines, hoses, etc.

51

Maintenance Inspection Schedule

Weekly Monthly Semi- Annual Inspect/Service These Items

Annual
• • Check all unit mounting bolts, brackets, lines, hoses, etc.

51
Maintenance Inspection Schedule

52

Maintenance Inspection Schedule

52
Loading and Enroute Inspections
Thermo King refrigeration units are designed to maintain the 4. Pre-cool the cargo compartment. Adjust the setpoint to the
required temperature for the product being carried during its desired cargo temperature and allow the unit to run a
time in transit. Because of the unit’s unique design, special care minimum of 30 to 60 minutes (longer if possible) before
is required during loading to prevent cargo spoilage. loading. Check to be certain the setpoint temperature is
correct for the cargo.

Pre-Loading Inspection Pre-cooling before loading will remove residual heat and
moisture from the cargo compartment and prepare it to
1. Inspect all door seals, including vent doors, for condition receive the refrigerated load. Pre-cooling also provides a
and a tight seal with no air leakage. good test of the refrigeration system.
2. Inspect the cargo compartment inside and out for damaged 5. Make sure products are pre-cooled to the proper
or loose skin and insulation. temperature before loading. Any variance should be noted
3. Inspect the inside of the cargo compartment for damaged on the manifest.
walls, air ducts, floor channels or “T” flooring, clogged 6. Supervise product loading to make sure that there is
defrost drain tubes, and clogged or damaged floor sufficient air space around and through the load so air flow
channels which could block the air return, creating is not restricted.
isolated areas in the load that are warmer than the desired
temperature.

53

Loading and Enroute Inspections

Thermo King refrigeration units are designed to maintain the 4. Pre-cool the cargo compartment. Adjust the setpoint to the
required temperature for the product being carried during its desired cargo temperature and allow the unit to run a
time in transit. Because of the unit’s unique design, special care minimum of 30 to 60 minutes (longer if possible) before
is required during loading to prevent cargo spoilage. loading. Check to be certain the setpoint temperature is
correct for the cargo.

Pre-Loading Inspection Pre-cooling before loading will remove residual heat and
moisture from the cargo compartment and prepare it to
1. Inspect all door seals, including vent doors, for condition receive the refrigerated load. Pre-cooling also provides a
and a tight seal with no air leakage. good test of the refrigeration system.
2. Inspect the cargo compartment inside and out for damaged 5. Make sure products are pre-cooled to the proper
or loose skin and insulation. temperature before loading. Any variance should be noted
3. Inspect the inside of the cargo compartment for damaged on the manifest.
walls, air ducts, floor channels or “T” flooring, clogged 6. Supervise product loading to make sure that there is
defrost drain tubes, and clogged or damaged floor sufficient air space around and through the load so air flow
channels which could block the air return, creating is not restricted.
isolated areas in the load that are warmer than the desired
temperature.

53
Loading and Enroute Inspections

1. Unit Inspection
5 2. Good Outside Air Circulation
3 3. Gaskets Equally Compressed
2 4. Clear Defrost Drains
1
6 5. Tight Doors
Good Air Circulation Around
6.
Load
Interior and Exterior Walls and
7.
8 Insulation in Good Condition
Cargo at Proper Temperature
8.
Prior to Loading

7
4 AMA1411

Figure 25: Loading Considerations

54

Loading and Enroute Inspections

1. Unit Inspection
5 2. Good Outside Air Circulation
3 3. Gaskets Equally Compressed
2 4. Clear Defrost Drains
1
6 5. Tight Doors
Good Air Circulation Around
6.
Load
Interior and Exterior Walls and
7.
8 Insulation in Good Condition
Cargo at Proper Temperature
8.
Prior to Loading

7
4 AMA1411

Figure 25: Loading Considerations

54
Loading and Enroute Inspections

Inspecting the Load 3. While inspecting to see that the cargo is loaded properly,
make sure the evaporator inlets and outlets are not
Never assume that the product has been loaded properly. Watch blocked.
for and perform the following tasks. It takes only a few
minutes and could save you or your employer considerable 4. Close or supervise the closing of the cargo compartment
time and money later on. doors. Make sure they are securely locked.

1. Make sure the unit is off before opening the cargo 5. Check to make sure the unit setpoint is set at the desired
compartment doors. During operation, the unit blows out temperature as listed on the manifest.
refrigerated air, and draws in outside air. 6. If the unit was stopped, restart using the appropriate
NOTE: The unit can be run with the doors open if the starting procedure outlined in this manual.
truck is backed into a refrigerated warehouse with tight 7. Repeat the after-start inspection.
door seals.
8. Defrost the unit 30 minutes after loading by starting a
2. Perform a final check of the load temperature. If the load manual defrost cycle.
is too hot or too cold, make a final notation on the
manifest.

CAUTION: Make sure cargo is pre-cooled to the

proper temperature before loading. The unit is
designed to maintain temperature, not cool an
above-temperature load.

55

Loading and Enroute Inspections

Inspecting the Load 3. While inspecting to see that the cargo is loaded properly,
make sure the evaporator inlets and outlets are not
Never assume that the product has been loaded properly. Watch blocked.
for and perform the following tasks. It takes only a few
minutes and could save you or your employer considerable 4. Close or supervise the closing of the cargo compartment
time and money later on. doors. Make sure they are securely locked.

1. Make sure the unit is off before opening the cargo 5. Check to make sure the unit setpoint is set at the desired
compartment doors. During operation, the unit blows out temperature as listed on the manifest.
refrigerated air, and draws in outside air. 6. If the unit was stopped, restart using the appropriate
NOTE: The unit can be run with the doors open if the starting procedure outlined in this manual.
truck is backed into a refrigerated warehouse with tight 7. Repeat the after-start inspection.
door seals.
8. Defrost the unit 30 minutes after loading by starting a
2. Perform a final check of the load temperature. If the load manual defrost cycle.
is too hot or too cold, make a final notation on the
manifest.

CAUTION: Make sure cargo is pre-cooled to the

proper temperature before loading. The unit is
designed to maintain temperature, not cool an
above-temperature load.

55
Loading and Enroute Inspections

Enroute Inspections c. The evaporator is plugged with frost. Initiate a manual

defrost cycle. The defrost cycle will be automatically
NOTE: Enroute inspections are recommended every four terminated.
hours for the prevention of damage to the cargo.
d. Improper air circulation within the cargo
1. Note the setpoint to make certain no one has altered the compartment. Inspect the cargo compartment (if
setting since picking up the load. possible) to determine if the evaporator fans are
2. Note the return air temperature reading. It should be working and properly circulating the air. Poor air
within the desired temperature range. If the return air circulation can be due to improper loading of the
temperature reading is not within the desired temperature cargo or shifting of the load.
range, it indicates one of the following:
WARNING: The unit may START automatically AT
a. The unit has not had sufficient time to pull down the ANY TIME while it is turned ON. Make sure to turn
temperature. Refer to log, if possible, for history of the unit OFF before opening unit doors or inspecting
load (for example, above temperature load, properly any part of the unit.
pre-cooled cargo compartment, length of time on
road).
b. The unit is in defrost or has just completed defrost.
NOTE: You can cancel defrost by turning the unit off,
then restarting the unit.

56

Loading and Enroute Inspections

Enroute Inspections c. The evaporator is plugged with frost. Initiate a manual

defrost cycle. The defrost cycle will be automatically
NOTE: Enroute inspections are recommended every four terminated.
hours for the prevention of damage to the cargo.
d. Improper air circulation within the cargo
1. Note the setpoint to make certain no one has altered the compartment. Inspect the cargo compartment (if
setting since picking up the load. possible) to determine if the evaporator fans are
2. Note the return air temperature reading. It should be working and properly circulating the air. Poor air
within the desired temperature range. If the return air circulation can be due to improper loading of the
temperature reading is not within the desired temperature cargo or shifting of the load.
range, it indicates one of the following:
WARNING: The unit may START automatically AT
a. The unit has not had sufficient time to pull down the ANY TIME while it is turned ON. Make sure to turn
temperature. Refer to log, if possible, for history of the unit OFF before opening unit doors or inspecting
load (for example, above temperature load, properly any part of the unit.
pre-cooled cargo compartment, length of time on
road).
b. The unit is in defrost or has just completed defrost.
NOTE: You can cancel defrost by turning the unit off,
then restarting the unit.

56
Loading and Enroute Inspections

e. The unit may have a low refrigerant charge. If liquid

CAUTION: Stop the unit if the compartment
is not showing in the unit receiver tank sight glass, the
temperature remains outside the desired temperature
refrigerant charge may be low. Adding refrigerant or
range from the setpoint on two consecutive 30 minute
repairing the refrigeration system requires a
inspections. Contact the nearest Thermo King
competent mechanic. Refer such problems to the
Service Center or your company office immediately.
nearest Thermo King dealer or authorized Service
Take all necessary steps to protect and maintain
Center, or call the Thermo King Cold Line telephone
proper load temperature.
number shown on the inside back cover of this
manual for referral. 3. Initiate a Manual Defrost cycle after each Enroute
NOTE: If the temperature in the compartment is not Inspection.
within the desired temperature range, repeat the Enroute
Inspection every 30 minutes until the compartment
temperature comes within the desired temperature range.

57

Loading and Enroute Inspections

e. The unit may have a low refrigerant charge. If liquid

CAUTION: Stop the unit if the compartment
is not showing in the unit receiver tank sight glass, the
temperature remains outside the desired temperature
refrigerant charge may be low. Adding refrigerant or
range from the setpoint on two consecutive 30 minute
repairing the refrigeration system requires a
inspections. Contact the nearest Thermo King
competent mechanic. Refer such problems to the
Service Center or your company office immediately.
nearest Thermo King dealer or authorized Service
Take all necessary steps to protect and maintain
Center, or call the Thermo King Cold Line telephone
proper load temperature.
number shown on the inside back cover of this
manual for referral. 3. Initiate a Manual Defrost cycle after each Enroute
NOTE: If the temperature in the compartment is not Inspection.
within the desired temperature range, repeat the Enroute
Inspection every 30 minutes until the compartment
temperature comes within the desired temperature range.

57
Loading and Enroute Inspections

58

Loading and Enroute Inspections

58
Serial Number Locations

Serial Number Locations

CONDENSER: Nameplate located on the back inside wall of
condenser frame.
AMA511
1 2
ENGINE DRIVEN COMPRESSOR: Nameplate located on
compressor body. The engine driven compressor is located in
the truck engine compartment.
STANDBY COMPRESSOR: Nameplate located on
compressor body. The Standby compressor is located inside the
Condenser assembly.

1. Condenser Serial Number Location

2. Stand By Compressor Serial
Number Location

Figure 26: Condenser and Standby Compressor

Serial Number Locations

59

Serial Number Locations

Serial Number Locations

CONDENSER: Nameplate located on the back inside wall of
condenser frame.
AMA511
1 2
ENGINE DRIVEN COMPRESSOR: Nameplate located on
compressor body. The engine driven compressor is located in
the truck engine compartment.
STANDBY COMPRESSOR: Nameplate located on
compressor body. The Standby compressor is located inside the
Condenser assembly.

1. Condenser Serial Number Location

2. Stand By Compressor Serial
Number Location

Figure 26: Condenser and Standby Compressor

Serial Number Locations

59
Serial Number Locations

60

Serial Number Locations

60
 Warranty

Warranty
Terms of the Thermo King Warranty are available on request.
Please reference document TK 51350 for the Thermo King
Self-Powered Truck Unit Warranty.

61

Warranty

Warranty
Terms of the Thermo King Warranty are available on request.
Please reference document TK 51350 for the Thermo King
Self-Powered Truck Unit Warranty.

61
Warranty

62

Warranty

62
Glossary
This glossary is published for informational purposes only and box temperature: The temperature within a
the information being furnished herein should not be temperature-controlled compartment.
considered as all-inclusive or meant to cover all contingencies.
Btu (british thermal unit): The quantity of heat required to
NOTE: Additional terms not found in the glossary may be raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree
located in the index section of this manual. Fahrenheit. 1 Btu = 252 calories.
accumulator: A device located in the suction line to collect bulkhead: 1) return air bulkhead. A metal or plastic “wall”
liquid refrigerant and meter it safety back to the compressor as placed at the front of the box to prevent loading of product
gas. tightly against the Thermo King unit. (Loading too close to the
unit restricts air flow and system efficiency.) 2) bulkhead
ambient air temperature: Temperature of the air
divider. A thick, insulated “wall” used to separate
surrounding an object.
compartments of a multi-temperature truck or trailer.
amp: Abbreviation for ampere. The basic measuring unit of
calorie: The amount of heat required to raise temperature of
electrical current.
one gram of water one degree Celsius. 1 calorie = 0.004 Btu.
bar: A metric unit of pressure. 1 bar = 100 kPa = 14.5 psi.
Celsius: The metric unit of temperature measurement. The
Battery Sentry: Part of the CYCLE-SENTRY™ system. The preferred alternate to the term centigrade. Abbreviated “C.”
Battery Sentry module monitors alternator charge rate and will
centigrade. See Celsius.
keep the unit running until the battery is adequately charged.

63

Glossary
This glossary is published for informational purposes only and box temperature: The temperature within a
the information being furnished herein should not be temperature-controlled compartment.
considered as all-inclusive or meant to cover all contingencies.
Btu (british thermal unit): The quantity of heat required to
NOTE: Additional terms not found in the glossary may be raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree
located in the index section of this manual. Fahrenheit. 1 Btu = 252 calories.
accumulator: A device located in the suction line to collect bulkhead: 1) return air bulkhead. A metal or plastic “wall”
liquid refrigerant and meter it safety back to the compressor as placed at the front of the box to prevent loading of product
gas. tightly against the Thermo King unit. (Loading too close to the
unit restricts air flow and system efficiency.) 2) bulkhead
ambient air temperature: Temperature of the air
divider. A thick, insulated “wall” used to separate
surrounding an object.
compartments of a multi-temperature truck or trailer.
amp: Abbreviation for ampere. The basic measuring unit of
calorie: The amount of heat required to raise temperature of
electrical current.
one gram of water one degree Celsius. 1 calorie = 0.004 Btu.
bar: A metric unit of pressure. 1 bar = 100 kPa = 14.5 psi.
Celsius: The metric unit of temperature measurement. The
Battery Sentry: Part of the CYCLE-SENTRY™ system. The preferred alternate to the term centigrade. Abbreviated “C.”
Battery Sentry module monitors alternator charge rate and will
centigrade. See Celsius.
keep the unit running until the battery is adequately charged.

63
Glossary

CFC: Chlorofluorocarbon. A chlorine-based refrigerant condenser: An arrangement of tubing in which the

consisting of chlorine, fluorine and carbon. Example: R12. In vaporized and compressed refrigerant is liquefied as heat is
many countries it is illegal to release this type of refrigerant to removed.
the atmosphere because chlorine damages the earth’s
cycles per second: See Hertz.
atmosphere. CFC refrigerants are not used in modern Thermo
King units. damper door: A door on the evaporator section that closes
during defrost to prevent hot air from entering the refrigerated
circuit breaker: A thermal device that automatically
cargo compartment.
interrupts an electrical circuit when the current in the circuit
exceeds the predetermined amperage rating of the breaker. See data logger: An electronic device that monitors and stores
amp. unit operating and temperature data for later review. Examples:
DMS, DAS, DRS and AccuTrac.
coil: A cooling or heating element made of pipe or tube,
formed into a helical or serpentine shape, that may be equipped DE: Dual Evaporator. A multi-temp host unit with two
with thin metal fins to aid heat transfer. evaporators capable of refrigerating two separate, longitudinal
compartments.
cold curtains: Flexible vinyl curtains used to reduce air
exchange between the refrigerated compartment and the defrost: The removal of accumulated ice from an evaporator
outside during door openings. coil. Periodic defrost is necessary when the evaporator coil is
operating below freezing. Defrost is required more frequently
compound gauge: A gauge calibrated in psig (or kPa) to
when the air passing through the evaporator has a high
measure pressure, and in inches of mercury (Kg/cm2) to
moisture content.
measure vacuum.
defrost termination switch: A component that terminates
compressor: The refrigeration component that compresses
defrost operation at a specific temperature.
refrigerant vapor and creates refrigerant flow.

64

Glossary

CFC: Chlorofluorocarbon. A chlorine-based refrigerant condenser: An arrangement of tubing in which the

consisting of chlorine, fluorine and carbon. Example: R12. In vaporized and compressed refrigerant is liquefied as heat is
many countries it is illegal to release this type of refrigerant to removed.
the atmosphere because chlorine damages the earth’s
cycles per second: See Hertz.
atmosphere. CFC refrigerants are not used in modern Thermo
King units. damper door: A door on the evaporator section that closes
during defrost to prevent hot air from entering the refrigerated
circuit breaker: A thermal device that automatically
cargo compartment.
interrupts an electrical circuit when the current in the circuit
exceeds the predetermined amperage rating of the breaker. See data logger: An electronic device that monitors and stores
amp. unit operating and temperature data for later review. Examples:
DMS, DAS, DRS and AccuTrac.
coil: A cooling or heating element made of pipe or tube,
formed into a helical or serpentine shape, that may be equipped DE: Dual Evaporator. A multi-temp host unit with two
with thin metal fins to aid heat transfer. evaporators capable of refrigerating two separate, longitudinal
compartments.
cold curtains: Flexible vinyl curtains used to reduce air
exchange between the refrigerated compartment and the defrost: The removal of accumulated ice from an evaporator
outside during door openings. coil. Periodic defrost is necessary when the evaporator coil is
operating below freezing. Defrost is required more frequently
compound gauge: A gauge calibrated in psig (or kPa) to
when the air passing through the evaporator has a high
measure pressure, and in inches of mercury (Kg/cm2) to
moisture content.
measure vacuum.
defrost termination switch: A component that terminates
compressor: The refrigeration component that compresses
defrost operation at a specific temperature.
refrigerant vapor and creates refrigerant flow.

64
Glossary

defrost timer: A solid state module that initiates defrost at evaporator: The part of the refrigeration system that absorbs
selected intervals. Also establishes a maximum defrost heat during the cooling cycle.
duration if normal circuits malfunction.
EW: A wall-mounted Thermo King remote evaporator. See
dehydrator: A device used to remove moisture from ECT and TLE.
refrigerant. Also called a drier.
F: See Fahrenheit.
discharge air temperature: The temperature of air leaving
Fahrenheit: A unit of temperature measurement used in the
the evaporator.
United States. Abbreviated “F.”
drier: See dehydrator.
freeze up: 1) Failure of a refrigeration system to operate
ECT: A ceiling-mounted Thermo King remote evaporator. See normally due to moisture in the refrigerant and the formation
EW and TLE. of ice at the expansion valve. The expansion valve may be
frozen shut or open, causing improper unit operation in either
ERC: Extended Remote Unit Control. (Door switches) An
case. 2) The formation of a solid ice mass over the evaporator
option on Thermo King multi-temperature units to improve
coil reducing air flow.
temperature control when doors are opened during delivery.
When a compartment door is opened, the refrigeration unit for fuse: An electrical safety device (typically a cartridge)
that compartment may be forced to NULL, defrost, or some inserted into an electrical circuit. It contains material that will
other mode. Opening a compartment door may also affect the melt or break when the current is increased beyond a specific
operating mode of other compartments. ERC systems are value. When this occurs, the circuit is opened and electrical
connected in a variety of ways to meet customer needs. current flow is stopped.
ETV (Electronic Throttling Valve) : A device used with a
microprocessor to precisely control the refrigeration system.

65

Glossary

defrost timer: A solid state module that initiates defrost at evaporator: The part of the refrigeration system that absorbs
selected intervals. Also establishes a maximum defrost heat during the cooling cycle.
duration if normal circuits malfunction.
EW: A wall-mounted Thermo King remote evaporator. See
dehydrator: A device used to remove moisture from ECT and TLE.
refrigerant. Also called a drier.
F: See Fahrenheit.
discharge air temperature: The temperature of air leaving
Fahrenheit: A unit of temperature measurement used in the
the evaporator.
United States. Abbreviated “F.”
drier: See dehydrator.
freeze up: 1) Failure of a refrigeration system to operate
ECT: A ceiling-mounted Thermo King remote evaporator. See normally due to moisture in the refrigerant and the formation
EW and TLE. of ice at the expansion valve. The expansion valve may be
frozen shut or open, causing improper unit operation in either
ERC: Extended Remote Unit Control. (Door switches) An
case. 2) The formation of a solid ice mass over the evaporator
option on Thermo King multi-temperature units to improve
coil reducing air flow.
temperature control when doors are opened during delivery.
When a compartment door is opened, the refrigeration unit for fuse: An electrical safety device (typically a cartridge)
that compartment may be forced to NULL, defrost, or some inserted into an electrical circuit. It contains material that will
other mode. Opening a compartment door may also affect the melt or break when the current is increased beyond a specific
operating mode of other compartments. ERC systems are value. When this occurs, the circuit is opened and electrical
connected in a variety of ways to meet customer needs. current flow is stopped.
ETV (Electronic Throttling Valve) : A device used with a
microprocessor to precisely control the refrigeration system.

65
Glossary

fusible link: An electrical safety device (typically a short hp (horsepower): A unit of power equivalent to 746 watts
piece of wire) inserted into an electrical circuit. The wire melts or 550 foot-pounds per second.
or breaks when the current is increased beyond a specific
HPCO (High Pressure Cut Out Switch): A
value. When this occurs, the circuit is opened and electrical
pressure-operated switch that opens to stop unit operation
current flow is stopped.
when discharge pressure reaches a predetermined maximum.
HCFC: Hydrochlorofluorocarbon. A chlorine-based
invertible: A multi-temperature truck or trailer unit designed
refrigerant containing hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine and carbon.
to allow the placement of deep-frozen cargo in any
Example: R22. Because chlorine damages the earth’s
compartment. See Multi-Temp.
atmosphere, in many countries, it is illegal to release this type
of refrigerant to the atmosphere. HCFC refrigerants are not kPa: Kilopascals. A metric unit of pressure. 1 kPa = 0.01 bar =
used in modern Thermo King units. 0.145 psi.
Hertz: A unit of frequency equal to one cycle per second. load: 1) The product being refrigerated and transported.
Abbreviated “Hz.” 2) The amount of heat being removed by the refrigeration
system. (For example, a compressor is under a heavy heat load
HFC: A refrigerant consisting of hydrogen, fluorine and
when expected to cool a very warm box.)
carbon. Examples: R134a and 404A. HFC refrigerants contain
no chlorine and are, therefore, considered “safe” for the LPCO (Low Pressure Cut Out Switch): A
environment. pressure-operated switch that opens to stop unit operation
when suction pressure reaches a predetermined minimum.
high pressure relief valve: A safety valve on the
refrigeration system that allows refrigerant to escape from the modulation: An optional system that reduces load (product)
system if pressure exceeds a predetermined value. dehydration and avoids “top freeze.”

66

Glossary

fusible link: An electrical safety device (typically a short hp (horsepower): A unit of power equivalent to 746 watts
piece of wire) inserted into an electrical circuit. The wire melts or 550 foot-pounds per second.
or breaks when the current is increased beyond a specific
HPCO (High Pressure Cut Out Switch): A
value. When this occurs, the circuit is opened and electrical
pressure-operated switch that opens to stop unit operation
current flow is stopped.
when discharge pressure reaches a predetermined maximum.
HCFC: Hydrochlorofluorocarbon. A chlorine-based
invertible: A multi-temperature truck or trailer unit designed
refrigerant containing hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine and carbon.
to allow the placement of deep-frozen cargo in any
Example: R22. Because chlorine damages the earth’s
compartment. See Multi-Temp.
atmosphere, in many countries, it is illegal to release this type
of refrigerant to the atmosphere. HCFC refrigerants are not kPa: Kilopascals. A metric unit of pressure. 1 kPa = 0.01 bar =
used in modern Thermo King units. 0.145 psi.
Hertz: A unit of frequency equal to one cycle per second. load: 1) The product being refrigerated and transported.
Abbreviated “Hz.” 2) The amount of heat being removed by the refrigeration
system. (For example, a compressor is under a heavy heat load
HFC: A refrigerant consisting of hydrogen, fluorine and
when expected to cool a very warm box.)
carbon. Examples: R134a and 404A. HFC refrigerants contain
no chlorine and are, therefore, considered “safe” for the LPCO (Low Pressure Cut Out Switch): A
environment. pressure-operated switch that opens to stop unit operation
when suction pressure reaches a predetermined minimum.
high pressure relief valve: A safety valve on the
refrigeration system that allows refrigerant to escape from the modulation: An optional system that reduces load (product)
system if pressure exceeds a predetermined value. dehydration and avoids “top freeze.”

66
Glossary

movable bulkhead: A thick, insulated, portable wall-like psi: Pounds per square inch. A unit of pressure.
device used to compartmentalize a temperature-controlled 1 psi = 0.069 bar = 6.89 kPa.
truck or trailer. See bulkhead.
psig: Pounds per Square Inch Gauge. Pressure in pounds per
Multi-Temp: A Thermo King truck or trailer unit capable of square inch as displayed by a gauge calibrated to zero when
maintaining different set-points in multiple compartments. open to the atmosphere.
no. 1 diesel fuel: A grade of diesel fuel formulated to receiver tank: A refrigerant storage device included in
prevent “jelling” in low ambient temperatures. nearly all Thermo King units.
no. 2 diesel fuel: A grade of diesel fuel formulated for refrigerant: The medium of heat transfer in a refrigeration
moderate to warm ambient temperatures. system which absorbs heat by evaporating at a low temperature
and releases heat by condensing at a higher temperature.
ohm: An electrical unit measuring the amount of resistance
(opposition to the current flow) in an electrical circuit. refrigerant oil: A special oil used to lubricate compressors in
refrigeration systems.
pre-cooling: 1) To cool down an empty box
(temperature-controlled area) to the desired load temperature remote evaporator: A separate evaporator unit located in a
prior to loading. 2) To cool cargo to a desired temperature second or third compartment of a multi-temperature truck or
before loading. trailer unit.
pre-heat: The heating of diesel engine glow plugs prior to return air bulkhead: A structure (metal or plastic) mounted
start-up. Some engines use an intake manifold heater rather in the front of a trailer and designed to prevent restriction of
than glow plugs. return air flow to the Thermo King unit due to improper
loading. See bulkhead.
pre-trip inspection: Checking the operation of a
refrigeration system before loading.

67

Glossary

movable bulkhead: A thick, insulated, portable wall-like psi: Pounds per square inch. A unit of pressure.
device used to compartmentalize a temperature-controlled 1 psi = 0.069 bar = 6.89 kPa.
truck or trailer. See bulkhead.
psig: Pounds per Square Inch Gauge. Pressure in pounds per
Multi-Temp: A Thermo King truck or trailer unit capable of square inch as displayed by a gauge calibrated to zero when
maintaining different set-points in multiple compartments. open to the atmosphere.
no. 1 diesel fuel: A grade of diesel fuel formulated to receiver tank: A refrigerant storage device included in
prevent “jelling” in low ambient temperatures. nearly all Thermo King units.
no. 2 diesel fuel: A grade of diesel fuel formulated for refrigerant: The medium of heat transfer in a refrigeration
moderate to warm ambient temperatures. system which absorbs heat by evaporating at a low temperature
and releases heat by condensing at a higher temperature.
ohm: An electrical unit measuring the amount of resistance
(opposition to the current flow) in an electrical circuit. refrigerant oil: A special oil used to lubricate compressors in
refrigeration systems.
pre-cooling: 1) To cool down an empty box
(temperature-controlled area) to the desired load temperature remote evaporator: A separate evaporator unit located in a
prior to loading. 2) To cool cargo to a desired temperature second or third compartment of a multi-temperature truck or
before loading. trailer unit.
pre-heat: The heating of diesel engine glow plugs prior to return air bulkhead: A structure (metal or plastic) mounted
start-up. Some engines use an intake manifold heater rather in the front of a trailer and designed to prevent restriction of
than glow plugs. return air flow to the Thermo King unit due to improper
loading. See bulkhead.
pre-trip inspection: Checking the operation of a
refrigeration system before loading.

67
Glossary

return air temperature: The temperature of the air Vac (volts alternating current): An electric current that
returning to the evaporator. See box temperature. reverses direction at regularly recurring intervals.
rpm: Revolutions per minute. Vdc (volts direct current): An electric current that flows in
one direction only and is constant in value.
setpoint: The temperature selected on a thermostat or
microprocessor controller. This is normally the desired box volts: The basic measuring unit of electrical potential.
temperature.
watt: The basic measuring unit of electrical power.
short cycling: When a refrigeration unit cycles between the
heat and cool modes more often than normal.
sight glass: A system component that permits visual
inspection of oil or refrigerant level and condition.
thermostat: A device that controls unit modes of operation to
maintain a selected box temperature.
TLE: Thin-line evaporator. A Thermo King remote evaporator
designed to be compact (thin) while supplying superior air
flow. See ECT and EW.
top freeze: When the top portion of perishable cargo is
damaged by freezing temperatures discharged from the
refrigeration unit. This may occur near the front of the box
when product is placed too close to the cold, discharge air flow.

68

Glossary

return air temperature: The temperature of the air Vac (volts alternating current): An electric current that
returning to the evaporator. See box temperature. reverses direction at regularly recurring intervals.
rpm: Revolutions per minute. Vdc (volts direct current): An electric current that flows in
one direction only and is constant in value.
setpoint: The temperature selected on a thermostat or
microprocessor controller. This is normally the desired box volts: The basic measuring unit of electrical potential.
temperature.
watt: The basic measuring unit of electrical power.
short cycling: When a refrigeration unit cycles between the
heat and cool modes more often than normal.
sight glass: A system component that permits visual
inspection of oil or refrigerant level and condition.
thermostat: A device that controls unit modes of operation to
maintain a selected box temperature.
TLE: Thin-line evaporator. A Thermo King remote evaporator
designed to be compact (thin) while supplying superior air
flow. See ECT and EW.
top freeze: When the top portion of perishable cargo is
damaged by freezing temperatures discharged from the
refrigeration unit. This may occur near the front of the box
when product is placed too close to the cold, discharge air flow.

68
Emergency Cold Line
The answering service at the factory will assist you in reaching
a dealer to get the help you need. The Cold Line is answered 24
hours a day by personnel who will do their best to get you
quick service at an authorized Thermo King Dealer.

AKB12

If you can’t get your rig rolling, and you have tried the Thermo
King North American Service Directory (available from any
Thermo King dealer) to reach a dealer without success, then
call the Toll Free Emergency Cold Line Number
(888) 887-2202.

69

Emergency Cold Line

The answering service at the factory will assist you in reaching
a dealer to get the help you need. The Cold Line is answered 24
hours a day by personnel who will do their best to get you
quick service at an authorized Thermo King Dealer.

AKB12

If you can’t get your rig rolling, and you have tried the Thermo
King North American Service Directory (available from any
Thermo King dealer) to reach a dealer without success, then
call the Toll Free Emergency Cold Line Number
(888) 887-2202.

69
Recover Refrigerant

Recover Refrigerant
At Thermo King, we recognize the need to preserve the environment
and limit the potential harm to the ozone layer that can result from
allowing refrigerant to escape into the atmosphere.

We strictly adhere to a policy that promotes the recovery and limits

the loss of refrigerant into the atmosphere.

In addition, service personnel must be aware of Federal regulations

concerning the use of refrigerants and the certification of technicians.
For additional information on regulations and technician certification
programs, contact your local THERMO KING dealer.

70

Recover Refrigerant

Recover Refrigerant
At Thermo King, we recognize the need to preserve the environment
and limit the potential harm to the ozone layer that can result from
allowing refrigerant to escape into the atmosphere.

We strictly adhere to a policy that promotes the recovery and limits

the loss of refrigerant into the atmosphere.

In addition, service personnel must be aware of Federal regulations

concerning the use of refrigerants and the certification of technicians.
For additional information on regulations and technician certification
programs, contact your local THERMO KING dealer.

70
 CALIFORNIA
Proposition 65 Warning
Diesel exhaust is a chemical known to
the State of California to cause cancer.

71

CALIFORNIA
Proposition 65 Warning
Diesel exhaust is a chemical known to
the State of California to cause cancer.

71
72

72
 Operator’s Manual

Truck Edition
V-520 10/20/30/50, V-520 MAX
Thermo King – by Trane Technologies (NYSE: TT), a global climate innovator – is a worldwide leader in sustainable
transport temperature control solutions. Thermo King has been providing transport temperature control solutions
for a variety of applications, including trailers, truck bodies, buses, air, shipboard containers and railway cars since
1938. For more information, visit www.thermoking.com or www.tranetechnologies.com

Thermo King has a policy of coninuous product and data improvements and reserves the right to change design and specifications without notice. We are Revision 1
committed to using environmentally conscious print practices.

TK 54342-18-OP
TK-54342-18-OP
Feb 2012
©2020 Trane Technologies February 2012